Chapter LXXXI: Section 3: , Taipei, Taiwan, telephone: 886 (2) 2162-2000, FAX (17)

Austria
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by the financial institutions
of member countries; as of 1 January 2002, the euro became the only
legal tender in EMU member countries, including Austria

Azerbaijan
Azerbaijani manat (AZM)

Bahamas, The
Bahamian dollar (BSD)

Bahrain
Bahraini dinar (BHD)

Bangladesh
taka (BDT)

Barbados
Barbadian dollar (BBD)

Belarus
Belarusian ruble (BYB/BYR)

Belgium
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Belize
Belizean dollar (BZD)

Benin
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Bermuda
Bermudian dollar (BMD)

Bhutan
ngultrum (BTN); Indian rupee (INR)

Bolivia
boliviano (BOB)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
marka (BAM)

Botswana
pula (BWP)

Brazil
real (BRL)

British Virgin Islands
US dollar (USD)

Brunei
Bruneian dollar (BND)

Bulgaria
lev (BGL)

Burkina Faso
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Burma
kyat (MMK)

Burundi
Burundi franc (BIF)

Cambodia
riel (KHR)

Cameroon
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note -
responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Canada
Canadian dollar (CAD)

Cape Verde
Cape Verdean escudo (CVE)

Cayman Islands
Caymanian dollar (KYD)

Central African Republic
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc
(XAF); note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central
African States

Chad
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note - responsible
authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Chile
Chilean peso (CLP)

China
yuan (CNY)
note:: also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB)

Christmas Island
Australian dollar (AUD)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
Australian dollar (AUD)

Colombia
Colombian peso (COP)

Comoros
Comoran franc (KMF)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Congolese franc (CDF)

Congo, Republic of the
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF);
note - responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African
States

Cook Islands
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Costa Rica
Costa Rican colon (CRC)

Cote d'Ivoire
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Croatia
kuna (HRK)

Cuba
Cuban peso (CUP)

Cyprus
Republic of Cyprus: Cypriot pound (CYP); north Cyprus:
Turkish lira (TRL)

Czech Republic
Czech koruna (CZK)

Denmark
Danish krone (DKK)

Djibouti
Djiboutian franc (DJF)

Dominica
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Dominican Republic
Dominican peso (DOP)

East Timor
US dollar (USD)

Ecuador
US dollar (USD)

Egypt
Egyptian pound (EGP)

El Salvador
US dollar (USD)

Equatorial Guinea
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note
- responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Eritrea
nakfa (ERN)

Estonia
Estonian kroon (EEK)

Ethiopia
birr (ETB)

European Union
euro; pound (Cyprus), koruna (Czech Republic), krone
(Denmark), kroon (Estonia), forint (Hungary), lat (Latvia), litas
(Lithuania), lira (Malta), zloty (Poland), koruna (Slovakia), tolar
(Slovenia), krona (Sweden), pound (UK)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
Falkland pound (FKP)

Faroe Islands
Danish krone (DKK)

Fiji
Fijian dollar (FJD)

Finland
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

France
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

French Guiana
euro (EUR)

French Polynesia
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)

Gabon
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XAF); note -
responsible authority is the Bank of the Central African States

Gambia, The
dalasi (GMD)

Gaza Strip
new Israeli shekel (ILS)

Georgia
lari (GEL)

Germany
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Ghana
cedi (GHC)

Gibraltar
Gibraltar pound (GIP)

Greece
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Greenland
Danish krone (DKK) is the official legal tender.

Grenada
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Guadeloupe
euro (EUR); French franc (FRF)

Guam
US dollar (USD)

Guatemala
quetzal (GTQ), US dollar (USD), others allowed

Guernsey
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Guernsey pound

Guinea
Guinean franc (GNF)

Guinea-Bissau
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African
States; previously the Guinea-Bissau peso (GWP) was used

Guyana
Guyanese dollar (GYD)

Haiti
gourde (HTG)

Holy See (Vatican City)
euro (EUR)

Honduras
lempira (HNL)

Hong Kong
Hong Kong dollar (HKD)

Hungary
forint (HUF)

Iceland
Icelandic krona (ISK)

India
Indian rupee (INR)

Indonesia
Indonesian rupiah (IDR)

Iran
Iranian rial (IRR)

Iraq
New Iraqi dinar (NID) as of 22 January 2004

Ireland
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Israel
new Israeli shekel (ILS); note - NIS is the currency
abbreviation; ILS is the International Organization for
Standarization (ISO) code for the NIS

Italy
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Jamaica
Jamaican dollar (JMD)

Japan
yen (JPY)

Jersey
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Jersey pound

Jordan
Jordanian dinar (JOD)

Kazakhstan
tenge (KZT)

Kenya
Kenyan shilling (KES)

Kiribati
Australian dollar (AUD)

Korea, North
North Korean won (KPW)

Korea, South
South Korean won (KRW)

Kuwait
Kuwaiti dinar (KWD)

Kyrgyzstan
Kyrgyzstani som (KGS)

Laos
kip (LAK)

Latvia
Latvian lat (LVL)

Lebanon
Lebanese pound (LBP)

Lesotho
loti (LSL); South African rand (ZAR)

Liberia
Liberian dollar (LRD)

Libya
Libyan dinar (LYD)

Liechtenstein
Swiss franc (CHF)

Lithuania
litas (LTL)

Luxembourg
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Macau
pataca (MOP)

Macedonia
Macedonian denar (MKD)

Madagascar
Malagasy franc (MGF)

Malawi
Malawian kwacha (MWK)

Malaysia
ringgit (MYR)

Maldives
rufiyaa (MVR)

Mali
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible
authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Malta
Maltese lira (MTL)

Man, Isle of
British pound (GBP); note - there is also a Manx pound

Marshall Islands
US dollar (USD)

Martinique
euro (EUR)

Mauritania
ouguiya (MRO)

Mauritius
Mauritian rupee (MUR)

Mayotte
euro (EUR)

Mexico
Mexican peso (MXN)

Micronesia, Federated States of
US dollar (USD)

Moldova
Moldovan leu (MDL)

Monaco
euro (EUR)

Mongolia
togrog/tugrik (MNT)

Montserrat
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Morocco
Moroccan dirham (MAD)

Mozambique
metical (MZM)

Namibia
Namibian dollar (NAD); South African rand (ZAR)

Nauru
Australian dollar (AUD)

Nepal
Nepalese rupee (NPR)

Netherlands
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Netherlands Antilles
Netherlands Antillean guilder (ANG)

New Caledonia
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF); note -
may adopt the euro in 2003

New Zealand
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Nicaragua
gold cordoba (NIO)

Niger
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Nigeria
naira (NGN)

Niue
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Norfolk Island
Australian dollar (AUD)

Northern Mariana Islands
US dollar (USD)

Norway
Norwegian krone (NOK)

Oman
Omani rial (OMR)

Pakistan
Pakistani rupee (PKR)

Palau
US dollar (USD)

Panama
balboa (PAB); US dollar (USD)

Papua New Guinea
kina (PGK)

Paraguay
guarani (PYG)

Peru
nuevo sol (PEN)

Philippines
Philippine peso (PHP)

Pitcairn Islands
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Poland
zloty (PLN)

Portugal
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by financial institutions of
member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions within the member countries

Puerto Rico
US dollar (USD)

Qatar
Qatari rial (QAR)

Reunion
euro (EUR)

Romania
leu (ROL)

Russia
Russian ruble (RUR)

Rwanda
Rwandan franc (RWF)

Saint Helena
Saint Helenian pound (SHP)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Saint Lucia
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
euro (EUR)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
East Caribbean dollar (XCD)

Samoa
tala (SAT)

San Marino
euro (EUR)

Sao Tome and Principe
dobra (STD)

Saudi Arabia
Saudi riyal (SAR)

Senegal
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note -
responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Serbia and Montenegro
in Serbia the Serbian dinar (CSD) is legal
tender, but the euro (EUR) is the de facto currency; in Montenegro
and Kosovo the euro is legal tender. (2004)

Seychelles
Seychelles rupee (SCR)

Sierra Leone
leone (SLL)

Singapore
Singapore dollar (SGD)

Slovakia
Slovak koruna (SKK)

Slovenia
tolar (SIT)

Solomon Islands
Solomon Islands dollar (SBD)

Somalia
Somali shilling (SOS)

South Africa
rand (ZAR)

Spain
euro (EUR)
note: on 1 January 1999, the European Monetary Union introduced the
euro as a common currency to be used by the financial institutions
of member countries; on 1 January 2002, the euro became the sole
currency for everyday transactions with the member countries

Sri Lanka
Sri Lankan rupee (LKR)

Sudan
Sudanese dinar (SDD)

Suriname
Surinamese guilder (SRG)

Svalbard
Norwegian krone (NOK)

Swaziland
lilangeni (SZL)

Sweden
Swedish krona (SEK)

Switzerland
Swiss franc (CHF)

Syria
Syrian pound (SYP)

Taiwan
new Taiwan dollar (TWD)

Tajikistan
somoni

Tanzania
Tanzanian shilling (TZS)

Thailand
baht (THB)

Togo
Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible
authority is the Central Bank of the West African States

Tokelau
New Zealand dollar (NZD)

Tonga
pa'anga (TOP)

Trinidad and Tobago
Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)

Tunisia
Tunisian dinar (TND)

Turkey
Turkish lira (TRL)

Turkmenistan
Turkmen manat (TMM)

Turks and Caicos Islands
US dollar (USD)

Tuvalu
Australian dollar (AUD); note - there is also a Tuvaluan
dollar

Uganda
Ugandan shilling (UGX)

Ukraine
hryvnia (UAH)

United Arab Emirates
Emirati dirham (AED)

United Kingdom
British pound (GBP)

United States
US dollar (USD)

Uruguay
Uruguayan peso (UYU)

Uzbekistan
Uzbekistani sum (UZS)

Vanuatu
vatu (VUV)

Venezuela
bolivar (VEB)

Vietnam
dong (VND)

Virgin Islands
US dollar (USD)

Wallis and Futuna
Comptoirs Francais du Pacifique franc (XPF)

West Bank
new Israeli shekel (ILS); Jordanian dinar (JOD)

Western Sahara
Moroccan dirham (MAD)

Yemen
Yemeni rial (YER)

Zambia
Zambian kwacha (ZMK)

Zimbabwe
Zimbabwean dollar (ZWD)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

======================================================================

@2066 Death rate (deaths/1,000 population)

Afghanistan
21.12 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Albania
5.02 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Algeria
4.61 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

American Samoa
3.39 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Andorra
5.9 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Angola
25.86 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Anguilla
5.46 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Antigua and Barbuda
5.55 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Argentina
7.57 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Armenia
8.12 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Aruba
6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Australia
7.38 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Austria
9.56 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Azerbaijan
9.76 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Bahamas, The
8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Bahrain
4.03 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Bangladesh
8.52 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Barbados
9.08 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Belarus
14.1 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Belgium
10.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Belize
6.04 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Benin
13.69 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Bermuda
7.55 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Bhutan
13.2 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Bolivia
7.77 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
8.33 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Botswana
33.63 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Brazil
6.14 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

British Virgin Islands
4.42 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Brunei
3.4 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Bulgaria
14.25 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Burkina Faso
18.79 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Burma
12.16 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Burundi
17.61 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cambodia
9.1 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cameroon
15.34 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Canada
7.67 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cape Verde
6.72 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cayman Islands
4.76 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Central African Republic
19.99 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Chad
16.38 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Chile
5.71 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

China
6.92 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Christmas Island
NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Colombia
5.61 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Comoros
8.63 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
14.64 deaths/1,000 population
(2004 est.)

Congo, Republic of the
14.49 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cook Islands
NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Costa Rica
4.32 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cote d'Ivoire
18.48 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Croatia
11.3 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cuba
7.17 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Cyprus
7.63 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Czech Republic
10.54 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Denmark
10.53 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Djibouti
19.42 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Dominica
6.9 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Dominican Republic
7.1 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

East Timor
6.36 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Ecuador
4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Egypt
5.3 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

El Salvador
5.93 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Equatorial Guinea
12.27 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Eritrea
13.36 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Estonia
13.27 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Ethiopia
20.36 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

European Union
10 deaths/1,000 population (July 2004 est.)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
NA deaths/1,000 population (2004
est.)

Faroe Islands
8.68 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Fiji
5.68 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Finland
9.69 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

France
9.06 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

French Guiana
4.82 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

French Polynesia
4.58 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Gabon
11.43 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Gambia, The
12.08 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Gaza Strip
3.95 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Georgia
8.98 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Germany
10.44 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Ghana
10.67 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Gibraltar
9.05 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Greece
10.08 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Greenland
7.7 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Grenada
7.31 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Guadeloupe
6.05 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Guam
4.35 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Guatemala
6.79 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Guernsey
9.87 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Guinea
15.53 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Guinea-Bissau
16.57 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Guyana
9.71 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Haiti
13.21 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Honduras
6.64 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Hong Kong
5.98 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Hungary
13.16 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Iceland
6.57 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

India
8.38 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Indonesia
6.26 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Iran
5.53 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Iraq
5.66 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Ireland
7.91 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Israel
6.19 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Italy
10.21 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Jamaica
5.4 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Japan
8.75 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Jersey
9.17 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Jordan
2.62 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Kazakhstan
9.59 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Kenya
16.31 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Kiribati
8.49 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Korea, North
6.99 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Korea, South
6.13 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Kuwait
2.44 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Kyrgyzstan
7.19 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Laos
12.1 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Latvia
13.73 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Lebanon
6.28 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Lesotho
24.79 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Liberia
17.86 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Libya
3.48 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Liechtenstein
6.94 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Lithuania
11.03 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Luxembourg
8.42 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Macau
4.23 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Macedonia
7.83 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Madagascar
11.62 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Malawi
23.01 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Malaysia
5.08 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Maldives
7.44 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Mali
19.12 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Malta
7.93 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Man, Isle of
11.35 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Marshall Islands
4.94 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Martinique
6.43 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Mauritania
12.74 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Mauritius
6.82 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Mayotte
8.11 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Mexico
4.73 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Micronesia, Federated States of
4.97 deaths/1,000 population (2004
est.)

Moldova
12.76 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Monaco
12.74 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Mongolia
7.1 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Montserrat
7.36 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Morocco
5.71 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Mozambique
23.86 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Namibia
21.02 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Nauru
6.95 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Nepal
9.66 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Netherlands
8.67 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Netherlands Antilles
6.4 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

New Caledonia
5.64 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

New Zealand
7.54 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Nicaragua
4.54 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Niger
21.51 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Nigeria
13.99 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Niue
NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Norfolk Island
NA deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Northern Mariana Islands
2.3 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Norway
9.51 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Oman
3.91 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Pakistan
8.67 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Palau
6.89 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Panama
6.39 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Papua New Guinea
7.5 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Paraguay
4.58 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Peru
6.29 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Philippines
5.53 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Pitcairn Islands
NA deaths/1,000 population

Poland
9.97 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Portugal
10.37 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Puerto Rico
7.77 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Qatar
4.52 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Reunion
5.48 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Romania
11.69 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Russia
15.17 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Rwanda
21.86 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Saint Helena
6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
8.65 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Saint Lucia
5.18 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Saint Pierre and Miquelon
6.72 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
6.04 deaths/1,000 population (2004
est.)

Samoa
6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

San Marino
7.96 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Sao Tome and Principe
6.89 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Saudi Arabia
2.66 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Senegal
10.74 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Serbia and Montenegro
10.53 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Seychelles
6.41 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Sierra Leone
20.62 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Singapore
4.05 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Slovakia
9.48 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Slovenia
10.15 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Solomon Islands
4.04 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Somalia
17.3 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

South Africa
20.54 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Spain
9.55 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Sri Lanka
6.47 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Sudan
9.37 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Suriname
6.99 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Svalbard
NA deaths/1,000 population

Swaziland
23.06 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Sweden
10.38 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Switzerland
8.44 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Syria
4.96 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Taiwan
6.29 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Tajikistan
8.42 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Tanzania
17.45 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Thailand
6.94 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Togo
11.64 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Tokelau
NA deaths/1,000 population

Tonga
5.45 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Trinidad and Tobago
9.02 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Tunisia
5.05 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Turkey
5.95 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Turkmenistan
8.82 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Turks and Caicos Islands
4.26 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Tuvalu
7.24 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Uganda
16.61 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Ukraine
16.41 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

United Arab Emirates
4.14 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

United Kingdom
10.19 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

United States
8.34 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Uruguay
9.07 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Uzbekistan
7.95 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Vanuatu
8.02 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Venezuela
4.9 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Vietnam
6.14 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Virgin Islands
6.1 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Wallis and Futuna
NA deaths/1,000 population

West Bank
4.07 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Western Sahara
NA deaths/1,000 population

World
8.86 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Yemen
8.78 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Zambia
24.35 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

Zimbabwe
23.3 deaths/1,000 population (2004 est.)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

======================================================================

@2067 Military expenditures - dollar figure

Afghanistan
$61 million (2003)

Albania
$56.5 million (FY02)

Algeria
$2,196.6 million (2003)

Angola
$265.1 million (2003)

Antigua and Barbuda
NA

Argentina
$4.3 billion (FY99)

Armenia
$135 million (FY01)

Australia
$14,120.1 million (2003)

Austria
$1.497 billion (FY01/02)

Azerbaijan
$121 million (FY99)

Bahamas, The
NA

Bahrain
$618.1 million (2003)

Bangladesh
$606.8 million (2003)

Barbados
NA

Belarus
$176.1 million (FY02)

Belgium
$3.999 billion (2003)

Belize
$18 million (2003)

Benin
$98.3 million (2003)

Bermuda
$4.03 million (2001)

Bhutan
$11.2 million (2003)

Bolivia
$127 million (2003)

Bosnia and Herzegovina
$234.3 million (FY02)

Botswana
$298.9 million (2003)

Brazil
$10,439.4 million (2003)

Brunei
$339.5 million (2003)

Bulgaria
$356 million (FY02)

Burkina Faso
$52.7 million (2003)

Burma
$39 million (FY97)

Burundi
$33.3 million (2003)

Cambodia
$112 million (FY01 est.)

Cameroon
$189.2 million (2003)

Canada
$9,801.7 million (2003)

Cape Verde
$12.3 million (2003)

Central African Republic
$14.5 million (2003)

Chad
$55.4 million (2003)

Chile
$2,839.6 million (2003)

China
$60 billion (2003 est.)

Colombia
$3.3 billion (FY01)

Comoros
$6 million (2003)

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
$115.5 million (2003)

Congo, Republic of the
$68.6 million (2003)

Costa Rica
$64 million (2003)

Cote d'Ivoire
$173.6 million (2003)

Croatia
$520 million (2002 est.)

Cuba
$572.3 million (2003)

Cyprus
$384 million (FY02)

Czech Republic
$1,190.2 million (FY01)

Denmark
$3,271.6 million (2003)

Djibouti
$26.5 million (2003)

Dominica
NA

Dominican Republic
$180 million (1998)

East Timor
$4.4 million (FY03)

Ecuador
$650 million (2003)

Egypt
$2,443.2 million (2003)

El Salvador
$157 million (2003)

Equatorial Guinea
$75.1 million (2003)

Eritrea
$77.9 million (2003)

Estonia
$155 million (2002 est.)

Ethiopia
$345 million (2003)

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
NA

Faroe Islands
NA

Fiji
$34 million (2003)

Finland
$1.8 billion (FY98/99)

France
$45,238.1 million (2003)

French Guiana
NA

Gabon
$149.3 million (2003)

Gambia, The
$900,000 (2003)

Gaza Strip
NA

Georgia
$23 million (FY00)

Germany
$35.063 billion (2003)

Ghana
$44 million (2003)

Greece
$7,288.9 million (2003)

Grenada
NA

Guatemala
$202.6 million (2003)

Guinea
$58.5 million (2003)

Guinea-Bissau
$8.4 million (2003)

Guyana
$6.5 million (2003)

Haiti
$25.8 million (2003)

Honduras
$99.8 million (2003)

Hong Kong
Hong Kong garrison is funded by China; figures are NA

Hungary
$1.08 billion (2002 est.)

Iceland
0

India
$14,018.8 million (2003)

Indonesia
$1 billion (FY98)

Iran
$4.3 billion (2003 est.)

Iraq
$1.3 billion (FY00)

Ireland
$700 million (FY00/01)

Israel
$9.11 billion (FY03)

Italy
$28,182.8 million (2003)

Jamaica
$31 million (2003)

Japan
$42,488.1 million (2003)

Jordan
$2,043.2 million (2003)

Kazakhstan
$221.8 million (Ministry of Defense expenditures) (FY02)

Kenya
$231 million (2003)

Kiribati
NA

Korea, North
$5,217.4 million (FY02)

Korea, South
$14.522 billion (FY03)

Kuwait
$2,500.4 million (2003)

Kyrgyzstan
$19.2 million (FY01)

Laos
$10.9 million (2003)

Latvia
$87 million (FY01)

Lebanon
$541 million (2002)

Lesotho
$32.5 million (2003)

Liberia
$10 million (2003)

Libya
$1.3 billion (FY99)

Lithuania
$230.8 million (FY01)

Luxembourg
$231.6 million (2003)

Macedonia
$200 million (FY01/02 est.)

Madagascar
$69.8 million (2003)

Malawi
$11.5 million (2003)

Malaysia
$1.69 billion (FY00 est.)

Maldives
$43.1 million (2003)

Mali
$51.1 million (2003)

Malta
$33.3 million (2003)

Marshall Islands
NA

Mauritania
$40.8 million (2003)

Mauritius
$11.2 million (2003)

Mexico
$5,168.3 million (2003)

Moldova
$9.5 million (FY03)

Mongolia
$23.1 million (FY02)

Morocco
$2,297.2 million (2003)

Mozambique
$101.3 million (2003)

Namibia
$111.6 million (2003)

Nauru
NA

Nepal
$295 million (FY03)

Netherlands
$8,044.4 million (2003)

New Caledonia
NA

New Zealand
$1.147 billion (FY03/04)

Nicaragua
$30.8 million (2003)

Niger
$21.7 million (2003)

Nigeria
$469.8 million (2003)

Norway
$4,033.5 million (2003)

Oman
$242.07 million (2003)

Pakistan
$2.7 billion (FY02/03)

Palau
NA

Panama
$145 million (2003)

Papua New Guinea
$16.9 million (2003)

Paraguay
$52.7 million (2003)

Peru
$829.4 million (2003)

Philippines
$995 million (FY98)

Poland
$3.5 billion (2002)

Portugal
$3,497.8 million (2003)

Qatar
$723 million (FY00)

Romania
$985 million (2002)

Russia
NA

Rwanda
$47.7 million (2003)

Saint Kitts and Nevis
NA

Saint Lucia
NA

Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
NA

Samoa
NA

San Marino
$700,000 (FY00/01)

Sao Tome and Principe
$500,000 (2003)

Saudi Arabia
$18 billion (2002)

Senegal
$95.8 million (2003)

Serbia and Montenegro
$654 million (2002)

Seychelles
$11.6 million (2003)

Sierra Leone
$11.7 million (2003)

Singapore
$4.47 billion (FY01 est.)

Slovakia
$406 million (2002)

Slovenia
$370 million (FY00)

Solomon Islands
NA

Somalia
$18.9 million (2003)

South Africa
$2,653.4 million (2003)

Spain
$9,906.5 million (2003)

Sri Lanka
$518 million (2003)

Sudan
$581 million (2001 est.)

Suriname
$7.5 million (2003)

Swaziland
$29 million (2003)

Sweden
$4.395 billion (FY01)

Switzerland
$2.548 billion (FY01)

Syria
$858 million (FY00 est.); note - based on official budget data
that may understate actual spending

Taiwan
$7,611.7 million (2003)

Tajikistan
$35.4 million (FY01)

Tanzania
$20.3 million (2003)

Thailand
$1.775 billion (FY00)

Togo
$32.6 million (2003)

Tonga
NA

Trinidad and Tobago
$66.7 million (2003)

Tunisia
$356 million (FY99)

Turkey
$12.155 billion (2003)

Turkmenistan
$90 million (FY99)

Tuvalu
NA

Uganda
$128.2 million (2003)

Ukraine
$617.9 million (FY02)

United Arab Emirates
$1.6 billion (FY00)

United Kingdom
$42,836.5 million (2003)

United States
$370.7 billion (FY04 est.) (March 2003)

Uruguay
$217.9 million (2003)

Uzbekistan
$200 million (FY97)

Vanuatu
NA

Venezuela
$1,125.6 million (2003)

Vietnam
$650 million (FY98)

West Bank
NA

Western Sahara
NA

World
aggregate real expenditure on arms worldwide in 1999 remained
at approximately the 1998 level, about three-quarters of a trillion
dollars (1999 est.)

Yemen
$885.6 million (2003)

Zambia
$42.6 million (2003)

Zimbabwe
$105 million (2003)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

======================================================================

@2068 Dependent areas

Australia
Ashmore and Cartier Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos
(Keeling) Islands, Coral Sea Islands, Heard Island and McDonald
Islands, Norfolk Island

France
Bassas da India, Clipperton Island, Europa Island, French
Polynesia, French Southern and Antarctic Lands, Glorioso Islands,
Juan de Nova Island, New Caledonia, Tromelin Island, Wallis and
Futuna
note: the US does not recognize claims to Antarctica

Netherlands
Aruba, Netherlands Antilles

New Zealand
Cook Islands, Niue, Tokelau

Norway
Bouvet Island, Jan Mayen, Svalbard

United Kingdom
Anguilla, Bermuda, British Indian Ocean Territory,
British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Falkland Islands, Gibraltar,
Guernsey, Jersey, Isle of Man, Montserrat, Pitcairn Islands, Saint
Helena and Ascension, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands,
Turks and Caicos Islands

United States
American Samoa, Baker Island, Guam, Howland Island,
Jarvis Island, Johnston Atoll, Kingman Reef, Midway Islands, Navassa
Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palmyra Atoll, Puerto Rico, Virgin
Islands, Wake Island
note: from 18 July 1947 until 1 October 1994, the US administered
the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands. It entered into a
political relationship with all four political units: the Northern
Mariana Islands is a commonwealth in political union with the US
(effective 3 November 1986); Palau concluded a Compact of Free
Association with the US (effective 1 October 1994); the Federated
States of Micronesia signed a Compact of Free Association with the
US (effective 3 November 1986); the Republic of the Marshall Islands
signed a Compact of Free Association with the US (effective 21
October 1986)

This page was last updated on 10 February, 2005

======================================================================

@2070 Disputes - international

Afghanistan
despite largely successful UN efforts at voluntary
repatriation, 2-3 million Afghan refugees continue to reside in Iran
and Pakistan, many at their own choosing; Pakistan has sent troops
into remote tribal areas to control the border and stem organized
terrorist and other illegal cross-border activites; regular meetings
between Pakistani and coalition allies aim to resolve periodic
claims of boundary encroachments; occasional conflicts over
water-sharing arrangements with Amu Darya and Helmand River states

Albania
the Albanian Government calls for the protection of the
rights of ethnic Albanians in neighboring countries, and the
peaceful resolution of interethnic disputes; some ethnic Albanian
groups in neighboring countries advocate for a "greater Albania,"
but the idea has little appeal among Albanian nationals

Algeria
Algeria supports the exiled Sahrawi Polisario Front and
rejects Moroccan administration of Western Sahara; Algeria's border
with Morocco remains an irritant to bilateral relations; each nation
has accused the other of harboring militants and arms smuggling; in
an attempt to improve relations afer unilaterally imposing a visa
requirement on Algerians in the early 1990s, Morocco lifted the
requirement in mid-2004 - a gesture not reciprocated by Algeria;
Algeria remains concerned about armed bandits operating throughout
the Sahel who sometimes destabilize southern Algerian towns; dormant
disputes include Libyan claims of about 32,000 sq km still reflected
on its maps of southeastern Algeria and the FLN's assertions of a
claim to Chirac Pastures in southeastern Morocco

American Samoa
none

Andorra
none

Angola
continues to give shelter to refugees from the Democratic
Republic of the Congo while many Angolan refugees and Cabinda
exclave secessionists reside in neighboring states

Anguilla
none

Antarctica
Antarctic Treaty freezes claims (see Antarctic Treaty
Summary in Government type entry); sections (some overlapping)
claimed by Argentina, Australia, Chile, France, NZ, Norway, and UK;
the US and most other states do not recognize the territorial claims
of other states and have made no claims themselves (the US and
Russia reserve the right to do so); no claims have been made in the
sector between 90 degrees west and 150 degrees west; several states
with land claims in Antarctica have expressed their intention to
submit data to the UN Commission on the Limits of the Continental
Shelf to extend their continental shelf claims to adjoining undersea
ridges

Antigua and Barbuda
none

Arctic Ocean
some maritime disputes (see littoral states)

Argentina
UK continues to reject sovereignty talks requested by
Argentina, whose constitution still claims UK-administered Falkland
Islands (Islas Malvinas) and South Georgia and the South Sandwich
Islands, but in 1995 ceded the right to settle the dispute by force;
Beagle Channel islands dispute resolved through Papal mediation in
1984, but armed incidents persist since 1992 oil discovery;
territorial claim in Antarctica partially overlaps UK and Chilean
claims (see Antarctic disputes); unruly region at convergence of
Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay borders is locus of money laundering,
smuggling, arms and drug trafficking, and fundraising for extremist
organizations; uncontested dispute between Brazil and Uruguay over
Braziliera Island in the Quarai/Cuareim River leaves the tripoint
with Argentina in question

Armenia
Armenia supports ethnic Armenian secessionists in
Nagorno-Karabakh and militarily occupies 16% of Azerbaijan -
Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) continues
to mediate dispute; border with Turkey remains closed over
Nagorno-Karabakh dispute; traditional demands regarding former
Armenian lands in Turkey have subsided; ethnic Armenian groups in
Javakheti region of Georgia seek greater autonomy from the new
Georgian Government

Aruba
none

Ashmore and Cartier Islands
Indonesian groups challenge Australia's
claim to Ashmore Reef; Australia has closed the surrounding waters
to Indonesian traditional fishing and has created a national park in
the region while continuing to prospect for hydrocarbons in the
vicinity

Atlantic Ocean
some maritime disputes (see littoral states)

Australia
the 1999 maritime delimitation established partial
maritime boundaries with East Timor over part of the Timor Gap but
temporary resource-sharing agreements over an unreconciled area
grant Australia 90% share of exploited gas reserves and hamper
creation of a southern maritime boundary with Indonesia (see Ashmore
and Cartier Islands disputes); Australia asserts a territorial claim
to Antarctica and to its continental shelf (see Antarctica)

Austria
minor disputes with the Czech Republic over the Temelin
Nuclear Power Plant

Azerbaijan
Armenia supports ethnic Armenian secessionists in
Nagorno-Karabakh and militarily occupies about one-sixth of
Azerbaijan - Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe
(OSCE) continues to mediate dispute; Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and
Russia ratify Caspian seabed delimitation treaties based on
equidistance, while Iran continues to insist on an even one-fifth
allocation and challenges Azerbaijan's hydrocarbon exploration in
disputed waters; talks resume with Turkmenistan on dividing the
seabed in 2004 as both sides await an ICJ decision on contested
oilfields in the middle of the Caspian; Azerbaijan protests Georgian
constructions at the Red Bridge crossing and several other small
segments of boundary, which remain unresolved until delimitation

Bahamas, The
concerned about migrants fleeing Haiti's deteriorated
economic and political conditions

Bahrain
none

Baker Island
none

Bangladesh
discussions with India remain stalled to delimit a small
section of river boundary, exchange 162 miniscule enclaves in both
countries, allocate divided villages, and stop illegal cross-border
trade, migration, and violence; Bangladesh protests India's attempts
to fence off high-traffic sections of the porous boundary; dispute
with India over New Moore/South Talpatty/Purbasha Island in the Bay
of Bengal deters maritime boundary delimitation; Burmese Muslim
refugees strain Bangladesh's meager resources

Barbados
Barbados intends to take its claim before UNCLOS
arbitration that the northern limit of Trinidad and Tobago's
maritime boundary with Venezuela extends into its waters; joins
other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim that Aves Island
sustains human habitation, a criterion under UNCLOS, which permits
Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf over a large portion
of the Caribbean Sea

Bassas da India
claimed by Madagascar

Belarus
1997 boundary treaty with Ukraine remains unratified over
unresolved financial claims, preventing demarcation and diminishing
border security; boundaries with Latvia and Lithuania remain
undemarcated despite European Union financial support

Belgium
none

Belize
Guatemalan squatters continue to settle along the border
region; an OAS brokered Differendum in 2002 created a small
adjustment to the land boundary, a large Guatemalan maritime
corridor in Caribbean, a joint ecological park for disputed
Sapodilla Cays, and a substantial US-UK financial package, but
agreement was not brought to popular referendum leaving Guatemala to
continue to claim the southern half of Belize

Benin
two villages remain in dispute along the border with Burkina
Faso; accuses Burkina Faso of moving boundary pillars; much of
Benin-Niger boundary, including tripoint with Nigeria, remains
undemarcated, and ICJ ad hoc judges have been selected to rule on
disputed Niger and Mekrou River islands; several villages along the
Okpara River are in dispute with Nigeria; a joint boundary
commission continues to resurvey the boundary with Togo to verify
Benin's claim that Togo moved boundary stones

Bermuda
none

Bhutan
approximately 100,000 Bhutanese refugees living in Nepal, 90%
of whom reside in seven UN Office of the High Commissioner for
Refugees camps, place decades-long strains on Nepal

Bolivia
has reactivated its claim to restore the Atacama corridor,
ceded to Chile in 1884, to secure sovereign maritime access for
Bolivian natural gas

Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia and
Montenegro have delimited most of their boundary, but sections along
the Drina River remain in dispute; discussions continue with Croatia
on problem sections around Kostajnica on the Una River and villages
at the base of Mount Pljesevica

Botswana
established a commission with Namibia to resolve small
residual disputes along the Caprivi Strip, including the Situngu
marshlands along the Linyanti River; downstream Botswana residents
protest Namibia's planned construction of the Okavango hydroelectric
dam at Popavalle (Popa Falls); Botswana, Namibia, Zambia, and
Zimbabwe boundary convergence is not clearly defined or delimited

Bouvet Island
none

Brazil
unruly region at convergence of Argentina-Brazil-Paraguay
borders is locus of money laundering, smuggling, arms and drug
trafficking, and fundraising for extremist organizations;
uncontested dispute with Uruguay over certain islands in the
Quarai/Cuareim and Invernada boundary streams and the resulting
tripoint with Argentina

British Indian Ocean Territory
Mauritius and Seychelles claim the
Chagos Archipelago and its former inhabitants, who reside chiefly in
Mauritius, but in 2001 were granted UK citizenship and the right to
repatriation since eviction in 1965; the UK resists the Chagossians'
demand for an immediate return to the islands; repatriation is
complicated by the exclusive US military lease of Diego Garcia that
restricted access to the largest island in the chain

British Virgin Islands
none

Brunei
in 2003 Brunei and Malaysia ceased gas and oil exploration in
their offshore and deepwater seabeds until negotiations progress to
an agreement over allocation of disputed areas; Malaysia's land
boundary with Brunei around Limbang is in dispute; Brunei
established an exclusive economic fishing zone encompassing Louisa
Reef in southern Spratly Islands in 1984 but makes no public
territorial claim to the offshore reefs; the 2002 "Declaration on
the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea" has eased tensions in
the Spratly Islands but falls short of a legally binding "code of
conduct" desired by several of the disputants

Bulgaria
none

Burkina Faso
two villages are in dispute along the border with
Benin; Benin accuses Burkina Faso of moving boundary pillars;
Burkina Faso border regions have become a staging area for Liberia
and Cote d'Ivoire rebels and an asylum for refugees caught in
regional fighting; the Ivoirian Government accuses Burkina Faso of
supporting Ivoirian rebels

Burma
despite continuing border committee talks, significant
differences remain with Thailand over boundary alignment and the
handling of ethnic rebels, refugees, and illegal cross-border
activities; groups in Burma and Thailand express concern over
China's construction of 13 hydroelectric dams on the Salween River
in Yunnan Province; India seeks cooperation from Burma to keep out
Indian Nagaland insurgents

Burundi
Tutsi, Hutu, and other conflicting ethnic groups, associated
political rebels, armed gangs, and various government forces
continue fighting in the Great Lakes region, transcending the
boundaries of Burundi, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Rwanda, and
Uganda to gain control over populated and natural resource areas;
government heads pledge to end conflict, but localized violence
continues despite UN peacekeeping efforts

Cambodia
land boundary disputes persist among Cambodian claims that
Thailand and Vietnam moved or destroyed boundary markers; maritime
boundary with Vietnam is hampered by dispute over offshore islands;
Cambodia periodically accuses Thailand of obstructing access to
Preah Vihear temple ruins awarded to Cambodia by ICJ decision in
1962; 2003 anti-Thai riots in Phnom Penh resulted in the destruction
of the Thai Embassy, damage to 17 Thai-owned businesses, and
disputes over full payment of compensation

Cameroon
ICJ ruled in 2002 on the entire Cameroon-Nigeria land and
maritime boundary but the parties formed a Joint Border Commission
to resolve differences bilaterally and have commenced with
demarcation in less-contested sections of the boundary, starting in
Lake Chad in the north; the ICF ruled on an equidistance settlement
of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf
of Guinea, however, implementation of the decision is delayed due to
imprecisely defined coordinates, the unresolved Bakasi allocation,
and a sovereignty dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon
over an island at the mouth of the Ntem River; Nigeria initially
rejected cession of the Bakasi Peninsula; Lake Chad Commission
continues to urge signatories Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria to
ratify delimitation treaty over the lake region, which remains the
site of armed clashes among local populations and militias

Canada
managed maritime boundary disputes with the US at Dixon
Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and around the
disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; uncontested dispute
with Denmark over Hans Island sovereignty in the Kennedy Channel
between Ellesmere Island and Greenland

Cape Verde
none

Cayman Islands
none

Central African Republic
internal political instabilities with
fighting and violence overlap into Chad and CAR, leaving refugees
and rebel groups in both countries; Sudan has pledged to work with
CAR to stem violent skirmishes over water and grazing rights among
related pastoral populations along the border

Chad
civil war in Sudan overlaps into Chad as both states step up
border patrols, leaving refugees and rebel groups in both countries;
Chad serves as an important mediator in the Sudanese civil conflict;
Chadian Aozou rebels reside in southern Libya; Lake Chad Commission
continues to urge signatories Cameroon, Chad, Niger, and Nigeria to
ratify delimitation treaty over lake region; Chad rejects Nigerian
request to redemarcate boundary, the site of periodic cross-border
incidents

Chile
Bolivia has reactivated its claim to the Atacama corridor
ceded to Chile in 1884 to secure sovereign maritime access for
Bolivian natural gas; dispute with Peru over the economic zone
delimited by the maritime boundary; Beagle Channel islands dispute
resolved through Papal mediation in 1984, but armed incidents
persist since 1992 oil discovery; territorial claim in Antarctica
(Chilean Antarctic Territory) partially overlaps Argentine and
British claims

China
involved in complex dispute with Malaysia, Philippines,
Taiwan, Vietnam, and possibly Brunei over the Spratly Islands; the
2002 "Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the South China Sea"
has eased tensions but falls short of a legally binding "code of
conduct" desired by several of the disputants; most of the rugged,
militarized boundary with India is in dispute, but the two sides are
committed to begin resolution with discussions on the least disputed
Middle Sector; Kashmir remains the world's largest and highly
militarized territorial dispute with portions under the de facto
administration of China (Aksai Chin), India (Jammu and Kashmir), and
Pakistan (Azad Kashmir and Northern Areas), but recent discussion
and confidence-building measures among parties are beginning to
defuse tensions, India does not recognize Pakistan's ceding lands to
China in a 1964 boundary agreement; China and Taiwan continue to
assert their claims to the Japanese-administered Senkaku Islands
(Diaoyu Tai) with increased media coverage and protest actions;
certain islands in Yalu and Tumen rivers are in an uncontested
dispute with North Korea and a section of boundary around Mount
Paektu is indefinite - China has been attempting to manage illegal
migration of North Koreans into northern China; China and Russia in
2004 resolved their last border dispute over islands in the Amur and
Argun Rivers, but details on demarcation have not yet been
worked-out; boundary delimitation agreements signed in 2002 with
Tajikistan cedes 1,000 sq km of Pamir Mountain range to China in
return for China's relinquishing claims to 28,000 sq km, but
demarcation has not commenced; agreements with Vietnam demarcating
maritime boundaries and fisheries cooperation in the Gulf of Tonkin
were ratified in June, and demarcation of the land boundary
continues; China occupies some of the Paracel Islands also claimed
by Vietnam and Taiwan; in response to groups in Burma and Thailand
expressing concern over China's plans to construct 13 hydroelectric
dams on the Nu River in Yunnan Province (Salween River in Burma),
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao suspended the project to conduct an
environmental impact assessment, a smaller scale version of only 4
dams is now scheduled to move forward

Christmas Island
none

Clipperton Island
none

Cocos (Keeling) Islands
none

Colombia
Nicaragua filed a claim against Honduras in 1999 and
against Colombia in 2001 at the ICJ over disputed maritime boundary
involving 50,000 sq km in the Caribbean Sea, including the
Archipelago de San Andres y Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank;
maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela;
Colombian drug activities penetrate Peruvian border area; the
continuing civil disorder in Colombia has created a serious refugee
crisis in neighboring states, especially Ecuador

Comoros
claims French-administered Mayotte

Congo, Democratic Republic of the
Democratic Republic of the Congo
is in the grip of a civil war, tribal conflict, and rebel gang
fighting that has drawn in neighboring states of Burundi, Rwanda and
Uganda; in the Great Lakes region and Sudan, heads of the Great
Lakes states and UN pledge to end conflict, but unchecked localized
violence continues unabated; the location of the boundary in the
broad Congo River with the Republic of the Congo is indefinite
except in the Pool Malebo/Stanley Pool area

Congo, Republic of the
the location of the boundary in the broad
Congo River with the Democratic Republic of the Congo is indefinite
except in the Pool Malebo/Stanley Pool area

Cook Islands
none

Coral Sea Islands
none

Costa Rica
legal dispute over navigational rights of Rio San Juan on
the border with Nicaragua remains unsolved

Cote d'Ivoire
continuing rebel fighting extends to neighboring
states and has kept out foreign workers from nearby countries; the
Ivorian Government accuses Burkina Faso and Liberia of supporting
Ivorian rebels

Croatia
discussions continue with Bosnia and Herzegovina over
disputed territory around Kostajnica on the Una River and villages
at the base of Mount Pljesevica; the Croatia-Slovenia land and
maritime boundary agreement, which would have ceded most of Pirin
Bay and maritime access to Slovenia and several villages to Croatia,
remains controversial, has not been ratified, and has been
complicated by Croatia's declaration of an ecological-fisheries zone
in the Adriatic Sea

Cuba
US Naval Base at Guantanamo Bay is leased to US and only mutual
agreement or US abandonment of the area can terminate the lease

Cyprus
hostilities in 1974 divided the island into two de facto
autonomous areas, a Greek Cypriot area controlled by the
internationally recognized Cypriot Government and a Turkish Cypriot
area, separated by a UN buffer zone; March 2003 reunification talks
failed, but Turkish Cypriots later opened their borders to temporary
visits by Greek Cypriots

Czech Republic
Liechtenstein's royal family claims restitution for
1,600 sq km of land in the Czech Republic confiscated in 1918;
individual Sudeten Germans seek restitution for property confiscated
in connection with their expulsion after World War II; Austria has
minor dispute with Czech Republic over the Temelin Nuclear Power
Plant

Denmark
Rockall continental shelf dispute involving Denmark,
Iceland, and the UK (Ireland and the UK have signed a boundary
agreement in the Rockall area) remains dormant; dispute with Iceland
over the Faroe Islands' fisheries median line boundary within 200
nm; disputes with Iceland, the UK, and Ireland over the Faroe
Islands continental shelf boundary outside 200 nm; Faroese continue
to study proposals for full independence; uncontested dispute with
Canada over Hans Island sovereignty in the Kennedy Channel between
Ellesmere Island and Greenland

Djibouti
Djibouti maintains economic ties and border accords with
"Somaliland" leadership while maintaining some political ties to
various factions in Somalia including the Somali Transitional
National Government in Mogadishu

Dominica
joins other Caribbean states to counter Venezuela's claim
that Aves Island sustains human habitation, a criterion under
UNCLOS, which permits Venezuela to extend its EEZ/continental shelf
over a large portion of the Caribbean Sea

Dominican Republic
despite efforts to control illegal migration,
destitute Haitians fleeing poverty and violence continue to cross
into the Dominican Republic; illegal migration of Dominicans and
other nationals across the Mona Passage to Puerto Rico has increased
in the last year

East Timor
East Timor-Indonesia Boundary Committee continues to
meet, survey, and delimit the land boundary, but several sections of
the boundary especially around the Oekussi enclave remain
unresolved; Indonesia and East Timor contest the sovereignty of the
uninhabited coral island of Palau Batek/Fatu Sinai, which may delay
decision on the northern maritime boundaries; numbers of East Timor
refugees in Indonesia refuse repatriation; East Timor and Australia
continue to disagree over the delimitation of a permanent maritime
boundary and over the sharing of petroleum resources that fall
outside the Joint Petroleum Development Area covered by the 2002
Timor Sea Treaty

Ecuador
the continuing civil disorder in Colombia has created a
serious refugee crisis in neighboring states, especially Ecuador

Egypt
Egypt and Sudan retain claims to administer the triangular
areas that extend north and south of the 1899 Treaty boundary along
the 22nd Parallel, but have withdrawn their military presence; Egypt
is economically developing and effectively administers the "Hala'ib
Triangle" north of the Treaty line

El Salvador
in 1992, the ICJ ruled on the delimitation of "bolsones"
(disputed areas) along the El Salvador-Honduras boundary, and the
OAS is assisting with a technical resolution of undemarcated
bolsones; in 2003, the ICJ rejected El Salvador's request to revise
its decision on one part of the bolsones; the 1992 ICJ ruling
advised a tripartite resolution to a maritime boundary in the Gulf
of Fonseca with consideration of Honduran access to the Pacific; El
Salvador continues to claim tiny Conejo Island, not mentioned by the
ICJ, off Honduras in the Gulf de Fonseca

Equatorial Guinea
in 2002, ICJ ruled on an equidistance settlement
of Cameroon-Equatorial Guinea-Nigeria maritime boundary in the Gulf
of Guinea, but a dispute between Equatorial Guinea and Cameroon over
an island at the mouth of the Ntem River, imprecisely defined
coordinates in the ICJ decision, and the unresolved Bakasi
allocation contribute to the delay in implementation; creation of a
maritime boundary in hydrocarbon-rich Corisco Bay with Gabon is
hampered by dispute over Mbane Island, administered and occupied by
Gabon since the 1970s

Eritrea
Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by 2002
Ethiopia-Eritrea Border Commission's (EEBC) delimitation decision,
but demarcation has been delayed, despite intense international
intervention, by Ethiopian insistence that the decision ignored
"human geography," made technical errors in the delimitation, and
incorrectly awarded Badme, the focus of the 1998-2000 war, and other
areas to Eritrea and Eritrea's insistence on not deviating from the
commission's decision; UN Peacekeeping Mission to Ethiopia and
Eritrea (UNMEE) continues to monitor a 25km-wide Temporary Security
Zone in Eritrea until the demarcation; Sudan accuses Eritrea of
supporting Sudanese rebel groups; Eritrea protests Yemeni fishing
around the Hanish Islands awarded to Eritrea by the ICJ in 1999

Estonia
Russia continues to reject signing and ratifying the joint
December 1996 technical border agreement with Estonia

Ethiopia
Eritrea and Ethiopia agreed to abide by the 2002
independent boundary commission's delimitation decision, but
demarcation has been delayed, despite intense international
intervention, by Ethiopian insistence that the decision ignored
"human geography," made technical errors in the delimitation, and
incorrectly awarded Badme - the focus of the 1998-2000 war - and
other areas to Eritrea and Eritrea's insistence on not deviating
from the commission's decision; Ethiopia maintains only an
administrative line and no international border with the Oromo
region of southern Somalia and maintains alliances with local clans
in opposition to the Transitional National Government, which lost
its mandate in August 2003, in Mogadishu; "Somaliland" secessionists
provide port facilities and trade ties to landlocked Ethiopia;
efforts to demarcate the porous boundary with Sudan have been
delayed by civil war

Europa Island
claimed by Madagascar

Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas)
claimed by Argentina whose forces
briefly occupied it in 1982, but now declares it will no longer seek
settlement by force; UK continues to reject Argentine requests for
sovereignty talks

Faroe Islands
Faroese are considering proposals for full
independence; Denmark dispute with Iceland over the Faroe Islands
fisheries median line boundary of 200 nm; Denmark disputes with
Iceland, the UK, and Ireland the Faroe Islands claim extending its
continental shelf boundary beyond 200 nm

Fiji
none

Finland
none

France
Madagascar claims Bassas da India, Europa Island, Glorioso
Islands, and Juan de Nova Island; Comoros claims Mayotte; Mauritius
claims Tromelin Island; territorial dispute between Suriname and
French Guiana; territorial claim in Antarctica (Adelie Land);
Matthew and Hunter Islands, east of New Caledonia, claimed by France
and Vanuatu

French Guiana
Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and
Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa)

French Polynesia
none

French Southern and Antarctic Lands
French claim to "Adelie Land" in
Antarctica is not recognized by the US

Gabon
creation of a maritime boundary in hydrocarbon-rich Corisco
Bay with Equatorial Guinea is hampered by dispute over Mbane Island,
administered and occupied by Gabon since the 1970s

Gambia, The
attempts to stem refugees, cross-border raids, arms
smuggling, other illegal activities, and political instability from
separatist movement in southern Senegal's Casamance region

Gaza Strip
West Bank and Gaza Strip are Israeli-occupied with
current status subject to the Israeli-Palestinian Interim Agreement
- permanent status to be determined through further negotiation

Georgia
about a third of the boundary with Russia remains
undelimited, and none of it demarcated, with several small,
strategic segments remaining in dispute; OSCE observers monitor
volatile areas such as the Pankisi Gorge in the Akhmeti region and
the Argun Gorge in Abkhazia; Meshkheti Turks scattered throughout
the former Soviet Union seek to return to Georgia; boundary with
Armenia remains undemarcated; ethnic Armenian groups in Javakheti
region of Georgia seek greater autonomy from the Georgian
government; Azerbaijan protests Georgian construction at the Red
Bridge crossing and several other small segments of boundary, which
remain unresolved until delimitation

Germany
none

Ghana
Ghana must still deal with refugees and returning nationals
escaping rebel fighting in Cote d'Ivoire

Gibraltar
since Gibraltar residents voted overwhelmingly by
referendum in 2003 against a "total shared sovereignty" arrangement,
talks between the UK and Spain over the fate of the 300-year-old UK
colony have stalled; Spain disapproves of UK plans to grant
Gibraltar greater autonomy

Glorioso Islands
claimed by Madagascar

Greece
Greece and Turkey have resumed discussions to resolve their
complex maritime, air, territorial, and boundary disputes in the
Aegean Sea; Cyprus question with Turkey; dispute with the Republic
of Macedonia over its name

Greenland
uncontested dispute between Canada and Denmark over Hans
Island in the Kennedy Channel between Canada's Ellesmere Island and
Greenland

Grenada
none

Guadeloupe
none

Guam
none

Guatemala
Guatemalan squatters continue to settle in Belize border
region; OAS brokered Differendum in 2002 creating small adjustment
to land boundary, large Guatemalan maritime corridor in Caribbean,
joint ecological park for disputed Sapodilla Cays, and substantial
US-UK financial package, but agreement was not brought to popular
referendum leaving Guatemala to continue to claim the southern half
of Belize intact; numbers of Guatemalans enter Mexico seeking work
or transit to the US

Guernsey
none

Guinea
domestic fighting among disparate rebel groups in Guinea,
domestic fighting among disparate rebel groups, warlords, and youth
gangs in Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone have created
insurgencies, street violence, looting, arms trafficking, ethnic
conflicts skirmishes, deaths, and refugees in border areas; in 2003,
Guinea and Sierra Leone established a boundary commission to resolve
a dispute over the town of Yenga

Guinea-Bissau
attempts to stem refugees and cross-border raids, arms
smuggling, and political instability from a separatist movement in
Senegal's Casamance region

Guyana
all of the area west of the Essequibo (river) is claimed by
Venezuela preventing any discussion of a maritime boundary; Guyana
has expressed its intention to join Barbados in asserting claims
before UNCLOS that Trinidad and Tobago's maritime boundary with
Venezuela extends into their waters; Suriname claims a triangle of
land between the New and Kutari/Koetari rivers in a historic dispute
over the headwaters of the Courantyne; Guyana seeks UNCLOS
arbitration to resolve the long-standing dispute with Suriname over
the axis of the territorial sea boundary in potentially oil-rich
waters

Haiti
despite efforts to control illegal migration, Haitians fleeing
economic privation and civil unrest continue to cross into Dominican
Republic and to sail to neighboring countries; Haiti claims
US-administered Navassa Island

Heard Island and McDonald Islands
none

Holy See (Vatican City)
none