Chapter X (5)

Jones, William, offered the Navy Department in 1801, i. 220;
appointed Secretary of the Navy, vi. 428, 429;
acting Secretary of the Treasury, vii. 43;
recommends legislation to encourage privateering, 336;
his treasury report for 1813, 385;
hostile to Armstrong, 413;
sends Croghan’s expedition to Mackinaw, viii. 32, 33;
favors abandoning impressments as a _sine qua non_, 122;
goes to navy-yard on the morning of Aug. 24, 1814, 137;
expects British advance through Bladensburg, 138;
permits Barney to go to Bladensburg, 139;
orders the vessels at the navy-yard to be burned, 145;
accompanies the President into Virginia, 150;
causes batteries to be erected on the Potomac, 164;
retires from the Navy Department, ix. 63;
becomes president of the United States Bank, 131.

Judiciary Act of 1801, i. 274 _et seq._;
repeal of, moved, 278 _et seq._, 284 _et seq._;
repealed, 298.

Judiciary system, the, Jefferson’s recommendations concerning, i.
255;
attempt to make an elective, iv. 205.

“Junon,” 46-gun British frigate, attacked by gunboats, vii. 270.

Junot, marshal of France, ordered to enter Spain, iv. 117;
marches on Portugal, 119;
enters Lisbon, 120, 121;
capitulates at Cintra, 315.

Keane, John, British major-general, ordered on the New Orleans
expedition, viii. 312;
his caution in leading the advance, Dec. 23, 1814, 342;
after the night battle, 352;
commands assaulting column, Jan. 8, 1815, 372;
attacks and is severely wounded, 376.

Keenan, Thomas, member of Congress from North Carolina, iii. 356.

Kempt, ----, major-general in British army commanding brigade at
Plattsburg, viii. 102.

Kennedy, Laurence, purser of the “Epervier,” viii. 183.

Kentucky in 1800, i. 2, 43;
Resolutions of 1798, 140 _et seq._, 205;
enthusiasm for the war, vi. 390;
number of men in the field, 391, 393;
distaste for the regular army, 391, 394;
militia placed under Harrison’s command, vii. 73, 74;
three regiments at Fort Defiance, 78, 80, 86;
march to the Maumee Rapids, 87;
advance to the River Raisin, 88, 90;
massacred or captured, 95–98;
appearance of, 96, 97;
failures of, 101;
brigade of, sent to Fort Meigs, 105;
massacred or captured, 106;
two divisions, under Governor Shelby, invade Canada, 128, 129;
at the battle of the Thames, 139;
State army raised by, viii. 283;
twenty-five hundred militia ordered to New Orleans, 327, 333;
arrive at New Orleans, 367, 368;
ordered to cross the river, 370, 371;
in reserve, 373;
routed, 377, 379;
growth in population, ix. 155.

Kerr, Mr. Lewis, iii. 303.

Key, Philip Barton, ii. 228;
member of Congress from Maryland, iv. 147;
advises a war policy, 374;
favors navigation bill, v. 185.

King, Rufus, American minister in London, i. 109;
sends the treaty of the retrocession of Louisiana to Jefferson,
409; ii. 23, 178 _et seq._;
obtains from Pitt a definition of neutral importation, 328, 340;
his negotiations with the British government, 345, 347;
returns with favorable conventions, 358;
opinion of F. J. Jackson and Anthony Merry, 361;
on etiquette, 365;
leaves England, 410;
on the Pierce outrage, iii. 199;
Pickering sends a letter of, to Rose, iv. 234;
candidate for Vice-President, 285;
letters to Pickering, 348, 457;
his supposed opposition to Clinton, vi. 410;
elected senator from New York, vii. 48, 49;
moves inquiry in regard to Gallatin’s mission to Russia, 59;
declares a minister in Sweden to be inexpedient, 62, 63;
reports bill to incorporate a national bank, viii. 257;
defeats Monroe’s conscription, 279, 280;
to be placed in the Presidency, 306;
candidate for the Presidency in 1816, ix. 139;
votes for internal improvements, 151.

Kingsbury, lieutenant-colonel of the First Infantry, arrests Adair,
iii. 324.

Kingston, on Lake Ontario, vii. 145;
Armstrong’s plan of attacking, 149;
British garrison at, 150, 151;
Dearborn decides not to attack, 152, 153;
Prevost embarks at, 163, 164;
Wilkinson ordered to attack, 176;
Wilkinson decides to pass, 178;
Armstrong and Wilkinson change opinions regarding, 180–182;
Brown ordered to attack, in February, 1814, viii. 27;
Prevost visits, in October, 1814, 92, 118;
preparations at, for the siege of Sackett’s Harbor, 118, 119.

“Knickerbocker” school of literature, ix. 209–212.

Labouchère, iii. 379; v. 238, 239.

Lacock, Abner, senator from Pennsylvania, opposes the appointment
of Dallas to the Treasury, vii. 397;
consents to Dallas’s appointment, viii. 243.

Lacolle River, Wilkinson’s defeat at, viii. 25, 26;
British force at, 26.

Lady “Prevost,” 13-gun British schooner on Lake Erie, vii. 120;
in action, 124;
crippled and captured, 127.

Laffite, Jean, Pierre, and Dominique, of Barataria, viii. 321.

Lambert, Henry, captain of the British frigate “Java,” vi. 385,
386.

Lambert, John, Travels of, a description of New York under the
embargo, iv. 278.

Lambert, John, British major-general, ordered on the expedition to
New Orleans, viii. 314;
arrives at New Orleans, 367;
commands reserve, 372;
his report of the assault, 376, 377;
recalls Thornton, 380, 381;
escapes, 382;
captures Fort Bowyer, 383–385.

“Landrail,” British cutter captured in the channel, viii. 195, 196.

Langdon, John, of New Hampshire, offered the Navy Department, i.
220;
Jefferson writes to, 330;
nominated for the Vice-Presidency, vi. 214.

Lansdowne, Marquess of, moves for a committee on the Orders in
Council, vi. 275;
on British naval success, vii. 17.

Latour, A. Lacarriere, chief engineer to Jackson at New Orleans,
reports to Jackson the numbers of the British advance, viii.
343, 344;
lays out lines on the west bank, 370;
his services, ix. 236.

Latrobe, Benjamin H., report on steam-engines, i. 68, 70, 112;
letter of, to Volney, 130;
architect of the Capitol, iv. 152;
rebuilds the capitol, ix. 142, 143.

Lauriston, Marquis de, French ambassador to Russia, v. 418.

Laussat, Pierre Clement, French prefect in Louisiana, ii. 5;
arrives at New Orleans, 10, 13;
defines the boundaries of the Louisiana purchase, 255;
declares the Rio Bravo the western limit of Louisiana, 298; iii.
164;
his account of the situation, 298.

“Lawrence,” Perry’s flagship, vii. 120, 127; viii. 111.

Lawrence, James, captain in U. S. navy, commands “Hornet,” vii.
287;
blockades “Bonne Citoyenne,” 288;
sinks “Peacock,” 289, 290;
his previous career, 291;
commands “Chesapeake,” 291;
his defeat and death, 293–302.

Lawrence, William, major of Second U. S. Infantry, commands Fort
Bowyer, viii. 322;
capitulates, 383–385.

Lea, Thomas, i. 257.

“Leander,” British 50-gun frigate, iii. 91, 94;
a shot from, kills John Pierce, 199;
captures “Rattlesnake,” vii. 313.

“Leander,” the, Miranda’s ship, iii. 190.

Lear, Tobias, consul to St. Domingo, i. 389;
quits St. Domingo, 407;
negotiates a treaty with the Pacha of Tripoli, ii. 434;
quoted as authority on the ownership of Florida, vii. 212.

Leavenworth, Henry, major of the Ninth Infantry, viii. 35;
commands right battalion at Chippawa, 42;
at Lundy’s Lane, 50, 53, 56, 58;
wounded, commands brigade, 63, 65;
his opinion of Brown’s order, 65.

Leclerc, Victor Emmanuel, French general, in command of the
expedition against Louverture, i. 378;
seizes Toussaint Louverture, 396;
insults American shipmasters, 407;
reports French losses, 414;
blamed by Napoleon, 416;
his death, 418; ii. 13.

Lee, Charles, counsel for Chase, ii. 228.

Lee, Henry, crippled by Baltimore rioters, vi. 407, 408.

Legal tender, Jefferson’s silence about, in 1814, viii. 247;
not a part of Eppes’s scheme, 248;
denounced by Dallas, 249;
rejected by House of Representatives, 253, 254.

Leib, Michael, member of Congress from Pennsylvania, i. 298; ii.
123, 194, 196 _et seq._;
senator from Pennsylvania, v. 181, 189, 191; vi. 229, 243;
votes against Bank Charter, 337;
his political capacity, 364;
in opposition, vii. 48, 59;
his vote on seizing West Florida, 209;
resigns to become postmaster of Philadelphia, 399, 400; ix. 107.

Leipzig, battle of, vii. 355;
news reaches America, 370, 393.

“Leo,” privateer, viii. 196.

Leonard, Nathaniel, captain in First Artillery, surprised and
captured in Fort Niagara, vii. 203.

“Leopard,” the, sent to search the “Chesapeake,” iv. 4;
accompanies the “Chesapeake” out to sea, 10;
hails the “Chesapeake,” 11;
fires on the “Chesapeake,” 16;
searches the “Chesapeake,” 19.

Leslie, Charles Robert, ix. 213;
his account of Allston, 215.

“Levant,” 20-gun British sloop-of-war, ix. 74;
captured by the “Constitution,” 75–77;
seized by British squadron in Portuguese waters, 78.

Lewis, Captain, of the “Leander,” v. 265.

Lewis and Clark, expedition of, iii. 12, 215.

Lewis, Morgan, of the Livingston connection, i. 108;
elected in 1804 governor of New York, iv. 283;
appointed major-general, vii. 37, 156;
on the capture of Fort George, 158;
withdraws from Stony Creek, 160;
on Dearborn’s health, 161;
ordered to Sackett’s Harbor, 162, 177;
commands division under Wilkinson, 184;
ill at Chrystler’s Farm, 188, 190;
commands district, 407.

Lewis, William, i. 127.

Lewis, William, colonel of Fifth Kentucky militia, vii. 88, 89, 91;
captured, 96.

Liancourt, Duc de, describes Philadelphia, i. 28, 117;
on the Virginians, 33;
on life in Pennsylvania, 42, 45, 52;
on Virginia culture, 133, 157, 165.

Libraries in 1800, i. 61, 63, 129, 152.

Licenses of trade, British, proposed by Spencer Perceval, iv. 88;
favored by Canning, 92;
prescribed by Orders in Council, 103, 323; v. 59, 64;
scandal of, 273;
debate on, 274, 275;
Canning’s remarks on, 278, 280;
Sidmouth’s conditions on, 281;
Castlereagh proposes to abandon, 221, 282;
to be restricted in the war to New England vessels, vii. 31.

Licenses, Napoleon’s system of, v. 246–249;
promised abandonment of, 392, 393;
continued issue of, 400;
repudiated by Napoleon, 414, 417, 422;
municipal character of, vi. 43;
their continued issue, 54;
extension of, 250.

Lieven, Prince de, Russian ambassador in London, vii. 340;
informs Roumanzoff of Castlereagh’s refusal of mediation, 346,
349;
ordered to renew the offer, 348, 351, 352;
refuses to renew the offer, 353.

Lincoln, Abraham, i. 171.

Lincoln, Levi, Attorney-General, i. 219, 304; ii. 2;
on the acquisition of new territory by the United States, 78;
resigns, iii. 10;
governor of Massachusetts, iv. 416;
declines appointment as justice, v. 359.

Lingan, James Maccubin, killed by Baltimore rioters, vi. 407, 408.

Linn, James, member of Congress from New Jersey, i. 295.

Linn, John Blair, i. 123.

“Linnet,” British 18-gun brig on Lake Champlain, viii. 103;
her armament, 104;
in the battle of Plattsburg, 110.

Liston, Robert, British minister, ii. 340, 367.

Literature, American, in 1800, i. 41, 75 _et seq._, 93;
in 1817, ix. 175–218, 238.

“Little Belt,” British sloop-of-war, affair of, v. 25–37, 45, 270.

“Little Belt,” 3-gun British sloop on Lake Erie, vii. 120.

Little Warrior of Wewocau, joins Tecumthe, vii. 223;
murders white families on the Ohio, 224;
is put to death, 225.

Livermore, Edward St. Loe, member of Congress from Massachusetts,
v. 184.

Liverpool, meeting of merchants at, in September, 1814, viii. 198.

Liverpool, Earl of (Baron Hawkesbury), British Foreign Secretary,
ii. 344, 410;
his opinion on Spencer Perceval’s proposed order, iv. 90;
on American partiality to France, v. 50;
succeeds Castlereagh at the War Department, 263;
his view of American duty, vii. 17, 18;
on the opening negotiations at Ghent, ix. 25–27;
on the utmost point of concession, 31;
on the capture of Washington, 36;
writes to Wellington, 40;
abandons claim to territory, 41.

Livingston, Edward, district-attorney and mayor of New York, i.
233, 205; ii. 259;
at New Orleans, iii. 300;
his speech of 1798, viii. 276.

Livingston, Robert R., aids Fulton’s steamboat, i. 69, 112; iii.
216;
his family connection, i. 108, 109;
offered the Navy Department, 219;
appointed minister to France, 233, 295, 404;
discusses the price of Louisiana, ii. 31;
his claims convention, 46;
his estimate of the importance of the cession of Louisiana, 67;
claims West Florida, 68 _et seq._;
his plan of gaining West Florida, 246, 275;
his situation after the treaty, 289;
distrusts Napoleon, 290;
succeeded by Armstrong, 291, 303.

Lloyd, George, lieutenant in the British navy, commanding
sloop-of-war “Castilian,” his report on the loss of the “Avon,”
viii. 190–192.

Lloyd, James, author of the “Boston Memorial,” iii. 144;
elected to succeed J. Q. Adams as senator from Massachusetts, iv.
242;
senator from Massachusetts, vi. 183;
Randolph’s letter to, on the Hartford Convention, viii. 230;
his reply to Randolph, 306.

Lloyd, Robert, captain of the British seventy-four “Plantagenet,”
finds the “General Armstrong” at Fayal, viii. 201;
his report of the destruction of the “General Armstrong,”
202–207, 209.

Loan of 1810, v. 178;
of 1812, for eleven millions, vi. 169;
partial failure of, 207;
of 1813, for twenty millions, 433, 448;
for 1813, of sixteen millions, vii. 44;
for 1814, authorized for twenty-five millions, 389;
threatened failure of, 394;
nine millions obtained in May, viii. 17, 18;
failure of, in July, 1814, 213, 241, 242;
amounts taken in Virginia and Massachusetts, 234;
of eighteen millions, in 1815, for funding treasury notes, ix.
84, 100;
failure of, in 1815, 100–103.

Lockyer, Nicholas, captain of the British sloop-of-war “Sophie,”
negotiates with Jean Laffite, viii. 321.

Logan, George, senator from Pennsylvania, iii. 139;
his proposal to prohibit commerce with St. Domingo, 88;
his bill to prohibit trade with St. Domingo, 140;
wishes to set Monroe aside, 152;
an amateur negotiator, iv. 236.

Logan’s Act, ii. 259; iv. 236.

Long, Charles, joint paymaster-general of the forces, v. 58.

Longstreet, Judge, author of “Georgia Scenes,” i. 52.

Louis Bonaparte, king of Holland, resists Napoleon’s decrees, v.
146;
his interview with Armstrong, 147, 148;
threatened by Napoleon, 236, 237, 240;
stipulates seizure of American ships, 240, 274;
abdicates, 242.

Louisiana, ceded by France to Spain in 1763, i. 353;
retrocession asked by Talleyrand in 1798, 357;
retrocession again asked by Bonaparte in 1800, 363–368;
retroceded by Spain to France in the treaty of San Ildefonso,
Oct. 1, 1800, 370;
Bonaparte plans an expedition to occupy, 399;
boundaries fixed by Decrès, ii. 5;
commercial relations and sentiments prescribed toward the
United States, 8;
ceded by France to the United States, 42;
price of, 45;
importance of cession, 49;
Napoleon’s reasons for selling, 53;
Talleyrand’s explanation of, 55;
treble invalidity of sale, 56;
constitutional question debated in Congress, 96 _et seq._;
plans with regard to the status of, 116;
admitted without an amendment, 118;
bill for temporary government of, 120;
Breckinridge’s bill defining boundaries and government, 120
_et seq._;
bill defining territorial government of, 125, 130;
Spain protests against sale of, 252 _et seq._;
people regarded as unfit for selfgovernment, 399;
they urge the execution of the treaty, 400;
report of Randolph upon their claims, 400;
political effects of purchase of, iii. 17;
boundaries of, 33–35;
disaffection in, 297 _et seq._;
dislike of Claiborne’s administration, 299;
admitted to territorial rights, March 2, 1805, 302;
first territorial legislature of, 302–304;
government offered to Monroe, v. 162;
proposed as a kingdom for the French Bourbons, 239;
admitted into the Union, 323–326; vi. 235;
objects of British expedition to, viii. 313, 314;
Nicholl’s proclamation to natives of, 320, 321;
Jackson’s proclamation to people of, 324, 325;
Jackson’s proclamation to free negroes of, 325;
Monroe warns Jackson of expedition to, 326, 327;
population of, 334;
militia in the night battle at New Orleans, 345, 346;
militia in want of arms, 368;
militia placed on the Chef Menteur road, 369;
militia on the west bank, 370, 371;
militia routed, 377, 378;
to be restored to Spain, ix. 4, 6, 8;
Calhoun’s question regarding purchase of, 149, 152.
(See New Orleans.)

“Louisiana,” American 16-gun sloop-of-war at New Orleans, viii.
344;
descends the river, 355;
hauled beyond range of British guns, 356, 359;
not brought into action, Jan. 1, 1815, 361;
supports Jackson’s line, 368;
not in action of Jan. 8, 374.

“Louisianacide,” Napoleon’s, ii. 37.

Louverture, Toussaint, i. 354;
story of, 378 _et seq._;
champion of Republican principles, 392;
seized and sent to France, 396;
his dependence on the United States for supplies, 406, 416;
his death, ii. 20.

Lowell, John, his pamphlet on disunion, viii. 5;
on the condition of Massachusetts banks, 15;
favors a separate peace, 289, 290;
on the delegates to Hartford, 291;
on H. G. Otis, 294, 295;
approves report of Convention, 300.

Lowndes, William, i. 151;
member of the Twelfth Congress from South Carolina, vi. 122, 164;
his hostility to non-importation, 205, 234, 445, 448;
opposes compromise of forfeitures, 442;
reports inability to decide between Dallas and Calhoun on a
national bank, viii. 252;
in the Fourteenth Congress, ix. 107, 108;
his report on the revenue, 112;
chairman of tariff committee, 114.

Ludlow, Augustus C., first lieutenant on the “Chesapeake,” mortally
wounded, vii. 295.

Luisa, Queen of Spain, i. 345 _et seq._

Lumber trade of New England, depressed in 1815, ix. 97.

Lumley, captain of British 32-gun frigate “Narcissus,” vii. 313.

Lundy’s Lane, Riall advances to, viii. 47;
concentration of forces at, 49, 50;
battle of, 51–64.

Lyman, Theodore, ii. 169; iv. 411.

Lynnhaven Bay, iv. 4, 9.

Lyon, Matthew, member of Congress from Vermont, i. 295;
from Kentucky, his attack on Randolph, ii. 123, 216;
votes against the St. Domingo Bill, iii. 143;
contractor, 175;
favors ships and harbor defences, 180;
with Burr, 220;
favors defence, v. 358.

MacDonnell, G., major in Glengarry Light Infantry, vii. 147.

Macdonough, Thomas, commander in U. S. Navy, commands flotilla on
Lake Champlain, vii. 192; viii. 97;
takes position in Plattsburg Bay, 98;
his force, 104, 105;
his previous career, 106;
his forethought in preparing for action, 107;
his victory, 109, 110; ix. 234;
his losses, viii. 111;
his reward, ix. 141, 142.

“Macedonian,” British frigate, capture of, vi. 382, 383;
effect of capture in England, vii. 6, 7, 9, 13, 16;
blockaded at New London, 278, 279, 287, 311;
action with, compared with that of “Endymion,” ix. 68, 69.

Mackinaw (see Michillimackinaw).

Maclay, William, senator from Pennsylvania, his description of
Jefferson, i. 185.

MacNeil, John, major of Eleventh U. S. Infantry, viii. 35;
at Chippawa, 42;
at Lundy’s Lane, 50;
wounded, 52, 63.

Macomb, Alexander, colonel of Third Artillery, commands reserve in
Wilkinson’s expedition, vii. 184;
lands on north shore of St. Lawrence, 187;
in the advance, 188, 191;
promoted to brigadier, 409;
takes command at Plattsburg, viii. 100;
his account of the British advance, 103;
his effectives, 217;
retained on peace establishment, ix. 88.

Macon, Nathaniel, of North Carolina, i. 149, 261;
chosen Speaker of the House in the Seventh Congress, 267;
Speaker of the Eighth Congress, ii. 95, 123;
opposed to the impeachment of Judge Chase, 150;
Speaker of the Ninth Congress, iii. 128;
reappoints Randolph and Nicholson on the Committee of Ways and
Means, 128;
Jefferson’s advances to, 167;
defeats Bidwell’s amendment by his casting vote, 360;
retires from his office, iv. 153;
letter on the opinions prevailing at Washington, 368;
declares that the embargo is the people’s choice, 421, 453;
votes with Federalists, v. 182;
his bill for excluding British and French shipping, 183, 184;
bill defeated by Senate, 185, 191, 193;
Samuel Smith’s motives for defeating, 185–188, 192, 193;
his bill No. 2, 194, 195;
adopted by Congress, 197, 198;
his remark on manufacturing influence, 197;
his speech on reducing the army and navy in 1810, 201;
his bill admitting the State of Louisiana, with West Florida,
into the Union, 323–326;
not candidate for Speaker, vi. 123, 124;
his account of the opinions prevailing at Washington, 129;
supports war, 145;
his remark on France and England, 196;
his remarks on the repeal of the restrictive system, vii. 377,
378;
favors legal-tender paper, 389; viii. 253, 254;
senator from North Carolina, ix. 108.

MacRee, William, lieutenant-colonel of artillery, at New Orleans,
viii. 345.

Madison, Mrs., iii. 152;
her remarks on Congress, vii. 379, 380.

Madison, Bishop, of Virginia, i. 186.

Madison, James, and the Virginia Resolutions, i. 140 _et seq._,
148, 177;
personal characteristics of, 188 _et seq._;
appointed Secretary of State, 218;
makes no removals in the Department of State, 236;
distrust of, 248, 261;
a commissioner in the Yazoo sale, 304, 322, 332;
instructions of, respecting the retrocession of Louisiana, 405;
asks Pichon to remonstrate with Leclerc, 408;
writes to Livingston, 423, 426;
his orders to Pinckney, 427, 433;
invokes Pichon’s aid, 438, 439, 441;
writes instructions for Livingston and Monroe, ii. 2;
conversation with J. Q. Adams respecting the Louisiana treaty,
117;
favors Yazoo compromise, 211;
instructs Monroe to bargain with Spain for West Florida, 248,
251;
explains the failure to demand West Florida, 256;
sends the ratified claims convention to Madrid, 260, 278, 279;
hopes to be relieved of Yrujo, 267;
communicates with Livingston respecting West Florida and Yrujo,
262;
attempts to cajole Turreau, 273;
Turreau’s description of, 274;
compromised by Pinckney, 276;
recalls Pinckney and hurries Monroe to Spain, 286;
denies that the Government aids desertion of seamen, 345;
communications to Thornton, 362;
proposes a convention with regard to impressments and the
blockade, 385;
remonstrates with Merry respecting impressments, 393;
remains Secretary of State in Jefferson’s second administration,
iii. 10;
writes to Jefferson respecting the claim to West Florida, 55, 60;
his letter to Jefferson concerning Monroe’s failure at Madrid,
59;
proposes negotiations and diplomacy, 70;
his character as a diplomatist, 74;
his pamphlet, “Examination of the British doctrine,” 102, 110;
to be Jefferson’s successor, 120;
his altercation with Casa Yrujo, 185 _et seq._;
his complication with Miranda, 190 _et seq._;
Turreau demands an explanation from, 195;
imposes impossible conditions on Monroe, 402;
writes to Jefferson respecting the new instructions to Monroe,
438;
arranges with Rose a “bridge” for Jefferson, iv. 191;
sends his last reply to Rose, 196;
notifies Erskine that the “Chesapeake” affair has lost
consequence, 199;
the caucus for, in Virginia and Washington, 226;
elected President, 287;
sends Armstrong instructions in response to Champagny’s letter of
Jan. 15, 1808, 305;
his anger with Perceval’s order of April 11, 1808, 327;
threatens a declaration of war, 386;
his opponents in Congress, 428;
inaugurated, 472; v. 1;
his Inaugural Address, 2, 3, 4;
offers the Treasury to Robert Smith, 7, 379;
appoints Robert Smith Secretary of State, 8;
his Cabinet, 9, 10;
nominates J. Q. Adams to Russia, 11;
his letter to Erskine accepting settlement of the “Chesapeake”
affair, 68–70, 89;
issues proclamation renewing intercourse with England, 73, 74;
his views of the change in British policy, 75, 76, 81, 83;
his message of May 23, 1809, 76, 77;
his popularity, 80, 85, 86;
on the disavowal of Erskine’s arrangement, 112;
revives non-intercourse against England, 114;
his negotiation with F. J. Jackson, 117, 122–132;
described by Jackson, 120;
his message of Nov. 29, 1809, 176, 177;
special message of Jan. 3, 1810, asking for volunteers, 179;
his opinions of Samuel and Robert Smith, 186;
dissensions in his cabinet, 188;
remarks on the experiment of unrestricted commerce, 210, 211;
his reply to Napoleon’s note on the right of search and blockade,
250;
his anger at Napoleon’s confiscations, 292;
his instructions of June 5, 1810, to Armstrong on Champagny’s
reprisals, 293, 294;
his devotion to commercial restrictions, 293, 295;
his instructions of July 5, 1810, to Armstrong requiring
indemnity, 295, 296, 297, 299;
his decision to accept the conditions of Champagny’s letter of
August 5, 296, 301;
revives non-intercourse against Great Britain, 303, 304;
takes military possession of West Florida, 308–312, 318;
his supposed character, 310;
his annual message of Dec. 5, 1810, 314, 317–319;
asks authority to take possession of East Florida, 327;
appoints commissioners for East Florida, 327;
decides to enforce the non-intercourse against Great Britain,
347;
his doubts regarding Napoleon’s folly, 350;
his irritation at Smith’s proposed inquiry from Serurier, 350,
351;
offers the State Department to Monroe, 366, 372, 374;
his parting interview with Robert Smith, 375–377;
his anger with Smith, 378;
his translation of _bien entendu_, 387, 388;
his success in maintaining his own system in the Cabinet, vi. 61,
62;
his discontent with Napoleon’s conduct, 63, 64, 125, 187, 218,
224;
his orders to maintain peace with the northwestern Indians, 88,
93;
his attitude toward war with England, 118, 125, 129, 131, 175,
196, 197, 213;
his annual message of Nov. 5, 1811, 124;
entertains Crillon, 179, 185;
his message communicating Henry’s papers, 181;
his embargo message, 193, 198, 199;
his comments on the conduct of the Senate, 203;
sustains non-importation, 205;
renominated for the Presidency, 214;
perplexed by the French decrees, 218;
his letter to Barlow threatening war on France, 218, 259;
his view of the “immediate impulse” to war with England, 220,
226;
his war message, 221–226;
signs declaration of war, and visits departments, 229;
his measures regarding East Florida, 237, 239, 241, 243;
his remarks on Napoleon’s Russian campaign, 265;
his remarks in August, 1812, on the Canadian campaign, 337;
re-elected President, 413;
wishes Monroe to command western army, 419, 420, 425;
his annual message of 1812, 430–433;
his “fair calculation” on Napoleon’s success, vii. 2;
his message on British “demoralizing and disorganizing
contrivances,” 31, 32;
his second Inaugural Address, 33;
his relations toward Gallatin and Monroe, 39;
consents to Gallatin’s departure, 42, 43;
his annual message, May 25, 1813, 53, 54;
dangerous illness of, 55, 58;
his reply to the Senate in regard to Gallatin’s absence, 59, 60;
his skill in overthrowing an enemy, 64;
goes to Montpelier, 70;
his annual message of Dec. 7, 1813, 365, 366;
his embargo message of Dec. 9, 1813, 367, 368, 372, 392;
accepts Castlereagh’s offer of direct negotiation, 371;
nominates commissioners and a Secretary of the Treasury, 371;
his obstinacy, 372, 393;
abandons system of commercial restrictions, 373, 374, 379;
causes of his abandonment of commercial restrictions, 373, 374,
377, 394, 395;
his language about Napoleon, 392;
appoints G. W. Campbell Secretary of the Treasury, 396, 397;
appoints Richard Rush attorney-general, 398;
appoints R. J. Meigs postmaster-general, 401;
overcomes his party enemies, 402;
his dislike of Armstrong, 405, 406, 414;
offended by Armstrong’s letter appointing Andrew Jackson a
major-general, 410, 411;
his court-martial on William Hull, 415–417;
his mode of resisting usurpations on State rights, viii. 8;
irritated by Armstrong’s neglect to defend Washington, 121;
calls a cabinet meeting, June 23, 1814, 121;
selects General Winder to command at Washington, 122;
calls for militia, 131, 132;
reviews the army at the Old Fields, 134;
goes to Winder’s headquarters at eight o’clock on the morning of
August 24, 137;
arrives on the battle-field at Bladensburg, 140;
his movements, August 24–27, 149–151, 156, 157, 300; ix. 21;
charges Monroe with the war department in Armstrong’s absence,
viii. 158;
his interview with Armstrong, August 29, 160, 161;
greatly shaken by the capture of Washington, 160, 230, 231;
appoints Monroe Secretary of War, 163;
his unpopularity, 229, 230;
his disappointments, 237, 238;
his annual message of Sept. 20, 1814, 239, 240;
vetoes bill for incorporating a national bank, 260;
to be coerced into retiring, 306, 309; ix. 3, 4;
characterized by the London press, ix. 2–6;
decides to omit impressment from treaty, 33;
Lord Liverpool’s remark on, 36;
sends treaty of peace to the Senate, 58;
recommends preparation for war, 82, 83;
his annual message of 1815, 105, 106;
his annual message of 1816, 143, 144;
his veto of internal improvements, 151, 169, 192, 220;
his retirement, 153.

Maguaga, battle of, vi. 325.

“Maidstone,” 36-gun British frigate, vii. 266.

Mail routes in 1800, i. 15;
in 1816, ix. 170, 171.

Maine, District of, a part of Massachusetts, i. 20;
boundary of, disputed, ii. 358, 383, 392; viii. 4, 94, 95;
two counties of, occupied by British expedition in 1814, viii.
95, 96, 267, 272; ix. 17;
portion of, demanded by Great Britain, viii. 268, 287;
concessions proposed by Governor Strong, 288;
territory of, required by England, ix. 8;
cession assumed by the _uti possidetis_, 10;
claimed at Ghent, 19, 25;
claim partially abandoned, 34, 35;
claim rejected, 37;
claim wholly abandoned, 42, 52;
relative prosperity of, 155, 157, 160.

Maitland, General, at St. Domingo, i. 385.

“Majestic,” 56-gun British frigate, intercepts the “President,” ix.
64, 66, 67.

Malbone, Edward G., i. 149;
his painting, ix. 214, 215.

Malden, British trading post on the Detroit River, vi. 73, 80, 85,
300;
to be besieged by Hull, 303, 314;
British force at, 312, 313;
evacuated by Proctor, vii. 130, 131;
occupied by Harrison, 132;
in the negotiation at Ghent, ix. 34.

Malmesbury, Lord, patron of F. J. Jackson, iv. 64.

“Mammoth,” privateer, in British waters, viii. 196.

Manhattan Company of New York city, i. 65, 70.

Manners and morals, American, in 1800, i. 48 _et seq._

Manners, William, captain of the British sloop-of-war “Reindeer,”
his action with the “Wasp,” viii. 186–188.

Mannheim, proposed Congress at, vii. 373.

Manufactures in New England in 1800, i. 22;
growth of, in 1809–1810, v. 15–19;
political influence of, 197;
protection of, 319;
stimulated by the war, viii. 34;
depressed by the peace, ix. 95, 96;
protection of, recommended by Madison, 105;
protective tariff recommended by Dallas, 106;
Dallas’s scheme for protecting, 111, 112;
protection opposed by Randolph, 112, 113;
protective tariff of 1816, 114–116;
value of, 160.

Marblehead, privateersmen from, vii. 337.

Marbois, Barbé, favors the cession of Louisiana, ii. 26;
removed from office, iii. 371–374.

Marbury against Madison, case of, ii. 145 _et seq._

Maret, Hugues Bernard, Duc de Bassano, Napoleon’s secretary, v.
143;
succeeds Champagny as Minister of Foreign Affairs, 401;
his report to Napoleon of March 10, 1812, vi. 216, 253;
his negotiation with Joel Barlow, 248–263;
his instructions to Serurier of October, 1811, on the revocation
of the decrees, 248, 249;
communicates Decree of St. Cloud to Barlow and Serurier, 255–257;
his instructions to Dalberg, 260;
invites Barlow to Wilna, 263;
dismisses his guests, 264.

Marietta, Ohio, in 1800, i. 2.

Marlboro, in Maryland, Ross camps at, Aug. 22, 1814, viii. 130;
returns to, Aug. 26, 148.

Marmont, Marshal, his story of Decrés, v. 222.

Marriatt, Joseph, his pamphlet in 1808, iv. 333.

Marshall, Humphrey, of Kentucky, i. 268;
on W. H. Harrison, vi. 107.

Marshall, John, Chief-Justice, i. 133;
Jefferson’s antipathy to, 192;
personal characteristics of, 193;
detests Jefferson, 194;
his constitutional views, 256;
his influence on Story, 260;
his opinion of Jefferson, 262;
his appointment obnoxious to Jefferson, 275, 290; ii. 145;
fear of his decisions, i. 298; ii. 143;
opinion of, respecting the powers of Government in the Louisiana
case, ii. 125;
his decision in the Marbury case, 146;
his decision in the Yazoo case, 214;
his definition of treason in the case of Bollman and Swartwout,
iii. 340, 443;
presides over the trial of Burr, 442;
refuses to commit Burr for treason, and rebukes the Government
for laxity in procuring proof, 445;
threatened with removal from office, 447;
and impeachment, 466, 470, 471;
his alleged sympathy with Burr, 461;
his decision in the Burr trial, 467 _et seq._; iv. 147;
menaced in Jefferson’s annual message of 1807, 155;
Jefferson’s desire to punish, 205;
his decision in the case of the United States _v._ Fisher
_et al._, 270;
inclines to Pickering’s view of Jefferson, 348;
his judicial opinions, ix. 188–191.

Martin against Hunter’s Lessee, Story’s opinion in case of, ix.
190–192.

Martin, Luther, Chase’s counsel, his view of impeachment, ii. 223,
227, 231;
Burr’s counsel, iii. 444;
attacks Jefferson, 449;
angers Jefferson, 453;
his speech in the Burr trial, 465.

Maryland, her electoral vote, vi. 406, 413;
affected by the blockade, vii. 264;
Admiral Cockburn’s operations against the shores of, 265–269;
election of 1814, viii. 228;
creates a State army, 282;
growth of population, ix. 155, 161;
increase of wealth in, 163.

Mason, Armistead, succeeds Giles as senator from Virginia, ix. 107.

Mason, George, i. 133.

Mason, Jeremiah, elected senator from New Hampshire, vii. 48;
votes against a mission to Sweden, 63;
his speech against Giles’s bill for drafting militia, viii. 271;
votes for internal improvements, ix. 151.

Mason, John Thomson, declines appointment as attorney-general, iii.
11; iv. 168.

Mason, Jonathan, iv. 411;
his letter to Nicholas on the alternative to disunion, viii. 306,
307.

Massa, Duc de, letter from, v. 347.

Massac (see Fort Massac).

Massachusetts, population of, in 1700 and 1800, i. 20;
valuation of, 23;
society of, in 1800, 76;
political divisions of, 76, 82;
suffrage in, 86;
intellectual activity of, 93;
separatist tendency in, 138;
judicial tenure in, 256;
Jefferson’s conception of, 310, 315, 329;
the necessary head of a New England Confederation, ii. 163;
election of May, 1804, 163;
political apathy in, 165–168, 170;
chooses republican electors in 1804, 201, 204;
anxiety for settlement of eastern boundary, 392;
militia of, iv. 210;
feelings of, toward Virginia in 1808, iv. 409–420, 433;
proceedings of legislature in February, 1809, 416;
address of legislature in March, 1809, 456;
“Patriotick Proceedings” of, in 1809, 458, 459;
tonnage of, v. 15;
manufactures of, 17–19;
resolutions of legislature regarding F. J. Jackson, 214;
election of 1810, 215;
republican control of, in 1810 and 1811, vi. 115;
Federalists recover control in 1812, 204;
gives trouble to Dearborn, 305;
refuses obedience to call for militia, 309;
temper of, in 1812, 399–402;
federalist majority in the elections of 1812, 413;
disaffection of, vii. 33;
election in April, 1813, 50;
delays action, 52;
reports and resolutions of legislature in 1813, 64–66;
banks of, their condition and influence, 386–389;
expression of legislature in January, 1814, viii. 2, 3;
blockaded April 25, 1814, 3;
in danger from both sides, 4;
town meetings in January, 1814, 5–7;
report of legislature on a New England Convention, Feb. 18, 1814,
8;
election in April, 1814, 9–11, 13;
prosperity in 1814, 14;
expressions of clergy, 20–23;
regular troops in, vii. 284; viii. 95, 316;
territory of, occupied, 95, 96;
object of, in dependence on militia, 220;
places militia under State major-general, 221; ix. 160;
“dangerous and perplexing” situation of, viii. 222–224;
calls a New England Convention at Hartford, 225–227, 287;
election of November, 1814, a federalist triumph, 228, 288, 289;
Jefferson’s remark that Virginia got no aid from, 233;
money furnished by, 233–235;
men furnished by, 235, 236;
moral support furnished by, 236, 237;
arrears of internal taxes in, 255, 256;
legislature of, refuses to co-operate in expelling enemy from
Maine, 272, 304;
creates a State army of ten thousand men, 272, 282;
her delegation to the Hartford Convention, 290–292;
accepts the report of the Hartford Convention, 295, 301;
banks refuse to lend money to the State, 302;
suspends organization of State army, 303;
disunion sentiment of, 305–308;
her indifference to the negotiation at Ghent, ix. 16, 45;
alone interested in the obstacles to a treaty, 49;
election of April, 1815, 92;
interests affected by peace, 95, 97;
suffers from Dallas’s arrangements, 98–103;
election of April, 1816, 133;
legislature denounces Compensation Act, 137;
in Presidential election of 1816, 139.

Massassinway, council at, vi. 111.

“Matilda,” privateer, captured, vii. 330.

Matthews, George, appointed commissioner to take possession of East
Florida, vi. 237;
his proceedings, 238–240;
disavowed, 240–242.

McArthur, Duncan, colonel of Ohio militia, vi. 298, 326, 328, 332,
334;
brigadier-general, vii. 128.

McClure, George, brigadier-general of New York militia, commands at
Niagara, vii. 200;
evacuates Fort George and burns Newark, 201, 202.

McDonald, William, captain in Nineteenth U. S. Infantry, on
Ripley’s staff, his account of the battle of Lundy’s Lane, viii.
55, 57.

McDonogh, P., lieutenant of artillery in Fort Erie, viii. 76.

McFarland, D., major of Twenty-third U. S. Infantry, viii. 35;
at Chippawa, 42;
at Lundy’s Lane, 50;
wounded, 52, 63.

McKean, Thomas, Governor of Pennsylvania, i. 228; iii. 210;
declines to remove Judge Brackenridge, ii. 196, 259.

McKee, John, vi. 237.

McLean, John, member of Congress from Ohio, ix. 107.

McQueen, Peter, half-breed Creek Indian, visits Pensacola, vii.
228;
attacked at Burnt Corn, 229;
captures Fort Mims, 229–231;
claims forty-eight hundred gun-men, 233;
escapes to Florida, 257.

McRae, Alexander, counsel for Burr, iii. 445.

McRee, William, major of engineers, advises Brown to move against
Riall, viii. 47;
directs entrenchments at Fort Erie, 67, 76; ix. 235.

Meade, lieutenant of the British frigate “Leopard,” iv. 12.

Meade, Cowles, governor of Mississippi Territory, iii. 304;
arrests Burr, 326.

Meade, William, bishop of Virginia, i. 193.

Mecklenburg, Grand Duchy of, closes its ports to American commerce,
v. 413.

Mediterranean Fund, the, ii. 141; iii. 137, 182, 183.

Meigs, Return Jonathan, appointed postmaster-general, vii. 401.

“Melampus,” British frigate, iv. 2, 23; vi. 25.

Melville, Viscount, First Lord of the Admiralty, iii. 235, 238.

“Menelaus,” British frigate, engaged in house-burning on the
Potomac, viii. 164;
off Sassafras River, 165.

Merry, Anthony, appointed British minister to the United States,
ii. 360;
his arrival and reception by Jefferson, 361 _et seq._, 380, 381,
390;
dines at the White House, 369;
affronted and declines the President’s invitations, 375;
union of, with Burr, 390;
writes to his Government on the boundary question, 392;
remonstrates with Madison respecting the enlistment of deserters,
393;
receives a message from Burr, 395;
inquires meaning of impressment act, 397, 398;
communicates Burr’s plan to his Government, 403;
his instructions in November, 1804, 422–424;
writes to his Government concerning the failure of the Spanish
mission, iii. 96;
his account of Madison’s conversation, 98;
of Jefferson’s, 101;
his report of the sensation produced by the seizures, 109;
informs his Government respecting the Non-importation
Resolutions, 150;
takes Yrujo’s part, 188;
his report to his Government of the apprehensions of the
Americans, 198;
advises Fox against concessions, 202;
upholds Burr, 219;
alarmed by the publicity of Burr’s schemes, 226;
confers with Burr respecting his journey to the west, 230
_et seq._;
recalled by Fox, 250;
his last interview with Burr, 250;
Jackson’s allusions to, v. 118–121.

Message, annual, of 1801, i. 248–263;
annual, of 1802, 427–429;
special, of Dec. 22, 1802, on violation of the right of deposit,
430;
annual, of 1803, ii. 92;
special, of March 20, 1804, on the loss of the frigate
“Philadelphia,” 140;
special, of Feb. 3, 1803, inviting the impeachment of Judge
Pickering, 143;
special, of Dec. 21, 1803, on the Spanish claims, 259;
annual, of Nov. 8, 1804, 206–208, 263;
annual, of 1805, iii. 111 _et seq._, 128, 129;
special, on Spanish relations, Dec. 6, 1805, 115–118, 130
_et seq._;
special, on British spoliations, 145;
referred, 146;
annual, of 1806, 329, 345;
special, of Jan. 22, 1807, on Burr’s conspiracy, 337;
annual, of 1807, iv. 149, 150, 153–156;
special, of Nov. 23, 1807, on the failure of Burr’s trial, 156;
special, of Dec. 18, 1807, recommending an embargo, 168–170, 228,
229;
special, of Feb. 25, 1808, recommending an increase of the
regular army, 212;
special, of March 22 and 30, 1808, communicating papers relating
to England and France, 218;
annual, of Nov. 8, 1808, 361, 364;
first annual, of President Madison, May 23, 1809, v. 76;
annual, of Nov. 29, 1809, 176–178;
special, of Jan. 3, 1810, asking for volunteers, 179;
annual, of Dec. 5, 1810, 317–319;
special, of Feb. 19, 1811, on the revocation of the French
decrees, 347, 348;
annual, of Nov. 5, 1811, vi. 124–126;
special, of March 9, 1812, communicating John Henry’s papers,
181;
special, of April 1, 1812, recommending an embargo for sixty
days, 198;
of April 24, 1812, asking for two assistant Secretaries of War,
206;
of June 1, 1812, recommending a declaration of war with England,
221–226;
annual, of Nov. 4, 1812, 430–433;
special, of Feb. 24, 1813, on British licenses of trade with New
England, vii. 31, 32;
annual of May 25, 1813, 53, 54;
annual of Dec. 7, 1813, 365; ix. 5;
special of Dec. 9, 1813, asking for an embargo, vii. 367, 368,
372;
special of March 31, 1814, recommending abandonment of commercial
restrictions, 373, 374;
annual of Sept. 20, 1814, viii. 239;
veto, of Jan. 30, 1815, on the bill to incorporate the United
States Bank, 260;
special, of Feb. 20, 1815, transmitting treaty of peace, ix. 82;
annual, of Dec. 5, 1815, 105;
annual, of Dec. 3, 1816, 143, 144;
special, of March 3, 1817, vetoing bill for internal
improvements, 151.

“Messenger,” stallion, i. 51.

Mexico, Jefferson’s language to, iv. 340, 341.

Michigan Territory, iii. 176;
population in 1810, v. 289.
(See Detroit.)

Michillimackinaw, Island of, vi. 294;
captured by British expedition, 314, 320;
Croghan’s expedition against, viii. 32;
demanded by British at Ghent, ix. 34.

Milan Decree (see Decrees).

Militia, condition of, in 1808, iv. 210, 213;
appropriation for, 224;
constitutional power of Congress over, vi. 159, 160, 400;
Cheves’s opinion on the war power, 160;
act authorizing call for one hundred thousand, 204, 390;
refuses to cross the frontier, 351, 352, 360;
of Kentucky, 391, 393 (see Kentucky, Tennessee, Georgia,
Washington City);
praised by political parties, viii. 217;
system a failure in 1814, 217–219;
tainted with fraud, 219;
intended for overthrowing the national government, 220;
of Massachusetts and Connecticut withdrawn from national service
in September, 1814, 220, 221;
of Vermont refused for defence of Plattsburg, 222;
views of the Massachusetts Senate regarding, 226;
Monroe’s complaints of, 264;
Monroe’s scheme for drafting from, 265, 266;
Giles’s bill for raising eighty thousand by draft, 269–280;
Troup’s opinion of, 274;
Madison’s recommendation for, ix. 105.

Mill, James, his reply to Spence and Cobbett, iv. 329.

Milledge, John, Governor of Georgia, and the Yazoo sale, i. 305.

Miller, James, lieutenant-colonel of Fourth U. S. Infantry, at
Detroit, vi. 326, 328;
appointed colonel of the Twenty-first Infantry, viii. 36;
at Lundy’s Lane, captures the British guns, 54, 55, 60;
promoted to brigadier, takes command of Scott’s brigade, 87;
carries British battery in sortie from Fort Erie, 87, 88.

Miller, John, colonel of Nineteenth U. S. Infantry, leads sortie at
Fort Meigs, vii. 107.

Miller, Morris S., member of Congress from New York, on the States
taking care of themselves in 1814, viii. 276.

Miller, Samuel, captain of marines, at Bladensburg, viii. 143.

Minor of Natchez, iii. 224, 225, 315.

Mint, opposition to, i. 299; ii. 77.

Miranda, Francesco de, his plans to revolutionize Colombia, iii.
189 _et seq._;
distrusted by Burr, 189, 238;
visits Washington, 190;
his letter to Madison, 191;
sails, 191;
defeated by the Spaniards, 209;
returns to New York, 238.

Mirò, Governor, iii. 269.

Mississippi, district of, created, ii. 257.

Mississippi militia, with Jackson at Mobile, viii. 328;
at New Orleans, 333, 337, 344–346.

Mississippi River, British right of navigating, under the treaty of
1783, ix. 44–46, 52.

Mississippi Territory, admitted into the Union, ix. 119.

Mitchell, D. B., Governor of Georgia, vi. 242.

Mitchill, Dr. Samuel L., i. 69, 93, 110;
in the Seventh Congress, 264;
in the Eighth Congress, ii. 153, 218, 238;
senator from New York, iii. 126, 139, 430, 431.

Mobile, intended to be seized at the outbreak of the war, vii. 206,
207;
Congress authorizes seizure of, 208, 209;
Gallatin’s remonstrance against seizure of, 211–213;
Armstrong orders seizure of, 213, 214;
Wilkinson takes possession of, 217;
Vice-Admiral Cochrane recommends expedition to, viii. 311;
Andrew Jackson arrives at, Aug. 15, 1814, 319, 320;
Jackson waits at, 320–331;
Jackson leaves for New Orleans, Nov. 22, 1814, 331–333.

Mobile Act, annexing Mobile to the Union, ii. 255, 257, 260–263,
291, 293, 304, 380; vi. 236;
criticised by Cevallos, iii. 25;
explained by Jefferson, 56;
Randolph’s explanation of, 163.

“Modern Chivalry,” i. 125.

“Mohawk,” British sloop-of-war, vii. 266.

Mollien, Nicholas François, appointed Minister of the Treasury by
Napoleon, iii. 371.

Money, Captain, of the British ship “Trave,” commands sailors at
the battle of Jan. 8, 1815, wounded, viii. 379.

Monroe, James, and the Callender scandal, i. 325;
nominated minister extraordinary to France and Spain, 433;
accepts, 436;
his language to Pichon, 440;
his instructions, 442;
sails for France, ii. 1;
his arrival in France, 26;
illness of, in Paris, 39;
his draft of claims convention, 41;
his share in the negotiation, 50;
under the influence of other men, 67;
commissioned to negotiate with Spain for West Florida, 248;
takes Rufus King’s place in London, 275, 288, 410;
distrusts Livingston, 289;
returns to Paris, 292, 301;
is instructed to insist upon the right to West Florida, 301;
writes to Talleyrand, 304;
starts for Madrid, 307, 422;
receives answer from Talleyrand, 313;
in ignorance of Pitt’s schemes, 419;
interview with Lord Harrowby, 420;
warns the President to expect a change in British policy, 422;
envoy extraordinary to Spain, arrives in Madrid Jan. 2, 1805,
iii. 23;
his correspondence with Cevallos, 23–36;
his letter to Armstrong, March 1, 1805, threatening a quarrel
with France, 30;
leaves Spain, 37;
adopts Armstrong’s views, 40;
returns to London, 42, 47;
intends to return home in November, 1805, 43;
expects a change in British policy, 43;
negotiations with Mulgrave, 47;
advises the President to press on England and France at once, 49;
his Spanish failure discussed in Cabinet, 58, 65–67;
favored by Randolph for the Presidency, 122, 166;
affected by Senate scheme for a special mission, 150–152;
warned by Jefferson against Randolph, 165;
has his first interview with Fox, 393;
hurt by the appointment of Pinkney as his associate, 400, 414;
his instructions regarding the treaty, 400 _et seq._;
disregards instructions, and signs treaty, 408 _et seq._;
embarrasses Jefferson by his treaty, 411, 434;
his letter to Colonel Taylor of Caroline defending his treaty,
413;
unfortunate in diplomacy, 415;
negotiates with Canning with regard to the “Chesapeake” affair,
iv. 42 _et seq._;
leaves London, 51;
warns Jefferson of danger from England, 71;
sails for home, 128;
Jefferson’s friendship for, 129;
Pickering’s opinion of, 130;
reaches Washington, Dec. 22, 1807, 183;
goes into opposition, 194;
caucus for, 226, 284;
his letter to Nicholson on support asked for the embargo, 346;
Madison’s advances to, v. 159, 161, 162;
his state of mind, 162;
offered the State Department, 366;
his acceptance and policy, 368–374;
takes charge, 380;
Secretary of State, April 1, 1811, vi. 50;
his sensitiveness about the title to West Florida, 38;
his reply to Foster’s protest against the seizure of Florida, 38,
39;
blames Jonathan Russell for questioning the revocation of the
French decrees, 42;
asserts the revocation of the French decrees, 42, 43;
abandons task of reconciliation with England, 44;
requires revocation of the Orders in Council, 45;
delays Barlow’s departure, 50;
his remonstrances to Serurier about Napoleon’s conduct, 51, 54,
188, 189, 194, 195, 200, 217;
his remarks on protection accorded to commerce, 58;
his acceptance of Madison’s policy, 59–61;
affirms to Foster the repeal of Napoleon’s decrees, 65;
his letter of June 13, 1812, to John Taylor of Caroline, 66;
his language to Serurier, in October, 1811, 120;
informs Serurier in November of executive plan, 129;
agrees to assist the independence of Spanish America, 130;
negotiates purchase of Henry’s papers, 178–180;
his remarks to Foster on Wellesley’s instructions, 192;
his conference with House Committee of Foreign Relations, March
31, 1812, 197;
his remarks on the embargo, 199, 200, 202;
his relations toward Matthews and the occupation of East Florida,
238, 240, 241, 242;
his criticisms on the conduct of the war, 396, 397;
assures Serurier he will not negotiate for peace, 415;
proposes to negotiate, 416;
proposes to take a military commission, 419, 420;
hesitates between civil or military control of the war, 421–423;
becomes acting Secretary of War, 423;
excites jealousy, 424, 425;
abandons military career, 425, 426;
offers to prohibit the employment of foreign seamen, 451;
expected to command the army, vii. 35, 37;
declines commission as major-general, 37;
his protest against Armstrong’s military control, 37, 38;
his reply to the Czar’s offer of mediation, 41;
acquiesces in Gallatin’s departure, 42;
his instructions to the peace commissioners in April, 1813, 47,
211;
goes as scout to the lower Potomac, 56;
acting Secretary of War, 81;
his views on the force required for conquering Canada, 148;
instructs commissioners to assert right to Florida, 211;
his views on the seizure of Florida, 212, 213;
his remarks to Serurier on intercourse with Canada, 392;
his antipathy to Armstrong, 411;
advises the President to remove Armstrong, 412, 413;
charges Armstrong with improper ambition, 414;
friendly to Izard, viii. 114;
irritated by Armstrong’s indifference to the defence of
Washington, 121;
accedes to the abandonment of impressment as a _sine qua non_,
122;
acts as a scout, August 19 and 20, 131;
joins Winder, August 21, 133;
notifies Madison and Serurier of expected battle at Bladensburg,
133, 138;
goes to Winder’s headquarters on the morning of August 24, 137;
arrives first on the battle-field at Bladensburg, 139;
changes the order of troops, 140;
returns to Washington, 152;
at Rockville, 156;
returns with the President to Washington, 157;
takes charge of the War Department, 158, 160;
effect of his course on Armstrong, 159;
claims the War Department, 161, 162;
appointed Secretary of War in September, 1814, 163;
admits failure of recruiting service, 216, 266;
declines to receive Massachusetts militia into national service
under a State major-general, 221;
asks Congress for one hundred thousand regular troops in October,
1814, 264;
recommends a draft, 265;
borrows national loans on his private credit, 283, 284;
warns Jackson Sept. 25, 1814, of British expedition against
Louisiana, 326, 329;
his measures for the defence of Louisiana, 326–328;
forbids attack on Pensacola, 327;
orders Gaines to Mobile, and Jackson to New Orleans, 331;
his instructions to the Ghent commissioners, ix. 10–12;
his instructions of June 27, to omit impressment, 33;
recommends a peace establishment of twenty thousand men, 83;
returns to State department, 87, 88;
nominated for the Presidency, 122–124;
elected President, 139.

Montalivet, Comte de, Napoleon’s Minister of the Interior, v. 221;
his efforts for American commerce, 223, 224.

Montgomery Court House (see Rockville).

Montreal, Wilkinson decides to attack, vii. 178;
Amherst’s expedition against, in 1760, 178;
Armstrong and Wilkinson change opinions about, 180–182;
Hampton’s advance toward, 192–194;
British forces in district of, 194–196;
British forces about, in January, 1814, viii. 25.

Moore, Sir John, his Spanish campaign, v. 26, 47, 48.

Moore, Thomas, i. 48;
lines of, on the Philadelphia _literati_, 122;
his verses on Jefferson, 167.

Moose Island, occupied by British troops in July, 1814, viii. 94;
disputed territory, 95;
claimed at Ghent by England, ix. 10, 20, 25, 34, 49, 52.

Morales, Don Juan Ventura, Spanish Intendant at New Orleans,
officially declares the right of deposit at end, i. 419–421;
blamed by Yrujo, 427;
blamed by Cevallos, ii. 60;
defended by Cevallos, iii. 26;
remains at New Orleans, 72–79, 300.

Moravian town, Proctor’s defeat at, vii. 131–142.

Moreau, Jean Victor, Turreau’s note about, iii. 82, 83;
death of, vii. 351.

Morfontaine, treaty of, i. 362, 370, 388; ii. 21, 42, 46, 47, 293,
296, 297, 383.
(See Treaties.)

Morgan, David, brigadier-general of Louisiana militia, commands on
right bank at New Orleans, viii. 370;
driven back, 377.

Morgan, George N., warns Jefferson of Burr’s declarations, iii.
255, 279.

Morgan, L., major of First Rifles, repulses British attack on Black
Rock, viii. 69.

Morier, J. P., British chargé at Washington, v. 219;
his protest against the seizure of West Florida, 315.

“Morning Chronicle,” the, on the “Chesapeake” affair, iv. 41, 54,
70;
silent toward the American war in 1813, vii. 356;
on American privateers, viii. 197;
on the failure of the war, ix. 35, 43;
on the Ghent correspondence, 43;
on the news from Ghent, 54;
on the treaty, 55.

“Morning Post,” the, on the “Chesapeake” affair, iv. 41, 44, 53,
54, 70 _et seq._, 76;
on the principle of retaliation, 132, 317;
on the American frigates, vii. 13;
calls for execution of British subjects taken in arms, 362;
on the American government, ix. 4, 5.

Morocco, ii. 137.

Morris, Charles, captain in U. S. navy, commands corvette “Adams,”
viii. 95;
destroys his ship in the Penobscot, 96.

Morris, Commodore Richard Valentine, dismissed, ii. 137.

Morris, Gouverneur, i. 93;
senator of the United States, in the judiciary debate, 279;
assails the Government, 435;
on the right of deposit, 435; ii. 283;
on the Louisiana purchase, ii. 99, 101;
his oration on the overthrow of Napoleon, viii. 19, 20;
his letter on the Hartford Convention, 299;
assists Erie Canal, ix. 168.

Morrison, J. W., lieutenant-colonel of British Eighty-ninth
Regiment, commanding at Chrystler’s Farm, vii. 189, 190;
reinforces Drummond, viii. 46.

Morse, Jedediah, i. 78, 93.

Moscow, occupied by Napoleon, vii. 4, 27;
abandoned, 9, 30.

Moseley, Jonathan Ogden, member of Congress from Connecticut, viii.
277.

Mountmorris, Lord, v. 265.

Mulcaster, W. H., captain in British navy, commands flotilla in
Wilkinson’s rear, vii. 187;
wounded in attacking Oswego, viii. 29, 30.

Mulgrave, Lord, British Foreign Secretary, his reception of
Monroe’s complaints in 1805, iii. 47;
his indifference to American affairs, 48;
affirms the Rule of 1756, 48;
fails to answer Burr’s inquiries, 229, 232.

Murray, Sir George, British major-general, succeeds Prevost as
governor-general of Canada, viii. 118, 267.

Murray, J., colonel in British service, retakes Fort George, vii.
202;
captures Fort Niagara, 203.

Murray William A., Lieutenant of Artillery, his report of
conversation in New Orleans respecting Burr’s conspiracy, iii.
303.

Muscogee Indians (see Creeks).

Nantucket, British naval station, vii. 278; viii. 287;
relieved from operation of the embargo in 1814, 369.

Napier, Charles James, lieutenant-colonel of British infantry, vii.
272;
his remark on the Craney Island affair, 274;
on the affair at Hampton, 276;
on plundering the Yankees, 278.