Chapter IV: Front Matter (4)

1 2 2 2 3 3 3 A 191 £1114 17 11 £625 1 0 *B 79 576 18 9 79 19 11 C 48 349 18 81/4 118 12 31/2 D 46 164 8 2 54 10 7 *E 244 765 10 1 280 13 6 *F, 180 1006 5 1 537 6 5 G, 23 95 0 0 35 18 0 *H, 95 248 2 1 153 11 8 J, 52 428 14 111/2 120 0 91/2 K, 28 124 15 10 15 0 0 *L, 30 76 16 51/4 0 0 0 *M, 122 881 0 31/2 190 5 6 *N 189 480 7 11 617 1 5 O, 58 288 12 9 172 3 4 *P, 209 788 16 21/2 946 9 1‡ †Q, 31 149 5 91/2 79 15 6 R, 70 354 5 1 128 18 9 †S, 122 160 0 8 221 2 5 †T, 96 563 8 7 153 6 7 1913 £8617 5 31/2 £4529 16 9

4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 A £367 1 5 £2594 2 81/2 £738 6 101/2 *B 88 10 9 769 18 01/2 31 0 93/4 C 51 15 0 338 14 1/4 92 4 9 D 69 16 9 292 8 1 43 4 4 *e 465 10 0 2233 10 10 0 0 0 *F, 126 0 0 863 10 10 213 13 0 G, 0 0 0§ 208 10 2 0 0 0 *H, 39 8 10 866 0 2 304 14 0 J, 162 13 3 415 8 101/2 114 12 81/2 K, 19 0 0 286 6 0 0 0 0 *L, 45 0 0 164 1 8 0 0 0 *M, 292 3 6 878 17 1 366 11 61/2 *N 331 1 4 1763 12 61/2 100 13 10 O, 0 0 0 650 4 1 0 0 0 *P, 0 0 0§ 2063 18 01/2 284 0 01/2 †Q, 12 9 7 174 5 11 50 4 91/2 R, 55 14 6 520 7 0 32 7 10 †S, 56 13 5 1054 6 111/2 0 0 0 †T, 59 17 9 861 11 8 91 8 0 £2242 16 1 £16,999 14 81/4 £2463 2 61/4

7 7 7 8 8 8 9.1 A £1077 1 11 £1444 7 1 114 *B 163 5 03/4 248 7 31/4 31 C 32 4 21/2 30 10 21/2 17 D 85 3 31/2 85 3 31/2 11 *e 834 6 3 834 6 3 25 *F, 0 0 0 0 0 0±¶ 118 G, 106 17 0 106 17 0 6 *H, 342 7 1 342 7 1 27 J, 34 11 41/2 28 10 0 29 K, 133 9 91/2 159 17 10 6 *L, 87 5 23/4 87 5 23/4 6 *M, 265 18 01/2 294 17 11/2 67 *N 484 4 11/2 479 8 1 22 O, 216 14 81/2 216 14 81/2 22 *P, 693 0 5 693 0 5 15 †Q, 21 17 9 21 17 9 6 R, 125 3 8 125 3 8 32 †S, 616 5 61/2 616 5 61/2 7 †T, 256 9 2 251 9 2 35 £5576 4 71/2 £6066 7 81/2 596

9.2 9.2 9.2 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.2 A £1160 8 8 143 £1379 5 7 *B 101 9 1/4 50 294 8 93/4 C 27 17 41/2 35 150 17 101/2 D 29 1 0 18 67 7 41/2 *e 59 11 9 72 172 1 9 *F, 783 0 0 141 948 18 3 G, 45 19 4 9 87 19 7 *H, 159 2 2 21 137 11 11 J, 220 11 7 38 401 12 31/2 K, 13 0 41/2 8 26 8 01/2 *L, 25 7 51/4 7 26 14 63/4 *M, 538 3 31/2 76 737 0 7 *N 74 18 0 27 122 15 81/2 O, 195 11 11 19 197 16 7 *P, 70 7 8 41 150 16 31/2 †Q, 9 16 4 16 48 14 31/2 R, 101 17 5 50 213 4 7 †S, 20 16 5 9 24 10 2 †T, 292 2 7 52 372 7 9 £3929 2 4 832 £5560 12 0

*See Note (*) on table II., Home Fishing, 1871. † This includes the Herring fishing. ‡ Includes $540, 9s. of Rents paid. § Included in No. 2. ± Although a few would have cash to get, yet the supplies to the whole exceeded their earnings by about £536, 7s. 8d.

TABLE II.--HOME FISHING--SEASON 1871. [Page 26]

1. No. of Fishermen employed

2. Amount of Goods debited to Fishermen.

3. Cash advanced before Settlement.

4. Fishing Expenses charged to the Men.

5. Gross Sum credited to them for Fish.

6. Gross Sum credited to them for Stock, etc.

7. Cash due to them at Settlement.

8. Cash paid to them at Settlement

9.1 No. of Fishermen indebted at Settlement of 1870

9.2 Total Debts

10.1. No. of Fishermen indebted at Settlement of 1871

10.2. Total Debts

1 2 2 2 3 3 3 A 182 £911 19 5 £809 16 8 *B 79 406 8 1/4 137 15 41/2 *C 46 308 16 1 103 19 61/2 D 100 411 15 8 249 18 0 *E 260 634 0 6 251 0 4 *F, 144 735 2 2 640 3 1 G, 23 60 0 0 40 17 0 *H, 103 260 12 4 182 16 1 J, 60 279 11 61/2 110 17 101/2 K, 12 65 11 111/2 23 0 0 Q 142 479 17 4 371 11 5 *M, 147 1136 17 61/2 276 8 0 O, 36 108 6 5 55 0 6 *N 185 345 6 91/2 560 11 01/2 S 66 107 14 8 110 14 11/2 *L 30 100 9 11 1615 £6352 10 41/4 £3924 9 01/2

*†U, 150 1125 3 1 £658 5 21/2 *†T, 126 1042 10 11 356 2 6 *†P, 281 788 1 21/2 1048 19 111/2 2202 £9308 5 63/4 £5987 16 81/2

4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 A £274 10 1 £3101 14 3 £859 6 2 *B 73 18 0 1090 6 1 14 10 91/2 *C 49 10 6 578 0 21/2 115 2 83/4 D 178 9 21/2 999 3 9 33 3 61/2 *E 540 10 11 3436 16 7 *F, 99 0 0 1330 1 7 335 12 0 G, ‡ 310 4 0 *H, 163 18 9 1151 11 4 197 3 11 J, 161 14 111/2 623 4 8 60 8 6 K, 6 0 0 102 19 6 Q 123 8 5 1124 10 5 35 11 6 *M, 459 12 31/2 1800 7 21/2 385 19 11/2 O, 337 15 3 *N 324 17 41/2 1780 3 4 79 9 11 S 73 1 111/2 625 6 3 *L 46 0 0 251 4 81/2 £2574 12 51/2 £18,643 9 11/2 £2116 8 21/4

*†U, £50 4 8 £1651 11 11/2 £417 16 6 *†T, 67 4 0 1880 10 11 183 6 5 *†P, 2729 8 71/2 412 1 21/2 £2692 1 11/2 £24,904 19 91/2 £3129 12 33/4

7 7 7 8 8 8 9.1 A £1555 13 6 £1842 8 4 105 *B 463 1 11/2 519 16 61/2 27 *C 160 9 31/2 176 0 8 30 D 252 16 6 252 16 6 34 *E 1983 8 2 1983 8 2 17 *F, 235 8 4 235 8 4 136 G, 174 8 8 174 8 8 10 *H, 376 14 8 376 14 8 25 J, 90 5 6 74 5 21/2 44 K, 15 16 11/2 5 Q 299 9 10 299 9 10 46 *M, 890 7 51/2 501 16 41/2 82 O, 219 13 7 219 13 7 13 *N 586 13 111/2 571 9 111/2 31 S 333 15 41/2 333 15 41/2 32 *L 150 14 91/4 150 14 91/4 7 £7773 0 83/4 £7728 3 11/4 644

*†U, £276 6 4 £245 6 4 *†T, 710 16 8 874 16 6 82 *†P, 1305 10 71/2 1305 10 71/2 48 £10,065 14 41/4 £10,153 16 63/4 774

9.2 9.2 9.2 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.2 A £961 16 2 133 £839 10 0 *B 120 1 23/4 35 164 15 9 *C 141 19 01/4 22 94 16 93/4 D 92 12 101/2 48 153 4 111/2 *E 36 17 2 9 9 0 6 *F, 1433 12 11 99 1215 4 4 G, 56 13 0 5 23 10 0 *H, 244 0 1 25 232 18 8 J, 524 3 101/2 37 452 9 11 K, 18 1 7 6 19 10 2 Q 146 4 11 68 260 10 0 *M, 858 7 51/2 65 657 17 21/2 O, 163 15 10 11 140 6 0 *N 125 9 3 23 88 3 2 S 52 11 101/2 21 48 6 11/2 *L 50 11 103/4 7 36 17 71/4 £5026 19 13/4 614 £4437 1 21/2

*†U, £561 16 4 606 18 11/2 *†T, 433 18 9 68 710 5 10 *†P, 274 0 10 44 275 2 91/2 £6296 15 03/4 726 £6037 7 111/2

*In the Returns made by those marked (*), rents payable by men to them are included in the cash payments, except those of H. † The Returns by U, T., and P are for the year 1870. ‡ This in included in No. 2.

NOTES BY P. TO HIS ANSWERS 1870.

<Question No. 1.>--281. This includes 84 men engaged by me for the herring fishing, which on only begins on the 12th August. These men fish to other curers at the ling-fishing during the summer, and only] come to me for the herring fishing. They get no goods from me, nor cash advances, but receive the gross value of their fish in one payment when the fishing is over. <Question No. 2>.--£788, 1s. 21/2d. This represents the gross amount of the store accounts charged, and includes (the answer to question No. 4) all fishing expenses, and in some cases may included small advances in cash. <Question No. 3>.--£1048, 19s. 111/2d. This answer includes rent paid for the men, and should be-- Cash advanced ....... £481 11 7 Rents paid, ............. 567 8 41/2 £1048 19 111/2 <Question No. 5.>--£2729, 8s. 71/2d. This sum includes £432 due for herrings to the 84 men mentioned in note on answer No. 1. <Question No. 6.>--£412, 1s. 21/2d. This includes the sum of £21, 5s. 61/2d. received from fishermen at settlement. <Question No. 7.>--All sums <due> to the fishermen were <paid> at settlement. <Question No. 8>.--This includes £432 paid to the 84 men mentioned in note on answer No. 1 for herrings.

TABLE III.--FAROE FISHING--SEASON 1867. [Page 27]

1. No. of Fishermen employed

2. Amount of Goods debited to Fishermen.

3. Cash advanced before Settlement.

4. Fishing Expenses charged to the Men.

5. Gross Sum credited to Men for Fish.

6. Gross Sum credited to them for Stock, etc.

7. Cash due to Fishermen at Settlement.

8. Cash paid to them at Settlement.

9.1. No. of Fishermen indebted at Settlement of 1866.

9.2. Total Debts

10.1. No. of Fishermen indebted at Settlement of 1867.

10.2. Total Debts 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 A, 47 £234 15 5.5 £141 6 0 B, 71 323 3 6.5 221 9 61/2 C, 41 221 11 0 196 18 11 D, 91 839 15 9.5 451 13 9 E, 11 20 10 9.5 13 15 0 F, 148 481 18 1.5 432 6 12 G, 31 122 0 3 80 8 2 H, 69 362 3 4 229 19 2 509 £2605 18 31/2 £1767 17 6 †J 28 163 10 11 51 7 2

4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 A, £46 17 9 £656 5 9 £0 0 0 B, 32 16 6.5 901 14 91/2 0 0 0 C, 42 5 7 457 16 0 98 11 8 D, 0 0 0* 1696 1 1 0 0 0 E, 16 12 7 98 5 91/2 2 18 9 F, 331 14 6 1667 8 4 44 12 7 G, 14 13 6 312 5 11 0 0 0 H, 29 16 0 828 15 10 0 0 0 £514 16 51/2 £6618 13 6 £146 3 0 †J £14 14 11 171 0 0 42 6 9

7 7 7 8 8 8 9.1 A, £183 15 01/2 £183 15 01/2 20 B, 294 11 11/2 294 11 11/2 31 C, 88 7 6 89 7 6 17 D, 478 4 11 478 4 11 55 E, 50 19 21/2 50 19 21/2 1 F, 443 11 9 373 9 01/2 34 G, 99 8 31/2 99 8 31/2 3 H, 265 10 11 265 10 11 58 £1904 8 9 £1835 6 01/2 219 †J 0 19 1 0 19 1 25

9.2 9.2 9.2 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.2 A, £81 5 81/2 8 £31 14 2 B, 164 1 101/2 23 134 7 10 C, 60 12 11 15 54 8 3 D, 307 0 4 22 141 16 01/2 E, 0 16 2 1 1 9 6 F, 164 0 2 26 133 13 91/2 G, 10 7 7 9 14 6 10 H, 232 1 4 21 58 13 7 £1020 6 1 125 £570 10 0 †J 86 5 5 28 137 7 41/2

*Under this head no fishing expenses were charged against the men's accounts. The only fishing expenses were bait, and curing of fish, which were deducted from the gross amount before division, as agreed upon. † This Return in for 1866. In 1866 there was a remarkably 'lean' Fishing.

TABLE IV.--FAROE FISHING--SEASON 1871. [Page 28]

1. No. of Fishermen employed 2. Amount of Goods debited to Fishermen. 3. Cash advanced before Settlement. 4. Fishing Expenses charged to the Men. 5. Gross Sum credited to Men for Fish. 6. Gross Sum credited to them for Stock, etc. 7. Cash paid to them at Settlement. 8. Cash paid to them at Settlement. 9.1. Total Debts 9.2. No. of Fishermen indebted at Settlement of 1870. 10.1. Total Debts 10.2. No. of Fishermen indebted at Settlement of 1871.

1 2 2 2 3 3 3 F, 139 £563 5 6 £618 6 11 A, 51 205 0 81/2 123 12 6 C, 57 358 2 2 284 11 2 D, 85 774 13 2 467 1 9 H, 125 775 14 11 216 5 1 J, 13 85 10 3 24 19 6 E, 23 104 18 91/2 94 14 10 G, 47 266 18 1 111 17 10 †B, 65 249 19 3 203 18 21/2 605 £3384 2 10 £2145 7 91/2

4 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 6 F, £556 0 4 £2093 2 9 £32 6 0 A, 26 4 31/2 331 5 1 0 0 0 C, 51 3 6 150 4 6 647 0 2 D, 0 0 0 1810 12 7 0 0 0 H, 45 19 1 942 0 0 0 0 0 J, 9 12 0 39 17 1 4 9 71/2 E, 14 2 1 204 6 31/4 33 0 3 G, 28 18 10 545 10 3 0 0 0 †B, 30 13 21/2 572 6 4 ... ... ... £762 13 4 £6689 4 101/4 £716 16 1/2

7 7 7 8 8 8 9.1 F, £473 16 2 £375 12 3 21 A, 69 19 6 69 19 6 2 C, 168 14 21/2 172 10 61/2 13 D, 589 9 10 589 9 10 7 H, 253 1 2 253 1 2 4 J, 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 E, 49 1 10 48 17 111/2 2 G, 166 19 41/2 165 5 9 0 †B, 210 1 11/2 210 1 11/2 1 £1981 3 21/2 £1984 18 11/2 53

9.2 9.2 9.2 10.1 10.2 10.2 10.2 F, £83 1 11 31 £174 19 9* A, 0 11 6 26 94 3 51/2 C, 59 2 7 28 128 5 3 D, 19 2 91/2 19 35 0 10 H, 10 4 0 65 349 0 3 J, 1 19 0 13 72 0 61/2 E, 5 5 111/2 10 33 11 53/4 G, 0 0 0 14 29 3 111/2 †B, 2 18 6 34 125 3 111/2 £182 6 3 240 £1041 9 53/4

* Of this sum, £174, 19s, 9d., there was due by 13 men, the crew of one unsuccessful vessel, £105, 14s. 4d. The fishery of 1871 was comparatively a failure, and left many of the men in debt; while the previous year was very good, and the men were nearly all clear. † Excluding the crew of one smack, the crew of which had not been settled with.

TABLE V.--HOME FISHING--SEASON 1867. [Page 29]

No. of Fishermen in Debt at Settlement of 1866, and Amount of Debts. 1.1. No. 1.2. Amount. 2. Fishing Expenses Charged to the Men. 3. Goods charged to the Men.

CASH. 4.1. Advanced to the Men before Settlement 4.2. Paid to them at Settlement.

5. Total Debits to Fishermen.

Gross Sums credited to the Men. 6.1. For Fish. 6.2. For Stock.

7. Total Credits to Fishermen.

No. of Fishermen in Debt at Settlement of 1867, and Amount Indebted. 8.1. No. 8.2. Amount. 8.3. Amount as per Statement. 8.4. Amount indebted in excess of Statement

9. No. of men engaged during the Year.

1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 2 2 2 A, 114 £1160 8 8 £367 1 5 B, 31 101 9 01/4 88 10 9 C, 17 27 17 4.5 51 15 0 D, 11 29 1 0 69 16 9 E, 25 59 11 9 465 10 0 F, 118 783 0 0 126 0 0 G, 6 45 19 4 H, 27 159 2 2 39 8 10 I, 29 £220 11 7 162 13 3 K, 6 £13 0 41/2 19 0 0 L, 6 25 7 51/4 45 0 0 M, 67 538 3 31/2 292 3 6 N, 22 74 18 0 331 1 4 O, 22 195 11 11 P, 15 70 7 8 Q, 6 9 16 4 12 9 7 R, 32 101 17 5 55 14 6 S, 7 20 16 5 56 13 5 T, 35 292 2 7 59 17 9 596 £3939 2 4 £2242 16 1

3 3 3 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.2 A, £1114 17 11 625 1 0 1444 7 1 B, 576 18 9 79 19 11 248 7 31/4 C, 339 18 81/4 118 12 31/2 30 10 21/2 D, 164 8 2 54 10 7 85 3 31/2 E, 765 10 1 280 13 6 834 6 3 F, 1006 5 1 537 6 5 G, 95 0 0 35 18 8 106 17 0 H, 248 2 1 153 11 8 342 7 1 I, 428 14 111/2 120 0 91/2 28 10 0 K, 124 15 10 15 0 0 159 17 10 L, 76 16 51/4 87 5 23/4 M, 881 0 31/2 190 5 6 294 17 11/2 N, 480 7 11 617 1 5 479 8 1 O, 288 12 9 172 3 4 216 14 81/2 P, 788 16 21/2 946 9 1 693 0 5 Q, 149 5 91/2 79 15 6 21 17 9 R, 354 5 1 128 18 9 125 3 8 S, 160 0 8 221 2 5 616 5 61/2 T, 563 8 7 153 6 7 351 9 2 £8617 5 31/2 £4529 16 9 £6066 7 81/2

5 5 5 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 A, £4711 16 1 £2594 2 81/2 £738 6 101/2 B, 1095 5 81/2 769 18 01/2 31 0 93/4 C, 578 13 63/4 338 14 01/4 92 4 9 D, 402 19 91/2 292 8 1 43 4 4 E, 2405 11 7 2233 10 10 F, 2452 11 6 863 10 10 213 13 0 G, 283 14 4 208 10 2 H, 942 11 10 866 0 2 304 14 0 I, 960 10 7 415 8 101/2 114 12 81/2 K, 331 14 01/2 286 6 0 L, 234 9 11/4 164 1 8 M, 2196 9 81/2 878 17 1 366 11 61/2 N, 1982 16 9 1763 12 61/2 100 13 10 O, 873 2 81/2 650 4 1 P, 2498 13 41/2 2063 18 01/2 284 0 01/2 Q, 273 4 111/2 174 5 11 50 4 91/2 R, 765 19 5 520 7 0 32 7 10 S, 1074 18 51/2 1054 6 111/2 T, 1320 4 8 861 11 8 91 8 0 £25385 8 2 £16999 14 81/4 £2463 2 61/4

7 7 7 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.2 A, £3332 9 7 143 £1379 6 6 B, 800 18 101/4 50 294 6 101/4 C, 430 18 91/4 35 147 14 91/2 D, 335 12 5 18 67 7 41/2 E, 2233 10 10 72 172 0 0 F, 1077 3 10 141 1375 7 8 G, 208 10 2 9 75 4 2 H, 1170 14 2 21 <228 2 4> I, 530 1 7 38 430 9 0 K, 286 6 0 8 45 8 01/2 L, 164 1 8 7 70 7 51/4 M, 1245 8 71/2 76 951 1 1 N, 1864 6 41/2 27 118 10 41/2 O, 650 4 1 19 222 18 71/2 P, 2347 18 1 41 150 15 31/2 Q, 224 10 81/2 16 48 14 3 R, 552 14 10 50 213 4 7 S, 1054 6 111/2 9 20 11 6 T, 952 19 8 52 367 5 0 £19462 18 21/2 832 £5922 10 111/2

8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.4 9 A, £1379 5 7 £0 0 11 191 B, 294 8 93/4 <0 1 111/2> 79 C, 150 17 101/2 <3 3 1> 48 D, 67 7 41/2 46 E, 172 1 9 <0 1 0> 244 F, 948 18 3 426 9 5 180 G, 87 19 7 <12 15 5> 23 H, 137 11 11 <365 14 3> 95 I, 401 12 31/2 28 16 81/2 52 K, 26 8 01/2 19 0 0 28 L, 26 14 63/4 43 12 101/2 30 M, 737 0 7 214 0 6 122 N, 122 15 81/2 <4 5 4> 189 O, 197 16 7 25 2 01/2 58 P, 150 16 31/2 <0 1 0> 209 Q, 48 14 31/2 <0 0 01/2> 31 R, 213 4 7 70 S, 24 10 2 <3 18 8> 122 T, 372 7 9 <5 2 9> 96 £5560 12 0 361 18 111/2 1913

*Where the amount is less than the Statement, the figures are noted in italics, and effect is given to these sums in the addition.

TABLE VI.--HOME FISHING--SEASON 1871. [Page 30]

No. of Fishermen in Debt at Settlement of 1870, and Amount of Debts. 1.1. No. 1.2. Amount.

2. Fishing Expenses Charged to the Men.

3. Goods charged to the Men.

CASH. 4.1. Advanced to the Men before Settlement. 4.2. Paid to them at Settlement.

5. Total Debits to Fishermen.

Gross Sums credited to the Men. 6.1. For Fish. 6.2. For Stock.

7. Total Credits to Fishermen.

No. of Fishermen in Debt at Settlement of 1871, and Amount Indebted. 8.1. No. 8.2. Amount to Balance. 8.3. Amount as per Statement. 8.4. Amount indebted in excess of Statement

9. No. of men engaged during the Year.

1.1 1.2 1.2 1.2 2 2 2 A, 105 £961 16 2 £274 10 1 B, 27 120 1 23/4 73 18 0 C, 30 141 19 01/4 49 10 6 D, 34 92 12 101/2 178 9 21/2 E, 17 36 17 2 540 10 11 F, 136 1433 12 11 99 0 0 G, 10 56 13 0 H, 25 244 0 1 163 18 9 I, 44 524 3 101/2 161 14 12 K, 5 18 1 7 6 0 0 R, 46 146 4 11 123 8 5 M, 82 858 7 51/2 459 12 31/2 O, 13 163 15 10 N, 31 125 9 3 324 17 41/2 S, 32 52 11 101/2 73 1 12 L, 7 50 11 103/4 46 0 0 644 £5026 19 13/4 £2574 12 51/2

U, £561 16 4 £50 4 8 T, 82 433 18 9 67 4 0 P, 48 274 0 10 774 £6296 15 03/4 £2692 1 11/2

3 3 3 4.1 4.1 4.1 4.2 4.2 4.2 A, £911 19 5 £809 16 8 £1842 8 4 B, 406 8 01/4 137 15 41/2 519 16 61/2 C, 308 16 1 103 19 61/2 176 0 8 D, 411 15 8 249 18 0 252 16 6 E, 634 0 6 251 0 4 1983 8 2 F, 735 2 2 640 3 1 235 8 4 G, 60 0 0 40 17 0 174 8 8 H, 260 12 4 182 16 1 376 14 8 I, 279 11 61/2 110 17 101/2 74 5 21/2 K, 65 11 111/2 23 0 0 15 16 11/2 R, 479 17 4 371 11 5 299 9 10 M, 1136 17 61/2 276 8 0 501 16 41/2 O, 108 6 5 55 0 6 219 13 7 N, 345 6 91/2 560 11 01/2 571 9 111/2 S, 107 14 8 110 14 11/2 333 15 41/2 L, 100 9 11 150 14 91/4 £6352 10 41/4 £3924 9 01/2 £7728 3 11/4

U, £1125 3 1 £658 5 21/2 £245 6 4 T, 1042 10 11 356 2 6 874 16 6 P, 788 1 21/2 1048 19 111/2 1305 10 71/2 £9308 5 63/4 £5987 16 81/2 £10153 16 63/4

5 5 5 6.1 6.1 6.1 6.2 6.2 6.2 A, £4800 10 8 £3101 14 3 £859 6 2 B, 1257 19 2 £1090 6 1 14 10 91/2 C, £780 5 93/4 578 0 21/2 115 2 83/4 D, 1185 12 3 999 3 9 33 3 61/2 E, 3445 17 1 3436 16 7 F, 3143 6 6 1330 1 7 335 12 0 G, 331 18 8 310 4 0 H, 1228 1 11 1151 11 4 197 3 11 I, 1150 13 51/2 623 4 8 60 8 6 K, 128 9 8 102 19 6 R, 1420 11 11 1124 10 5 35 11 6 M, 3233 1 8 1800 7 21/2 385 19 11/2 O, 546 16 4 337 15 3 N, 1927 14 5 1780 3 4 79 9 11 S, 677 18 0 625 6 3 L, 347 16 7 251 4 81/2 £25606 14 13/4 £18643 9 11/2 £2116 8 21/4

U, £2640 15 71/2 £1651 11 11/2 £417 16 6 T, 2774 12 8 1880 10 11 183 6 5 P, 3416 12 71/2 2729 8 71/2 412 1 21/2 £34438 15 01/4 £24904 19 91/2 £3129 12 33/4

7 7 7 8.1 8.2 8.2 8.2 A, £3961 0 5 133 £839 10 3 B, 1104 16 101/2 £35 153 2 £4 C, 693 2 111/4 22 87 2 101/2 D, 1032 7 31/2 48 153 4 111/2 E, 3436 16 7 9 9 0 6 F, 1665 13 7 99 1477 12 11 G, 310 4 0 5 21 14 8 H, 1348 15 3 25 <120 13 4> I, 683 13 2 37 467 0 31/2 K, 102 19 6 6 25 10 2 R, 1160 1 11 68 260 10 0 M, 2186 6 4 65 1046 15 4 O, 337 15 3 11 209 1 1 N, 1859 13 3 23 68 1 2 S, 625 6 3 21 52 11 9 L, 251 4 81/2 17 96 11 101/2 £20759 17 33/4 624 £4846 16 91/2

U, £2069 7 71/2 £571 8 0 T, 2063 17 4 68 710 15 4 P, 3141 9 10 44 275 2 91/2 £28034 12 11/4 736 £6404 2 11

8.3 8.3 8.3 8.4 8.4 8.4 9 A, £839 10 0 £0 0 3 217 B, 164 15 £9 <11 13 51/2> 79 C, 94 16 93/4 <7 13 111/4> 46 D, 153 4 111/2 100 E, 9 0 6 260 F, 1215 4 4 262 8 7 144 G, 23 10 0 <1 15 4> 23 H, 232 18 8 <353 12 0> 103 I, 452 9 11 14 10 41/2 60 K, 19 10 2 6 0 0 12 R, 260 10 0 142 M, 657 17 21/2 388 18 11/2 147 O, 140 6 0 68 15 1 36 N, 88 3 2 <20 2 0> 185 S, 48 6 11/2 4 5 71/2 66 L, 36 17 71/4 59 14 31/4 30 £4437 1 21/2 £409 15 £7 1650

U, £606 18 11/2 <35 10 11/2> 150 T, 710 5 10 0 9 6 126 P, 275 2 91/2 281 £6029 7 111/2 £374 14 111/2 2207

*Where the amount is less than the Statement, the figures are noted in italics, and effect is given to these sums in the addition. _______________________________

[Page 31] PRICES AT THE SHOPS OF FISH-CURERS.

Of an inquiry regarding the existence and effects of Truck, the quality and prices of the goods furnished by the employer in lieu of money forms a necessary part. In Lerwick, as might be expected, competition, and the greater facility of communication with other places, have kept the prices of the necessaries of life at a moderate figure.

No complaints were made as to prices there, and it was thought unnecessary to make a minute investigation. Evidence was taken, however, for the purpose of comparing the prices of meal and flour as sold in Lerwick with those charged at the fish-curers' shops in the country districts. It is a fact of some significance, that few persons above the condition of peasants purchase supplies for family use from the shops in Shetland. Provisions and groceries, as well as clothing are to a large extent imported by private individuals from Aberdeen, Leith, and Edinburgh. The Rev. Mr. Sutherland says that he gets his goods twice a year from the south, and does not deal with any local shop, unless he happens to be out of a particular article; and that, so far as he knows, it is common for clergymen and others in the same position to get their supplies from the south:

'7570. Why is that done?-I cannot afford to buy articles here; they are too dear for me. My stipend would not afford to pay for them.' '7571. Do you know if the same reason operates in the case of your fellow clergymen?-I don't know; but they have often spoken about it. In the first place, I hold the goods to be, as might be expected, inferior in quality to the goods I would like. I don't blame the merchants for not having goods of better quality, because their customers perhaps would not be in the way of buying them; but I could not afford to buy from the merchants here, in consequence of the tremendous percentage which they charge upon their goods.'

[C. Robertson, 15,017; J. Robertson, sen., 14,072.]

Statements to the same effect are made by the Rev. D. Miller, United Presbyterian minister at Mossbank, and the Rev. W. Smith, minister of Unst. [6001; 10,714.]

Many witnesses complained that prices are higher at the 'shops' than at Lerwick. Thus the leading witness from Dunrossness said that oatmeal at Mr. Bruce's shop at Grutness was 4s. a boll (140 lbs.), or 8s. per sack or quarter, above its price in Lerwick. [L. Mail, 568.]

GRUTNESS

The prices charged here are much too high; and this arises not merely from the want of the check of competition, as regards the men thirled to the shop by want of money to deal elsewhere, but also from the very peculiar way in which the prices are fixed. This may possibly be explained by the fact that neither Mr. Bruce nor his shopkeeper have been properly trained to the business of the shop, which has been taken up as an appendage of the fish trade. Gilbert Irvine, the shopkeeper, was unable to give any very clear explanation of the way in which the price of meal at Grutness is fixed, and why the men never knew the price of it until the settlement. [G. Irvine, 13,173.] But Mr. Bruce says:

'13,306. In what way do you fix the average price of meal for the year?--We take what other people are charging in Lerwick and elsewhere; and after considering the quality of the meal, and our extra expense upon it, we charge what we think it can reasonably bring, without any regard to the cost price of it.' '13,307. Do you not take the cost price into consideration at all?- Of course it is an element, but not the principal element, in fixing the price.'

This loose method of proceeding may account for the complaints of the price made by all the men, who were quite satisfied with the quality. No man deals at the store at Grutness who can possibly get money to buy his goods elsewhere, and Mr. Bruce himself speaks of the shop as a necessity for the fishing, and not a source of profit in itself. The price of meal was ascertained by William Goudie to be at least 3s. per boll above, the price elsewhere. There is also at Grutness an ambiguity about weight -pecks being sold by 'lispund weight,' <i.e.> 4 to 32 lbs., instead of boll weight, <i.e.> 4 to 35 lbs. = quarter boll. The price of oatmeal for the whole of 1870 was 22s. at Grutness, which was the highest price it attained in Lerwick for a very short time after the breaking out of the French war. During by far the greater part of the year, it varied at Lerwick from 17s. 3d. to 19s. It is instructive to compare the price at Grutness with a note of the prices charged by Mr. Gavin Henderson at Scousbrough, three miles distant, where no fishermen are bound to the shopkeeper or engaged by him. This note (p. 319 of Evidence) brings out an average of 18s. 3d. per boll on all Mr. Henderson's sales for that year. Comparison of Mr. Henderson's note of prices for that year with Mr. Charles Robertson's (p. 378), shows that a merchant carrying on business twenty miles from Lerwick can sell his meal as cheaply as merchants there are in the practice of doing. Mr. Bruce's own invoices show that his meal for the season 1870 was purchased at an average price of 16s. 8d. per boll, and that out of the whole supply of 171 bolls, all but 25 bolls was bought at 16s. 3d. and under. The freight from Aberdeen to Grutness he states to be 1s. 5d. per boll. Thus 16s. 8d. +1s. 5d. = 18s. 1d., leaving 3s. 11d. for profit and risk, or about 22 per cent. But Mr. Bruce explains that, as his shop is not conducted on purely commercial principles, but as an auxiliary to the fishing, this is all required to cover expenses of management. It is nevertheless very expensive for the retail purchasers. 2 lb. lines at Grutness are sold for 2s. 2d.; at Mr. Henderson's, for 2s. Tea, of which Shetlanders consume a large quantity, and of which they are said to be good judges, is said by one witness to be from 4d. to 8d. dearer per lb. at Boddam, where there is a shop of Mr. Bruce's, than at Lerwick or Gavin Henderson's, a shop in the neighbourhood; cotton to be 2d. a yard dearer, and tobacco 1d. or 2d. a quarter lb. The evidence of Mr. Charles Fleming shows that some cotton stuffs, pieces of which were obtained at the shop at Grutness, and which were said by Mr. Irvine to be sold at 41/2d., 8d., and 1s. a yard respectively, were worth in retail very much less than these prices.

[J. Bruce, jun., H. Mailand, 4858; W. Goudie, 4317; G. Irvine, 13, 259; J. Brown, 5300; H. Gilbertson, 4551; C. Robertson, 15,040; J. Robertson, sen., 14,587; T. Aitken, 4833; G. Irvine, 13,224; J. Bruce, jun., 13, 319; G. Irvine, 13,291; R. Henderson, 12,877; R. Halcrow, 4663; C. Fleming, 17,042; G. Irvine, 13,200.]

QUENDALE

The general import of the evidence as to Mr. Grierson's shop at Quendale is that the prices are not so high as at Grutness, but higher (2s. or 3s per boll for meal than those at Gavin Henderson's at Scousborough and even than those at Messrs. Hay & Co.'s at Dunrossness. Here the prices of fishing lines are-2 lb., 2s. 3d.; 21/2 lb., 2s. 6d; 13/4 lb., 2s.; 11/2 lb., 1s. 9d. At Gavin Henderson's, 2 lb., 2s.; 21/4lb., 2s. 3d.

[J. Flawes, 4978; C. Eunson, 5067; G. Goudie, 13,392; R. Henderson, 12,877.]

MOSSBANK

The difference between prices at Mossbank and Lerwick has been not less than 4s. or 4s. 6d. per boll, although Mr. Pole (5962) says that in general the difference is from 1s. 6d. to 2s. per boll. The difference between Mossbank prices for meal and the shop of Magnus Johnston at Tofts, a mile distant, is said by Johnston to be a penny a peck, or 1s. 5d. per boll. At the shop of the same firm at Greenbank, in North Yell, the price of meal was 5s. 8d. per lispund (32 lbs.) in the summer of 1871-<i.e.> about 24s. 6d. per boll, while in Lerwick it ranged at 21s. 6d. Similar differences exist there as regards other articles, such as tea and sugar.

[J. Henderson, 5514; J. Nicholson, 8738; M. Johnston, 7897; J.L. Pole, 9396, J. Nicholson, 8736.]

HAY & CO.'S SHOPS

From Burra, Whalsay, and the other establishments of Messrs. Hay & Co., no complaints as to prices were made. Some of their stations are so near Lerwick that they must sell as low as possible, in order to secure the custom of the men. It is said that at Fetlar, one of their most remote stations, the goods are as cheap and good as at Lerwick. The books kept at Fetlar show sales of meal in July last at 23s., in August at 22s. 8d., and in September at 21s.; while in these months the prices in Lerwick were-July, 21s. 6d.; August, 21s.; September, 21s. In Fetlar, Messrs. Hay & Co. have the only large shop. At North Roe (Hay & Co.), the most remote shop on the mainland, the price of meal per boll, at the beginning of the fishing season of 1871, was only 6d. or 1s. higher than at Lerwick at the same date, according as the purchase spoken to by a witness was made in April or May. It seems to be a fair conclusion from the evidence that this firm does not, as a rule, charge high prices. No complaint has been made with respect to quality.

[W. Irvine, 3715; Catherine Petrie, 1458; G. Gaunson, 8887; J. Garriock, 8766; A. Ratter, 7400; C. Robertson, 15,040; T. Aitken, 4836.]

VOE

The establishment of Mr. Adie at Voe (Olnafirth) is one of the largest in Shetland. No specimens were obtained from it for examination; but the oral evidence as to the provisions sold there may be briefly referred to. Mr. Adie himself admits that the cost of carriage necessarily enhances prices at Voe, and that meal is therefore generally 2s. per boll dearer than at Lerwick. A witness who lately went to live there, however, paid 1s. 5d. per peck for meal which he would have got in Lerwick for 1s. 2d., or five months ago for 1s. 3d. This is a difference not of 2s., but of 4s. per boll; and although the witness Gilbert Scollay impressed me unfavourably by the manner of his evidence, there is much to corroborate his statement with regard to his dealings with the shop at Voe. He says that -

'Ultimately I wrote to the meal dealers in the south, and I found that there was a difference of 10s. on the sack of meal; that, upon 12 sacks, would have been a saving of £6 alone.'

[T.M. Adie, 5699; R. Mouat, 4240; C. Robertson, 15,040.]

Of course 2s. 6d., or in winter, according to Mr. Adie, 5s. per sack, must be deducted from this difference for freight. Again, on April 21, 1868, meal being 26s. 6d. per boll see or 1s. 7d. per peck, was sold at Voe at 1s. 9d. per peck.

[See G. Scollay, 14,975; C. Robertson, 15,040.]

R. MOUAT'S SHOP

The worst accounts are given of the meal kept at the shop of Robert Mouat, Sandwick, formerly referred to. Henry Sinclair says that 'the greater part of it was fit for nothing but the pigs.' What he called his second flour, says another witness, 'was of such a quality that it could not be eaten by human beings;' but,' he adds, 'it had to be eaten for the support of life while it existed.'

[5330; M. Malcolmson, 3013, 3014; W. Manson, 3039; T. Williamson, 9470; J. Robertson, jun., 15,186.]

BURRAVOE

Gilbert Robertson, a boatskipper and an elder of the kirk, gets his supplies in Lerwick, because he found flour to be 2s. per sack, and meal 3s. or 4s. a sack, cheaper than Burravoe, a place to which there has for some years been steam communication from Lerwick twice a week.

[9320]

UNST

In Unst a witness got meal from Spence & Co., at the date of the sitting there, at 1s. 5d. per peck, or as nearly as possible 24s. 11/2d. per boll, allowing 1/2d. a peck for loss in weighing; the price in Lerwick being 19s. 6d. per boll, or 131/2d. a peck. During almost the whole of the previous year the same price was charged there, though it was sometimes 1s. 4d.; and 1s. 4d. was the price of the same meal at Isbister's adjacent shop. The books kept at Balta Sound show that meal was being sold at 5s. 8d. and 5s, 9d. per lispund, or above 24s. per boll, in October 1871, while the price in Lerwick in that month was 19s. 6d. per boll. An opinion is expressed by the registrar of the parish Unst, that the 2s. 6d. tea he gets in Lerwick is 'much about the same as the 3s. tea which he gets from Spence & Co. at Balta Sound. But a favourable report upon Spence & Co.'s 3s. tea sold to me is afterwards referred to.

[Janet Robertson, 9812; C, Robertson, 15,042; J. Laurenson, 9843, 9905; W. G. Mouat, 10,254; C. Robertson, 15,040; P. Johnson, 10,227.] SKERRIES

At Skerries, where Mr. Adie has the shop, and is tacksman of the islands, meal is said to be charged 7s. a sack higher than it is in Lerwick; and an instance is given in which 6s. a sack was paid for it, while it could have been had from any merchant in Lerwick for 50s. or 51s. In January of the present year the price was 1s, 4d. per peck, or 23s. per per boll, at Skerries, being 19s. 6d., or 1s. 11/2d. per peck, at Lerwick. A similar difference existed in spring 1871. All articles at Skerries are stated to be over-priced, such as soap, soda, and sugar, which can be got much cheaper even at Whalsay, where Hay & Co. have a shop. On soda the overcharge is said to be 50 per cent.

[T. Hutchison, 12,658; J. Robertson, sen., 14,569; P. Henderson, 12,756; D. Anderson, 12,795; A. Humphrey, 12,826; T. Hutchison, 12,685.]

VIDLIN

Although Mr. Robertson carries on an extensive trade in meal at Lerwick, and there sells at town prices, his shopkeeper at Vidlin, in Lunnasting, charges about the ordinary prices of the country shops. A pass-book produced by a witness shows meal charged at 22s. 8d. and 22s. in September 1870, when the Lerwick price was 19s. The difference, however, does not appear to be so great here as at some other places. Thus in February 1870 meal was 1s. 11/2 d. per peck, being 1s. per peck at Lerwick. In June 1871 overhead flour was sold at Voe at 1s. 3d. per peck; the price at Lerwick being 16s. 6d. per boll, or 1s. per peck, or for the finer quality of overhead flour, about 1s. 11/2 d. per peck.

[L. Simpson, 13,884; G. Scollay, 15,013; C. Robertson, 15,032; G. Scollay, 15,010; 15,012; C. Robertson, 15,037, 15,043.]

YELL, OLLABERRY, ETC

Prices charged by some other merchants may be mentioned at random. Laurence Williamson, Mid Yell, sold meal in August 1871 at 3s. per 1/2 lispund, or about 25s. per boll, the Lerwick price being then 21s. At Ollaberry shop (Anderson & Co.) 21/4 lines are charged 2s. 3d. cash, and 2s. 6d. if marked down, while they are got by a witness direct from Glasgow 'for 1s. 11d., including freight and everything.' In 1871 men fishing for William Jack Williamson at Ulsta, South Yell, paid 1s. 3d. for flour, while there was as good at Messrs. Hay's at Feideland, a remote fishing station, for 1s. 1d. Paraffin oil in Unst was retailed in January at the rate of 2s. 6d. per gallon, being purchased at 1s. 5d.

[L. Williamson, 9068; A. Johnson, 14,933, G. Gilbertson, 9583.]

These are but a few instances of the statements of witnesses with regard to the prices and qualities of goods. They appear to show that the truck system of Shetland resembles the truck of the English and Scotch mining and manufacturing districts in enhancing the prices of goods to the purchasers. This is the natural result of a system in which the purchaser has no option as to the dealer to whom he goes for necessary supplies; but it must also be remembered that in retail trade in rural districts custom has a powerful effect in fixing prices, and that even if truck did not exist, prices in so remote a region would be somewhat above the level of Aberdeen or Wick.

I conclude this part of the subject by referring to the evidence of Mr. James Lewis, an extensive and experienced merchant in Edinburgh, as to the price and quality of certain samples of goods submitted to him. The goods were purchased at the shops of Messrs. Pole, Hoseason, & Co., Mossbank, by a person employed by me, and that of Mr. Morgan Laurenson, Lochend, Northmaven, by Charlotte Johnson, for her own use; and at Messrs. Spence & Co.'s shop at Uyea Sound, by myself.

[A.T. Jamieson, 7945; C. Johnson, 15,811.]

MOSSBANK

The four articles first spoken to by Mr. Lewis were got at Mossbank. The meal was of very inferior quality, not saleable in the Canongate of Edinburgh; and though bought at 1s. 5d. a peck = £1, 4s. 6d. per boll, is valued at 20s. This corresponds exactly with the Shetland evidence as to value. Tea bought at 2s. 10d. is valued at 2s. 4d. as the retail price in Edinburgh, which gives 211/2 per cent. to cover carriage, risk, and <additional> profit. A tea bought at Mossbank at 2s. 4d. is of the same value as the 2s. 10d. tea, though somewhat different 'in style.' Sugar obtained at Mossbank at 6d. per lb. is worth 41/2d. in retail in Canongate, so that the merchant in Shetland takes 33 per cent. to cover carriage and <extra> profit.

[J. Lewis, 16,816.]

UYEASOUND.

Tea bought at 2s. 8d. is valued at 2s. 6d. here; and Mr. Lewis thinks 2s. 10d. would be a fair value for it in Shetland, being a good tea, and carrying, according to the practice of the trade, a larger profit. Sugar bought at 5d. is valued at 41/2d.

LOCHEND.

Tea, for which the witness paid 4s. 4d., is valued at 3s., and though by far the best of the teas examined, was much over-priced. Loaf-sugar at 10d. should have cost only 6d., and would be too dear at 8d. even in Shetland. Flour bought at 2d. per lb. is not fit for use, and is not flour at all in the opinion of the reporter. Rice at 31/2d. per lb. is fairish; would sell at 21/2d. in Canongate, and might fairly be sold at 3d. in Shetland. Soap bought at 6d. per lb. was worth 4d., so far as Mr. Lewis could judge of it in a dry state.

Tobacco sold at Grutness at 4d. per oz., and another sample sold at Gavin Henderson's, Dunrossness, at 4d. per oz., are both valued at 4s. per lb., or 3d. per oz.

Throughout the islands the prices charged to the men in account are the same, with few exceptions, as those charged to the purchaser for cash. Mr. Adie gives a discount where the amount purchased is worth discounting, but he also usually gives a discount of 5 per cent. upon his men's accounts. In Unst a lower price seems to be charged where cash is paid.

[W. Irvine, 3625; A. Tulloch, 5446; J.L. Pole, 9440, 9448; W. Robertson, 11,111, 13,635; W.B.M. Harrison, 15,726; L.F.U. Garriock, 12,295; T.M. Adie, 5636; J. Harper, 10,393; T. Anderson, 10,507.] __________________________________

SPLITTERS, BEACH-BOYS, AND WOMEN.

WAGES SETTLED IN GOODS

The fishermen hitherto spoken of are not strictly labourers receiving wages, but may be regarded as vendors of wet fish to the fish-merchant, or less properly as partners with him. But to persons employed in curing fish, wages are paid, and are often paid in goods to their full amount. In the payment of these persons, especially the women and boys, undisguised truck exists to an extent not exceeded in any of the trades in which the system has been carried to the highest perfection; but the important distinction is to be observed, that little or no compulsion or influence is required to make the work-people take the goods.

WEEKLY PAYMENTS, CURING BY CONTRACT

In some of the curing establishments at Lerwick the pays are as frequent as it is reasonably possible to make them. The people are paid every week; but in nine cases out of ten a large part of their weekly wages is anticipated in supplies at the employer's shop. This of course involves an amount of time and trouble, and a risk of bad debts, which no merchant would incur, except for a large profit, and which indeed led Messrs. Harrison & Sons to refuse altogether to give 'out-takes' to work-people of this class. The wages are, however, paid at Lerwick, and some of the people spend their money at the shops of the firm, which adjoin the pay-office. At Scalloway, where Messrs. Garriock & Co. have no shop, they employ persons at daily wages, which are paid weekly, or within the fortnight. But the habit of running accounts is so inveterate in Shetlanders that 'often what they have to get on the Saturday night is forestalled in the shops.' In contracts for curing, which are sometimes made, Messrs. Garriock & Co. have no dealings with the work-people employed by the contractors, but make such advances as are necessary to them in money. It is not always so where curing is ostensibly done by contract. Thus, in Unst, many of the work-people employed by a contractor at Westing have accounts in the shop-books of Spence & Co. at Uyea Sound; settlements being effected, and sometimes advances made, by the merchants themselves on the authority of lines given by the contractor, stating the amount of the beach fee. The balance due is ascertained in the merchant's books, after deducting the amount due by the contractor for his own supplies at the shop.

[W.B.M. Harrison, 15,772; J. Manson, 2941; L.F.U. Garriock, 12,445, 12,443; A. Sandison, 10,108; P. Smith, 10,344.]

BEACH FEES

These are the cases in which exceptional circumstances are found in dealings between merchants and persons employed at the beaches. Throughout Shetland the most common arrangement is to pay splitters and beach-boys or women by a beach fee, which varies from £8 or £10 for the season to an experienced head curer, to 30s. to a beach-boy in his first year. Sometimes extra hands are paid weekly wages as day-workers. But even in these cases advances are generally made in goods; and sometimes, as at Mossbank and Greenbank, the account runs 'three, four, five, or six weeks or perhaps the whole season.' In a passage already quoted from the evidence of an extensive employer, it is made very clear that these people, in whatever way they are paid, are 'expected' to come to the employer for supplies.

[W. Pole, 5917; p. 14, see above.]

The operation of truck in this department is shown in the examination of Mr. Robertson, manager for Mr. Leask, who employs 80 persons regularly, and others occasionally, in his curing establishments near Lerwick. Mr. Robertson afterwards produced a 'time-book' for the people employed at Sound Beach, near Lerwick,