Chapter LXXVII: Front Matter (77)
Cote d'Ivoire
3 November 1960; has been amended numerous times, last
time 27 July 1998
Croatia
adopted on 22 December 1990
Cuba
24 February 1976, amended July 1992 and June 2002
Cyprus
16 August 1960; negotiations to create the basis for a new or
revised constitution to govern the island and to better relations
between Greek and Turkish Cypriots have been held intermittently; in
1975 Turkish Cypriots created their own constitution and governing
bodies within the "Turkish Federated State of Cyprus," which was
renamed the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus" in 1983; a new
constitution for the Turkish Cypriot area passed by referendum on 5
May 1985
Czech Republic
ratified 16 December 1992; effective 1 January 1993
Denmark
1849 was the original constitution; there was a major
overhaul 5 June 1953, allowing for a unicameral legislature and a
female chief of state
Djibouti
multiparty constitution approved by referendum 4 September
1992
Dominica
3 November 1978
Dominican Republic
28 November 1966
East Timor
22 March 2002 (based on the Portuguese model)
Ecuador
10 August 1998
Egypt
11 September 1971
El Salvador
23 December 1983
Equatorial Guinea
approved by national referendum 17 November 1991;
amended January 1995
Eritrea
the transitional constitution, decreed on 19 May 1993, was
replaced by a new constitution adopted on 23 May 1997, but not yet
implemented
Estonia
adopted 28 June 1992
Ethiopia
ratified December 1994; effective 22 August 1995
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
3 October 1985; amended 1997 and
1998
Faroe Islands
5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Fiji
promulgated on 25 July 1990 and amended on 25 July 1997 to
allow nonethnic Fijians greater say in government and to make
multiparty government mandatory; entered into force 28 July 1998;
note - the May 1999 election was the first test of the amended
constitution and introduced open voting - not racially prescribed -
for the first time at the national level
Finland
1 March 2000
France
28 September 1958, amended concerning election of president
in 1962, amended to comply with provisions of 1992 EC Maastricht
Treaty, 1996 Amsterdam Treaty, 2000 Treaty of Nice; amended to
tighten immigration laws 1993
French Guiana
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
French Polynesia
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Gabon
adopted 14 March 1991
Gambia, The
24 April 1970; suspended July 1994; rewritten and
approved by national referendum 8 August 1996; reestablished in
January 1997
Georgia
adopted 17 October 1995
Germany
23 May 1949, known as Basic Law; became constitution of the
united German people 3 October 1990
Ghana
approved 28 April 1992
Gibraltar
30 May 1969
Greece
11 June 1975; amended March 1986 and April 2001
Greenland
5 June 1953 (Danish constitution)
Grenada
19 December 1973
Guadeloupe
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Guam
Organic Act of 1 August 1950
Guatemala
31 May 1985, effective 14 January 1986; note - suspended
25 May 1993 by former President SERRANO; reinstated 5 June 1993
following ouster of president; amended November 1993
Guernsey
unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Guinea
23 December 1990 (Loi Fundamentale)
Guinea-Bissau
16 May 1984, amended 4 May 1991, 4 December 1991, 26
February 1993, 9 June 1993, and 1996
Guyana
6 October 1980
Haiti
approved March 1987; suspended June 1988, with most articles
reinstated March 1989; in October 1991, government claimed to be
observing the constitution; return to constitutional rule, October
1994
Holy See (Vatican City)
Apostolic Constitution of 1967 (effective 1
March 1968)
Honduras
11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982; amended 1995
Hong Kong
Basic Law approved in March 1990 by China's National
People's Congress is Hong Kong's "mini-constitution"
Hungary
18 August 1949, effective 20 August 1949, revised 19 April
1972; 18 October 1989 revision ensured legal rights for individuals
and constitutional checks on the authority of the prime minister and
also established the principle of parliamentary oversight; 1997
amendment streamlined the judicial system
Iceland
16 June 1944, effective 17 June 1944
India
26 January 1950
Indonesia
August 1945, abrogated by Federal Constitution of 1949 and
Provisional Constitution of 1950, restored 5 July 1959
Iran
2-3 December 1979; revised 1989 to expand powers of the
presidency and eliminate the prime ministership
Iraq
in transition following April 2003 defeat of SADDAM Husayn
regime by US-led coalition
Ireland
29 December 1937; adopted 1 July 1937 by plebiscite
Israel
no formal constitution; some of the functions of a
constitution are filled by the Declaration of Establishment (1948),
the Basic Laws of the parliament (Knesset), and the Israeli
citizenship law
Italy
1 January 1948
Jamaica
6 August 1962
Japan
3 May 1947
Jersey
unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and practice
Jordan
8 January 1952
Kazakhstan
adopted by national referendum 30 August 1995; first
post-independence constitution was adopted 28 January 1993
Kenya
12 December 1963, amended as a republic 1964; reissued with
amendments 1979, 1983, 1986, 1988, 1991, 1992, 1997, and 2001
Kiribati
12 July 1979
Korea, North
adopted 1948, completely revised 27 December 1972,
revised again in April 1992 and September 1998
Korea, South
17 July 1948
Kuwait
approved and promulgated 11 November 1962
Kyrgyzstan
adopted 5 May 1993; note - amendment proposed by
President AKAYEV and passed in a national referendum on 2 February
2003 significantly expands the powers of the president at the
expense of the legislature
Laos
promulgated 14 August 1991
Latvia
the 1991 Constitutional Law, which supplements the 1922
constitution, provides for basic rights and freedoms
Lebanon
23 May 1926, amended a number of times, most recently
Charter of Lebanese National Reconciliation (Ta'if Accord) of
October 1989
Lesotho
2 April 1993
Liberia
6 January 1986
Libya
11 December 1969, amended 2 March 1977
Liechtenstein
5 October 1921
Lithuania
adopted 25 October 1992
Luxembourg
17 October 1868, occasional revisions
Macau
Basic Law, approved in March 1993 by China's National People's
Congress, is Macau's "mini-constitution"
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
adopted 17 November 1991,
effective 20 November 1991
note: in November of 2001, the Macedonian Parliament approved a
series of new constitutional amendments strengthening minority rights
Madagascar
19 August 1992 by national referendum
Malawi
18 May 1994
Malaysia
31 August 1957, amended 16 September 1963
Maldives
adopted January 1998
Mali
adopted 12 January 1992
Malta
1964 constitution substantially amended on 13 December 1974
and again in 1987
Man, Isle of
unwritten; note - The Isle of Man Constitution Act,
1961, does not embody the Manx Constitution
Marshall Islands
1 May 1979
Martinique
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Mauritania
12 July 1991
Mauritius
12 March 1968; amended 12 March 1992
Mayotte
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Mexico
5 February 1917
Micronesia, Federated States of
10 May 1979
Moldova
new constitution adopted 28 July 1994; replaces old Soviet
constitution of 1979
Monaco
17 December 1962
Mongolia
12 February 1992
Montserrat
present constitution came into force 19 December 1989
Morocco
10 March 1972, revised 4 September 1992, amended (to create
bicameral legislature) September 1996
Mozambique
30 November 1990
Namibia
ratified 9 February 1990; effective 12 March 1990
Nauru
29 January 1968
Nepal
9 November 1990
Netherlands
adopted 1814; amended many times, last time 17 February
1983
Netherlands Antilles
29 December 1954, Statute of the Realm of the
Netherlands, as amended
New Caledonia
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
New Zealand
consists of a series of legal documents, including
certain acts of the UK and New Zealand Parliaments and The
Constitution Act 1986 which is the principal formal charter
Nicaragua
9 January 1987, with reforms in 1995 and 2000
Niger
the constitution of January 1993 was revised by national
referendum on 12 May 1996 and again by referendum on 18 July 1999
Nigeria
new constitution adopted May 1999
Niue
19 October 1974 (Niue Constitution Act)
Norfolk Island
Norfolk Island Act of 1979
Northern Mariana Islands
Covenant Agreement effective 4 November
1986 and the Constitution of the Commonwealth of the Northern
Mariana Islands effective 1 January 1978
Norway
17 May 1814, modified in 1884
Oman
none; note - on 6 November 1996, Sultan QABOOS issued a royal
decree promulgating a new basic law which, among other things,
clarifies the royal succession, provides for a prime minister, bars
ministers from holding interests in companies doing business with
the government, establishes a bicameral legislature, and guarantees
basic civil liberties for Omani citizens
Pakistan
10 April 1973, suspended 5 July 1977, restored with
amendments 30 December 1985; suspended 15 October 1999, restored on
31 December 2002
note: selected provisions of the Constitution pertaining to changes
President MUSHARRAF made while the Constitution was suspended,
remain contested by political opponents
Palau
1 January 1981
Panama
11 October 1972; major reforms adopted 1978, 1983 and 1994
Papua New Guinea
16 September 1975
Paraguay
promulgated 20 June 1992
Peru
31 December 1993
Philippines
2 February 1987, effective 11 February 1987
Pitcairn Islands
1838; reformed 1904 with additional reforms in
1940; further refined by the Local Government Ordinance of 1964
Poland
16 October 1997; adopted by the National Assembly 2 April
1997; passed by national referendum 23 May 1997
Portugal
25 April 1976, revised 30 October 1982, 1 June 1989, 5
November 1992, and 3 September 1997
Puerto Rico
ratified 3 March 1952; approved by US Congress 3 July
1952; effective 25 July 1952
Qatar
provisional constitution enacted 19 April 1972; in July 1999
Amir HAMAD issued a decree forming a committee to draft a permanent
constitution; in the 29 April 2003 referendum, 96.6% of Qatari
voters approved the new constitution
Reunion
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Romania
8 December 1991
Russia
adopted 12 December 1993
Rwanda
on 5 May 1995, the Transitional National Assembly adopted as
Fundamental Law the constitution of 18 June 1991, provisions of the
1993 Arusha peace accord, the July 1994 Declaration by the Rwanda
Patriotic Front, and the November 1994 multiparty protocol of
understanding
Saint Helena
1 January 1989
Saint Kitts and Nevis
19 September 1983
Saint Lucia
22 February 1979
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
27 October 1979
Samoa
1 January 1962
San Marino
8 October 1600; electoral law of 1926 serves some of the
functions of a constitution
Sao Tome and Principe
approved March 1990; effective 10 September
1990
Saudi Arabia
governed according to Shari'a (Islamic law); the Basic
Law that articulates the government's rights and responsibilities
was introduced in 1993
Senegal
a new constitution was adopted 7 January 2001
Serbia and Montenegro
4 February 2003
Seychelles
18 June 1993
Sierra Leone
1 October 1991; subsequently amended several times
Singapore
3 June 1959, amended 1965 (based on preindependence State
of Singapore Constitution)
Slovakia
ratified 1 September 1992, fully effective 1 January 1993;
changed in September 1998 to allow direct election of the president;
amended February 2001 to allow Slovakia to apply for NATO and EU
membership
Slovenia
adopted 23 December 1991, effective 23 December 1991
Solomon Islands
7 July 1978
Somalia
25 August 1979, presidential approval 23 September 1979
note: the Transitional National Government formed in August 2000 has
a mandate to create a new constitution and hold elections within
three years
South Africa
10 December 1996; this new constitution was certified
by the Constitutional Court on 4 December 1996, was signed by then
President MANDELA on 10 December 1996, and entered into effect on 3
February 1997; it is being implemented in phases
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
adopted 3 October 1985
Spain
6 December 1978, effective 29 December 1978
Sri Lanka
adopted 16 August 1978
Sudan
12 April 1973, suspended following coup of 6 April 1985;
interim constitution of 10 October 1985 suspended following coup of
30 June 1989; new constitution implemented on 30 June 1998 partially
suspended 12 December 1999 by President BASHIR
Suriname
ratified 30 September 1987
Swaziland
none; constitution of 6 September 1968 was suspended 12
April 1973; a new constitution was promulgated 13 October 1978, but
was not formally presented to the people; since then a few more
outlines for a constitution have been compiled under the
Constitutional Review Commission (CRC), but so far none have been
accepted
Sweden
1 January 1975
Switzerland
18 December 1998
Syria
13 March 1973
Taiwan
1 January 1947, amended in 1992, 1994, 1997, and 1999
Tajikistan
6 November 1994
Tanzania
25 April 1977; major revisions October 1984
Thailand
new constitution signed by King PHUMIPHON on 11 October 1997
Togo
multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the
Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992
Tokelau
administered under the Tokelau Islands Act of 1948, as
amended in 1970
Tonga
4 November 1875, revised 1 January 1967
Trinidad and Tobago
1 August 1976
Tunisia
1 June 1959; amended 12 July 1988
Turkey
7 November 1982
Turkmenistan
adopted 18 May 1992
Turks and Caicos Islands
introduced 30 August 1976; suspended in
1986; restored and revised 5 March 1988
Tuvalu
1 October 1978
Uganda
8 October 1995; adopted by the interim, 284-member
Constituent Assembly, charged with debating the draft constitution
that had been proposed in May 1993; the Constituent Assembly was
dissolved upon the promulgation of the constitution in October 1995
Ukraine
adopted 28 June 1996
United Arab Emirates
2 December 1971 (made permanent in 1996)
United Kingdom
unwritten; partly statutes, partly common law and
practice
United States
17 September 1787, effective 4 March 1789
Uruguay
27 November 1966, effective February 1967, suspended 27 June
1973, new constitution rejected by referendum 30 November 1980; two
constitutional reforms approved by plebiscite 26 November 1989 and 7
January 1997
Uzbekistan
new constitution adopted 8 December 1992
Vanuatu
30 July 1980
Venezuela
30 December 1999
Vietnam
15 April 1992
Virgin Islands
Revised Organic Act of 22 July 1954
Wallis and Futuna
28 September 1958 (French Constitution)
Yemen
16 May 1991; amended 29 September 1994 and February 2001
Zambia
2 August 1991
Zimbabwe
21 December 1979
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
======================================================================
@2064 Economic aid - recipient
Afghanistan
international pledges made by more than 60 countries and
international financial institutions at the Tokyo Donors Conference
for Afghan reconstruction in January 2002 reached $4.5 billion
through 2006, with $1.8 billion allocated for 2002; another $1.7
billion was pledged for 2003.
Albania
ODA: $315 million (top donors were Italy, EU, Germany) (2000
est.)
Algeria
$162 million (2000 est.)
American Samoa
important financial support from the US, more than
$40 million in 1994
Andorra
none
Angola
$383.5 million (1999)
Anguilla
$3.5 million (1995)
Antigua and Barbuda
$2.3 million (1995)
Argentina
$10 billion (2001 est.)
Armenia
ODA $170 million (2000)
Aruba
$26 million (1995); note - the Netherlands provided a $127
million aid package to Aruba and Suriname in 1996
Azerbaijan
ODA, $140 million (2000 est.)
Bahamas, The
$9.8 million (1995)
Bahrain
$150 million; note - $50 million annually since 1992 from
each of Saudi Arabia, UAE, and Kuwait (2002)
Bangladesh
$1.575 billion (2000 est.)
Barbados
$9.1 million (1995)
Belarus
$194.3 million (1995)
Belize
$NA
Benin
$342.6 million (2000)
Bermuda
$NA
Bhutan
substantial aid from India and other nations
Bolivia
$588 million (1997)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
$650 million (2001 est.)
Botswana
$73 million (1995)
Brazil
$30 billion IMF disbursement (2002)
British Virgin Islands
NA%
Brunei
$4.3 million (1995)
Bulgaria
$300 million (2000 est.)
Burkina Faso
$484.1 million (1995)
Burma
$99 million (FY98/99)
Burundi
$92.7 million (2000)
Cambodia
$548 million pledged in grants and concessional loans for
2001 by international donors
Cameroon
on 23 January 2001, the Paris Club agreed to reduce
Cameroon's debt of $1.3 billion by $900 million; total debt relief
now amounts to $1.26 billion
Cape Verde
$136 million (1999)
Cayman Islands
$NA
Central African Republic
ODA $73 million; note - traditional budget
subsidies from France (2000 est.)
Chad
$238.3 million; note - $125 million committed by Taiwan (August
1997); $30 million committed by African Development Bank; ODA $150
million
Chile
ODA, $40 million (2001 est.)
China
$NA
Christmas Island
$NA
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
$NA
Colombia
$NA
Comoros
$10 million (2001 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
$195.3 million (1995)
Congo, Republic of the
$159.1 million (1995)
Cook Islands
$13.1 million; note - New Zealand continues to furnish
the greater part (1995)
Cote d'Ivoire
ODA, $1 billion (1996 est.)
Croatia
ODA $66 million (2000)
Cuba
$68.2 million (1997 est.)
Cyprus
Greek Cypriot area - $17 million (1998);; Turkish Cypriot
area - $700 million from Turkey in grants and loans (1990-97), which
are usually forgiven (1998)
Czech Republic
$108 million; EU structural adjustment funds (2002)
Djibouti
$36 million (2001)
Dominica
$24.4 million (1995)
Dominican Republic
$239.6 million (1995)
East Timor
$2.2 billion (1999-2002 est.)
Ecuador
$120 million (2001)
Egypt
ODA, $2.25 billion (1999)
El Salvador
total $252 million; $57 million from US (1999 est.)
Equatorial Guinea
$33.8 million (1995)
Eritrea
$77 million (1999)
Estonia
$108 million (2000)
Ethiopia
$308 million (FY00/01)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
none
Faroe Islands
$55 million (annual subsidy from Denmark)
Fiji
$40.3 million (1995)
French Guiana
$NA
French Polynesia
$367 million (1997)
Gabon
$331 million (1995)
Gambia, The
$45.4 million (1995)
Gaza Strip
$800 million (includes West Bank) (2001 est.)
Georgia
ODA $150 million (2000 est.)
Ghana
$6.9 billion (1999)
Gibraltar
$NA; note - if an agreement between Spain and the UK is
reached, could receive 50 million euros from the EU
Greece
$5.4 billion from EU
Greenland
$380 million subsidy from Denmark
Grenada
$8.3 million (1995)
Guadeloupe
$NA; note - substantial annual French subsidies
Guam
Guam receives large transfer payments from the US Federal
Treasury ($143 million in 1997) into which Guamanians pay no income
or excise taxes; under the provisions of a special law of Congress,
the Guam Treasury, rather than the US Treasury, receives federal
income taxes paid by military and civilian Federal employees
stationed in Guam
Guatemala
$250 million (2000 est.)
Guernsey
$NA
Guinea
$359.2 million (1998)
Guinea-Bissau
$115.4 million (1995)
Guyana
$84 million (1995), Heavily Indebted Poor Country Initiative
(HIPC) $253 million (1997)
Haiti
$120 million (FY02)
Holy See (Vatican City)
none
Honduras
$557.8 million (1999)
Hungary
ODA $250 million (2000)
India
$2.9 billion (FY 98/99)
Indonesia
$43 billion from IMF program and other official external
financing (1997-2000)
Iran
$408 million (2002 est.)
Iraq
$327.5 million (1995)
Israel
$720 million from US (2001 est.)
Jamaica
NA
Jersey
none
Jordan
ODA, $553 million (2000 est.)
Kazakhstan
$610 million in US assistance programs, 1992-2000
Kenya
$457 million (1997)
Kiribati
$15.5 million largely from UK and Japan (1995)
Korea, North
$NA; note - nearly $300 million in food aid alone from
US, South Korea, Japan, and EU in 2001 plus much additional aid from
the UN and non-governmental organizations
Kuwait
NA
Kyrgyzstan
$50 million from the US (2001)
Laos
$345 million (1999 est.)
Latvia
$96.2 million (1995)
Lebanon
$3.5 billion (pledges 1997-2001) $4.2 billion in pledges
November 2002 Paris II Aid Conference
Lesotho
$41.5 million (2000)
Liberia
$94 million (1999)
Libya
$15 million (2000)
Liechtenstein
none
Lithuania
$228.5 million (1995)
Macau
$NA
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
$150 million (2001 est.)
Madagascar
$838 million (1997)
Malawi
$540 million (1999)
Maldives
$NA
Mali
$596.4 million (2001)
Malta
$NA
Man, Isle of
$NA
Marshall Islands
more than $1 billion from the US, 1986-2002
Martinique
$NA; note - substantial annual aid from France
Mauritania
$220 million (2000)
Mauritius
$42 million (1997)
Mayotte
$107.7 million; note - extensive French financial assistance
(1995)
Mexico
$1.166 billion (1995)
Micronesia, Federated States of
under terms of the Compact of Free
Association, the US pledged $1.3 billion in grant aid during the
period 1986-2001
Moldova
$100 million (2000)
Monaco
$NA
Mongolia
$208.7 million (1999 est.)
Montserrat
Country Policy Plan (2001) is a three-year program for
spending $122.8 million in British budgetary assistance
Morocco
$565.6 million (1995)
Mozambique
$632.8 million (2001)
Namibia
ODA $160 million (2000 est.)
Nauru
$2.25 million from Australia (FY96/97 est.)
Nepal
$424 million (FY 00/01)
Netherlands Antilles
IMF provided $61 million in 2000, and the
Netherlands continued its support with $40 million
New Caledonia
$880 million annual subsidy from France
Nicaragua
Substantial foreign support
Niger
$341 million (1997)
Nigeria
ODA $250 million (1998)
Niue
$2.6 million from New Zealand (2002)
Norfolk Island
$NA
Northern Mariana Islands
extensive funding from US
Oman
$76.4 million (1995)
Pakistan
$2.4 billion (FY01/02)
Palau
$155.8 million ; note - the Compact of Free Association with
the US, entered into after the end of the UN trusteeship on 1
October 1994, provides Palau with up to $700 million in US aid over
15 years in return for furnishing military facilities
Panama
$197.1 million (1995)
Papua New Guinea
$400 million (1999 est.)
Paraguay
$NA
Peru
$895.1 million (1995)
Philippines
ODA, $1.1 billion (1998)
Pitcairn Islands
$NA
Poland
EU structural adjustment funds
Puerto Rico
$NA
Qatar
$NA
Reunion
$NA; note - substantial annual subsidies from France
Russia
in FY01 from US, $979 million (including $750 million in
non-proliferation subsidies); in 2001 from EU, $200 million
Rwanda
$372.9 million (1999)
Saint Helena
$12.6 million (1995); note - $5.3 million from UK (1997)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
$8 million (2001)
Saint Lucia
$51.8 million (1995)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
approximately $60 million in annual grants
from France
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
$47.5 million (1995); note - EU
$34.5 million (1998)
Samoa
$42.9 million (1995)
San Marino
$NA
Sao Tome and Principe
$200 million in December 2000 under the HIPC
program
Senegal
$362.6 million (2002 est.)
Serbia and Montenegro
$2 billion pledged in 2001 (disbursements to
follow for several years)
Seychelles
$16.4 million (1995)
Sierra Leone
$103 million (2001 est.)
Singapore
$NA
Slovakia
ODA $113 million (2000),; $92 million EU structural
adjustment funds (2000 est.)
Slovenia
ODA, $62 million (2000 est.)
Solomon Islands
$28 million mainly from Japan, Australia, China, and
NZ (2001 est.)
Somalia
$60 million (1999 est.)
South Africa
$487.5 million (2000)
Sri Lanka
$577 million (1998)
Sudan
$187 million (1997)
Suriname
Netherlands provided $37 million for project and program
assistance, European Development Fund $4 million, Belgium $2 million
(1998)
Svalbard
$8.2 million from Norway (1998)
Swaziland
$104 million (2001)
Syria
$199 million (1997 est.)
Tajikistan
$60.7 million from US (2001)
Tanzania
$963 million (1997)
Thailand
$131.5 million (1998 est.)
Togo
ODA $80 million (2000 est.)
Tokelau
from New Zealand about $4 million annually
Tonga
Australia $5.5 million, New Zealand $2.3 million (FY01/02)
Trinidad and Tobago
$24 million (1999 est.)
Tunisia
$222.7 million (2000)
Turkey
ODA, $300 million (2000)
Turkmenistan
$16 million from the US (2001)
Turks and Caicos Islands
$4.1 million (1997)
Tuvalu
$13 million ; note - major donors are Australia, Japan, and
the US (1999 est.)
Uganda
$1.4 billion (2000)
Ukraine
$637.7 million (1995); IMF Extended Funds Facility $2.2
billion (1998)
Uruguay
$NA
Uzbekistan
approximately $150 million from the US (2001)
Vanuatu
$45.8 million (1995)
Venezuela
$74 million (2000)
Vietnam
$2.1 billion in credits and grants pledged by international
donors for 2000
Virgin Islands
$NA
Wallis and Futuna
assistance from France
West Bank
$800 million (includes Gaza Strip) (2001 est.)
Western Sahara
$NA
World
official development assistance (ODA) $50 billion
Yemen
$2.3 billion to be disbursed 2003-07 (2003-07 disbursements)
Zambia
$651 million (2000 est.)
Zimbabwe
$178 million (2000 est.)
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
======================================================================
@2065 Currency
Afghanistan
afghani (AFA)
Albania
lek (ALL)
Algeria
Algerian dinar (DZD)
American Samoa
US dollar (USD)
Andorra
euro (EUR)
Angola
kwanza (AOA)
Anguilla
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Antigua and Barbuda
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Argentina
Argentine peso (ARS)
Armenia
dram (AMD)
Aruba
Aruban guilder/florin (AWG)
Australia
Australian dollar (AUD)
Austria
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by the financial institutions
of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani manat (AZM)
Bahamas, The
Bahamian dollar (BSD)
Bahrain
Bahraini dinar (BHD)
Bangladesh
taka (BDT)
Barbados
Barbadian dollar (BBD)
Belarus
Belarusian ruble (BYB/BYR)
Belgium
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Belize
Belizean dollar (BZD)
Benin
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Bermuda
Bermudian dollar (BMD)
Bhutan
ngultrum (BTN); Indian rupee (INR)
Bolivia
boliviano (BOB)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
marka (BAM)
Botswana
pula (BWP)
Brazil
real (BRL)
British Virgin Islands
US dollar (USD)
Brunei
Bruneian dollar (BND)
Bulgaria
lev (BGL)
Burkina Faso
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Burma
kyat (MMK)
Burundi
Burundi franc (BIF)
Cambodia
riel (KHR)
Cameroon
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note -
responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Canada
Canadian dollar (CAD)
Cape Verde
Cape Verdean escudo (CVE)
Cayman Islands
Caymanian dollar (KYD)
Central African Republic
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc
(XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central
African States
Chad
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible
authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Chile
Chilean peso (CLP)
China
yuan (CNY)
note:: also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB)
Christmas Island
Australian dollar (AUD)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Australian dollar (AUD)
Colombia
Colombian peso (COP)
Comoros
Comoran franc (KMF)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Congolese franc (CDF)
Congo, Republic of the
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF);
note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African
States
Cook Islands
New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Costa Rica
Costa Rican colon (CRC)
Cote d'Ivoire
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Croatia
kuna (HRK)
Cuba
Cuban peso (CUP)
Cyprus
Greek Cypriot area: Cypriot pound (CYP); Turkish Cypriot
area: Turkish lira (TRL)
Czech Republic
Czech koruna (CZK)
Denmark
Danish krone (DKK)
Djibouti
Djiboutian franc (DJF)
Dominica
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Dominican Republic
Dominican peso (DOP)
East Timor
US dollar (USD)
Ecuador
US dollar (USD)
Egypt
Egyptian pound (EGP)
El Salvador
US dollar (USD)
Equatorial Guinea
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note
- responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Eritrea
nakfa (ERN)
Estonia
Estonian kroon (EEK)
Ethiopia
birr (ETB)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Falkland pound (FKP)
Faroe Islands
Danish krone (DKK)
Fiji
Fijian dollar (FJD)
Finland
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
France
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
French Guiana
euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)
French Polynesia
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note -
may adopt the euro in 2003
Gabon
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note -
responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States
Gambia, The
dalasi (GMD)
Gaza Strip
new Israeli shekel (ILS)
Georgia
lari (GEL)
Germany
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Ghana
cedi (GHC)
Gibraltar
Gibraltar pound (GIP)
Greece
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Greenland
Danish krone (DKK)
Grenada
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Guadeloupe
euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)
Guam
US dollar (USD)
Guatemala
quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed
Guernsey
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Guernsey pound
Guinea
Guinean franc (GNF)
Guinea-Bissau
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African
States; previously the Guinea-Bissau peso (GWP) was used
Guyana
Guyanese dollar (GYD)
Haiti
gourde (HTG)
Holy See (Vatican City)
euro (EUR)
Honduras
lempira (HNL)
Hong Kong
Hong Kong dollar (HKD)
Hungary
forint (HUF)
Iceland
Icelandic krona (ISK)
India
Indian rupee (INR)
Indonesia
Indonesian rupiah (IDR)
Iran
Iranian rial (IRR)
Iraq
Iraqi dinar (IQD)
Ireland
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Israel
new Israeli shekel (ILS); note - NIS is the currency
abbreviation; ILS is the International Organization for
Standarization (ISO) code for the NIS
Italy
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Jamaica
Jamaican dollar (JMD)
Japan
yen (JPY)
Jersey
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound
Jordan
Jordanian dinar (JOD)
Kazakhstan
tenge (KZT)
Kenya
Kenyan shilling (KES)
Kiribati
Australian dollar (AUD)
Korea, North
North Korean won (KPW)
Korea, South
South Korean won (KRW)
Kuwait
Kuwaiti dinar (KD)
Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstani som (KGS)
Laos
kip (LAK)
Latvia
Latvian lat (LVL)
Lebanon
Lebanese pound (LBP)
Lesotho
loti (LSL); South African rand (ZAR)
Liberia
Liberian dollar (LRD)
Libya
Libyan dinar (LYD)
Liechtenstein
Swiss franc (CHF)
Lithuania
litas (LTL)
Luxembourg
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Macau
pataca (MOP)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
Macedonian denar (MKD)
Madagascar
Malagasy franc (MGF)
Malawi
Malawian kwacha (MWK)
Malaysia
ringgit (MYR)
Maldives
rufiyaa (MVR)
Mali
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible
authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Malta
Maltese lira (MTL)
Man, Isle of
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Manx pound
Marshall Islands
US dollar (USD)
Martinique
euro (EUR)
Mauritania
ouguiya (MRO)
Mauritius
Mauritian rupee (MUR)
Mayotte
euro (EUR)
Mexico
Mexican peso (MXN)
Micronesia, Federated States of
US dollar (USD)
Moldova
Moldovan leu (MDL)
Monaco
euro (EUR)
Mongolia
togrog/tugrik (MNT)
Montserrat
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Morocco
Moroccan dirham (MAD)
Mozambique
metical (MZM)
Namibia
Namibian dollar (NAD); South African rand (ZAR)
Nauru
Australian dollar (AUD)
Nepal
Nepalese rupee (NPR)
Netherlands
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antillean guilder (ANG)
New Caledonia
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note -
may adopt the euro in 2003
New Zealand
New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Nicaragua
gold cordoba (NIO)
Niger
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Nigeria
naira (NGN)
Niue
New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Norfolk Island
Australian dollar (AUD)
Northern Mariana Islands
US dollar (USD)
Norway
Norwegian krone (NOK)
Oman
Omani rial (OMR)
Pakistan
Pakistani rupee (PKR)
Palau
US dollar (USD)
Panama
balboa (PAB); US dollar (USD)
Papua New Guinea
kina (PGK)
Paraguay
guarani (PYG)
Peru
nuevo sol (PEN)
Philippines
Philippine peso (PHP)
Pitcairn Islands
New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Poland
zloty (PLN)
Portugal
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries
Puerto Rico
US dollar (USD)
Qatar
Qatari rial (QAR)
Reunion
euro (EUR)
Romania
leu (ROL)
Russia
Russian ruble (RUR)
Rwanda
Rwandan franc (RWF)
Saint Helena
Saint Helenian pound (SHP)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Saint Lucia
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
euro (EUR)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)
Samoa
tala (SAT)
San Marino
euro (EUR)
Sao Tome and Principe
dobra (STD)
Saudi Arabia
Saudi riyal (SAR)
Senegal
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Serbia and Montenegro
new Yugoslav dinar (YUM); note - in Montenegro
the euro is legal tender; in Kosovo both the euro and the Yugoslav
dinar are legal (2002)
Seychelles
Seychelles rupee (SCR)
Sierra Leone
leone (SLL)
Singapore
Singapore dollar (SGD)
Slovakia
Slovak koruna (SKK)
Slovenia
tolar (SIT)
Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands dollar (SBD)
Somalia
Somali shilling (SOS)
South Africa
rand (ZAR)
Spain
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by the financial institutions
of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions with the member countries
Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan rupee (LKR)
Sudan
Sudanese dinar (SDD)
Suriname
Surinamese guilder (SRG)
Svalbard
Norwegian krone (NOK)
Swaziland
lilangeni (SZL)
Sweden
Swedish krona (SEK)
Switzerland
Swiss franc (CHF)
Syria
Syrian pound (SYP)
Taiwan
new Taiwan dollar (TWD)
Tajikistan
somoni
Tanzania
Tanzanian shilling (TZS)
Thailand
baht (THB)
Togo
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible
authority is the Central Bank of the West African States
Tokelau
New Zealand dollar (NZD)
Tonga
pa'anga (TOP)
Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
Tunisia
Tunisian dinar (TND)
Turkey
Turkish lira (TRL)
Turkmenistan
Turkmen manat (TMM)
Turks and Caicos Islands
US dollar (USD)
Tuvalu
Australian dollar (AUD); note - there is also a Tuvaluan
dollar
Uganda
Ugandan shilling (UGX)
Ukraine
hryvnia (UAH)
United Arab Emirates
Emirati dirham (AED)
United Kingdom
British pound (GBP)
United States
US dollar (USD)
Uruguay
Uruguayan peso (UYU)
Uzbekistan
Uzbekistani sum (UZS)
Vanuatu
vatu (VUV)
Venezuela
bolivar (VEB)
Vietnam
dong (VND)
Virgin Islands
US dollar (USD)
Wallis and Futuna
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note
- may adopt the euro in 2003
West Bank
new Israeli shekel (ILS); Jordanian dinar (JOD)
Western Sahara
Moroccan dirham (MAD)
Yemen
Yemeni rial (YER)
Zambia
Zambian kwacha (ZMK)
Zimbabwe
Zimbabwean dollar (ZWD)
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
======================================================================
@2066 Death rate (deaths/1,000 population)
Afghanistan
17.15 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Albania
6.48 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Algeria
5.09 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
American Samoa
4.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Andorra
5.74 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Angola
25.83 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Anguilla
5.42 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Antigua and Barbuda
5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Argentina
7.58 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Armenia
10.16 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Aruba
6.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Australia
7.31 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Austria
9.69 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Azerbaijan
9.68 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Bahamas, The
8.68 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Bahrain
3.99 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Bangladesh
8.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Barbados
9.02 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Belarus
14.05 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Belgium
10.07 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Belize
6.05 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Benin
13.65 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Bermuda
7.46 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Bhutan
13.47 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Bolivia
7.91 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
8.21 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Botswana
31 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Brazil
6.13 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
British Virgin Islands
4.46 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Brunei
3.39 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Bulgaria
14.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Burkina Faso
18.76 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Burma
12.17 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Burundi
17.8 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cambodia
9.26 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cameroon
15.3 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Canada
7.61 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cape Verde
6.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cayman Islands
4.7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Central African Republic
19.73 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Chad
16.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Chile
5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
China
6.74 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Christmas Island
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Colombia
5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Comoros
8.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
14.87 deaths/1,000 population
(2003 est.)
Congo, Republic of the
14.2 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cook Islands
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Costa Rica
4.31 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cote d'Ivoire
18.41 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Croatia
11.25 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cuba
7.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Cyprus
7.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Czech Republic
10.74 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Denmark
10.72 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Djibouti
19.45 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Dominica
6.99 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Dominican Republic
6.88 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
East Timor
6.41 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Ecuador
5.29 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Egypt
5.35 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
El Salvador
6.01 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Equatorial Guinea
12.54 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Eritrea
13.23 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Estonia
13.42 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Ethiopia
20.17 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
NA deaths/1,000 population
Faroe Islands
8.7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Fiji
5.7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Finland
9.82 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
France
9.05 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
French Guiana
4.8 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
French Polynesia
4.53 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Gabon
11.17 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Gambia, The
12.35 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Gaza Strip
4.03 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Georgia
14.71 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Germany
10.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Ghana
10.53 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Gibraltar
8.93 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Greece
9.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Greenland
7.66 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Grenada
7.46 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Guadeloupe
6.04 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Guam
4.29 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Guatemala
6.78 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Guernsey
9.84 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Guinea
15.7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Guinea-Bissau
16.62 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Guyana
9.27 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Haiti
13.36 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Honduras
6.44 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Hong Kong
6.19 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Hungary
13 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Iceland
6.95 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
India
8.49 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Indonesia
6.26 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Iran
5.54 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Iraq
5.84 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Ireland
7.94 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Israel
6.2 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Italy
10.12 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Jamaica
5.42 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Japan
8.55 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Jersey
9.17 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Jordan
2.62 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Kazakhstan
10.78 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Kenya
16.01 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Kiribati
8.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Korea, North
6.93 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Korea, South
6.03 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Kuwait
2.45 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Kyrgyzstan
9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Laos
12.39 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Latvia
14.7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Lebanon
6.32 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Lesotho
24.58 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Liberia
17.84 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Libya
3.49 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Liechtenstein
6.85 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Lithuania
12.89 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Luxembourg
8.78 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Macau
3.85 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
7.78 deaths/1,000
population (2003 est.)
Madagascar
11.88 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Malawi
22.64 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Malaysia
5.12 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Maldives
7.65 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Mali
19.21 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Malta
7.8 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Man, Isle of
11.49 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Marshall Islands
5.03 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Martinique
6.41 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Mauritania
13.04 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Mauritius
6.81 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Mayotte
8.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Mexico
4.97 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Micronesia, Federated States of
5.1 deaths/1,000 population (2003
est.)
Moldova
12.7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Monaco
12.82 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Mongolia
7.18 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Montserrat
7.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Morocco
5.78 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Mozambique
30.04 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Namibia
19.17 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Nauru
7.08 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Nepal
9.84 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Netherlands
8.66 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Netherlands Antilles
6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
New Caledonia
5.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
New Zealand
7.54 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Nicaragua
4.69 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Niger
21.71 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Nigeria
13.76 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Niue
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Norfolk Island
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Northern Mariana Islands
2.44 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Norway
9.72 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Oman
3.97 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pakistan
8.79 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Palau
7 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Panama
6.25 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Papua New Guinea
7.63 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Paraguay
4.64 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Peru
5.69 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Philippines
5.6 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Pitcairn Islands
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Poland
9.96 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Portugal
10.21 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Puerto Rico
7.68 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Qatar
4.43 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Reunion
5.49 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Romania
12.25 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Russia
13.99 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Rwanda
21.72 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Saint Helena
6.24 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
8.85 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Saint Lucia
5.24 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
6.74 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
6.08 deaths/1,000 population (2003
est.)
Samoa
6.41 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
San Marino
7.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Sao Tome and Principe
7.11 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Saudi Arabia
5.79 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Senegal
10.88 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Serbia and Montenegro
10.62 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Seychelles
6.49 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Sierra Leone
20.66 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Singapore
4.31 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Slovakia
9.22 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Slovenia
10.15 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Solomon Islands
4.12 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Somalia
17.64 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
South Africa
18.42 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Spain
9.48 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Sri Lanka
6.46 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Sudan
9.59 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Suriname
6.83 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Svalbard
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Swaziland
21.08 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Sweden
10.58 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Switzerland
8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Syria
5.04 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Taiwan
6.2 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Tajikistan
8.46 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Tanzania
17.38 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Thailand
6.86 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Togo
11.51 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Tokelau
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Tonga
5.54 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Trinidad and Tobago
8.71 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Tunisia
5.02 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Turkey
5.95 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Turkmenistan
8.87 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Turks and Caicos Islands
4.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Tuvalu
7.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Uganda
16.95 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Ukraine
16.39 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
United Arab Emirates
4.02 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
United Kingdom
10.21 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
United States
8.44 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Uruguay
8.97 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Uzbekistan
7.97 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Vanuatu
8.13 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Venezuela
4.9 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Vietnam
6.19 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Virgin Islands
5.68 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Wallis and Futuna
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
West Bank
4.16 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Western Sahara
NA deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
World
8.83 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Yemen
9.04 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Zambia
24.3 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Zimbabwe
22.02 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
======================================================================
@2067 Military expenditures - dollar figure
Afghanistan
$525.2 million (FY02)
Albania
$56.5 million (FY02)
Algeria
$1.87 billion (FY99)
Angola
$222.7 million (FY02)
Antigua and Barbuda
$NA
Argentina
$4.3 billion (FY99)
Armenia
$135 million (FY01)
Australia
$11.39 billion (FY02)
Austria
$1.497 billion (FY01/02)
Azerbaijan
$121 million (FY99)
Bahamas, The
$20 million (FY95/96)
Bahrain
$526.2 million (FY01)
Bangladesh
$559 million (FY96)
Barbados
$NA
Belarus
$176.1 million (FY02)
Belgium
$3.077 billion (FY01/02)
Belize
$7.7 million (FY00/01)
Benin
$80.8 million (FY02)
Bermuda
$4.028 million (January 2002)
Bhutan
$9.3 million (FY02)
Bolivia
$147 million (FY99)
Bosnia and Herzegovina
$234.3 million (FY02)
Botswana
$207.3 million (FY02)
Brazil
$13.408 billion (FY99)
Brunei
$329.7 million (FY02)
Bulgaria
$356 million (FY02)
Burkina Faso
$45.83 million (FY02)
Burma
$39 million (FY97)
Burundi
$42.13 million (FY02)
Cambodia
$112 million (FY01 est.)
Cameroon
$118.6 million (FY00)
Canada
$7.861 billion (FY01/02)
Cape Verde
$9.3 million (FY02)
Central African Republic
$13.43 million (FY02)
Chad
$40.74 million (FY02)
Chile
$2.5 billion (FY99)
China
$55.91 billion (FY02)
Colombia
$3.3 billion (FY01)
Comoros
$6 million (FY02)
Congo, Democratic Republic of the
$250 million (FY97)
Congo, Republic of the
$84 million (FY01)
Costa Rica
$69 million (FY99)
Cote d'Ivoire
$143.5 million (FY02)
Croatia
$520 million (2002 est.)
Cuba
$NA
Cyprus
$384 million (FY02)
Czech Republic
$1,190.2 million (FY01)
Denmark
$2.47 billion (FY99/00)
Djibouti
$26.53 million (FY02)
Dominica
$NA
Dominican Republic
$180 million (FY98)
East Timor
$4.4 million (FY03)
Ecuador
$720 million (FY98)
Egypt
$4.04 billion (FY99)
El Salvador
$112 million (FY99)
Equatorial Guinea
$30 million (FY02)
Eritrea
$95.75 million (FY02)
Estonia
$155 million (2002 est.)
Ethiopia
$800 million (FY00)
Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
$NA
Faroe Islands
$NA
Fiji
$39.21 million (FY02)
Finland
$1.8 billion (FY98/99)
France
$46.5 billion (2000)
French Guiana
$NA
Gabon
$81.9 million (FY02)
Gambia, The
$1.2 million (FY02)
Gaza Strip
$NA
Georgia
$23 million (FY00)
Germany
$38.8 billion (2002)
Ghana
$36.01 million (FY02)
Greece
$6.12 billion (FY99/00 est.)
Grenada
$NA
Guatemala
$120 million (FY99)
Guinea
$154 million (FY02)
Guinea-Bissau
$5.6 million (FY02)
Guyana
$NA
Haiti
$50 million (FY00)
Honduras
$35 million (FY99)
Hungary
$1.08 billion (2002 est.)
Iceland
$0
India
$11.52 billion (FY02)
Indonesia
$1 billion (FY98)
Iran
$9.7 billion (FY00)
Iraq
$1.3 billion (FY00)
Ireland
$700 million (FY00/01)
Israel
$8.97 billion (FY02)
Italy
$20.2 billion (2002)
Jamaica
$30 million (FY95/96 est.)
Japan
$39.52 billion (FY02)
Jordan
$757.5 million (FY01)
Kazakhstan
$221.8 million (Ministry of Defense expenditures) (FY02)
Kenya
$185.2 million (FY02)
Kiribati
$NA
Korea, North
$5,217.4 million (FY02)
Korea, South
$13,094.3 million (FY02)
Kuwait
$1,967.3 million (FY01)
note: Kuwait is changing its fiscal year; the above figure is for
July-March 2001; future budget years will be April-March annually
Kyrgyzstan
$19.2 million (FY01)
Laos
$55 million (FY98)
Latvia
$87 million (FY01)
Lebanon
$541 million (2002)
Lesotho
$34 million (1999)
Liberia
$7.8 million (FY02)
Libya
$1.3 billion (FY99)
Lithuania
$230.8 million (FY01)
Luxembourg
$147.8 million (FY01/02)
Macedonia, The Former Yugoslav Republic of
$200 million (FY01/02
est.)
Madagascar
$52.3 million (FY02)
Malawi
$13.01 million (FY02)
Malaysia
$1.69 billion (FY00 est.)
Maldives
$34.46 million (FY02)
Mali
$419.7 million (FY02)
Malta
$60 million (2000 est.)
Marshall Islands
$NA
Mauritania
$37.11 million (FY02)
Mauritius
$9.712 million (FY02)
Mexico
$4 billion (FY99)
Moldova
$6.4 million (FY02)
Mongolia
$23.1 million (FY02)
Morocco
$1.4 billion (FY99/00)
Mozambique
$35.1 million (2000 est.)
Namibia
$73.1 million (FY02)
Nauru
$NA
Nepal
$57.22 million (FY02)
Netherlands
$6.5 billion (FY00/01 est.)
New Caledonia
$192.3 million (FY96)
New Zealand
$605.7 million (FY02)
Nicaragua
$26 million (FY98)
Niger
$20.54 million (FY02)
Nigeria
$417.9 million (FY02)
Norway
$3.113 billion (FY98/99)
Oman
$2.424 billion (FY01)
Pakistan
$2.964 billion (FY02)
Palau
$NA
Panama
$128 million (FY99)
Papua New Guinea
$40.21 million (FY02)
Paraguay
$125 million (FY98)
Peru
$1 billion (FY01)
Philippines
$995 million (FY98)
Poland
$3.5 billion (2002)
Portugal
$1.286 billion (FY99/00)
Qatar
$723 million (FY00)
Romania
$985 million (2002)
Russia
$NA
Rwanda
$59.57 million (FY02)
Saint Kitts and Nevis
$NA
Saint Lucia
$NA
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
$NA
Samoa
$NA
San Marino
$700,000 (FY00/01)
Sao Tome and Principe
$400,000 (FY01)
Saudi Arabia
$18.3 billion (FY00)
Senegal
$68.6 million (FY02)
Serbia and Montenegro
$654 million (2002)
Seychelles
$12.8 million (FY02)
Sierra Leone
$10.26 million (FY02)
Singapore
$4.47 billion (FY01 est.)
Slovakia
$406 million (2002)
Slovenia
$370 million (FY00)
Solomon Islands
$NA
Somalia
$17.1 million (FY02)
South Africa
$1.746 billion (FY02)
Spain
$8.6 billion (2002)
Sri Lanka
$719 million (FY98)
Sudan
$581 million (2001 est.)
Suriname
$NA
Swaziland
$20 million (FY01)
Sweden
$4.395 billion (FY01)
Switzerland
$2.548 billion (FY01)
Syria
$858 million (FY00 est.); note - based on official budget data
that may understate actual spending
Taiwan
$7.574 billion (FY02)
Tajikistan
$35.4 million (FY01)
Tanzania
$19.68 million (FY02)
Thailand
$1.775 billion (FY00)
Togo
$23.72 million (FY02)
Tonga
$NA
Trinidad and Tobago
$90 million (1999)
Tunisia
$356 million (FY99)
Turkey
$8.1 billion (2002 est.)
Turkmenistan
$90 million (FY99)
Tuvalu
$NA
Uganda
$124.7 million (FY02)
Ukraine
$617.9 million (FY02)
United Arab Emirates
$1.6 billion (FY00)
United Kingdom
$31.7 billion (2002)
United States
$276.7 billion (FY99 est.)
Uruguay
$250 million (1999)
Uzbekistan
$200 million (FY97)
Vanuatu
$NA
Venezuela
$934 million (FY99)
Vietnam
$650 million (FY98)
West Bank
$NA
Western Sahara
$NA
World
aggregate real expenditure on arms worldwide in 1999 remained
at approximately the 1998 level, about three-quarters of a trillion
dollars (1999 est.)
Yemen
$482.5 million (FY01)
Zambia
$33.46 million (FY02)
Zimbabwe
$625.1 million (FY02)
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
======================================================================
@2068 Dependent areas
Australia
Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos
(Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald
Islands, Norfolk Island
France
Bassas da India, Clipperton Island, Europa Island, French
Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Glorioso Islands,
Juan de Nova Island, New Caledonia, Tromelin Island, Wallis and
Futuna
note: the US does not recognize claims to Antarctica
Netherlands
Aruba, Netherlands Antilles
New Zealand
Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau
Norway
Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard
United Kingdom
Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory,
British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar,
Guernsey, Jersey, Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint
Helena, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, Turks and
Caicos Islands
United States
American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island,
Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa
Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin
Islands, Wake Island
note: from 18 July 1947 until 1 October 1994, the US administered
the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, but recently entered
into a new political relationship with all four political units: the
Northern Mariana Islands is a commonwealth in political union with
the US (effective 3 November 1986); Palau concluded a Compact of
Free Association with the US (effective 1 October 1994); the
Federated States of Micronesia signed a Compact of Free Association
with the US (effective 3 November 1986); the Republic of the
Marshall Islands signed a Compact of Free Association with the US
(effective 21 October 1986)
This page was last updated on 18 December, 2003
======================================================================
@2070 Disputes - international
Afghanistan
thousands of Afghan refugees still reside in Iran and
Pakistan; isolating terrain and close ties among Pashtuns in
Pakistan make cross-border activities difficult to control;
prolonged regional drought strains water-sharing arrangements for
Amu Darya and Helmand River states
Albania
the Albanian Government calls for the protection of the
rights of ethnic Albanians outside its borders in the Kosovo region
of Serbia and Montenegro, and in the northern Former Yugoslav
Republic of Macedonia, while continuing to seek regional
cooperation; some outside ethnic Albanian groups voice union with
Albania
Algeria
Libya claims about 32,000 sq km in a dormant dispute still
reflected on its maps in southeastern Algeria; armed bandits based
in Mali attack southern Algerian towns; border with Morocco remains
closed over mutual claims of harboring militants, arms smuggling;
Algeria supports the exiled Sahrawi Polisario Front and rejects
Moroccan administration of Western Sahara
American Samoa
none
Andorra
none; border is undemarcated in sections but is not in
dispute (a few French farmers still remain upset about the transfer
of 35 hectares of land to Andorra)
Angola
gives shelter to thousands of refugees from the Democratic
Republic of the Congo while thousands of Angolan refugees still
remain in neighboring states as a consequence of the protracted
civil wars in both states
Anguilla
none
Antarctica
Antarctic Treaty freezes claims (see Antarctic Treaty
Summary in Government type entry); sections (some overlapping)
claimed by Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, NZ, Norway, and UK;
the US and most other states do not recognize the territorial claims
of other states and have made no claims themselves (the US and
Russia reserve the right to do so); no claims have been made in the
sector between 90 degrees west and 150 degrees west; several states
with land claims in Antarctica have expressed their intention to
submit data to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental
Shelf to extend their continental shelf claims to adjoining undersea
ridges
Antigua and Barbuda
none
Arctic Ocean
some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Argentina
claims UK-administered Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
and South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands in its
constitution, but in 1995 ceded the right to settle the dispute by
force; Beagle Channel islands dispute resolved through Papal
mediation in 1984, but armed incidents persist since 1992 oil
discovery; territorial claim in Antarctica partially overlaps UK and
Chilean claims (see Antarctic disputes); unruly region at
convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay borders is locus of money
laundering, smuggling, arms and drug trafficking, and harbors
Islamist militants; uncontested dispute between Brazil and Uruguay
over Braziliera Island in the Quarai/Cuareim leaves the tripoint
with Argentina in question
Armenia
Armenia supports ethnic Armenian secessionists in
Nagorno-Karabakh and militarily occupies 16% of Azerbaijan -
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) continues
to mediate dispute; border with Turkey remains closed over
Nagorno-Karabakh dispute; traditional demands regarding former
Armenian lands in Turkey have subsided; ethnic Armenian groups in
Javakheti region of Georgia seek greater autonomy, closer ties with
Armenia
Aruba
none
Ashmore and Cartier Islands
nationalist group in Indonesia
reportedly seeks to populate reefs to assert claims; Australia has
moved to close reefs to Indonesian traditional fishing and to create
a national park while prospecting for hydrocarbons in the vicinity
Atlantic Ocean
some maritime disputes (see littoral states)
Australia
maritime delimitation and resource sharing agreements
signed with East Timor resolve dispute over "Timor Gap" hydrocarbon
reserves; no agreement reached on dividing Timor Sea with Indonesia
(see Ashmore and Cartier Islands disputes); Australia asserts a
territorial claim to Antarctica and to its continental shelf (see
Antarctica)
Austria
minor disputes with Czech Republic and Slovenia continue
over nuclear power plants and post-World War II treatment of
German-speaking minorities
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