Chapter XXIX: Part 29

Brood (?), v.t. 1. To sit over, cover, and cherish; as, a hen broods her chickens. 2. To cherish with care. [R.] 3. To think anxiously or moodily upon. You'll sit and brood your sorrows on a throne. Dryden. Brood¶y (?), a. Inclined to brood. Ray. Brook (?), n. [OE. brok, broke, brook, AS. brÓc; akin to D. broek, LG. brÓk, marshy ground, OHG. pruoh, G. bruch marsh; prob. fr. the root of E. break, so as that it signifies water breaking through the earth, a spring or brook, as well as a marsh. See Break, v.t.] A natural stream of water smaller than a river or creek. The Lord thy God bringeth thee into a good land, a land of brooks of water. Deut.viii.7. Empires itself, as doth an inland brook Into the main of waters. Shak. Brook, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brooked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brooking.] [OE. broken, bruken, to use, enjoy, digest, AS. br?can; akin to D. gebruiken to use, OHG. pr?hhan, G. brauchen, gebrauchen, Icel. br?ka, Goth. br?kjan, and L. frui, to enjoy. Cf. Fruit, Broker.] 1. To use; to enjoy. [Obs.] Chaucer. 2. To bear; to endure; to put up with; to tolerate; as, young men can not brook restraint. Spenser. Shall we, who could not brook one lord, Crouch to the wicked ten? Macaulay. 3. To deserve; to earn. [Obs.] Sir J.Hawkins. Brook¶ite (?), n. [Named from the English mineralogist, H.J.Brooke.] (Min.) A mineral consisting of titanic oxide, and hence identical with rutile and octahedrite in composition, but crystallizing in the orthorhombic system. Brook¶let (?), n. A small brook. Brook¶lime· (?), n. (Bot.) A plant (Veronica Beccabunga), with flowers, usually blue, in axillary racemes. The American species is V. Americana. [Formerly written broklempe or broklympe.] Brook¶ mint· (?). (Bot.) See Water mint. Brook¶side· (?), n. The bank of a brook. Brook¶weed· (?), n. (Bot.) A small whiteÐflowered herb (Samolus Valerandi) found usually in wet places; water pimpernel. Broom (?), n. [OE. brom, brome, AS. brÓm; akin to LG. bram, D. brem, OHG. br¾mo broom, thorn?bush, G. brombeere blackberry. Cf. Bramble, n.] 1. (Bot.) A plant having twigs suitable for makingÿbrooms to sweep with when bound together; esp., the Cytisus scoparius of Western Europe, which is a low shrub with long, straight, green, angular branches, mintue leaves, and large yellow flowers. No gypsy cowered o'er fires of furze and broom. Wordsworth. 2. An implement for sweeping floors, etc., commonly made of the panicles or tops of broom corn, bound together or attached to a long wooden handle; Ð so called because originally made of the twigs of the broom. Butcher's broom, a plant (Ruscus aculeatus) of the Smilax family, used by butchers for brooms to sweep their blocks; Ð called also knee holly. See Cladophyll. Ð Dyer's broom, a species of mignonette (Reseda luteola), used for dyeing yellow; dyer's weed; dyer's rocket. Ð Spanish broom. See under Spanish. Broom, v.t. (Naut.) See Bream. Broom¶ corn· (?). (Bot.) A variety of Sorghum vulgare, having a joined stem, like maize, rising to the height of eight or ten feet, and bearing its seeds on a panicle with long branches, of which brooms are made. Broom¶ rape· (?). (Bot.) A genus (Orobanche) of parasitic plants of Europe and Asia. They are destitute of chlorophyll, have scales instead of leaves, and spiked flowers, and grow attached to the roots of other plants, as furze, clover, flax, wild carrot, etc. The name is sometimes applied to other plants related to this genus, as Aphyllon uniflorumand A. Ludovicianum. Broom¶staff· (?), n. A broomstick. [Obs.] Shak. Broom¶stick· (?), n. A stick used as a handle of a broom. Broom¶y (?), a. Of or pertaining to broom; overgrowing with broom; resembling broom or a broom. If land grow mossy or broomy. Mortimer. Brose (?), n. [CF. Gael. brothas. Cf. Brewis, Broth.] Pottage made by pouring some boilingÿliquid on meal (esp. oatmeal), and stirring it. It is called beef brose, water brose, etc., according to the name of the liquid (beef broth, hot water, etc.) used. [Scot.] Brot¶el (?), a. Brittle. [Obs.] Chaucer. Brot¶elÏness, n. Brittleness. [Obs.] Chaucer. Broth (?), n. [AS. bro?; akin to OHG. brod, brot; cf. Ir. broth, Gael. brot. û93. Cf. Brewis, Brew.] Liquid in which flesh (and sometimes other substances, as barley or rice) has been boiled; thin or simple soup. I am sure by your unprejudiced discourses that you love broth better than soup. Addison. Broth¶el (?), n. [OE. brothel, brodel, brethel, a prostitute, a worthless fellow, fr. AS. ber¢?an to ruin, destroy; cf. AS. bre¢tan to break, and E. brittle. The term brothel house was confused with bordel brothel. CF. Bordel.] A house of lewdness or ill fame; a house frequented by prostitutes; a bawdyhouse. Broth¶elÏer (?), n. One who frequents brothels. Broth¶elÏry (?), n. Lewdness; obscenity; a brothel. B.Jonson. Broth¶er (?), n.; pl. Brothers (?) or Brethren (?). See Brethren. [OE. brother, AS. brÓ?or; akin to OS. brothar, D. broeder, OHG. pruodar, G. bruder, Icel. brÓ?ir, Sw. & Dan. broder, Goth. brÓ?ar, Ir. brathair, W. brawd, pl. brodyr, Lith. brolis, Lett. brahlis, Russ. brat', Pol. & Serv. brat, OSlav. brat?, L. frater, Skr. bhr¾t?, Zend. bratar brother, Gr. ?, ?, a clansman. The common plural is Brothers; in the solemn style, Brethren, OE. pl. brether, bretheren, AS. dat. sing. brÇ?er, nom. pl. brÓ?or, brÓ?ru. û258. Cf. Frair, Fraternal.] 1. A male person who has the same father and mother with another person, or who has one of them only. In the latter case he is more definitely called a half brother, or brother of the half blood. Two of us in the churchyard lie, My sister and my brother. Wordsworth. 2. One related or closely united to another by some common tie or interest, as of rank, profession, membership in a society, toil, suffering, etc.; Ð used among judges, clergymen, monks, physicians, lawers, professors of religion, etc. ½A brother of your order.¸ Shak. We few, we happy few, we band of brothers, For he toÐday that sheds his blood with me Shall be my brother. Shak. 3. One who, or that which, resembles another in distinctive qualities or traits of character. He also that is slothful in his work is brother to him that is a great waster. Prov.xviii.9. That April morn Of this the very brother. Wordsworth. µ In Scripture, the term brother is applied to a kinsman by blood more remote than a son of the same parents, as in the case of Abraham and Lot, Jacob and Laban. In a more general sense, brother or brethren is used for fellowÐmanÿor fellowÐmen. For of whom such massacre Make they but of their brethren, men of men? Milton. Brother Jonathan, a humorous designation for the people of the United States collectively. The phrase is said to have originated from Washington's referring to the patriotic Jonathan Trumbull, governor of Connecticut, as ½Brother Jonathan.¸ Ð Blood brother. See under Blood. Broth¶er (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brothered (?).] To make a brother of; to call or treat as a brother; to admit to a brotherhood. Sir W.Scott. Broth¶er ger¶man (?). (Law) A brother by both the father's and mother's side, in contradistinction to a uterine brother, one by the mother only. Bouvier. Broth¶erÏhood (?), n. [Brother + Ïhood.] 1. The state of being brothers or a brother. 2. An association for any purpose, as a society of monks; a fraternity. 3. The whole body of persons engaged in the same business, Ð especially those of the same profession; as, the legal or medical brotherhood. 4. Persons, and, poetically, things, of a like kind. A brotherhood of venerable trees. Wordsworth. Syn. - Fraternity; association; fellowship; sodality. Broth¶erÐinÐlaw· (?), n.; pl. BrothersÐinÏlaw (?). The brother of one's husband or wife; also, the husband of one's sister; sometimes, the husband of one's wife's sister. Broth¶erÏliÏness (?), n. The state or quality of being brotherly. Broth¶erÏly (?), a. Of or pertaining to brothers; such as is natural for brothers; becoming to brothers; kind; affectionate; as, brotherly love. Syn. - Fraternal; kind; affectionate; tender. Broth¶erÏly, adv. Like a brother; affectionately; kindly. ½I speak but brotherly of him.¸ Shak. Broud¶ed (?), p.a. Braided; broidered. [Obs.] Alle his clothes brouded up and down. Chaucer. Brough¶am (?), n. A light, close carriage, with seats inside for two or four, and the fore wheels so arranged as to turn short. Brow (?), n. [OE. browe, bruwe, AS. br?; akin to AS. br?w, bre w, eyelid, OFries. brÇ, D. braauw, Icel. br¾, br?n, OHG. pr¾wa, G. braue, OSlav. br?v?, Russ. brove, Ir. brai, Ir. & Gael. abhra, Armor. abrant, Gr. ?, Skr. bhr?. Cf. Bray a bank, Bridge.] 1. The prominent ridge over the eye, with the hair that covers it, forming an arch above the orbit. And his arched brow, pulled o'er his eyes, With solemn proof proclaims him wise. Churchill. 2. The hair that covers the brow (ridge over the eyes); the eyebrow. 'T is not your inky brows, your brack silk hair. Shak. 3. The forehead; as, a feverish brow. Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow. Shak. 4. The general air of the countenance. To whom thus Satan with contemptuous brow. Milton. He told them with a masterly brow. Milton. 5. The edge or projecting upper aprt of a steep place; as, the brow of a precipice; the brow of a hill. To bend the brow, To knit the brows, to frown; to scowl. Brow, v.t. To boundÿto limit; to be at, or form, the edge of. [R.] Tending my flocks hard by i' the hilly crofts That brow this bottom glade. Milton. Brow¶beat· (?), v.t. [imp. Browbeat; p.p. Browbeaten (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browbeating.] To depress or bear down with haughty, stern looks, or with arrogant speech and dogmatic assertions; to abash or disconcert by impudent or abusive words or looks; to bully; as, to browbeat witnesses. My grandfather was not a man to be browbeaten. W.Irving. Brow¶beat·ing, n. The act of bearing down, abashing, or disconcerting, with stern looks, suspercilious manners, or confident assertions. The imperious browbeating and scorn of great men. L'Estrange. Brow¶bound· (?), a. Crowned; having the head encircled as with a diadem. Shak. Browd¶yng (?), n. Embroidery. [Obs.] Of goldsmithrye, of browdying, and of steel. Chaucer. Browed (?), a. Having (such) a brow; Ð used in composition; as, darkÐbrowed, sternÐbrowed. Brow¶less (?), a. Without shame. L.Addison. Brown (?), a. [Compar. Browner (?); superl. Brownest.] [OE. brun, broun, AS. br?n; akin to D. bruin, OHG. br?n, Icel. br?nn, Sw. brun, Dan. bruun, G. braun, Lith. brunas, Skr. babhru. û93, 253. Cf. Bruin, Beaver, Burnish, Brunette.] Of a dark color, of various shades between black and red or yellow. Cheeks brown as the oak leaves. Longfellow. Brown Bess, the old regulation flintlock smoothbore musket, with bronzed barrel, formerly used in the British army. Ð Brown bread. (a) Dark colored bread; esp. a kind made of unbolted wheat flour, sometimes called in the United States Graham bread. ½He would mouth with a beggar though she smelt brown bread and garlic.¸ Shak. (b) Dark colored bread made of rye meal and Indian meal, or of wheat and rye or Indian; rye and Indian bread. [U.S.] Ð Brown coal, wood coal. See Lignite. Ð Brown hematitre or Brown iron ore (Min.), the hydrous iron oxide, limonite, which has a brown streak. See Limonite. Ð Brown holland. See under Holland. Ð Brown paper, dark colored paper, esp. coarse wrapping paper, made of unbleached materials. Ð Brown sparÿ(Min.), a ferruginous variety of dolomite, in part identical with ankerite. Ð Brown stone. See Brownstone. Ð Brown stout, a strong kind of proter or malt liquor. Ð Brown study, a state of mental abstraction or serious reverie. W.Irving. Brown, n. A dark color inclining to red or yellow, resulting from the mixture of red and black, or of red, black, and yellow; a tawny, dusky hue. Brown, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Browned (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browning.] 1. To make brown or dusky. A trembling twilight o'er welkin moves, Browns the dim void and darkens deep the groves. Barlow. 2. To make brown by scorching slightly; as, to brown meat or flour. 3. To give a bright brown color to, as to gun barrels, by forming a thin coat of oxide on their surface. Ure. Brown, v.i. To become brown. Brown¶back· (?), n. (Zo”l.) The dowitcher or redÐbreasted snipe. See Dowitcher. Brown¶ bill· (?). [Brown + bill cuttingÿtool.] A bill or halberd of the 16th and 17th centuries. See 4th Bill. Many time, but for a sallet, my brainp?n had been cleft with a brown bill. Shak. µ The black, or as it is sometimes called, the brown bill, was a kind of halberd, the cutting part hooked like a woodman's bill, from the back of which projected a spike, and another from the head. Grose. Brown¶iÏan (?), a. Pertaining to Dr. Robert Brown, who first demonstrated (about 1827) the commonness of the motion described below. Brownian movement, the peculiar, rapid, vibratory movement exhibited by the microscopic particles of substances when suspended in water or other fluids. Brown¶ie (?), n. [So called from its supposed tawny or swarthy color.] An imaginary goodÐnatured spirit, who was supposed often to perform important services around the house by night, such as thrashing, churning, sweeping. [Scot.] Brown¶ing, n. 1. The act or operation of giving a brown color, as to gun barrels, etc. 2. (Masonry) A smooth coat of brown mortar, usually the second coat, and the preparation for the finishing coat of plaster. Brown¶ish, a. Somewhat brown. Brown¶ism (?), n. (Eccl. Hist.) The views or teachings of Robert Brown of the Brownists. Milton. Brown¶ism, n. (Med.) The doctrines of the Brunonian system of medicine. See Brunonian. Brown¶ist, n. (Eccl. Hist.) A follower of Robert Brown, of England, in the 16th century, who taught that every church is complete and independent in itself when organized, and consists of members meeting in one place, having full power to elect and depose its officers. Brown¶ist, n. (Med.) One who advocates the Brunonian system of medicine. Brown¶ness, n. The quality or state of being brown. Now like I brown (O lovely brown thy hair); Only in brownness beauty dwelleth there. Drayton. Brown¶stone· (?), n. A dark variety of sandstone, much used for building purposes. Brown¶ thrush¶ (?). (Zo”l.) A common American singing bird (Harporhynchus rufus), allied to the mocking bird; Ð also called brown thrasher. Brown¶wort· (?), n. (Bot.) A species 9figwort or Scrophularia (S. vernalis), and otherÿspecies of the same genus, mostly perennials with inconspicuous coarse flowers. Brown¶y (?), a. Brownÿor, somewhat brown. ½Browny locks.¸ Shak. Brow¶post· (?), n. (Carp.) A beam that goes across a building. Browse (?), n. [OF. brost, broust, sprout, shoot, F. brout browse, browsewood, prob. fr. OHG. burst, G. borste, bristle; cf. also Armor. broustaÿto browse. See Bristle, n., Brush, n.] The tender branches or twigs of trees and shrubs, fit for the food of cattle and other animals; green food. Spenser. Sheep, goats, and oxen, and the nobler steed, On browse, and corn, and flowery meadows feed. Dryden. Browse, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Browsed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Browsing.] [For broust, OF. brouster, bruster, F. brouter. See Browse, n., and cf. Brut.] 1. To eat or nibble off, as the tender branches of trees, shrubs, etc.; Ð said of cattle, sheep, deer, and some other animals. Yes, like the stag, when snow the plasture sheets, The barks of trees thou browsedst. Shak. 2. To feed on, as pasture; to pasture on; to graze. Fields ... browsed by deepÐuddered kine. Tennyson.

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Browse (?), v.i. 1. To feed on the tender branches or shoots of shrubs or trees, as do cattle, sheep, and deer. 2. To pasture; to feed; to nibble. Shak. Brows¶er (?), n. An animal that browses. Browse¶wood· (?), n. Srubs and bushes upon which animals browse. Brows¶ing, n. Browse; also, a place abounding with shrubs where animals may browse. Browsings for the deer. Howell. Brow¶spot· (?), n. (Zo”l.) A rounded organ between the eyes of the frog; the interocular gland. ØBruÏang¶ (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) The Malayan sun bear. Bru¶cine (?), n. [Cf. F. brucine, fr. James Bruce, a Scottish traveler.] (Chem.) A poweful vegetable alkaloid, found, associated with strychnine, in the seeds of different species of Strychnos, especially in the ux vomica. It is powerful than strychnine. Called also bruciaÿand brucina. Bru¶cite (?), n. [Named after Dr. A.Bruce of New York.] (Min.) (a) A white, pearly mineral, occurring thin and foliated, like talc, and also fibrous; a native magnesium hydrate. (b) The mineral chondrodite. [R.] Bruck¶eled (?), a. Wet and dirty; begrimed. [Obs. or Dial.] Herrick. ØBruh (?), n. (Zo”l.) [Native name.] The rhesus monkey. See Rhesus. Bru¶in (?), n. [D. bruin brown. In the epic poem of ½Reynard the Fox¸ the bear is so called from his color. See Brown, a.] A bear; Ð so called in popular tales and fables. Bruise (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bruised (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bruising.] [OE. brusen, brisen, brosen, bresen, AS. br?sanÿor fr. OF. bruiser, bruisier, bruser, to break, shiver, perh. from OHG. brochisÓn. Cf. Break, v.t.] 1. To injure, as by a blow or collision, without laceration; to contuse; as, to bruise one's finger with a hammer; to bruise the bark of a tree with a stone; to bruise an apple by letting it fall. 2. To break; as in a mortar; to bray, as minerals, roots, etc.; to crush. Nor bruise her flowerets with the armed hoofs. Shak. Syn. - To pulverize; bray; triturate; pound; contuse. Bruise, v.i. To fight with the fists; to box. Bruising was considered a fine, manly, old English custom. Thackeray. Bruise, n. An injury to the flesh of animals, or to plants, fruit, etc., with a blunt or heavy instrument, or by collision with some other body; a contusion; as, a bruise on the head; bruises on fruit. From the sole of the foot even unto the head there is no soundness in it; but wounds, and bruises. Isa.i.6. Bruis¶er (?), n. 1. One who, or that which, bruises. 2. A boxer; a pugilist. R.Browning. Like a new bruiser on Broughtonic aand, Amid the lists our hero takes his stand. T.Warton. 3. A concave tool used in grinding lenses or the speculums of telescopes. Knight. Bruise¶wort· (?), n. A plant supposed to heal bruises, as the true daisy, the soapwort, and the comfrey. Bruit (?), n. [OE. bruit, brut, noise, bruit, F. bruit, fr. LL. brugitus; cf. L. rugireÿto roar; perh. influenced by the source of E. bray to make a harsh noise, Armor. brud bruit.] 1. Report; rumor; fame. The bruit thereof will bring you many friends. Shak. 2. [French pron. ?.] (Med.) An abnormal sound of several kinds, heard on auscultation. Bruit, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bruited; p.pr. & vb.n. Bruiting.] To report; to noise abroad. I find thou art no less than fame hath bruited. Shak. ØBru·maire¶ (?), n. [F., fr. L. bruma winter.] The second month of the calendar adopted by the first French republic. It began thirty days after the autumnal equinox. See Vendemiaire. Bru¶mal (?), a. [L. brumalis, fr. bruma winter: cf. F. brumal.] Of or pertaining to winter. ½The brumal solstice.¸ Sir T.Browne. Brume (?), n. [F. brume winter season, mist, L. bruma winter.] Mist; fog; vapors. ½The drifting brume.¸ Longfellow. Brum¶maÏgem (?), a. [Birmingham (formerly Bromwycham), Eng., ½the great mart and manufactory of gilt toys, cheap jewelry,¸ etc.] Counterfeit; gaudy but worthless; sham. [Slang] ½These Brummagem gentry.¸ Lady D.Hardy. Bru¶mous (?), a. Foggy; misty. Brun (?), n. [See Broun a brook.] Same as Brun, a brook. [Scot.] BruÏnette¶ (?), n. [F. brunet, brunette, brownish, dim. of brun, brune, brown, fr. OHG. br?n. See Brown, a.] A girl or woman with a somewhat brown or dark complexion. Ð a. Having a dark tint. Brun¶ion (?), n. [F. brugnon (cf. It. brugna, prugna), fr. L. prunum. See Prune, n.] A nectarine. BruÏno¶niÏan (?), a. Pertaining to, or invented by, Brown; Ð a term applied to a system of medicine promulgated in the 18th century by John Brown, of Scotland, the fundamental doctrine of which was, that life is a state of excitation produced by the normal action of external agents upon the body, and that disease consists in excess or deficiency of excitation. Bruns¶wick black· (?). See Japan black. Bruns¶wick green· (?). [G. Braunschweiger grn, first made at Brunswick, in Germany.] An oxychloride 9copper, used as a green pigment; also, a carbonate of copper similarly employed. Brunt (?), n. [OE. brunt, bront, fr. Icel. brunaÿto rush; cf. Icel. brennaÿto burn. Cf. Burn, v.t.] 1. The heat, or utmost violence, of an onset; the strength or greatest fury of any contention; as, the brunt of a battle. 2. The force of a blow; shock; collision. ½And heavy brunt of cannon ball.¸ Hudibras. It is instantly and irrecoverably scattered by our first brunt with some real affair of common life. I.Taylor. Brush (?), n. [OE. brusche, OF. broche, broce, brosse, brushwood, F. brosseÿbrush, LL. brustia, bruscia, fr. OHG. brusta, brust, bristle, G. borste bristle, brste brush. See Bristle, n., and cf. Browse.] 1. An instrument composed of bristles, or other like material, set in a suitable back or handle, as of wood, bone, or ivory, and used for various purposes, as in removing dust from clothes, laying on colors, etc. Brushes have different shapes and names according to their use; as, clothes brush, paint brush, tooth brush, etc. 2. The bushy tail of a fox. 3. (Zo”l.) A tuft of hair on the mandibles. 4. Branchesÿof trees lopped off; brushwood. 5. A thicket of shrubs or small trees; the shrubs and small trees in a wood; underbrush. 6. (Elec.) A bundle of flexible wires or thin plates of metal, used to conduct an electrical currentÿto or from the commutator of a dynamo, electric motor, or similar apparatus. 7. The act of brushing; as, to give one's clothes a brush; a rubbing or grazing with a quick motion; a light touch; as, we got a brush from the wheel as it passed. [As leaves] have with one winter's brush Fell from their boughts. Shak. 8. A skirmish; a slight encounter; a shock or collision; as, to have a brush with an enemy. Let grow thy sinews till their knots be strong, And tempt not yet the brushes of the war. Shak. 9. A shoer contest, or trial, of speed. Let us enjoy a brush across the country. Cornhill Mag. Electrical brush, a form of the electric discharge characterized by a brushlike appearance of luminous rays diverging from an electrified body. Brush, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brushed (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brushing.] [OE. bruschen; cf. F. brosser. See Brush, n.] 1. To apply a brush to, according to its particular use; to rub, smooth, clean, paint, etc., with a brush. ½A' brushes his hat o' mornings.¸ Shak. 2. To touch in passing, or to pass lightly over, as with a brush. Some spread their sailes, some with strong oars sweep The waters smooth, and brush the buxom wave. Fairfax. Brushed with the kiss of rustling wings. Milton. 3. To remove or gather by brushing, or by an act like that of brushing, or by passing lightly over, as wind; Ð commonly with off. As wicked dew as e'er my mother brushed With raven's feather from unwholesome fen. Shak. And from the boughts brush off the evil dew. Milton. To brush aside, to remove from one's way, as with a brush. Ð To brush away, to remove, as with a brush or brushing motion. Ð To brush up, to paint, or make clean or bright with a brush; to cleanse or improve; to renew. You have commissioned me to paint your shop, and I have done my best to brush you up like your neighbors. Pope. Brush, v.i. To move nimbly in haste; to move so lightly as scarcely to be perceived; as, to brush by. Snatching his hat, he brushed off like the wind. Goldsmith. Brush¶er (?), n. One who, or that which, brushes. Brush¶iÏness (?), n. The quality of resembling a brush; brushlike condition; shagginess. Dr. H.More. Brush¶ing, a. 1. Constructed or used to brush with; as a brushing machine. 2. Brisk; light; as, a brushing gallop. Brush¶ite (?), n. [From George J.Brush, an American mineralogist.] (Min.) A white or gray crystalline mineral consisting of the acid phosphate of calcium. Brush¶ tur·key (?). (Zo”l.) A large, edible, gregarious bird of Australia (Talegalla Lathami) of the family Megapodid‘. Also applied to several allied species of New Guinea. µ The brush turkeys live in the ½brush,¸ and construct a common nest by collecting a large heap of decaying vegetable matter, which generates heat sufficient to hatch the numerous eggs (sometimes half a bushel) deposited in it by the females of the flock. Brush¶ wheel· (?). 1. A wheel without teeth, used to turn a similar one by the friction of bristles or something brushlike or soft attached to the circumference. 2. A circular revolving brush used by turners, lapidaries, silversmiths, etc., for polishing. Brush¶wood (?), n. 1. Brush; a thicket or coppice of small trees and shrubs. 2. Small branches of trees cut off. Brush¶y, a. Resembling a brush; shaggy; rough. Brusk (?), a. Same as Brusque. Brusque (?), a. [F. brusque, from It. bruscoÿbrusque, tart, sour, perh. fr. L. (vitis) labrusca wild (vine); or cf. OHG. bruttisc grim, fr. brutti terror.] Rough and prompt in manner; blunt; abrupt; hluff; as, a brusque man; a brusque style. Brusque¶ness, n. Quality of beingÿbrusque; roughness joined with promptness; blutness. Brit. Quar. Brus¶sels (?), n. A city of Belgium, giving its name to a kind of carpet, a kind of lace, etc. Brussels carpet, a kind of carpet made of worsted yarn fixed in a foundation web of strong linen thread. The worsted, which alone shows on the upper surface in drawn up in loops to form the pattern. Ð Brussels ground, a name given to the handmade ground of real Brussels lace. It is very costly because of the extreme finenessÿof the threads. Ð Brussels lace, an expensive kind of lace of several varieties, originally made in Brussels; as, Brussels point, Brussels ground, Brussels wire ground. Ð Brussels net, an imitation of Brussels ground, made by machinery. Ð Brussels point. See Point lace. Ð Brussels sproutsÿ(Bot.), a plant of the Cabbage family, which produces, in the axils of the upright stem, numerous small green heads, or ½sprouts,¸ each a cabbage in miniature, of one or two inches in diameter; the thousandÐheaded cabbage. Ð Brussels wire ground, a ground for lace, made of silk, with meshes partly straight and partly arched. Brus¶tle (?), v.i. [imp. & p.p. Brustled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brustling (?).] [OE. brustlien and brastlien, AS. brastlian, fr. berstan to burst, akin to G. prasselnÿto crackle. See Burst, v.i.] 1. To crackle; to rustle, as a silk garment. [Obs.] Gower. 2. To make a show of firecenessÿor defiance; to bristle. [Obs.] To brustle up, to bristle up. [Obs.] Otway. Brus¶tle, n. A bristle. [Obs. or Prov.] Chaucer. Brut (?), v.i. [F. brouter, OF. brouster. See Browse, n.] To browse. [Obs.] Evelyn. Brut, n. (Zo”l.) See Birt. ØBru¶ta (?), n. [NL., neuter pl., fr. L. brutus heavy, stupid.] (Zo”l.) See Edentata. Bru¶tal (?), a. [Cf. F. brutal. See Brute, a.] 1. Of or pertaining to a brute; as, brutal nature. ½Above the rest of brutal kind.¸ Milton. 2. Like a brute; savage; cruel; inhuman; brutish; unfeeling; merciless; gross; as, brutal manners. ½Brutal intemperance.¸ Macaulay. Bru¶talÏism (?), n. Brutish quality; brutality. BruÏtal¶iÏty (?), n.; pl. Brutalities (?). [Cf. F. brutalit‚.] 1. The quality of beingÿbrutal; inhumanity; savageness; pitilessness. 2. An inhuman act. The ... brutalities exercised in war. Brougham. Bru·talÏiÏza¶tion (?), n. The act or processÿof making brutal; state of being brutalized. Bru¶talÏize (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brutalized (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brutalizing.] [Cf. F. brutaliser.] To make brutal; beasty; unfeeling; or inhuman. Bru¶talÏize, v.i. To become brutal, inhuman, barbarous, or coarse and beasty. [R.] He mixed ... with his countrymen, brutalized with them in their habits and manners. Addison. Bru¶talÏly, adv. In a brutal manner; cruelly. Brute (?), a. [F. brut, nasc., brute, fem., raw, rough, rude, brutish, L. brutus stupid, irrational: cf. It. & Sp. bruto.] 1. Not having sensation; senseless; inanimate; unconscious; without intelligence or volition; as, the brute earth; the brute powers of nature. 2. Not possessing reason, irrational; unthinking; as, a brute beast; the brute creation. A creature ... not prone And brute as other creatures, but endued With sanctity of reason. Milton. 3. Of, pertaining to, or characteristic of, a brute beast. Hence: Brutal; cruel; fierce; ferocious; savage; pitiless; as, brute violence. Macaulay. The influence of capital and mere brute labor. Playfair. 4. Having the physical powers predominating over the mental; coarse; unpolished; unintelligent. A great brute farmer from Liddesdale. Sir W.Scott. 5. Rough; uncivilized; unfeeling. [R.] Brute, n. 1. An animal destitute of human reason; any animal not human; esp. a quadruped; a beast. Brutes may be considered as either a‰ral, terrestrial, aquatic, or amphibious. Locke. 2. A brutal person; a savage in heart or manners; as unfeeling or coarse person. An illÐnatured brute of a husband. Franklin. Syn. - See Beast. Brute, v.t. [For bruit.] To report; to bruit. [Obs.] Brute¶ly, adv. In a rude or violent manner. Brute¶ness, n. 1. Brutality. [Obs.] Spenser. 2. Insensibility. ½The bruteness of nature.¸ Emerson. Bru¶tiÏfy (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Brutified (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Brutifying.] [Brute + Ïfy: cf. F. brutifier.] To make like a brute; to make senseless, stupid, or unfeeling; to brutalize. Any man not quite brutified and void of sense. Barrow. Bru¶tish (?), a. Pertaining to, or resembling, a brute or brutes; of a cruel, gross, and stupid nature; coarse; unfeeling; unintelligent. O, let all provocation Take every brutish shape it can devise. Leigh Hunt. Man may ... render himself brutish, but it is in vain that he would seek to take the rank and density of the brute. I.Taylor. Syn. - Insensible; stupid; unfeeling; savage; cruel; brutal; barbarous; inhuman; ferocious; gross; carnal; sensual; bestial. Ð Bru¶tishÏly, adv. Ð Bru¶tishÏness, n. Bru¶tism (?), n. The nature or characteristic qualities or actions of a brute; extreme stupidity, or beastly vulgarity. Bru¶ting (?), n. Browsing. [Obs.] Evelyn. BryÏoÏlog¶iÏcal (?), a. Relating to bryology; as, bryological studies. BryÏol¶oÏgist (?), n. One versed in bryology. BryÏol¶oÏgy (?), n. [Gr. ? moss + Ïlogy.] That part of botany which relates to mosses. Bry¶oÏnin (?), n. (Chem.) A bitter principle obtained from the root of the bryony (Bryonia alba and B. dioica). It is a white, or slightly colored, substance, and is emetic and cathartic.

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Bry¶oÏny (?), n. [L. bryonia, Gr. ?, fr. ? to swell, esp. of plants.] (Bot.) The commonname of several cucurbitaceous plants of the genus Bryonia. The root of B. alba (rough or white bryony) and of B. dioica is a strong, irritating cathartic. Black bryony, a plant (Tamus communis) so named from its dark glossy leaves and black root; black bindweed. ØBryÏoph¶yÏta (?), n. pl. See Cryptogamia. ØBry·oÏzo¶a (?), n. pl. [NL., fr. Gr. ? moss + ? animal.] (Zo”l.) A class of Molluscoidea, including minute animals which by budding form compound colonies; Ð called also Polyzoa. µ They are often coralike in form and appearance, each small cell containing an individual zooid. Other species grow in delicate, flexible, branched forms, resembling moss, whence the name. Some are found in fresh water, but most are marine. The three principal divisions are Ectoprocta, Entoprocta, and Pterobranchia. See Cyclostoma, Chilostoma, and Phylactolema. Bry·oÏzo¶an (?), a. (Zo”l.) Of or pertaining to the Bryozoa. Ð n. One of the Bryozoa. ØBry·oÏzo¶um (?), n. [NL. See Bryozoa.] (Zo”l.) An individual zooid of a bryozoan coralline, of which there may be two or more kinds in a single colony. The zoÒcia usually have a wreath of tentacles around the mouth, and a well developed stomach and intestinal canal; but these parts are lacking in the otherzooids (Avicularia, OÒcia, etc.). ØBu·anÏsu¶ah (?), n. [Native name.] (Zo”l.) The wild dog of northern India (Cuon prim‘vus), supposed by some to be an ancestral species of the domsetic dog. ØBu¶at (?), n. [Scot., of uncertain origin.] A lantern; also, the moon. [Scot.] Sir W.Scott. Bub (?), n. Strong malt liquor. [Cant] Prior. Bub, n. [Cf. 2d Bubby.] A young brother; a little boy; Ð a familiar term of address of a small boy. Bub, v.t. [Abbrev. from Bubble.] To throw out in bubbles; to bubble. [Obs.] Sackville. Bu¶baÏle (?), n. [Cf. F. bubale. See Buffalo, n.] (Zo”l.) A large antelope (Alcelaphus bubalis) of Egypt and the Desert of Sahara, supposed by some to be the fallow deer of the Bible. Bu¶baÏline (?), a. (Zo”l.) Resembling a buffalo. Bubaline antelope (Zo”l.), the bubale. Bub¶ble (?), n. [Cf. D. bobbel, Dan. boble, Sw. bubbla. Cf. Blob, n.] 1. A thin film of liquid inflated with air or gas; as, a soap bubble; bubbles on the surface of a river. Beads of sweat have stood upon thy brow, Like bubbles in a late disturbed stream. Shak. 2. A small quantity of air or gas within a liquid body; as, bubbles risingÿin champagne or a‰rated waters. 3. A globule of air, or globular vacuum, in a transparent solid; as, bubbles in window glass, or in a lens. 4. A small, hollow, floating bead or globe, formerly used for testing the strength of spirits. 5. The globule of air in the spirit tube of a level. 6. Anything that wants firmnessÿor solidity; that which is more specious than real; a false show; a cheat or fraud; a delusive scheme; an empty project; a dishonest speculation; as, the South Sea bubble. Then a soldier ... Seeking the bubble reputation Even in the cannon's mouth. Shak. 7. A person deceived by an empty project; a gull. [Obs.] ½Ganny's a cheat, and I'm a bubble.¸ Prior. Bub¶ble, v.i. [imp. & p.p. Bubbled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bubbling (?).] [Cf. D. bobbelen, Dan. boble.ÿSee Bubble, n.] 1. To rise in bubbles, as liquids when boiling or agitated; to contain bubbles. The milk that bubbled in the pail. Tennyson. 2. To run with a gurdling noise, as if forming bubbles; as, a bubbling stream. Pope. 3. To sing with a gurgling or warbling sound. At mine ear Bubbled the nightingale and heeded not. Tennyson. Bub¶bler, v.t. To cheat; to deceive. She has bubbled him out of his youth. Addison. The great Locke, who was seldom outwitted by false sounds, was nevertheless bubbled here. Sterne. Bub¶bler (?), n. 1. One who cheats. All the Jews, jobbers, bubblers, subscribers, projectors, etc. Pope. 2. (Zo”l.) A fish of the Ohio river; Ð so called from the noise it makes. Bub¶ble shell· (?). (Zo”l.) A marine univalve shell of the genus Bulla and allied genera, belonging to the Tectibranchiata. Bub¶bling Jock· (?) (Zo”l.) The male wild turkey, the gobbler; Ð so called in allusion to its notes. Bub¶bly (?), a. Abounding in bubbles; bubbling. Nash. Bub¶by (?), n. [Cf. Prov. G. bbbi, or It. poppa, Pr. popa, OF. poupe, a woman's breast.] A woman's breast. [Low] Bub¶by, n. [A corruption of brother.] Bub; Ð a term of familiar or affectionate address to a small boy. Bu¶bo (?), n.; pl. Buboes (?). [LL. buboÿthe groin, a swelling in the groin, Gr. ?.] (Med.) An inflammation, with enlargement, of a limphatic gland, esp. in the groin, as in syphilis. BuÏbon¶ic (?), a. Of or pertaining to a bubo or buboes; characterized by buboes. BuÏbon¶oÏcele (?), n. [Gr. ? groin + ? tumor: cf. F. bubonocŠle.] (Med.) An inguinal hernia; esp. that incomplete variety in which the hernial pouch descends only as far as the groin, forming a swelling there like a bubo. Bu¶buÏkle (?), n. A red pimple. [R.] Shak. Buc¶cal (?), a. [L. bucca cheek: cf. F. buccal.] (Anat.) Of or pertaining to the mouth or cheeks. Buc·caÏneer¶ (?), n. [F. boucanier, fr. boucanerÿto smoke or broil meat and fish, to hunt wild beasts for their skins, boucan a smoking placeÿfor meat or fish, gridiron for smoking: a word of American origin.] A robber upon the sea; a pirate; Ð a term applied especially to the piratical adventurers who made depredations on the Spaniards in America in the 17th and 18th centuries. [Written also bucanier.] µ Primarily, one who dries and smokes flesh or fish after the manner of the Indians. The name was first given to the French settlers in Hayti or Hispaniola, whose business was to hunt wild cattle and swine. Buc·caÏneer¶, v.i. To act the part of a buccaneer; to live as a piratical adventurer or sea robber. Buc·caÏneer¶ish, a. Like a buccaneer; piratical. Buc¶ciÏnal (?), a. [L. bucina a crooked horn or trumpet.] Shaped or sounding like a trumpet; trumpetlike. ØBuc·ciÏna¶tor (?), n. [L., a trumpeter, fr. bucinare to sound the trumpet.] (Anat.) A muscle of the cheek; Ð so called from its use in blowing wind instruments. Buc¶ciÏnoid (?), a. [Buccinum + Ïoid.] (Zo”l.) Resembling the genus Buccinum, or pertaining to the Buccinid‘, a family of marine univalve shells. See Whelk, and Prosobranchiata. ØBuc¶ciÏnum (?), n. [L., a trumpet, a trumpet shell.] (Zo”l.) A genus of large univalve mollusks abundant in the arctic seas. It includes the common whelk (B. undatum). BuÏcen¶taur (?), n. [Gr. ?; ox + ? centaur.] 1. A fabulous monster, half ox, half man. 2. [It. bucentoro.] The state barge of Venice, used by the doge in the ceremony of espousing the Adriatic. ØBu¶ceÏros (?), n. [Gr. ? horned like an ox; ? ox + ? horn.] (Zo”l.) A genus of large perching birds; the hornbills. Buch¶olÏzite (?), n. [So called from Bucholz, a German chemist.] (Min.) Same as Fibrolite. Bu¶chu (?), n. (Bot.) A South African shrub (Barosma) with small leaves that are dotted with oil dlands; also, the leaves themselves, which are used in medicine for diseases of the urinary organs, etc. Several species furnish the leaves. Buck (?), n. [Akin to LG. bke, Dan. byg, Sw. byk, G. bauche: cf. It. bucato, Prov. Sp. bugada, F. bu‚e.] 1. Lye or suds in which cloth is soaked in the operation of bleaching, or in which clothes are washed. 2. The cloth or clothes soaked or washed. [Obs.] Shak. Buck, v.t. [imp. & p.p. Bucked (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Bucking.] [OE. bouken; akin to LG. bken, Dan. byge, Sw. byka, G. bauchen, beuchen; cf. OF. buer. Cf. the preceding noun.] 1. To soak, steep, or boil, in lye or suds; Ð a process in bleaching. 2. TO wash (clothes) in lye or suds, or, in later usage, by beating them on stones in running water. 3. (Mining) To break up or pulverize, as ores. Buck, n. [OE. buk, bucke, AS. bucca, bua, heÐgoat; akin to D. bok, OHG. pocch, G. bock, Ir. boc, W. bwch, Corn. byk; cf. Zend b?za, Skr. bukka. û256. Cf. Butcher, n.] 1. The male of deer, especially fallow deer and antelopes, or of goats, sheep, hares, and rabbits. µ A male fallow deer is called a fawn in his first year; a pricket in his second; a sorel in his third; a sore in his fourth; a buck of the first head in his fifth; and a great buck in his sixth. The female of the fallow deer is termed a doe. The male of the red deer is termed a stag or hart and not a buck, and the female is called a hind. Brande & C. 2. A gay, dashing young fellow; a fop; a dandy. The leading bucks of the day. Thackeray. 3. A male Indian or negro. [Colloq. U.S.] µ The word buck is much used in composition for the names of antelopes; as, bush buck, spring buck. Blue buck. See under Blue. Ð Water buck, a South African variety of antelope (Kobus ellipsiprymnus). See Illust. of Antelope. Buck (?), v.i. 1. To copulate, as bucks and does. 2. To springÿwith quick plunging leaps, descending with the fore legs rigid and the head held as low down as possible; Ð said of a vicious horse or mule. Buck, v.t. 1. (Mil.) To subjectÿto a mode of punishment which consists in tyingÿthe wrists together, passing the arms over the bent knees, and putting a stick across the arms and in the angle formed by the knees. 2. To throw by bucking. See Buck, v.i., 2. The brute that he was riding had nearly bucked him out of the saddle. W.E.Norris. Buck, n. A frame on which firewood is sawed; a sawhorse; a sawbuck. Buck saw, a saw set in a frame and used for sawing wood on a sawhorse. Buck, n. [See Beech, n.] The beech tree. [Scot.] Buck mast, the mast or fruit of the beech tree. Johnson. Buck¶Ðbas·ket (?), n. [See 1st Buck.] A basket in which clothes are carried to the wash. Shak. Buck¶ bean· (?). (Bot.) A plant (Menyanthes trifoliata) which grows in moist and boggy places, having racems of white or reddish flowers and intensely bitter leaves, sometimes used in medicine; marsh trefoil; Ð called also bog bean. Buck¶board· (?), n. A fourÐwheeled vehicle, having a long elastic board or frame resting on the bolsters or axletrees, and a seat or seats placed transversely upon it; Ð called also buck wagon. Buck¶er (?), n. (Mining) 1. One who bucks ore. 2. A broadÐheaded hammer used in bucking ore. Buck¶er, n. A horse or mule that bucks. Buck¶et (?), n. [OE. boket; cf. AS. buc pitcher, or Corn. buket tub.] 1. A vessel for drawing up water from a well, or for catching, holding, or carrying water, sap, or other liquids. The old oaken bucket, the ironÐbound bucket, The mossÐcovered bucket, which hung in the well. Wordsworth. 2. A vessel (as a tub or scoop) for hoisting and conveying coal, ore, grain, etc. 3. (Mach.) One of the receptacles on the rim of a water wheel into which the water rushes, causing the wheel to revolve; also, a float of a paddle wheel. 4. The valved piston of a lifting pump. Fire bucket, a bucket for carrying water to put out fires. Ð To kick the bucket, to die. [Low] Buck¶et shop· (?). An office or a place where facilities are given for betting small sums on current prices of stocks, petroleum, etc. [Slang, U.S.] Buck¶etÏy (?), n. [A corruption of buckwheat.] Paste used by weavers to dress their webs. Buchanan. Buck¶eye· (?), n. 1. (Bot.) A name given to several American trees and shrubs of the same genus (’sculus) as the horse chestnut. The Ohio buckeye, or Fetid buckeye, is ’sculus glabra. Ð Red buckeye is ’. Pavia. Ð Small buckeye is ’. paviflora. Ð Sweet buckeye, or Yellow buckeye, is ’. flava. 2. A cant name for a native in Ohio. [U.S.] Buckeye State, Ohio; Ð so called because buckeye trees abound there. Buck¶Ðeyed· (?), a. Having bad or speckled eyes. ½A buckÐeyed horse.¸ James White. Buck¶hound· (?), n. A hound for hunting deer. Master of the buckhounds, an officer in the royal house hold. [Eng.] Buck¶ie (?), n. (Zo”l.) A large spiral marine shell, esp. the common whelk. See Buccinum. [Scot.] Deil's buckie, a perverse, refractory youngster. [Slang] Buck¶ing, n. 1. The act or process of soaking or boiling cloth in an alkaline liquid in the operation of bleaching; also, the liquid used. Tomlinson. 2. A washing. 3. The processÿof breaking up or pulverizing ores. Bucking iron (Mining), a broadÐfaced hammer, used in bucking or breaking up ores. Ð Bucking kier (Manuf.), a large circular boiler, or kier, used in bleaching. Ð Bucking stool, a washing block. Buck¶ish, a. Dandified; foppish. Buc¶kle (?), n. [OE. bocleÿbuckle, boss of a shield, OF. bocle, F. boucle, boss of a shield, ring, fr. L. buccula a little cheek or mouth, dim. of bucca cheek; this boss or knob resembling a cheek.] 1. A device, usually of metal, consisting of a frame with one more movable tongues or catches, used for fastening things together, as parts of dress or harness, by means of a strap passing through the frame and pierced by the tongue. 2. A distortion bulge, bend, or kink, as in a saw blade or a plate of sheet metal. Knight. 3. A curl of hair, esp. a kind of crisp curl formerly worn; also, the state of being curled. Earlocks in tight buckles on each side of a lantern face. W.Irving. Lets his wig lie in buckle for a whole half year. Addison. 4. A contorted expression, as of the face. [R.] 'Gainst nature armed by gravity, His features too in buckle see. Churchill. Buc¶kle (?), v.t. [imp. & p.p. Buckled (?); p.pr. & vb.n. Buckling.] [OE. boclen, F. boucler. See Buckle, n.] 1. To fasten or confine with a buckle or buckles; as, to buckle a harness. 2. To bend; to cause to kink, or to become distorted. 3. To prepare for action; to apply with vigor and earnestness; Ð generally used reflexively<-- buckle down -->. Cartwright buckled himself to the employment. Fuller. 4. To join in marriage. [Scot.] Sir W.Scott.

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