Chapter XXIX: Sainte-Foy (5)

S------, Miss Sylvia, I. 188. Sabbath, the, observance of, I. 240, 295, 296. Sabrevois, I. 486. Sackett's Harbor, former name of, I. 408. Sacs, the, I. 130, 486-489. Saint-Andrew, II. 126. Saint-Ange, I. 83. St. Augustin, II. 307, 314, 336, 342. Saint-Blin, II. 37 note. St. Charles River, the, II. 21, 200, 201, 285, 289, 300, 302, 307, 314, 348, 436; the French camp, II. 208, 209. St.-Denis, Ruisseau, II. 287. Saint Florentine, Marquis de, I. 15. St. Francis, the mission of, I. 209, 371, 480, 485, II. 251, 321; Jesuit influence, II. 144; the Abenakis attacked by Rogers, II. 251, 253-258 note. St. Francis River, the, II. 254. "St. François," brig, I. 115. St. George, I. 470, II. 75, 355. St. Germain, I. 14. St. Helen, Island of, I. 458, II. 375. Saint-Ignace, Mére Aimable Dubé de, II. 442. St. James, I. 30. St. Jean, Isle, I. 98, 107, 109, 110, 235, 281, II. 74, 75, 78. St. Jean River, the, I. 115, 241-253, 282, 283, II. 78, 368, 385. St. Joachim burned by order of Wolfe, II. 261. St. John, city, I. 428, II. 301, 367, 368. St. John, Fort, I. 24, 453; abandoned by the French, II. 368. Saint John's taken by the French, and retaken by the English, II. 402. Saint Joseph River, the, I. 40. Saint-Julien, Lieutenant-Colonel de, the defence of Louisbourg, II. 59. St.-Laurent, visit of Knox to the church of, II. 207, 208. St. Lawrence, Gulf of, I. 39, 115, 123, II. 79, 80, 384; islands in, ceded to Great Britain, II. 405. St. Lawrence River, the, I. 3, 4, 20, 22, 38, 65, 68, 123, 124, 365, 453, II. 8, 79, 172, 175, 176, 179, 182, 192-195, 249-253, 368; rapids of, II. 178, 242, 370, 371; measures of defence taken during the siege of Quebec, II. 200, 201, 204, 208-213, 219, 289, 304; danger in passing through the Traverse, II. 204-206; steepness of the banks, II. 228; action of the fleet of Holmes, II. 278-285; expedition of Lévis, II. 341; humanity rewarded, II. 343, 344; arrival of the "Lowestoffe," II. 355; the river blockaded, II. 360; islands ceded to Great Britain, II. 405. St. Louis, I. 37, II. 28. St. Louis, the cross of the Order of, II. 174, 426. St. Louis, site of, I. 41. St. Louis, Lake, II. 371. St. Lucia, II. 401, 405. St. Malo, II. 33, 47. St. Michael, II. 267. St. Nicolas, II. 279, 280. Saint-Ours, I. 491. Saint-Ours, Madame de, I. 458. St. Patrick's Day, I. 446; at Fort Cumberland, II. 182. St. Paul, village sacked and burned, II. 261. St. Paul's Church, II. 76, 398. St. Phillippe, a French hamlet, I. 41. Saint-Pierre, Legardeur de, I. 129, 143, 144; journey of exploration made by, I. 130-138; letter from Governor Dinwiddie introducing Washington, I. 132, 133-135; his dealings with Washington, I. 134, 135, 138; leads the Indians in the expedition of Dieskau, I. 297; his death, I. 303. St. Pierre Island, given to France, II. 405. St. Roch, II. 222, 300, 311, 344. St. Sacrament, Lac, name of, changed to Lake George, I. 315. St.-Servan, capture of, II. 47. Saint-Véran, Madame de, the mother of Montcalm, I. 356, 359; letters from her son quoted, I. 360-362, 372, 373, 454, 457, II. 112 note, 164, 174, 176. St. Vincent, II. 401, 405. St. Yotoc, I. 48. Sainte Anna-de-la-Pérade, II. 19. Sainte-Claude, Mère de, II. 331. Sainte-Foy, II. 306, 327-358, 381; Quebec after the siege, II. 321-333; occupied by the English, II. 335, 342; expedition of Lévis against Quebec, II. 342-358, 442, 444. Sainte-Marie, Fort, garrison at, I. 75. Sainte-Thérèse, II. 366. Samos, post of, II. 276, 288, 291. Sander. See Lauder. Saratoga, I. 387, 401, 452; the fort burned, I. 174. Sardanapalus, II. 44. Sardinia, I. 19. Saul, George, commissary of supplies, I. 278, 279. Saunders, Admiral, II. 192; aids Wolfe in the reduction of Quebec, II. 192, 194 note, 268, 272-274, 282, 290; his fleet sails for England, II. 317. "Sauvage," the, ship, I. 363. Saxe, Marshall, I. 12, 180, 182, 310; his death, I. 10, 181. Saxony, I. 10, II. 38; joins the league against Prussia, I. 355. Saxony, Elector of, the, I. 10. Scarroyaddy, Indian chief, I. 204. Schenectady, village of, I. 321, 322, II. 7, 86. Schuyler, General, I. 319, II. 98, 126, 127; action between Bradstreet and Villiers, I. 394-396. Schuyler, Mrs., I. 319; her affection for Lord Howe, II. 91, 98. Schuyler, Pedrom, II. 98. Schuyler family, the, I. 32, 33. Scioto, town of, I. 48, 49. Scioto River, the, I. 55. Scipio, I. 420. Scotch, the, in Pennsylvania, I. 31, 339. Scotland, II. 49, 185. Scott, Lieutenant-Colonel George, I. 246; the siege of Beauséjour, I. 249-253; his gallant action, II. 60. Scurvy, I. 131, II. 339, 352. Ségur, Count, quotation from, I. 16. Seneca, Lake, I. 54. Senecas, the, I. 44; visited by Bienville, I. 44, 45; efforts of the French to convert, I. 65, 70, 71, 171; their alliances, II. 142-144. Senegal, II. 47, 400, 406. Senezergues, mortally wounded, II. 303. Seven Years War, the, I. 3, 4, II. 38, 39, 405-407, 409; deportment of British officers, II. 119. Seventy-eighth Regiment, the, at Quebec, II. 298 note. Sewell, Colonel Matthew, I. 310; letter to Holdernesse quoted, I. 310. Sharpe, Governor of Maryland, I. 191, 201, 202; council of governors held with Braddock, I. 191-195. Shawanoes, the, I. 40, 45, 46, 48, 57, 130, 209, 391, 392; their attitude towards the English, I. 59, 203, 329, 343, 344, II. 150, 151; present at a convention of Indians, II. 142, 143. Shebbeare, Dr., I. 196 note, 197 note. Shepherd, Captain, I. 434; his capture and escape, I. 434, 435. Sheppard, Jack, I. 7. Sherbrooke, II. 258 note. Shingas, Indian chief, II. 145. Ship, sign of the, a tavern, I. 227. Ship-building, I. 72, 73. Shippensburg, II. 136, 142. Shirley, Captain John, son of Governor Shirley, I. 323, 326; extracts from his letter to Governor Morris, I. 323, 324; a victim of the war, I. 324 note; his popularity, I. 324 note. Shirley, William, Governor of Massachusetts, I. 123, 168; tries to repel the French invasions, I. 141, 170, 171, 192, 234; his dealing with the Assembly of Massachusetts, I. 168, 169, 241, 285 note; council held with Braddock, I. 191-195; his French wife, I. 192; defends taxation by Parliament, I. 193; his troops, I. 194, 246, 320, 326, II. 380; the decisions of the council at Albany, I. 194, 195; leads the expedition against Niagara and Fort Frontenac, I. 194-196, 318-329, 374, II. 127; desires Mackellar to draw plans for Braddock's expedition, I. 221 note; his view of Dunbar's conduct, I. 233 note; becomes commander-in-chief of the troops in America, I. 233, 245, 328; his correspondence with Governor Lawrence quoted, I. 239; his plan with regard to expelling the French from Nova Scotia, I. 234, 239-241, 245-247, 257; the expedition sent against Crown Point, I. 285-317; his campaigns boldly planned, I. 318; border warfare, I. 318-350; at Fort Oswego, I. 322-324; loss of his sons, I. 323, 324 note; councils of war called, I. 325, 326; the Niagara expedition abandoned, I. 326, 381; his quarrels with Johnson and with Delancey, I. 327, 328; letters from Governor Morris quoted, I. 340, 343; plans for a new campaign, I. 381, 382, 393, 447; renews his expedition against Niagara, and Frontenac, I. 381-383, 393; recalled from command, I. 383, 399, 400, 420; a cabal formed against, I. 383; his zeal and courage, I. 384, 400; his boatmen placed under Bradstreet, I. 393, 405; sends men to defend Oswego, I. 393-398, 405, 413 note, 420; interview with Loudon, I. 399; Oswego seized by the French, I. 407-416; vindicates himself, I. 413 note, 420, 420 note; causes leading to his failure, I. 417, 418; Loudon prejudiced against, I. 420, 468; sails for England, I. 421; made governor of the Bahamas, I. 421; the opinion of Franklin concerning, I. 421; succeeded by Governor Pownall, II. 84. Shirley, William, son of the governor, secretary of Braddock, I. 187, 188, 191; letter quoted concerning Braddock's expedition, I. 201, 202; shot through the head, I. 219, 229, 323; letter to Governor Morris quoted, I. 323. Shirley, Fort, I. 423. Short, Richard, drawings of Quebec after the siege, II. 327 note. Shubenacadie River, the, I. 113. Shute, John, I. 444. Silesia, I. 19, 353, 345, II. 40, 388. Silhouette, I. 122, 123. Sillery, II. 215, 274, 276, 288, 333, 344, 346, 347, 444. Sinclair, Sir John, quartermaster-general, I. 198, II. 133, 137; in Braddock's expedition, I. 214; wounded in the battle of the Monongahela, I. 219, 227; despatch sent from General Forbes, II. 137; his peculiarities, II. 138, 139; his dealings with Lieutenant-Colonel Stephen, II. 138, 139. Small-pox, the, I. 83. Smith, Colonel James, I. 211; cruelties practised by the Indians upon, I. 209, 210; his statement concerning the defeat of Braddock's army, I. 221-223. Smith, John, I. 227. Smith, William, his remark concerning the provincial army, I. 292. Smith, William, a Rhode Island soldier, his bravery, II. 108. Smollett, I. 6, 159, 178. Smyth, and English traveller, I. 164 note. "Siren," the, I. 247. "Sirène," the ship, I. 363. Six Nations, the, I. 57; desire to remain neutral, I. 390. See Five Nations. Sodus Bay, I. 72. Sorel, II. 364, 365. Soubise, I. 10. South Bay, I. 295, 296, 298, 301, 313, 388, 435, 496, II. 121, 241. South Carolina, I. 33, 139, 151, 152, 176; commissioners sent to meet the Indians at Albany, I. 61; extent of British frontier, II. 381. Spain, I. 9, 19, II. 49, 395; succession of Carlos III., II. 396; the Family Compact, II. 396, 397; change of rulers, II. 396, 399; influence of Pitt, II. 400, 401; expedition of Pococke, II. 401, 402; receives Havana from England, II. 405; the peace of Paris, II. 405, 406; acquisitions in America, II. 406, 413; sinking into decay, II. 411. Speakman, Captain, despatches sent to Winslow, I. 276. Spikeman, Captain, one of Rogers' scouting-party, I. 441; adventures of the expedition, I. 441-445. Spithead, embarkation of Wolfe, II. 192. Split, Cape, I. 268. Spruce-beer, I. 259, II. 236, 237, 354. Stanhope, Earl, II. 194 note. Stanley, his sketch of the Duc de Choiseul, II. 393, 394; at Versailles, II. 395. Stanley, Dean, II. 433. Stanwix, Brigadier, new fort to be erected at the Great Carrying Place, II. 129; builds Fort Pitt, II. 159; to relieve Pittsburg, II. 236; Pittsburg endangered, II. 244. Stanwix, Fort, II. 242. Stark, John, I. 432, 446; his celebrity, I. 291; in the expedition against Crown Point, I. 291; adventures in a scouting-party of Rogers, I. 441-445; wounded, I. 451 note; serves under Abercromby, II. 94. Stephen, Adam, matters pertaining to Washington and Jumonville, I. 151 note, II. 422; trouble with Sir J. Sinclair, II. 138, 139; sent to succor Rogers, II. 256, 257. Sterne, I. 6. Stevens, the Indian interpreter, I. 288; escapes from Quebec, II. 278. Stewart, Captain, I. 220. Still, Isaac, II. 149, 150. Stillwater, I. 387, 452. Stirling, II. 185. Stobo, Major Robert, I. 159, II. 277; detained at Quebec as a hostage, II. 277; his escape, II. 277, 278; gives Wolfe the result of his knowledge of Quebec, II. 277, 278; his memoirs, II. 278 note. Stockbridge, II. 256. Stone, William L., I. 316 note, II. 237 note. Stuarts, the, I. 6, II. 49, 392. "Success," the, I. 247. Suffield, I. 402. Sugar-trade, the, II. 403. Sulpitian priests, the, I. 38, 52, 66, 458, II. 144. Superior, Lake, I. 75, 372, 486. Susquehanna River, the, I. 342, 343, 391, II. 143. "Sutherland," the, II. 224, 280, 284. Sweden joins the league against Prussia, I. 355; the Seven Years War, II. 38, 39; peace with Prussia, II. 399. Swedes in Pennsylvania, I. 31. Sydney, II. 78.

T.

Tadoussac, I. 126 note. Talon du Boulay, Angélique Louise, I. 358. Tantemar, I. 120, 241, 254, 255, II. 181. Tassé, citation from, I. 67 note. Tatten, Captain, I. 227. Taxation, I. 171, 193, 337, 338, 344-347, II. 392, 402, 413. Teedyuscung, Indian chief, II. 143. Temple, Lord, II. 194 note, 397. Thames River, the, II. 206. Thirty-fifth Regiment, the, II. 298 note. Thomas, Surgeon John, his diary quoted, I. 250. Thompson, James, II. 351; diary of, II. 439. Thousand Islands, the, I. 68, II. 369. Three Rivers, I. 485, 486, II. 20, 264, 312, 341, 360, 363; census of, II. 178. Ticonderoga, I. 350, 453, II. 2, 16 note, 83, 102, 119, 162, 166, 180, 212, 292; camp at, I. 373; advance of Dieskau, I. 297-299; occupied by the French, I. 313, 314; attempt against, I. 374; held by the French, I. 374, 376, 390, 415, 442; it importance and position, I. 377, 378, 427, 428, 477, II. 99, 100; plans of the English to capture, I. 381, 382, 387-389, 399, 405, 406, 447; war-parties sent out from, I. 429-431; exploits of Rogers' rangers, I. 433-437, 441-445, II. 11-16; a small party left in charge, I. 439, 448; preparations to attack Fort William Henry, I. 477; held by Montcalm's forces, I. 490, 491; expedition against, led by General Abercromby, II. 86-113 note; the battle and Montcalm's victory, II. 104-113 note; 128, 164, 431-436; war-parties sent from, by the French, II. 121-124; Putnam carried to, II. 126; question of renewing the attack upon, by the English, II. 129, 130, 197; Bourlamaque established at, II. 195; approach of Amherst, II. 210, 222; captured by the English, II. 235-240; blown up by the French, II. 239, 265; the legend of Inverawe, II. 433-436. Titcomb, Colonel Moses, I. 290; his service at Louisbourg, I. 290; the battle at Lake George, I. 307. Tobacco, I. 30, 33. Tobago Island, to belong to England, II. 405. Tomahawk Camp, II. 161. Tongue Mountain, I. 491. Tories, the, I. 6, 392, 398. Toronto, I. 83; trading-house at, I. 70, 72. Toronto, Fort, I. 69, 70; plan of capture by the English, I. 381. Toulon, II. 49, 50. Touraine, I. 76. Tourmente, Cape, II. 204, 206, 261. Tournois, Father, I. 64, 65; his illegal trade, I. 65 note. Townshend Captain, his efforts to assist the German settlement, II. 7; his death, II. 239. Townshend, Charles, secretary of war, I. 8, II. 393. Townshend, George, his character, II. 193; serves under Wolfe at the siege of Quebec, II. 193, 216, 217, 266, 267, 274, 289, 290, 294, 298 note, 314; succeeds Monckton in command, II. 304; note sent from the dying Montcalm, II. 308, 309; the terms of capitulation for Quebec, II. 315, 316; returns to England, II. 317. Tracy, Lieutenant, II. 123. Trading-posts, I. 25, 70, 87, 192, 193; at Will's Creek, I. 59, 132, 142, 199, 200. Trent, William, I. 42, 138, 342; at Pickawillany, I. 85 note; in Washington's expedition to the West, I. 138; his band of backwoodsmen, I. 142, 145; sufferings of the people, I. 342. Trepezec, II. 94, 95. Troupes de terre, I. 368, 369. Trout Brook, II. 12, 94-96. Truro, I. 94. Tulpehocken, settlement destroyed by the Indians, I. 347. Turenne, I. 10. Turkey Creek, II. 158. Turner, Lieutenant, II. 255; attacked by the French, II. 256. Turpin, Dick, I. 7. Turtle, the, clan of, I. 476. Turtle Creek, I. 207. Tuscaroras join the Five Nations, I. 63. Twenty-eighth Regiment, the, II. 298 note. Two Mountains, the, I. 372. Two Mountains, Lake of the, I. 154, 474, 475, 485, 486. Two Mountains, mission of, I. 65 note; ceremony in the Mission Church of, I. 476 note. Tyburn, I. 7. Tyrrell, name applied to Thomas Pichon, I. 243 note.

U.

Ulster, I. 31. United States, the, I. 48, 193; her growth and opportunities, I. 4, II. 408, 411, 413, 414. Upton, Mrs., I. 189. Ursuline Convent, the, II. 309. Ursulines, the, I. 282, II. 208, 222, 309, 442; at the General Hospital, II. 265; matters pertaining to the burial of Montcalm, II. 317, 441, 442. Utrecht, the treaty of, I. 43, 79, 90-92, 94, 123-127, 236-238.

V.

Valtry, M. de, I. 74. Vanbraam, I. 135; interpreter for Washington, I. 133, 158; matters pertaining to the alleged assassination of Jumonville, I. 158, 159, II. 421-423. "Vanguard," the, II. 356. Vannes, the siege at Beauséjour, I. 249, 251. Van Renselaer, I. 32. Varin, naval commissary, II. 20; number of French in the fight at Great Meadows, I. 160 note; official knavery, II. 29, 30, 385. Varin, Madame, I. 457, II. 428. Vaudreuil, Madame de, joins in the quarrel of her husband with Montcalm, II. 168. Vaudreuil, Phillippe de, early governor of Canada, I. 366. Vaudreuil, Pierre François Rigaud, Marquis de, governor of New France, I. 182, 288, 289; his estimate concerning the population of Canada, I. 20 note; his friendship for Vergor, I. 253, II. 278; his traits of character, and his double-dealing, I. 366-368, 376, 388 note, 445, 460-466, II. 7, 20-31, 154 note, 167, 169-171, 173, 196-199, 258 note, 307, 319, 322, 376; life at Montreal, I. 366, 455, 456, II. 8-10, 18-22, 339; his relations with Montcalm, I. 366-368, 377, 456, 460, 462-466, II. 3, 8-10, 35, 36, 164-169, 173, 175, 179, 180, 202, 203, 292, 293, 300, 301, 315-323; his plans for defence, I. 374, 376; induces the Indians to fight against the English, I. 392, 437, 438, 467, II. 4, 5, 262; party sent to cut off the supplies from Oswego, I. 393, 394; at Fort Frontenac, I. 407, 408; the French victorious at Oswego, I. 413; despatches sent to Versailles, I. 427; war-party sent to reduce Fort William Henry, I. 447-451; his choice of Rigaud for commander, I. 458, 459; detractions made in regard to the French regulars, I. 461-463; calls for troops, I. 467, 468 the attack on Fort William Henry planned, I. 472, 514 note (see William Henry, Fort); animus of Loudon towards, II. 1, 2; the affair at German Flats, II. 6, 7; his relations with Bigot, II. 17, 18, 323; his official corruption, II. 20-31, 171, 319; receives ministerial rebukes, II. 32-35; his plans in regard to Ticonderoga, II. 86, 87, 164, 165; provides for the defence of Fort Duquesne, II. 141, 142; extracts from his letters to the colonial minister, II. 141, 142, 172-175; letters blaming Montcalm, II. 164-166, 172, 173; the loyalty of the Canadians, II. 169; appeal made at court, for aid for Canada, II. 171-173; receives the grand cross of the Order of St. Louis, II. 174; a census of Canada made, II. 178; ordered to defer to Montcalm, II. 179, 180; circular letter issued by, II. 195, 196; the siege and reduction of Quebec, II. 195-233, 259-325, 325 note, 326 note, 437; measures taken by, in the defence of Quebec, II. 198-203, 206, 209, 218, 222, 264, 265, 274, 276, 287, 291, 292, 301, 302; his friendship for Cadet, II. 199, 323; tries to burn the English fleet, II. 210-212, 227; proclamations of Wolfe, II. 213, 214, 223, 225, 226, 261, 262; councils of war held, I. 218, 219, 305; his delight over the English disaster at Montmorenci, II. 233; the siege of Niagara by the English, II. 235, 243-249; his orders to Bourlamaque, II. 238, 239; the final battle and the death of Montcalm, II. 292-297, 308-310; the question of capitulation discussed at Quebec, II. 303-307; orders a retreat, II. 307; his flight, II. 308, 310; summons Lévis to his assistance, II. 312; steps taken to repair his errors, II. 312-314; Quebec surrenders, II. 314-316; defames Ramesay, II. 318; his correspondence, II. 322, 325 note, 438; his hope of retaking Quebec through the expedition of Lévis, II. 340-358; his spirit, and chances of success, II. 361, 362, 366, 367, 376; his proclamation to the Canadians, II. 366; orders given to Bougainville, II. 367, 368; the English encamp near Montreal, II. 372; the articles of capitulation for Montreal drawn up and signed, II. 372-374; repairs to France, II. 375, 376, 384; reproved for his action at Montreal, II. 375, 376; imprisoned and tried, II. 385, 386; acquitted, II. 386; matters relating to Dumas and Ligneris, II. 423, 424. Vaudreuil, Rigaud de. See Rigaud. Vauquelin, his bravery at Louisbourg, II. 63, 341; attacked by the English, II. 356, 357. Vauvert, I. 366. Venango, I. 133, 135, 423, II. 159-161, 244; the fort burned, II. 247. Vendôme, I. 10. Verchères, M. de, I. 74. Vergor, Duchambon de, commandant at Beauséjour, I. 239-242; sustains Le Loutre, I. 242-244; letter from Bigot advising official corruption, I. 242; the siege of Beauséjour, I. 247-253; capitulation of the fort, I. 251; tried and acquitted, I. 253, II. 278; his command on the Heights of Abraham, II. 276-278; chances of success for Wolfe in his last venture, II. 278, 284, 285; shot in the heel, II. 287. Vermont, I. 290; new road made across, II. 241. Vernet, I. 12. Verreau, Abbé H., II. 37 note, 326 note. Versailles, I. 11, 12, 80, 81, 87, 96, 101, 111, 180, 182, 253, 361, 474, II. 32, 354, 395; corruption at court, II. 44; arrival of the envoys from Canada, II. 174. Verte, Baye, I. 252-255. Vicars, Captain John, I. 375 note, 398 note; at Albany, I. 397. Viger, Hon. D. B., II. 438. Viger, Jacques, II. 418. Villars, I. 10. Villejoin, I. 458. Villeray, commandant at Fort Gaspereau, I. 253; surrenders to the English, I. 253; brought to trial, I. 253. Villiers, Coulon de, sent to Fort Duquesne, I. 153; the fight at Great Meadows, I. 153-155, 157-161, II. 421-423; the fight with Bradstreet's boatmen, I. 393-396; condition of his camp, I. 402; encamped at Niaouré Bay, I. 408; taken prisoner, II. 248. Vincennes, I. 83. Vincent, Earl St., II. 284. Virginia, I. 68, 69, 142, 163, 181, 182, 382, 423; manners, customs, and other matters of interest, pertaining to, I. 29-35, 42, 60, 86, 164 note, 165, 196, II. 22; questions of boundary, I. 37, 53, 61, 174; unpopularity of Lord Albemarle, I. 136, 137; the settlers need protection from the Indians, I. 139, 140, 329-333, 336, 343, 365, 380, 422, II. 131, 132; meeting of the Assembly with Dinwiddie, I. 164, 165; enlistments in and preparations for Braddock's campaign, I. 196, 200; disposal of the Acadians, I. 283; fears of a slave insurrection, I. 331; condition of its forts, I. 422, 422 note; roads to Ohio, II. 133. See Assembly of Virginia. Virginia regiment, the, commanded by George Washington, I. 132, 142, 151; distress of their marches, and difficulties of the service, I. 153, 156-159, 163, 216, 217; the troops praised by Braddock and by Washington, I. 226, 230. Virginians, the, their service in the army, and merited commendation, I. 152, 159, 200, 226, 230, II. 133, 138, 152, 160. Vitré, Denis de, pilots the English fleet, II. 203. Voltaire, I. 1, 16, 22; letter from Frederic II., II. 388. Voyageurs, I. 20 note.

W.

Wabash River, the, I. 40, 56, 83. Waggoner, Captain, I. 217, 331. Walker, Admiral, his fleet wrecked, II. 203. Walpole, Horace, I. 7; his opinion of Edward Cornwallis, I. 93, 110; remark and anecdote concerning the Duke of Newcastle, I. 177, 178; observation concerning Mirepoix, I. 180; sketch of General Braddock, I. 188, 189, 191, 198; remark concerning George Townshend, II. 193; letters concerning Wolfe and Quebec, II. 323, 324, 358; recounts the death of George II., II. 390, 391; his writing concerns Pitt, II. 406, 407. War-songs, I. 474, 476, 481. Ward, Ensign, attacked by the French, and surrenders, I. 143. Warde, George, II. 190. Warren, Sir Peter, Admiral, I. 287. Washington, George, I. 53; sequence of events dating from the time of his youth, I. 1; enters upon his career, I. 132; adjutant-general of the Virginia militia, I. 132, 142, 151, 330; his embassy to Fort Le Bœuf, with letter of introduction to Saint-Pierre, I. 132-136, 297; his adventure at Murdering Town, I. 136; the site of Pittsburg examined by, I. 142; the battle at Great Meadows, and the alleged assassination of Jumonville, I. 145-162, II. 421-423; his traits of character, I. 146, 147, 150, 213, 219, 331-334; at Fort Necessity, I. 156; the capitulation drawn up by Villiers, I. 158, 159; retreat from Fort Necessity, I. 160, 161; opinion of, expressed by Half-King, I. 160 note; the Fourth of July, I. 161; quoted concerning Braddock, I. 201; serves as aide-de-camp to Braddock in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, I. 202, 203; consultation with Braddock, I. 206; letter to his brother quoted, I. 206, 207; crosses the Monongahela, I. 212, 213; battle of the Monongahela, and retreat of the English troops, I. 214-233; letter quoted concerning the defeat, I. 220, 230; quoted concerning the suffering of the people, I. 331-333, II. 131, 132; his relations with Dinwiddie, I. 332, 333, II. 131, 132; report of the affair at Kittanning, by Dumas, I. 426, 427; his relations with General Forbes, in his expedition against Fort Duquesne, II. 134, 137, 138, 158. Waterbury, I. 428. Webb, Colonel Daniel, I. 439; resigns his position as commander-in-chief, I. 383; arrives at Albany, I. 399; sent to reinforce Oswego, I. 405, 406, 415; at Fort Edward, I. 496-498 note, II. 2-4; his correspondence with Munro, I. 496, 497; his lack of support for Munro, at Fort William Henry, I. 496, 497, 501, 502, 513 note, II. 1-3, 428, 429; his regiment at the siege of Quebec, II. 297. Wedell, General, II. 387. Weiser, Conrad, I. 66, 73, 160; letter to Governor Morris, I. 347. Weld, Chaplain, I. 404, 405 note. Wentworth, Governor, I. 510 note. Wesley, John, I. 6. West, Captain, leads a party to bury the dead, II. 159, 160. West, Benjamin, II. 159. West, the conflict for, of the French and the English, I. 2, 63-90, 132, 134, 137-141, 170, 192, 231, 232, 318, 329, 415; the forests, I. 205; French and English settlements compared, II. 146. West Indies, the, I. 10, 137, 230, 356, II. 65, 192, 401; power of England over, II. 400, 405. West Mountain, I. 300. Westminster Abbey, tablet erected to Lord Howe, II. 91. Wheeling Creek, I. 48. Whigs, the, I. 6, 179, II. 40, 392, 400. White Mountains, I. 453. White Point, II. 57. White Woman's Creek, I. 55. Whitefield, I. 6. Whitehall, I. 298, II. 121, 252. White's Chocolate-House, I. 7. Whiting, Lieutenant-Colonel, I. 302; his men fall into Dieskau's ambush, I. 302, 303. Whitmore, brigadier, serves in the expedition against Louisbourg, II. 48, 57-76; becomes the governor of Louisbourg, II. 76. Whitworth, Dr. Miles, I. 508; summons to the Acadians drawn up, I. 271, 272; present at the massacre at Fort William Henry, I. 509, 514, II. 430, 431. Wiggins, George, II. 82 note. Wilhelmina, death of, II. 389. William, Duke of Cumberland, son of George II., I. 8. William III., his accession to the throne of England, I. 5, 6. William and Mary College, I. 163. William Henry, Fort, I. 388, 452, 457, II. 88, 114; its situation, I. 316, 492; winter life of the garrison, I. 350; its condition, I. 401, 402, 493, 495; exploits of Lieutentant Kennedy and Captain Hodges, I. 428, 429; exploits of Rogers' rangers, I. 433-437, 441, 445; attacked by Vaudreuil's war-party, I. 446-451, 456-458; a new attack planned, and the expedition prepared by the French, I. 472, 474-494; besieged and conquered by the French, I. 494-513, 514 note, II. 1, 2, 5, 6, 237, 292, 320, 321, 381, 428-431; some of the garrison massacred by the Indians, I. 505-513, 514 note, II. 428-431. William Henry Hotel, I. 401. Williams, Colonel Ephraim, I. 290; origin of Williams College, I. 290; serves in the expedition against Crown Point, I. 290-311; his wounds and death, I. 302, 303, 311. Williams, Colonel Israel, II. 120 note; letters to, quoted, I. 292, 293, II. 114, 115. Williams, Josiah, I. 311. Williams, Stephen, a chaplain, I. 290; preaches to the army at Lake George, I. 295, 296. Williams, Thomas, a surgeon, serves in the expedition sent against Crown Point, I. 290-293; letters from, quoted, I. 294, 311, 316 note, 406; his account of the battle of Lake George, I. 306, 312 note; his anxiety for Oswego, I. 405, 406. Williams, Colonel William, account of the loss of Oswego, I. 406, 407; letters quoted concerning the army and the battle at Ticonderoga, II. 114, 115, 119, 120. Williams College, I. 290. Williams, Fort, I. 374, 375. Williamsburg, I. 136, 142, 163, 228, 332; society at, I. 163, 164. Will's Creek, I. 59, 139, 142-144, 151, 161; the trading-station established on, I. 132, 199, 260. Winchester, I. 141, 330. Windsor, I. 94, 268. Winnebagoes, the, I. 486. Winslow, John, I. 169, 495; his education and circumstances, I. 245, 246; his letters and journal quoted concerning the Acadians, I. 249, 250, 252, 253 note, 254, 255, 266 note, 267, 269-271, 274, 275, 277, 277 note, 278, 279; the siege of Fort Beauséjour, I. 247-253; circumstances with regard to the removal of the Acadians, I. 249-253, 266-284; relations with Captain Murray, I. 269, 275, 278; delivers the orders of George II. to the Acadians, I. 272-274; his portrait, I. 273; his quarters at Half-Moon, I. 387; letter to Colonel Fitch, I. 388; letters hastening the preparations for an attack on Ticonderoga, I. 388, 389, 405, 438; difficulty concerning the rank of provincials and regulars, I. 399, 400; his camp at Lake George, I. 401, 421, 438; his opinion of Israel Putnam, I. 428; his Letter Book cited, I. 429; prisoners brought into camp, I. 431; his sentinels killed, I. 437; ordered to remain in a defensive attitude, I. 438; his letter to Shirley concerning the failure of the campaign, I. 438, 439; his troops garrisoned in winter-quarters, I. 439; money expended on his expedition, II. 84. Wisconsin, I. 486. Wisconsin Historical Society, the, II. 426. Wolf Island, I. 409. Wolfe, Mrs., the filial devotion of her son, II. 185-190, 192; last letter from General Wolfe, II. 269, 270; mourns his loss, II. 324. Wolfe, Major-General Edward, II. 184. Wolfe, James, II. 48, 345; his opinion of Cornwallis, I. 93; serves in the expedition against Louisbourg, II. 48, 57-81; his characteristics and ill health, II. 48, 58, 78-81, 183-188, 190-192, 219, 221-225, 262, 266-270, 272, 277, 281, 288, 289, 294, 295; his age, II. 184; confidential relation existing with his mother, II. 185-190, 192, 269, 270; plans of attack at Louisbourg, II. 57, 58; the Island Battery silenced, II. 62, 63; the French ships burned, II. 66, 67, 69; the capitulation of Louisbourg, II. 71-75; ordered to disperse the French settlers, II. 80, 81; sails for England, II. 81; his opinion of Abercromby and of Lord Howe, II. 89; an expedition fitted out to serve under, II. 181-184; his rank and campaigns, II. 185, 189, 191; the Rochefort expedition, II. 189; letters to Major Wolfe and Lieutenant-Colonel Rickson, II. 190-192; his betrothed, II. 190, 284; to command the expedition against Quebec, II. 191-193; embarks for America, II. 192; authorities on his life, II. 194 note; siege and reduction of Quebec, II. 195-233, 259-299, 436-441; arrival of the fleet in the St. Lawrence, and passage of the Traverse, II. 203-206; at the Island of Orléans, II. 208; his view of the French camp, II. 208, 209; the descent of the fireships, II. 210-212, 227; seizes Point Levi, II. 213; his proclamations to the Canadians, II. 213, 214, 223, 225, 226, 260, 261; his position at Montmorenci, II. 216-220; Quebec bombarded, II. 216, 217, 228; his determination to persevere in the siege, II. 228; the disaster at Montmorenci, II. 228-233, 259, 260, 268, 269; ballads written concerning, II. 233 note; the expected aid from Amherst, II. 240, 241, 250, 272; proposes to fortify Isle-aux-Coudres, II. 260; plans of attack considered by, II. 260, 266-272; despatches sent to Pitt, II. 268-272, 323; the discovery of the path ascending the heights, II. 272, 278; his determination to climb the heights, and attack the French, II. 272-280; movements of the squadron under Holmes, II. 278-285; his last orders from the "Sutherland," II. 280, 281; statistics of his troops, II. 281, 283, 290, 298 note, 437, 438, 444; assisted by Saunders, II. 282; the pretended attack at Beauport, II. 282, 283; makes use of the French provision-boats, II. 283, 284, 286; his presentiment, II. 284; his chances of success, II. 284, 285; the ascent of the heights, II. 284-289; remark concerning Gray's Elegy, II. 285; the challenge to the boats, II. 286; his troops drawn up ready for action, II. 289-292; the charge and victory of the English, II. 295-297; his wounds, II. 296; his last words, II. 297, 297 note his death, II. 297, 317, 323, 324; his remains carried to England, II. 317; his death written upon by Walpole, II. 323, 324; the fruits of the victory, II. 325, 352, 400; remarks of the Rev. E. Forbes, II. 378; his "Instructions to Young Officers," II. 439. Wolfe, Walter, the uncle of James Wolfe, II. 190, 192; letters from his nephew quoted, II. 191-193. Wolfe's Cove, II. 278. Wood Creek, I. 295, 297, 321, 374, 388, 406, II. 121. Wooden Horse, the, I. 386. Woolsey, Colonel, II. 432, 433. Wooster, Colonel David, I. 389. Worcester, I. 404. Wraxall, I. 301 note; eulogies of Johnson, I. 316. Wright, his Life of Wolfe, II. 82 note, 194. Wright, Dr., II. 120; sickness in the army, II. 120. Wyandot, I. 54, 76. Wyandots, the, I. 40, 41, 57. Wyoming, II. 143.

Y.

Yadkin, the, I. 58. Yale College, I. 290. York, I. 7. Youghiogany river, the, I. 145, 146, II. 138. Young, Lieutenant-Colonel, I. 496; sent to Montcalm for terms of capitulation, I. 505.

Z.

Zeisberger, David, I. 55 note. Zinzendorf, Count, I. 54, 55.

Francis Parkman

France and England in North America

1. Pioneers of France in the New World (1865) Revised (1885) 2. The Jesuits in North America in the seventeenth century (1867) 3. The Discovery of the West (1869) La Salle and the Discovery of the Great West (1879) 4. The Old Régime in Canada (1874) Revised (1894) 5. Count Frontenac and New France under Louis XIV. (1877) 6. A Half Century of Conflict (1892) Volume 1 Volume 2 7. Montcalm and Wolfe (1884)

The year that each book was published is printed and enclosed by parenthesis after the title of each volume. In three cases, there are two listings for a line item. For those parts, Parkman issued a volume with major revisions subsequent to the initial release of the book.

The revised version of Pioneers of France (Part One) contains new descriptions of Florida and some changes to the section on Samuel Champlain. Parkman revised Discovery of the West (Part Three) after obtaining access to Margry's collection. The revised version of The Old Régime (Part Four) includes three new chapters regarding La Tour and D'Aunay.

Volume 3 was not only revised, but the title was altered. Parkman first released Volume 3 as The Discovery of the West. His updated version of Volume 3 was entitled La Salle and the Discovery of the Great West. Other Principal Works

• The Oregon Trail (1849) • The Conspiracy of Pontiac (1851)

Transcriber's Notes

Introduction

Welcome to Project Gutenberg's edition of Montcalm and Wolfe. While this book was the sixth part released by Francis Parkman in his seven-part series called France and England in North America, Parkman refers to this book as Part Seven. In the Preface to this book, Parkman noted that these two volumes were a departure from the chronological sequence of the series. The events of the epoch that was passed over formed the topics of A Half Century of Conflict, Part Six of this series. Parkman published both volumes of Part Six in 1892.

The author was in poor health when he began work on these volumes, and wondered if he would only be able to write one more book. He chose to tell first the story that he most ardently wished to tell.

Our version of Montcalm and Wolfe is based on the 1885 edition of this book, published by Little, Brown, and Company. This book is essentially the same book as the original work, published one year before by the same publisher. The 1884 book is of slightly better quality, but practical considerations factored into our decision to use the book available from Yale University. Future claims of errata may be consulted against the scanned pages of the 1885 book, available through Hathitrust.

The footnotes have been produced using the Project Gutenberg™ standard. Footnotes follow the paragraph in which they were mentioned. Footnotes have been set in smaller print and have larger margins than regular text. Footnotes are numbered sequentially. There are a total of 877 numbered footnotes in this book. There are also eleven end of chapter footnotes, which are in addition to the sequentially numbered footnotes.

This text generally preserved the italicization of words, phrases, and the titles of references which are presented in italics in the printed book. The standard of the book is to not use italics on numbers. For example, it is easier to write: Webb to Loudon, 1 Aug. 1757, but the book displayed the content as follows: Webb to Loudon, 1 Aug. 1757. We have tried to match that policy in this e-book. Small capitalization has also been retained.

The topics list in the Contents are supposed to match the topics list at the beginning of each chapter. The variances were most often present in the capitalization of words. There was one case of variance in punctuation, and another case where a word was changed. Our emendations in these matters made the topics list in the contents match the topics list at the beginning of each chapter. See the Detailed Notes for individual changes.

Detailed notes describe problems or issues in transcribing a specific portion of the text. Emendations are listed, and described, in the Detailed Notes, as well as other issues in transcribing the text.

You will see changed text underlined by dotted silver lines. In some versions (like the HTML version) of this document, you can hover your cursor over the changed text and see details in a small box. Those details are repeated, and sometimes elaborated upon, in the Detailed Notes Section of these Notes.

Detailed Notes Section: