Chapter LXXXIX: Section 3: , Taipei, Taiwan, telephone: 886 (2) 2162-2000, FAX (25)

Haiti
major Caribbean transshipment point for cocaine en route to
the US and Europe; substantial money-laundering activity; Colombian
narcotics traffickers favor Haiti for illicit financial
transactions; pervasive corruption

Honduras
transshipment point for drugs and narcotics; illicit
producer of cannabis, cultivated on small plots and used principally
for local consumption; corruption is a major problem; some
money-laundering activity

Hong Kong
Makes strenuous law enforcement efforts, but faces
difficult challenges in controlling transit of heroin and
methamphetamine to regional and world markets; modern banking system
provides a conduit for money laundering; rising indigenous use of
synthetic drugs, especially among young people

Hungary
transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and cannabis
and for South American cocaine destined for Western Europe; limited
producer of precursor chemicals, particularly for amphetamine and
methamphetamine; improving, but remains vulnerable to money
laundering related to organized crime and drug trafficking

India
world's largest producer of licit opium for the pharmaceutical
trade, but an undetermined quantity of opium is diverted to illicit
international drug markets; transit point for illicit narcotics
produced in neighboring countries; illicit producer of methaqualone;
vulnerable to narcotics money laundering through the hawala system

Indonesia
illicit producer of cannabis largely for domestic use;
possible growing role as transshipment point for Golden Triangle
heroin

Iran
despite substantial interdiction efforts, Iran remains a key
transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin to Europe; domestic
narcotics consumption remains a persistent problem and according to
official Iranian statistics there are at least 2 million drug users
in the country; lax anti-money-laundering regulations

Ireland
transshipment point for and consumer of hashish from North
Africa to the UK and Netherlands and of European-produced synthetic
drugs; minor transshipment point for heroin and cocaine destined for
Western Europe; despite recent legislation, narcotics-related money
laundering using bureaux de change, trusts, shell companies
involving the offshore financial community remains a concern

Israel
increasingly concerned about cocaine and heroin abuse; drugs
arrive in country from Lebanon and, increasingly, from Jordan;
money-laundering center

Italy
important gateway for and consumer of Latin American cocaine
and Southwest Asian heroin entering the European market; money
laundering by organized crime and from smuggling

Jamaica
major transshipment point for cocaine from South America to
North America and Europe; illicit cultivation of cannabis;
government has an active manual cannabis eradication program;
corruption is a major concern; substantial money-laundering
activity; Colombian narcotics traffickers favor Jamaica for illicit
financial transactions

Kazakhstan
significant illicit cultivation of cannabis for CIS
markets, as well as limited cultivation of opium poppy and ephedra
(for the drug ephedrine); limited government eradication of illicit
crops; transit point for Southwest Asian narcotics bound for Russia
and the rest of Europe

Kenya
widespread harvesting of small plots of marijuana; transit
country for South Asian heroin destined for Europe and North
America; Indian methaqualone also transits on way to South Africa;
significant potential for money-laundering activity given the
country's status as a regional financial center, massive corruption,
and relatively high levels of narcotics-associated activities

Korea, North
for years, from the 1970's into the 2000's, citizens of
the Democratic People's Republic of (North) Korea (DPRK), many of
them diplomatic employees of the government, were apprehended abroad
while trafficking in narcotics, including two in Turkey in December
2004; in recent years, police investigations in Taiwan and Japan
have linked North Korea to large illicit shipments of heroin and
methamphetamine, including an attempt by the North Korean merchant
ship Pong Su to deliver 150 kg of heroin to Australia in April 2003;
all indications point to North Korea emerging as an important
regional source of illicit drugs targeting markets in Japan, Taiwan,
the Russian Far East, and China

Kyrgyzstan
limited illicit cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy
for CIS markets; limited government eradication of illicit crops;
transit point for Southwest Asian narcotics bound for Russia and the
rest of Europe

Laos
world's third-largest illicit opium producer (estimated
cultivation in 2003 - 18,900 hectares, a 19% decrease over 2002;
estimated potential production in 2003 - 200 metric tons, a 11%
increase from 2002); potential heroin producer; transshipment point
for heroin and methamphetamine produced in Burma; illicit producer
of cannabis; growing methamphetamine abuse problem

Latvia
transshipment point for opiates and cannabis from Central and
Southwest Asia to Western Europe and Scandinavia and Latin American
cocaine and some synthetics from Western Europe to CIS; vulnerable
to money laundering despite improved legislation due to nascent
enforcement capabilities and comparatively weak regulation of
offshore companies, exchange firms, and the gaming industry;
organized crime (including counterfeiting, corruption, extortion,
stolen cars, and prostitution) accounts for most laundered proceeds

Lebanon
cannabis cultivation dramatically reduced to 2,500 hectares
in 2002; opium poppy cultivation minimal; small amounts of Latin
American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin transit country on way
to European markets and for Middle Eastern consumption

Liberia
transshipment point for Southeast and Southwest Asian heroin
and South American cocaine for the European and US markets;
corruption, criminal activity, arms-dealing, and diamond trade
provide significant potential for money laundering, but the lack of
well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a
major money-laundering center

Liechtenstein
has strengthened money-laundering controls, but money
laundering remains a concern due to Liechtenstein sophisticated
offshore financial services sector

Lithuania
transshipment point for opiates and other illicit drugs
from Southwest Asia, Latin America, and Western Europe to Western
Europe and Scandinavia; limited production of methamphetamine and
ecstasy; susceptible to money laundering despite changes to banking
legislation

Macedonia
major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin and
hashish; minor transit point for South American cocaine destined for
Europe; although most criminal activity is thought to be domestic
and not a financial center, money laundering is a problem due to a
mostly cash-based economy and weak enforcement (no arrests or
prosecutions for money laundering to date)

Madagascar
illicit producer of cannabis (cultivated and wild
varieties) used mostly for domestic consumption; transshipment point
for heroin

Malaysia
transit point for some illicit drugs; drug trafficking
prosecuted vigorously and carries severe penalties

Malta
minor transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to
Western Europe

Martinique
transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for
the US and Europe

Mauritius
minor consumer and transshipment point for heroin from
South Asia; small amounts of cannabis produced and consumed locally;
significant offshore financial industry creates potential for money
laundering, but corruption levels are relatively low and the
government appears generally to be committed to regulating its
banking industry

Mexico
illicit cultivation of opium poppy (cultivation in 2001 -
4,400 hectares; potential heroin production - 7 metric tons) and of
cannabis (in 2001 - 4,100 hectares); government eradication efforts
have been key in keeping illicit crop levels low; major supplier of
heroin and largest foreign supplier of marijuana and methamphetamine
to the US market; continues as the primary transshipment country for
US-bound cocaine from South America, accounting for about 70 percent
of estimated annual cocaine movement to the US; major drug
syndicates control majority of drug trafficking throughout the
country; producer and distributor of ecstasy; significant
money-laundering center

Moldova
limited cultivation of opium poppy and cannabis, mostly for
CIS consumption; transshipment point for illicit drugs from
Southwest Asia via Central Asia to Russia, Western Europe, and
possibly the US; widespread crime and underground economic activity

Montserrat
transshipment point for South American narcotics destined
for the US and Europe

Morocco
illicit producer of hashish; shipments of hashish mostly
directed to Western Europe; transit point for cocaine from South
America destined for Western Europe

Mozambique
Southern African transit point for South Asian hashish,
South Asian heroin, and South American cocaine probably destined for
the European and South African markets; producer of cannabis (for
local consumption) and methaqualone (for export to South Africa);
corruption and poor regulatory capability makes the banking system
vulnerable to money laundering, but the lack of a well-developed
financial infrastructure limits the country's utility as a
money-laundering center

Nauru
offshore banking recently stopped, remains on Financial Action
Task Force Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories List for
continued failure to address deficiencies in money-laundering
control regime

Nepal
illicit producer of cannabis and hashish for the domestic and
international drug markets; transit point for opiates from Southeast
Asia to the West

Netherlands
major European producer of ecstasy, illicit
amphetamines, and other synthetic drugs; important gateway for
cocaine, heroin, and hashish entering Europe; major source of
US-bound ecstasy; large financial sector vulnerable to money
laundering

Netherlands Antilles
transshipment point for South American drugs
bound for the US and Europe; money-laundering center

Nicaragua
transshipment point for cocaine destined for the US and
transshipment point for arms-for-drugs dealing

Nigeria
a transit point for heroin and cocaine intended for
European, East Asian, and North American markets; safehaven for
Nigerian narcotraffickers operating worldwide; major
money-laundering center; massive corruption and criminal activity,
remains on Financial Action Task Force Non-Cooperative Countries and
Territories List for continued failure to address deficiencies in
money-laundering control regime

Pakistan
opium poppy in Federally Administered Tribal Areas,
North-West Frontier Province, and Balochistan Province has rebounded
since it was nearly eliminated in 2001; key transit point for Afghan
drugs, including heroin, opium, morphine, and hashish, bound for
Western markets, the Gulf States, and Africa; financial crimes
related to drug trafficking, terrorism, corruption, and smuggling
remain problems

Panama
major cocaine transshipment point and primary
money-laundering center for narcotics revenue; money-laundering
activity is especially heavy in the Colon Free Zone; offshore
financial center; negligible signs of coca cultivation; monitoring
of financial transactions is improving; official corruption remains
a major problem

Paraguay
major illicit producer of cannabis, most or all of which is
consumed in Brazil, Argentina, and Chile; transshipment country for
Andean cocaine headed for Brazil, other Southern Cone markets,
Europe, and US; corruption and some money-laundering activity,
especially in the Tri-Border Area

Peru
until 1996 the world's largest coca leaf producer; emerging
opium producer; cultivation of coca in Peru fell 15 percent to
31,150 hectares between 2002 and the end of 2003; much of the
cocaine base is shipped to neighboring Colombia for processing into
cocaine, while finished cocaine is shipped out from Pacific ports to
the international drug market; increasing amounts of base and
finished cocaine, however, are being moved to Brazil and Bolivia for
use in the Southern Cone or transshipped to Europe and Africa

Philippines
exports locally-produced marijuana and hashish to East
Asia, the US, and other Western markets; serves as a transit point
for heroin and crystal methamphetamine; domestic methamphetamine
production is a growing problem; remains on Financial Action Task
Force Non-Cooperative Countries and Territories List for continued
failure to address deficiencies in money-laundering control regime

Poland
major illicit producer of synthetic drugs for the
international market; minor transshipment point for Asian and Latin
American illicit drugs to Western Europe

Portugal
gateway country for Latin American cocaine and Southwest
Asian heroin entering the European market (especially from Brazil);
transshipment point for hashish from North Africa to Europe;
consumer of Southwest Asian heroin

Romania
major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin
transiting the Balkan route and small amounts of Latin American
cocaine bound for Western Europe; although not a significant
financial center, role as a narcotics conduit leaves it vulnerable
to laundering which occurs via the banking system, currency exchange
houses, and casinos

Russia
limited cultivation of illicit cannabis and opium poppy and
producer of methamphetamine, mostly for domestic consumption;
government has active illicit crop eradication program; used as
transshipment point for Asian opiates, cannabis, and Latin American
cocaine bound for growing domestic markets, to a lesser extent
Western and Central Europe, and occasionally to the US; major source
of heroin precursor chemicals; corruption and organized crime are
key concerns; heroin increasingly popular in domestic market

Saint Kitts and Nevis
transshipment point for South American drugs
destined for the US and Europe; some money-laundering activity

Saint Lucia
transit point for South American drugs destined for the
US and Europe

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
transshipment point for South
American drugs destined for the US and Europe; small-scale cannabis
cultivation

Saudi Arabia
death penalty for traffickers; increasing consumption
of heroin, cocaine, and hashish; not a major money-laundering
center, improving anti-money-laundering legislation

Senegal
transshipment point for Southwest and Southeast Asian heroin
moving to Europe and North America; illicit cultivator of cannabis

Serbia and Montenegro
transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin
moving to Western Europe on the Balkan route; economy vulnerable to
money laundering

Singapore
as a transportation and financial services hub, Singapore
is vulnerable, despite strict laws and enforcement, to be used as a
transit point for Golden Triangle heroin and as a venue for money
laundering

Slovakia
transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin bound for
Western Europe; producer of synthetic drugs for regional market

Slovenia
minor transit point for cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin
bound for Western Europe, and for precursor chemicals

South Africa
transshipment center for heroin, hashish, marijuana,
and cocaine; cocaine consumption on the rise; world's largest market
for illicit methaqualone, usually imported illegally from India
through various east African countries; illicit cultivation of
marijuana; attractive venue for money launderers given the
increasing level of organized criminal and narcotics activity in the
region

Spain
key European gateway country and consumer for Latin American
cocaine and North African hashish entering the European market;
destination and minor transshipment point for Southwest Asian
heroin; money laundering site for European earnings of Colombian
narcotics trafficking organizations

Suriname
growing transshipment point for South American drugs
destined for Europe and Brazil; transshipment point for
arms-for-drugs dealing

Switzerland
a major international financial center vulnerable to the
layering and integration stages of money laundering; despite
significant legislation and reporting requirements, secrecy rules
persist and nonresidents are permitted to conduct business through
offshore entities and various intermediaries; transit country for
and consumer of South American cocaine and Southwest Asian heroin

Syria
a transit point for opiates and hashish bound for regional and
Western markets; weak anti-money-laundering controls, bank
privatization may leave it vulnerable to money-laundering

Taiwan
regional transit point for heroin and methamphetamine; major
problem with domestic consumption of methamphetamine and heroin;
renewal of domestic methamphetamine production is a problem

Tajikistan
major transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for
Russian and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited
illicit cultivation of opium poppy for domestic consumption;
Tajikistan seizes roughly 80 percent of all drugs captured in
Central Asia and stands third world-wide in seizures of opiates
(heroin and raw opium)

Tanzania
growing role in transshipment of Southwest and Southeast
Asian heroin and South American cocaine destined for South African,
European, and US markets and of South Asian methaqualone bound for
Southern Africa; money laundering remains a problem

Thailand
a minor producer of opium, heroin, and marijuana; illicit
transit point for heroin en route to the international drug market
from Burma and Laos; eradication efforts have reduced the area of
cannabis cultivation and shifted some production to neighboring
countries; opium poppy cultivation has been reduced by eradication
efforts; also a drug money-laundering center; minor role in
amphetamine production for regional consumption; increasing
indigenous abuse of methamphetamine

Togo
transit hub for Nigerian heroin and cocaine traffickers; money
laundering not a significant problem

Trinidad and Tobago
transshipment point for South American drugs
destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis

Turkey
key transit route for Southwest Asian heroin to Western
Europe and - to a far lesser extent the US - via air, land, and sea
routes; major Turkish, Iranian, and other international trafficking
organizations operate out of Istanbul; laboratories to convert
imported morphine base into heroin are in remote regions of Turkey
as well as near Istanbul; government maintains strict controls over
areas of legal opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw
concentrate

Turkmenistan
transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian
and Western European markets; transit point for heroin precursor
chemicals bound for Afghanistan

Turks and Caicos Islands
transshipment point for South American
narcotics destined for the US and Europe

Ukraine
limited cultivation of cannabis and opium poppy, mostly for
CIS consumption; some synthetic drug production for export to the
West; limited government eradication program; used as transshipment
point for opiates and other illicit drugs from Africa, Latin
America, and Turkey to Europe and Russia; Ukraine has improved
anti-money-laundering controls, resulting in its removal from the
Financial Action Task Force's (FATF's) Noncooperative Countries and
Territories List in February 2004; Ukraine's anti-money-laundering
regime continues to be monitored by FATF

United Arab Emirates
the UAE is a drug transshipment point for
traffickers given its proximity to southwest Asian drug producing
countries; the UAE's position as a major financial center makes it
vulnerable to money laundering; anti-money-laundering controls
improving

United Kingdom
producer of limited amounts of synthetic drugs and
synthetic precursor chemicals; major consumer of Southwest Asian
heroin, Latin American cocaine, and synthetic drugs;
money-laundering center

United States
consumer of cocaine shipped from Colombia through
Mexico and the Caribbean; consumer of heroin, marijuana, and
increasingly methamphetamine from Mexico; consumer of high-quality
Southeast Asian heroin; illicit producer of cannabis, marijuana,
depressants, stimulants, hallucinogens, and methamphetamine;
money-laundering center

Uzbekistan
transit country for Afghan narcotics bound for Russian
and, to a lesser extent, Western European markets; limited illicit
cultivation of cannabis and small amounts of opium poppy for
domestic consumption; poppy cultivation almost wiped out by
government crop eradication program; transit point for heroin
precursor chemicals bound for Afghanistan

Venezuela
small-scale illicit producer of opium and coca for the
processing of opiates and coca derivatives; however, large
quantities of cocaine, heroin, and marijuana transit the country
from Colombia bound for US and Europe; significant narcotics-related
money-laundering activity, especially along the border with Colombia
and on Margarita Island; active eradication program primarily
targeting opium; increasing signs of drug-related activities by
Colombian insurgents on border

Vietnam
minor producer of opium poppy; probable minor transit point
for Southeast Asian heroin; domestic opium/heroin/methamphetamine
addiction problems

World
cocaine: worldwide, coca is grown on an estimated 173,450
hectares-almost exclusively in South America with 70% in Colombia;
potential cocaine production during 2003 is estimated at 728 metric
tons (or 835 metric tons of export quality cocaine); coca
eradication programs continue in Bolivia, Colombia, and Peru; 376
metric tons of export quality cocaine are documented to have been
seized in 2003, and 26 metric tons disrupted (jettisoned or
destroyed); consumption of export quality cocaine is estimated to
have been 800 metric tons
opiates: cultivation of opium poppy occurred on an estimated 137,944
hectares in 2003-mostly in Southwest and Southeast Asia-with 44% in
Afghanistan, potentially produced 3,775 metric tons of opium - which
conceivably could be converted to the equivalent of 429 metric tons
of pure heroin; opium eradication programs have been undertaken in
Afghanistan, Burma, Colombia, Mexico, Pakistan, Thailand, and Vietnam

Zambia
transshipment point for moderate amounts of methaqualone,
small amounts of heroin, and cocaine bound for Southern Africa and
possibly Europe; a poorly developed financial infrastructure coupled
with a government commitment to combating money laundering make it
an unattractive venue for money launderers

Zimbabwe
transit point for African cannabis and South Asian heroin,
mandrax, and methamphetamines destined for the South African and
European markets

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

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@2087 Imports

Afghanistan
$1.007 billion (2002 est.)

Albania
$1.76 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Algeria
$12.42 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

American Samoa
$123 million (2002)

Andorra
$1.077 billion (1998)

Angola
$4.08 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Anguilla
$80.9 million (1999)

Antigua and Barbuda
$692 million (2002 est.)

Argentina
$13.27 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Armenia
$1.18 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Aruba
$841 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Australia
$82.91 billion (2003 est.)

Austria
$81.59 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Azerbaijan
$2.498 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Bahamas, The
$1.614 billion (2002 est.)

Bahrain
$5.126 billion (2003 est.)

Bangladesh
$9.459 billion (2003 est.)

Barbados
$1.039 billion (2002)

Belarus
$11.09 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Belgium
$173 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Belize
$500.6 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Benin
$726 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Bermuda
$5.523 billion (2002)

Bhutan
$196 million c.i.f. (2000 est.)

Bolivia
$1.505 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
$4.7 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Botswana
$1.753 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Brazil
$48.25 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

British Virgin Islands
$187 million (2002 est.)

Brunei
$1.63 billion c.i.f. (2002 est.)

Bulgaria
$9.723 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Burkina Faso
$633.6 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Burma
$2.071 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Burundi
$128 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Cambodia
$2.124 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Cameroon
$1.959 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Canada
$240.4 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Cape Verde
$315.5 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Cayman Islands
$457.4 million (1999)

Central African Republic
$136 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Chad
$760 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Chile
$17.4 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

China
$397.4 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA

Colombia
$13.06 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Comoros
$88 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
$933 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
$666.9 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Cook Islands
$50.7 million (2000)

Costa Rica
$7.057 billion (2003 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
$2.781 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Croatia
$12.86 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Cuba
$4.531 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: $4.637 billion f.o.b.; north Cyprus: $301
million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Czech Republic
$50.4 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Denmark
$54.47 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Djibouti
$665 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Dominica
$98.2 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Dominican Republic
$7.911 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

East Timor
$237 million (2001 est.)

Ecuador
$6.22 billion (2003 est.)

Egypt
$14.75 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

El Salvador
$5.466 billion (2003 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
$1.371 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Eritrea
$600 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Estonia
$5.535 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Ethiopia
$1.964 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

European Union
$887.1 billion (2002)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
$53 million (2002)

Faroe Islands
$466 million c.i.f. (2002)

Fiji
$835 million c.i.f. (2002)

Finland
$37.35 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

France
$339.9 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

French Guiana
$625 million c.i.f. (2002 est.)

French Polynesia
$1.341 billion f.o.b. (2002)

Gabon
$1.079 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Gambia, The
$271 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Gaza Strip
$1.9 billion c.i.f., includes West Bank

Georgia
$1.25 billion (2003 est.)

Germany
$585 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Ghana
$3.24 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Gibraltar
$1.743 billion c.i.f. (2002)

Greece
$33.27 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Greenland
$445 million c.i.f. (2002)

Grenada
$208 million (2002 est.)

Guadeloupe
$1.7 billion c.i.f. (1997)

Guam
$462 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Guatemala
$5.749 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Guernsey
NA

Guinea
$646 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
$104 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Guyana
$612 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Haiti
$1.028 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Honduras
$3.11 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Hong Kong
$230.3 billion (2003 est.)

Hungary
$46.19 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Iceland
$2.59 billion (2003 est.)

India
$74.15 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Indonesia
$40.22 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Iran
$25.26 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Iraq
$6.521 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Ireland
$57.54 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Israel
$32.27 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Italy
$271.1 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Jamaica
$3.265 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Japan
$346.6 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Jersey
NA

Jordan
$4.946 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Kazakhstan
$8.621 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Kenya
$3.705 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Kiribati
$83 million c.i.f. (2002)

Korea, North
$2.042 billion c.i.f. (2002 est.)

Korea, South
$175.6 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Kuwait
$9.606 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
$601 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Laos
$492 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Latvia
$4.921 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Lebanon
$6.073 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Lesotho
$661 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Liberia
$5.051 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Libya
$6.282 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Liechtenstein
$917.3 million (1996)

Lithuania
$9.2 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Luxembourg
$11.61 billion c.i.f. (2002)

Macau
$2.53 billion c.i.f. (2002)

Macedonia
$2.184 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Madagascar
$920 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Malawi
$505 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Malaysia
$74.4 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Maldives
$392 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Mali
$927 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Malta
$2.761 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Man, Isle of
NA

Marshall Islands
$54 million f.o.b. (2000)

Martinique
$2 billion c.i.f. (1997)

Mauritania
$860 million f.o.b. (2002)

Mauritius
$2.136 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Mayotte
$141.3 million f.o.b. (1997)

Mexico
$168.9 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
$149 million f.o.b. (FY99/00 est.)

Moldova
$1.34 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Monaco
$NA; full customs integration with France, which collects and
rebates Monegasque trade duties; also participates in EU market
system through customs union with France

Mongolia
$691 million c.i.f. (2002 est.)

Montserrat
$17 million (2001)

Morocco
$12.75 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Mozambique
$1.142 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Namibia
$1.371 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Nauru
$31 million c.i.f. (2002)

Nepal
$1.419 billion f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Netherlands
$217.7 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
$2.233 billion f.o.b. (2002)

New Caledonia
$1.007 billion f.o.b. (2002)

New Zealand
$16.06 billion (2003 est.)

Nicaragua
$1.658 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Niger
$400 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Nigeria
$14.54 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Niue
$2.38 million (1999)

Norfolk Island
$17.9 million c.i.f. (FY91/92)

Northern Mariana Islands
NA

Norway
$40.19 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Oman
$5.659 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Pakistan
$12.51 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Palau
$99 million f.o.b. (2001 est.)

Panama
$6.622 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Papua New Guinea
$967 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Paraguay
$2.77 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Peru
$8.244 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Philippines
$35.97 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
NA

Poland
$63.65 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Portugal
$43.73 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Puerto Rico
$29.1 billion c.i.f. (2001)

Qatar
$5.711 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Reunion
$2.5 billion c.i.f. (1997)

Romania
$22.17 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Russia
$74.8 billion (2003 est.)

Rwanda
$245.8 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Saint Helena
$42 million c.i.f. (2002)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
$195 million (2002 est.)

Saint Lucia
$267 million (2002 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
$106 million f.o.b. (2002)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
$174 million (2002 est.)

Samoa
$113 million f.o.b. (2002)

San Marino
trade data are included with the statistics for Italy

Sao Tome and Principe
$30.03 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Saudi Arabia
$30.38 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Senegal
$1.753 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
$7.144 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Seychelles
$383.7 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Sierra Leone
$264 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Singapore
$121.6 billion (2003 est.)

Slovakia
$21.9 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Slovenia
$12.63 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Solomon Islands
$100 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Somalia
$344 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

South Africa
$33.89 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Spain
$197.1 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Sri Lanka
$6.626 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Sudan
$2.383 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Suriname
$604 million f.o.b. (2002)

Svalbard
NA

Swaziland
$1.088 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Sweden
$83.27 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Switzerland
$102.2 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Syria
$4.845 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Taiwan
$119.6 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Tajikistan
$890 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Tanzania
$1.674 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Thailand
$65.3 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Togo
$501.3 million f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Tokelau
$323,000 c.i.f. (1983)

Tonga
$86 million f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago
$3.917 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Tunisia
$10.3 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Turkey
$62.43 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Turkmenistan
$2.472 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
$175.6 million (2000)

Tuvalu
$79 million c.i.f. (2002)

Uganda
$1.179 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Ukraine
$23.58 billion (2003 est.)

United Arab Emirates
$37.16 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

United Kingdom
$363.6 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

United States
$1.26 trillion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Uruguay
$1.989 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Uzbekistan
$2.31 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Vanuatu
$138 million c.i.f. (2002)

Venezuela
$10.71 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Vietnam
$22.5 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Virgin Islands
NA

Wallis and Futuna
$300,000 f.o.b. (1999)

West Bank
$1.9 billion c.i.f., includes Gaza Strip

Western Sahara
NA

World
$6.531 trillion f.o.b. (2002 est.)

Yemen
$3.042 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Zambia
$1.128 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

Zimbabwe
$1.691 billion f.o.b. (2003 est.)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

======================================================================

@2088 Independence

Afghanistan
19 August 1919 (from UK control over Afghan foreign
affairs)

Albania
28 November 1912 (from Ottoman Empire)

Algeria
5 July 1962 (from France)

American Samoa
none (territory of the US)

Andorra
1278 (was formed under the joint suzerainty of the French
count of Foix and the Spanish bishop of Urgel)

Angola
11 November 1975 (from Portugal)

Anguilla
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Antigua and Barbuda
1 November 1981 (from UK)

Argentina
9 July 1816 (from Spain)

Armenia
21 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Aruba
none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)

Australia
1 January 1901 (federation of UK colonies)

Austria
1156 (Duchy of Austria founded); 12 November 1918 (republic
proclaimed)

Azerbaijan
30 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Bahamas, The
10 July 1973 (from UK)

Bahrain
15 August 1971 (from UK)

Bangladesh
16 December 1971 (from West Pakistan); note - 26 March
1971 is the date of independence from West Pakistan, 16 December
1971 is known as Victory Day and commemorates the official creation
of the state of Bangladesh

Barbados
30 November 1966 (from UK)

Belarus
25 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Belgium
4 October 1830 (a provisional government declares
independence from the Netherlands); 21 July 1831 (King Leopold I
ascends to the throne)

Belize
21 September 1981 (from UK)

Benin
1 August 1960 (from France)

Bermuda
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Bhutan
8 August 1949 (from India)

Bolivia
6 August 1825 (from Spain)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
1 March 1992 (from Yugoslavia; referendum for
independence was completed 1 March 1992; independence was declared 3
March 1992)

Botswana
30 September 1966 (from UK)

Brazil
7 September 1822 (from Portugal)

British Virgin Islands
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Brunei
1 January 1984 (from UK)

Bulgaria
3 March 1878 (as an autonomous principality within the
Ottoman Empire); 22 September 1908 (complete independence from the
Ottoman Empire)

Burkina Faso
5 August 1960 (from France)

Burma
4 January 1948 (from UK)

Burundi
1 July 1962 (from UN trusteeship under Belgian
administration)

Cambodia
9 November 1953 (from France)

Cameroon
1 January 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

Canada
1 July 1867 (union of British North American colonies); 11
December 1931 (independence recognized)

Cape Verde
5 July 1975 (from Portugal)

Cayman Islands
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Central African Republic
13 August 1960 (from France)

Chad
11 August 1960 (from France)

Chile
18 September 1810 (from Spain)

China
221 BC (unification under the Qin or Ch'in Dynasty); 1 January
1912 (Manchu Dynasty replaced by a Republic); 1 October 1949
(People's Republic established)

Christmas Island
none (territory of Australia)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
none (territory of Australia)

Colombia
20 July 1810 (from Spain)

Comoros
6 July 1975 (from France)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
30 June 1960 (from Belgium)

Congo, Republic of the
15 August 1960 (from France)

Cook Islands
none (became self-governing in free association with
New Zealand on 4 August 1965 and has the right at any time to move
to full independence by unilateral action)

Costa Rica
15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Cote d'Ivoire
7 August 1960 (from France)

Croatia
25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

Cuba
20 May 1902 (from Spain 10 December 1898; administered by the
US from 1898 to 1902)

Cyprus
16 August 1960 (from UK); note - Turkish Cypriots proclaimed
self-rule on 13 February 1975 and independence in 1983, but these
proclamations are only recognized by Turkey

Czech Republic
1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech
Republic and Slovakia)

Denmark
first organized as a unified state in 10th century; in 1849
became a constitutional monarchy

Djibouti
27 June 1977 (from France)

Dominica
3 November 1978 (from UK)

Dominican Republic
27 February 1844 (from Haiti)

East Timor
28 November 1975 (date of proclamation of independence
from Portugal); note - 20 May 2002 is the official date of
international recognition of East Timor's independence from Indonesia

Ecuador
24 May 1822 (from Spain)

Egypt
28 February 1922 (from UK)

El Salvador
15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Equatorial Guinea
12 October 1968 (from Spain)

Eritrea
24 May 1993 (from Ethiopia)

Estonia
20 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Ethiopia
oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest
in the world - at least 2,000 years

European Union
7 February 1992 (Maastricht Treaty signed
establishing the EU); 1 November 1993 (Maastricht Treaty entered
into force)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
none (overseas territory of the
UK; also claimed by Argentina)

Faroe Islands
none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; self-governing
overseas administrative division of Denmark)

Fiji
10 October 1970 (from UK)

Finland
6 December 1917 (from Russia)

France
486 (unified by Clovis)

French Guiana
none (overseas department of France)

French Polynesia
none (overseas territory of France)

Gabon
17 August 1960 (from France)

Gambia, The
18 February 1965 (from UK)

Georgia
9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Germany
18 January 1871 (German Empire unification); divided into
four zones of occupation (UK, US, USSR, and later, France) in 1945
following World War II; Federal Republic of Germany (FRG or West
Germany) proclaimed 23 May 1949 and included the former UK, US, and
French zones; German Democratic Republic (GDR or East Germany)
proclaimed 7 October 1949 and included the former USSR zone;
unification of West Germany and East Germany took place 3 October
1990; all four powers formally relinquished rights 15 March 1991

Ghana
6 March 1957 (from UK)

Gibraltar
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Greece
1829 (from the Ottoman Empire)

Greenland
none (part of the Kingdom of Denmark; foreign affairs is
the responsibility of Denmark, but Greenland actively participates
in international agreements relating to Greenland)

Grenada
7 February 1974 (from UK)

Guadeloupe
none (overseas department of France)

Guam
none (territory of the US)

Guatemala
15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Guernsey
none (British crown dependency)

Guinea
2 October 1958 (from France)

Guinea-Bissau
24 September 1973 (unilaterally declared by
Guinea-Bissau); 10 September 1974 (recognized by Portugal)

Guyana
26 May 1966 (from UK)

Haiti
1 January 1804 (from France)

Holy See (Vatican City)
11 February 1929 (from Italy); note - the
three treaties signed with Italy on 11 February 1929 acknowledged,
among other things, the full sovereignty of the Vatican and
established its territorial extent; however, the origin of the Papal
States, which over the years have varied considerably in extent, may
be traced back to the 8th century

Honduras
15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Hong Kong
none (special administrative region of China)

Hungary
1001 (unification by King Stephen I)

Iceland
1 December 1918 (became a sovereign state under the Danish
Crown); 17 June 1944 (from Denmark)

India
15 August 1947 (from UK)

Indonesia
17 August 1945 (independence proclaimed); 27 December 1949
(Netherlands recognizes Indonesian independence)

Iran
1 April 1979 (Islamic Republic of Iran proclaimed)

Iraq
3 October 1932 (from League of Nations mandate under British
administration); note - on 28 June 2004 the Coalition Provisional
Authority transferred sovereignty to the Iraqi Interim Government

Ireland
6 December 1921 (from UK by treaty)

Israel
14 May 1948 (from League of Nations mandate under British
administration)

Italy
17 March 1861 (Kingdom of Italy proclaimed; Italy was not
finally unified until 1870)

Jamaica
6 August 1962 (from UK)

Japan
660 BC (traditional founding by Emperor Jimmu)

Jersey
none (British crown dependency)

Jordan
25 May 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under British
administration)

Kazakhstan
16 December 1991 (from the Soviet Union)

Kenya
12 December 1963 (from UK)

Kiribati
12 July 1979 (from UK)

Korea, North
15 August 1945 (from Japan)

Korea, South
15 August 1945 (from Japan)

Kuwait
19 June 1961 (from UK)

Kyrgyzstan
31 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Laos
19 July 1949 (from France)

Latvia
21 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Lebanon
22 November 1943 (from League of Nations mandate under
French administration)

Lesotho
4 October 1966 (from UK)

Liberia
26 July 1847

Libya
24 December 1951 (from Italy)

Liechtenstein
23 January 1719 (Principality of Liechtenstein
established); 12 July 1806 (independence from the Holy Roman Empire)

Lithuania
11 March 1990 (independence declared from Soviet Union); 6
September 1991 (Soviet Union recognizes Lithuania's independence)

Luxembourg
1839 (from the Netherlands)

Macau
none (special administrative region of China)

Macedonia
8 September 1991 (referendum by registered voters
endorsing independence from Yugoslavia)

Madagascar
26 June 1960 (from France)

Malawi
6 July 1964 (from UK)

Malaysia
31 August 1957 (from UK)

Maldives
26 July 1965 (from UK)

Mali
22 September 1960 (from France)

Malta
21 September 1964 (from UK)

Man, Isle of
none (British crown dependency)

Marshall Islands
21 October 1986 (from the US-administered UN
trusteeship)

Martinique
none (overseas department of France)

Mauritania
28 November 1960 (from France)

Mauritius
12 March 1968 (from UK)

Mayotte
none (territorial collectivity of France)

Mexico
16 September 1810 (from Spain)

Micronesia, Federated States of
3 November 1986 (from the
US-administered UN Trusteeship)

Moldova
27 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Monaco
1419 (beginning of the rule by the House of Grimaldi)

Mongolia
11 July 1921 (from China)

Montserrat
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Morocco
2 March 1956 (from France)

Mozambique
25 June 1975 (from Portugal)

Namibia
21 March 1990 (from South African mandate)

Nauru
31 January 1968 (from the Australia-, NZ-, and UK-administered
UN trusteeship)

Nepal
1768 (unified by Prithvi Narayan Shah)

Netherlands
23 January 1579 (the northern provinces of the Low
Countries conclude the Union of Utrecht breaking with Spain; it was
not until 1648 that Spain recognized their independence)

Netherlands Antilles
none (part of the Kingdom of the Netherlands)

New Caledonia
none (overseas territory of France); note - a
referendum on independence was held in 1998 but did not pass; a new
referendum is scheduled for 2014

New Zealand
26 September 1907 (from UK)

Nicaragua
15 September 1821 (from Spain)

Niger
3 August 1960 (from France)

Nigeria
1 October 1960 (from UK)

Niue
on 19 October 1974, Niue became a self-governing parliamentary
government in free association with New Zealand

Norfolk Island
none (territory of Australia)

Northern Mariana Islands
none (commonwealth in political union with
the US)

Norway
7 June 1905 (Norway declared the union with Sweden
dissolved); 26 October 1905 (Sweden agreed to the repeal of the
union)

Oman
1650 (expulsion of the Portuguese)

Pakistan
14 August 1947 (from UK)

Palau
1 October 1994 (from the US-administered UN Trusteeship)

Panama
3 November 1903 (from Colombia; became independent from Spain
28 November 1821)

Papua New Guinea
16 September 1975 (from the Australian-administered
UN trusteeship)

Paraguay
14 May 1811 (from Spain)

Peru
28 July 1821 (from Spain)

Philippines
12 June 1898 (from Spain)

Pitcairn Islands
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Poland
11 November 1918 (independent republic proclaimed)

Portugal
1143 (Kingdom of Portugal recognized); 5 October 1910
(independent republic proclaimed)

Puerto Rico
none (commonwealth associated with the US)

Qatar
3 September 1971 (from UK)

Reunion
none (overseas department of France)

Romania
9 May 1877 (independence proclaimed from Turkey;
independence recognized 13 July 1878 by the Treaty of Berlin;
kingdom proclaimed 26 March 1881); 30 December 1947 (republic
proclaimed)

Russia
24 August 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Rwanda
1 July 1962 (from Belgium-administered UN trusteeship)

Saint Helena
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
19 September 1983 (from UK)

Saint Lucia
22 February 1979 (from UK)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
none (territorial collectivity of France;
has been under French control since 1763)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
27 October 1979 (from UK)

Samoa
1 January 1962 (from New Zealand-administered UN trusteeship)

San Marino
3 September 301

Sao Tome and Principe
12 July 1975 (from Portugal)

Saudi Arabia
23 September 1932 (unification of the kingdom)

Senegal
4 April 1960 (from France); note - complete independence was
achieved upon dissolution of federation with Mali on 20 August 1960

Serbia and Montenegro
27 April 1992 (Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
or FRY - now Serbia and Montenegro - formed as self-proclaimed
successor to the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia or SFRY)

Seychelles
29 June 1976 (from UK)

Sierra Leone
27 April 1961 (from UK)

Singapore
9 August 1965 (from Malaysian Federation)

Slovakia
1 January 1993 (Czechoslovakia split into the Czech
Republic and Slovakia)

Slovenia
25 June 1991 (from Yugoslavia)

Solomon Islands
7 July 1978 (from UK)

Somalia
1 July 1960 (from a merger of British Somaliland, which
became independent from the UK on 26 June 1960, and Italian
Somaliland, which became independent from the Italian-administered
UN trusteeship on 1 July 1960, to form the Somali Republic)

South Africa
31 May 1910 (from UK); note - South Africa became a
republic in 1961 following an October 1960 referendum

Spain
the Iberian peninsula was characterized by a variety of
independent kingdoms prior to the Moslem occupation that began in
the early 8th century A. D. and lasted nearly seven centuries; the
small Christian redoubts of the north began the reconquest almost
immediately, culminating in the seizure of Granada in 1492; this
event completed the unification of several kingdoms and is
traditionally considered the forging of present-day Spain

Sri Lanka
4 February 1948 (from UK)

Sudan
1 January 1956 (from Egypt and UK)

Suriname
25 November 1975 (from Netherlands)

Svalbard
none (territory of Norway)

Swaziland
6 September 1968 (from UK)

Sweden
6 June 1523 (Gustav VASA elected king)

Switzerland
1 August 1291 (founding of the Swiss Confederation)

Syria
17 April 1946 (from League of Nations mandate under French
administration)

Tajikistan
9 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Tanzania
26 April 1964; Tanganyika became independent 9 December
1961 (from UK-administered UN trusteeship); Zanzibar became
independent 19 December 1963 (from UK); Tanganyika united with
Zanzibar 26 April 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanganyika and
Zanzibar; renamed United Republic of Tanzania 29 October 1964

Thailand
1238 (traditional founding date; never colonized)

Togo
27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship)

Tokelau
none (territory of New Zealand)

Tonga
4 June 1970 (from UK protectorate)

Trinidad and Tobago
31 August 1962 (from UK)

Tunisia
20 March 1956 (from France)

Turkey
29 October 1923 (successor state to the Ottoman Empire)

Turkmenistan
27 October 1991 (from the Soviet Union)

Turks and Caicos Islands
none (overseas territory of the UK)

Tuvalu
1 October 1978 (from UK)

Uganda
9 October 1962 (from UK)

Ukraine
24 August 1991 (from the Soviet Union)

United Arab Emirates
2 December 1971 (from UK)

United Kingdom
England has existed as a unified entity since the
10th century; the union between England and Wales, begun in 1284
with the Statute of Rhuddlan, was not formalized until 1536 with an
Act of Union; in another Act of Union in 1707, England and Scotland
agreed to permanently join as Great Britain; the legislative union
of Great Britain and Ireland was implemented in 1801, with the
adoption of the name the United Kingdom of Great Britain and
Ireland; the Anglo-Irish treaty of 1921 formalized a partition of
Ireland; six northern Irish counties remained part of the United
Kingdom as Northern Ireland and the current name of the country, the
United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, was adopted in
1927

United States
4 July 1776 (from Great Britain)

Uruguay
25 August 1825 (from Brazil)

Uzbekistan
1 September 1991 (from Soviet Union)

Vanuatu
30 July 1980 (from France and UK)

Venezuela
5 July 1811 (from Spain)

Vietnam
2 September 1945 (from France)

Wallis and Futuna
none (overseas territory of France)

Yemen
22 May 1990 (Republic of Yemen established with the merger of
the Yemen Arab Republic [Yemen (Sanaa) or North Yemen] and the
Marxist-dominated People's Democratic Republic of Yemen [Yemen
(Aden) or South Yemen]); note - previously North Yemen had become
independent in November of 1918 (from the Ottoman Empire) and South
Yemen had become independent on 30 November 1967 (from the UK)

Zambia
24 October 1964 (from UK)

Zimbabwe
18 April 1980 (from UK)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

======================================================================

@2089 Industrial production growth rate (%)

Afghanistan
NA

Albania
2.7% (2003 est.)

Algeria
6% (2003 est.)

American Samoa
NA

Andorra
NA

Angola
1% (2000)

Anguilla
3.1% (1997 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
6% (1997 est.)

Argentina
16.2% (2003 est.)

Armenia
15% (2002 est.)

Aruba
NA (2002 est.)

Australia
-0.1% (2003 est.)

Austria
1.9% (2003 est.)

Azerbaijan
6.1% (2003 est.)

Bahamas, The
NA (2002 est.)

Bahrain
2% (2000 est.)

Bangladesh
1.9% (2003 est.)

Barbados
-3.2% (2000 est.)

Belarus
5% (2003 est.)

Belgium
-1.5% (2003 est.)

Belize
4.6% (1999)

Benin
8.3% (2001 est.)

Bermuda
NA

Bhutan
9.3% (1996 est.)

Bolivia
3.9% (1998)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
5.5% (2003 est.)

Botswana
7.3% (2003 est.)

Brazil
0.4% (2003 est.)

British Virgin Islands
NA

Brunei
5% (2002 est.)

Bulgaria
6.3% (2003 est.)

Burkina Faso
14% (2001 est.)

Burma
NA

Burundi
18% (2001)

Cambodia
22% (2002 est.)

Cameroon
4.2% (1999 est.)

Canada
0.2% (2003 est.)

Cape Verde
NA

Cayman Islands
NA

Central African Republic
3% (2002)

Chad
5% (1995)

Chile
1.5% (2003 est.)

China
30.4% (2003 est.)

Christmas Island
NA

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA

Colombia
3.5% (2003 est.)

Comoros
-2% (1999 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
NA

Congo, Republic of the
0% (2002 est.)

Cook Islands
1% (2002)

Costa Rica
8% (2003 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
15% (1998 est.)

Croatia
3.9% (2003 est.)

Cuba
2.4% (2003 est.)

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: -0.6% (2002); north Cyprus: -0.3% (2003)

Czech Republic
3.3% (2003)

Denmark
0.3% (2003 est.)

Djibouti
3% (1996 est.)

Dominica
-10% (1997 est.)

Dominican Republic
2% (2001 est.)

East Timor
8.5%

Ecuador
5.3% (2003 est.)

Egypt
1.5% (2003 est.)

El Salvador
1.6% (2003 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
30% (2002 est.)

Eritrea
NA

Estonia
5% (2000 est.)

Ethiopia
6.7% (2001 est.)

European Union
0.8% (2004 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
NA

Faroe Islands
8% (1999 est.)

Fiji
NA

Finland
0.8% (2003 est.)

France
-0.3% (2003)

French Guiana
NA

French Polynesia
NA

Gabon
1.6% (2002 est.)

Gambia, The
NA

Gaza Strip
NA

Georgia
3% (2000)

Germany
0.2% (2003 est.)

Ghana
3.8% (2000 est.)

Gibraltar
NA

Greece
0.7% (2003 est.)

Greenland
NA

Grenada
0.7% (1997 est.)

Guadeloupe
NA

Guam
NA

Guatemala
4.1% (1999)

Guernsey
NA

Guinea
3.2% (1994)

Guinea-Bissau
2.6% (1997 est.)

Guyana
7.1% (1997 est.)

Haiti
NA

Honduras
7.7% (2003 est.)

Hong Kong
-9.2% (2003 est.)

Hungary
6.4% (2003 est.)

Iceland
8.1% (2003 est.)

India
6.5% (2003 est.)

Indonesia
3.7% (2003 est.)

Iran
3% excluding oil (2003 est.)

Iraq
NA

Ireland
6.7% (2003 est.)

Israel
-0.6% (2003 est.)

Italy
-0.5% (2003)

Jamaica
-2% (2000 est.)

Japan
3.3% (2003 est.)

Jersey
NA

Jordan
3.5% (2003 est.)

Kazakhstan
8.8% (2003 est.)

Kenya
2% (2003 est.)

Kiribati
0.7% (1991 est.)

Korea, North
NA

Korea, South
5.1% (2003 est.)

Kuwait
-5% (2002 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
6% (2000 est.)

Laos
9.7% (2001 est.)

Latvia
8% (2003 est.)

Lebanon
NA

Lesotho
15.5% (1999)

Liberia
NA

Libya
NA

Liechtenstein
NA

Lithuania
16.1% (2003 est.)

Luxembourg
1.7% (2003 est.)

Macau
NA

Macedonia
4.5% (2003 est.)

Madagascar
3% (2000 est.)

Malawi
-1.6% (2003 est.)

Malaysia
9.3% (2003 est.)

Maldives
4.4% (1996 est.)

Mali
NA (FY96/97)

Malta
NA

Man, Isle of
3.2% (FY96/97)

Marshall Islands
NA

Martinique
NA

Mauritania
2% (2000 est.)

Mauritius
8% (2000 est.)

Mayotte
NA

Mexico
-0.7% (2003 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
NA

Moldova
17% (2003 est.)

Monaco
NA

Mongolia
4.1% (2002 est.)

Montserrat
NA

Morocco
NA

Mozambique
3.4% (2000)

Namibia
NA

Nauru
NA

Nepal
8.7% (FY99/00)

Netherlands
-2.1% (2003 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
NA

New Caledonia
-0.6% (1996)

New Zealand
1.3% (2003 est.)

Nicaragua
4.4% (2000 est.)

Niger
NA (2001 est.)

Nigeria
2.3% (2003 est.)

Niue
NA

Norfolk Island
NA

Northern Mariana Islands
NA

Norway
-3.5% (2003 est.)

Oman
0.2% (2003 est.)

Pakistan
7.6% (2003 est.)

Palau
NA

Panama
7% (2003 est.)

Papua New Guinea
NA (FY01/02 est.)

Paraguay
0% (2000 est.)

Peru
2% (2003 est.)

Philippines
-0.1% (2003 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
NA

Poland
8.6% (2003)

Portugal
0.4% (2003 est.)

Puerto Rico
NA

Qatar
10% (2003 est.)

Reunion
NA

Romania
2.3% (2003)

Russia
7% (2003 est.)

Rwanda
7% (2001 est.)

Saint Helena
NA

Saint Kitts and Nevis
NA

Saint Lucia
-8.9% (1997 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
-0.9% (1997 est.)

Samoa
2.8% (2000)

San Marino
6% (1997 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe
NA

Saudi Arabia
7.7% (2003 est.)

Senegal
2.9% (2003 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
1.7% (2002 est.)

Seychelles
NA

Sierra Leone
NA

Singapore
2.8% (2003 est.)

Slovakia
7.2% (2003 est.)

Slovenia
1.4% (2003)

Solomon Islands
NA

Somalia
NA

South Africa
5% (2003 est.)

Spain
1.6% (2003 est.)

Sri Lanka
5.8% (2003)

Sudan
8.5% (1999 est.)

Suriname
6.5% (1994 est.)

Svalbard
NA

Swaziland
3.7% (FY95/96)

Sweden
1.9% (2003 est.)

Switzerland
0.4% (2003)

Syria
NA

Taiwan
8.4% (2003)

Tajikistan
10.3% (2000 est.)

Tanzania
8.4% (1999 est.)

Thailand
12.3% (2003 est.)

Togo
NA

Tokelau
NA

Tonga
8.6% (FY98/99)

Trinidad and Tobago
5.7% (2003 est.)

Tunisia
-0.1% (2003 est.)

Turkey
8.5% (2003 est.)

Turkmenistan
14% (2003 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
NA

Tuvalu
NA

Uganda
5% (2003 est.)

Ukraine
15.8% (2003 est.)

United Arab Emirates
4% (2000)

United Kingdom
-0.7% (2003 est.)

United States
0.3% (2003 est.)

Uruguay
0.7% (2003 est.)

Uzbekistan
6.2% (2003 est.)

Vanuatu
1% (1997 est.)

Venezuela
-15.4% (2003 est.)

Vietnam
16% (2003 est.)

Virgin Islands
NA

Wallis and Futuna
NA

West Bank
NA

Western Sahara
NA

World
3% (2002 est.)

Yemen
3% (2003 est.)

Zambia
4% (2003 est.)

Zimbabwe
-14.7% (2003 est.)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

======================================================================

@2090 Industries

Afghanistan
small-scale production of textiles, soap, furniture,
shoes, fertilizer, cement; handwoven carpets; natural gas, coal,
copper

Albania
food processing, textiles and clothing; lumber, oil, cement,
chemicals, mining, basic metals, hydropower

Algeria
petroleum, natural gas, light industries, mining,
electrical, petrochemical, food processing

American Samoa
tuna canneries (largely supplied by foreign fishing
vessels), handicrafts

Andorra
tourism (particularly skiing), cattle raising, timber,
banking

Angola
petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite,
uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing;
food processing; brewing; tobacco products; sugar; textiles

Anguilla
tourism, boat building, offshore financial services

Antigua and Barbuda
tourism, construction, light manufacturing
(clothing, alcohol, household appliances)

Argentina
food processing, motor vehicles, consumer durables,
textiles, chemicals and petrochemicals, printing, metallurgy, steel

Armenia
diamond-processing, metal-cutting machine tools,
forging-pressing machines, electric motors, tires, knitted wear,
hosiery, shoes, silk fabric, chemicals, trucks, instruments,
microelectronics, jewelry manufacturing, software development, food
processing, brandy

Aruba
tourism, transshipment facilities, oil refining

Australia
mining, industrial and transportation equipment, food
processing, chemicals, steel

Austria
construction, machinery, vehicles and parts, food,
chemicals, lumber and wood processing, paper and paperboard,
communications equipment, tourism

Azerbaijan
petroleum and natural gas, petroleum products, oilfield
equipment; steel, iron ore, cement; chemicals and petrochemicals;
textiles

Bahamas, The
tourism, banking, e-commerce, cement, oil refining and
transshipment, salt, rum, aragonite, pharmaceuticals, spiral-welded
steel pipe

Bahrain
petroleum processing and refining, aluminum smelting,
offshore banking, ship repairing; tourism

Bangladesh
cotton textiles, jute, garments, tea processing, paper
newsprint, cement, chemical fertilizer, light engineering, sugar

Barbados
tourism, sugar, light manufacturing, component assembly for
export

Belarus
metal-cutting machine tools, tractors, trucks, earthmovers,
motorcycles, television sets, chemical fibers, fertilizer, textiles,
radios, refrigerators

Belgium
engineering and metal products, motor vehicle assembly,
processed food and beverages, chemicals, basic metals, textiles,
glass, petroleum

Belize
garment production, food processing, tourism, construction

Benin
textiles, food processing, chemical production, construction
materials (2001)

Bermuda
tourism, international business, light manufacturing

Bhutan
cement, wood products, processed fruits, alcoholic beverages,
calcium carbide

Bolivia
mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco,
handicrafts, clothing

Bosnia and Herzegovina
steel, coal, iron ore, lead, zinc, manganese,
bauxite, vehicle assembly, textiles, tobacco products, wooden
furniture, tank and aircraft assembly, domestic appliances, oil
refining (2001)

Botswana
diamonds, copper, nickel, salt, soda ash, potash; livestock
processing; textiles

Brazil
textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin,
steel, aircraft, motor vehicles and parts, other machinery and
equipment

British Virgin Islands
tourism, light industry, construction, rum,
concrete block, offshore financial center

Brunei
petroleum, petroleum refining, liquefied natural gas,
construction

Bulgaria
electricity, gas and water; food, beverages and tobacco;
machinery and equipment, base metals, chemical products, coke,
refined petroleum, nuclear fuel

Burkina Faso
cotton lint, beverages, agricultural processing, soap,
cigarettes, textiles, gold

Burma
agricultural processing; knit and woven apparel; wood and wood
products; copper, tin, tungsten, iron; construction materials;
pharmaceuticals; fertilizer; cement

Burundi
light consumer goods such as blankets, shoes, soap; assembly
of imported components; public works construction; food processing

Cambodia
tourism, garments, rice milling, fishing, wood and wood
products, rubber, cement, gem mining, textiles

Cameroon
petroleum production and refining, food processing, light
consumer goods, textiles, lumber

Canada
transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and
unprocessed minerals, food products; wood and paper products; fish
products, petroleum and natural gas

Cape Verde
food and beverages, fish processing, shoes and garments,
salt mining, ship repair

Cayman Islands
tourism, banking, insurance and finance,
construction, construction materials, furniture

Central African Republic
diamond mining, logging, brewing, textiles,
footwear, assembly of bicycles and motorcycles

Chad
oil, cotton textiles, meatpacking, beer brewing, natron (sodium
carbonate), soap, cigarettes, construction materials

Chile
copper, other minerals, foodstuffs, fish processing, iron and
steel, wood and wood products, transport equipment, cement, textiles

China
iron and steel, coal, machine building, armaments, textiles
and apparel, petroleum, cement, chemical fertilizers, footwear,
toys, food processing, automobiles, consumer electronics,
telecommunications

Christmas Island
tourism, phosphate extraction (near depletion)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
copra products and tourism

Colombia
textiles, food processing, oil, clothing and footwear,
beverages, chemicals, cement; gold, coal, emeralds

Comoros
tourism, perfume distillation

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
mining (diamonds, copper, zinc),
mineral processing, consumer products (including textiles, footwear,
cigarettes, processed foods and beverages), cement

Congo, Republic of the
petroleum extraction, cement, lumber,
brewing, sugar, palm oil, soap, flour, cigarettes

Cook Islands
fruit processing, tourism, fishing, clothing,
handicrafts

Costa Rica
microprocessors, food processing, textiles and clothing,
construction materials, fertilizer, plastic products

Cote d'Ivoire
foodstuffs, beverages; wood products, oil refining,
truck and bus assembly, textiles, fertilizer, building materials,
electricity

Croatia
chemicals and plastics, machine tools, fabricated metal,
electronics, pig iron and rolled steel products, aluminum, paper,
wood products, construction materials, textiles, shipbuilding,
petroleum and petroleum refining, food and beverages; tourism

Cuba
sugar, petroleum, tobacco, construction, nickel, steel, cement,
agricultural machinery, pharmaceuticals

Cyprus
food, beverages, textiles, chemicals, metal products,
tourism, wood products

Czech Republic
metallurgy, machinery and equipment, motor vehicles,
glass, armaments

Denmark
food processing, machinery and equipment, textiles and
clothing, chemical products, electronics, construction, furniture
and other wood products, shipbuilding, windmills

Djibouti
construction, agricultural processing

Dominica
soap, coconut oil, tourism, copra, furniture, cement
blocks, shoes

Dominican Republic
tourism, sugar processing, ferronickel and gold
mining, textiles, cement, tobacco

East Timor
printing, soap manufacturing, handicrafts, woven cloth

Ecuador
petroleum, food processing, textiles, wood products,
chemicals

Egypt
textiles, food processing, tourism, chemicals, hydrocarbons,
construction, cement, metals

El Salvador
food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals,
fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals

Equatorial Guinea
petroleum, fishing, sawmilling, natural gas

Eritrea
food processing, beverages, clothing and textiles

Estonia
engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textile;
information technology, telecommunications

Ethiopia
food processing, beverages, textiles, chemicals, metals
processing, cement