Chapter VI: Evidence of the Effects of Preventive Measures in Raising

THE STANDARD OF HEALTH AND THE CHANCES OF LIFE:— 211

Former health of gaols as compared with the present state 211

Effects of sanitary measures of prevention on the health of
prisoners 214

Comparison of the experience of sickness amongst different
classes of people 216

Amount of sickness experienced by the labouring classes 217

Defects of Insurance tables 218

Effects of sanitary measures in the prevention of disease in
the army and navy 219

_Cost to tenants and owners of the public measures for
drainage, cleansing, and the supplies of water, as
compared with the cost of sickness_:— 222

Cost of measures of prevention as compared with the cost of
sickness and mortality 222

Means of payment for improved accommodation 227

Impolicy of exemptions of tenements from proper charges 229

Injurious effects of exemptions of labourers’ tenements 230

Inability of workmen to improve their own condition 231

Necessity of extrinsic aid for the improvement of the
condition of the working classes 232

_Employers’ influence on the health of workpeople, by means
of improved habitations_:— 233

Advantages to labourers of holding tenements in connexion
with their employments 233

Instance of a superior moral and sanitary condition enjoyed
by workers in a cotton factory 236

Elevation of a manufacturing population by improvements in
the condition of their dwellings 238

Most advantageous construction of manufactories for the
health of the workpeople 240

_The employers’ influence on the health of workpeople_:— 245

By modes of payment which do not lead to temptations to
intemperance 245

By the promotion of personal cleanliness 253

By the ventilation of the places of work and the prevention
of noxious fumes, dust, &c. 256

By promoting respectability in dress 261

Employers’ or owners’ influence in the improvement of
habitations and sanitary arrangements for the protection
of the labouring classes in the rural districts 261

Instances of, in the Bedford Union, 262; Stafford Union,
263, in Norfolk and Suffolk, 264; at Harlaxton,
Lincolnshire, 266; at the Earl of Rosebery’s estate,
Scotland, 266; at Closeburn, Dumfries, 266; Turton and
Bollington, Lancashire, 267; Birmingham 267

Instances of the influence of the materials used in building
upon the health of the inmates in Cheshire, Lancashire,
Buckingham and Berkshire 267

Instances of efficient improvements in the detail of
labourers’ dwellings in Scotland 270

Improvements proposed for the construction of the dwellings
of the lower classes in towns 272

_Effects of public walks and gardens on the health and
morals of the lower classes of the population_ 275