Chapter XXXVIII: Page

Rainy Season in Kúkawa 1

Supplies. — The Herbage. — Tropical Rains. — Mr. Vogel’s Statement. — The Winged Ant. — Various Kinds of Cultivation. — Intended Excursion to Kánem. — Mr. Overweg’s Memoranda. — Political Situation of Bórnu. — The Turks in Central Africa. — Sókoto and Wádáy. — The Festival. — Ceremonies of Festivity. — Dependent Situation. — My Horse.

CHAP. XXXIX.

Expedition to Kánem 23

Money-matters settled. — A Repentant Servant. — Delights of Open Encampment. — Dawerghú. — Treatment by Slaves. — Variety of Trees. — Scarcity of Water. — The Town of Yó. — Marriage Customs. — Character of the Country. — Arrival of Mr. Overweg. — Banks of the River. — Character of our Freebooting Companions. — Crossing the River. — Town of Báruwa. — View of the Tsád. — Native Salt. — Desolate Country. — Ninety-six Elephants. — Another Scene of Plunder. — Arrival at Berí. — Importance of Berí. — Fresh-water Lakes and Natron. — Submerged in a Bog. — A Large Snake. — The Valleys and Vales of Kánem. — Arrival at the Arab Camp.

CHAP. XL.

The Horde of the Welád Slimán 61

The Welád Slimán. — Their Power. — Slaughter of the Welád Slimán. — Interview with Sheikh Ghét. — Interview with ʿOmár. — Specimen of Predatory Life. — Runaway Female Slave. — Rich Vales. — Large Desertion. — A Jewish Adventurer. — Musical Box. — False Alarm.

CHAP. XLI.

Shitáti. — The Eastern, more favoured, Valleys of Kánem 81

Bír el Ftáim. — The Fugábú. — Projects frustrated. — Kárká and the Keghámma. — Elephant’s Track. — Bóro. — Bérendé. — Towáder. — Beautiful Vale. — Preparations for Attack. — Left behind. — Regularly-formed Valley. — Hénderi Síggesí. — Attack by the Natives. — Much Anxiety. — Join our Friends. — Encampment at Áláli Ádia. — Visited by the Keghámma. — Camp taken. — Restless Night. — Fine Vale Tákulum. — Vales of Shitáti. — Return to the principal Camp. — Wádáy Horsemen. — Set out on return to Kúkawa. — Departure from Kánem. — Alarms. — The Komádugu again. — Return to Kúkawa.

CHAP. XLII.

Warlike Preparations against Mándará 118

Set out on another Expedition. — The Camp, or Ngáufate. — The _Chef de Police_ Lamíno. — Army in motion. — Lamíno again. — Major Denham’s Adventure. — The Town of Márte. — Ála. — Encampment at Díkowa. — Firearms and Civilization. — Slavery and Slave-trade. — The Shúwa. — The Interior of Díkowa. — Industry. — Banks of the Yálowe. — Cotton Plantations. — The Camp Market. — Friendly Services. — Important Information. — Háj Edrís.

CHAP. XLIII.

The Border-region of the Shúwa 149

News from Mándará. — Áfagé. — Thieves forced to Fight. — The Sweet Sorghum. — Variations of Temperature. — Shallow Watercourses. — Subjection of Mándará. — Extensive Rice-fields. — Hard Ground. — Elephants. — The Court of Ádishén. — The Army on the March. — The Súmmoli. — The Army badly off. — Entering the Músgu Country. — Industry pillaged. — Native Architecture. — Affinity of the Músgu. — Their chief Places. — The Adventurous Chieftain. — Ádishén. — Christmas Events.

CHAP. XLIV.

The Country of the Shallow Rivers. — Water-parting between
the Rivers Bénuwé and Shárí 186

The Deléb-palm. — New Features. — Worship of Ancestors. — Cut off from the Army. — Spoil and Slaughter. — Alarm and Cowardice. — Músgu Weapons. — The Túburi not attacked. — Ngáljam of Démmo. — Destruction. — New Year. — Pagan Chiefs and Priests. — Fine Landscape. — The River of Logón. — Singular Water-combat. — The Túburi and their Lake. — The Swampy Character of the Ngáljam. — The River again. — Water-communication. — Plucky Pagans. — Balls and Stones. — Consequences of Slave-hunts. — Penetrating Southward.

CHAP. XLV.

Return to Bórnu 229

Another Alarm. — Policy of Negroland. — Cattle Indigenous or Imported. — Another District Plundered. — The Músgu Slave. — Narrow Escape. — Attack by Bees. — African Netherlands. — Miseries of Slave-hunts. — Barren Country. — Residence of Kábishmé. — Native Architecture. — Ground-plan of a Dwelling. — Amount of Booty. — Wáza. — Encampment at Wáza. — Re-arrival at Kúkawa.

CHAP. XLVI.

Setting out for Bagírmi. — The Country of Kótokó 260

Mestréma the Consul of Bagírmi. — Setting out for Bagírmi. — Remains of Pagan Rites. — _Poa Abyssinica_. — The Water. — Arborescent _Euphorbiacea_ — Scarcity of Water. — Ngála; Buildings; Language. — Rén. — Áfadé. — Historical View of Kótokó. — Former towns of the Soy.

CHAP. XLVII.

Province of Logón. — Logón Bírni 281

Kála, New Character. — Húlluf. — The Deléb-palm again. — Reception in the Kárnak. — The Ibálaghwán. — Palace of the Sultan. — Sultan Ýsuf. — The River. — The Water-king. — Embarking on the River. — Names of Rivers. — Bathing in the River. — Historical Account of Logón. — Date of their Islám. — Government. — Food. — Manufactures. — Language.

CHAP. XLVIII.

The two Rivers. — Entrance into Bagírmi 310

Crossing the River. — Animated Scenery. — Political State of the Country. — The Real Shárí. — River Scenery. — Sent back by the Ferrymen. — Intrigues and Fears. — Trying another Ford. — The Shárí at Mélé. — Character of the Natives. — Entering a Country by Stealth. — Overtaken. — Residence at Mélé. — Ordered to wait at Búgomán. — Character of the River. — Mustáfají. — The Shárí again. — Sent back from Búgomán. — Búgarí. — Mókorí. — Arrival at Bákadá. — Háj Bú-Bakr Sadík. — Decay of Bagírmi. — Destructive Insects. — Character of Bákadá. — The Natives. — Intercourse. — Trees of Negroland. — Return of Messenger.

CHAP. XLIX.

Endeavour to leave the Country. — Arrested. — Final Entrance
into Más-eñá. — Its characteristic Features 351

Stay in Mókorí. — Importance of Needles. — Want of Water. — Leaving the right Track. — A Night in the Wilderness. — Kókoroché. — Mélé again. — Laid in Irons. — Released. — Return Eastward. — Arrival at the Capital. — The Lieutenant-governor. — Háj Áhmed. — The Fáki Sámbo. — Mohammedan Learning. — The Fáki Íbrahím. — Suspected of being a Rain-maker. — Superstition of the Natives. — Becoming Retail Dealer. — The Market. — Articles of Commerce. — Difficulties of a Journey into Wádáy. — Market of Ábú-Gher.

CHAP. L.

Description of the Town. — Arrival of the Sultan. — Final
Departure 388

General Character of Más-eñá. — The Palace. — The Bedá. — Patients. — The other Sex. — Occurrences of Daily Life. — Battle with Ants. — Arrival of the Sultan. — The Sultan’s Retinue. — His Entry into the Town. — Despatches and Letters. — A Serious Visit. — Escape by Frankness. — Audience with the Sultan. — Asked for a Cannon. — Pardoning Enemies. — Death of Máina Beládemí. — Present from the Sultan. — Reward of Friends. — Departure from the Capital.

CHAP. LI.

Historical Survey of Bagírmi. — General Condition of the Country
and its Inhabitants 425

Scarcity of Information. — The Dájó. — The Kingdom of Gaoga. — Introduction of Islám. — Early History of Bagírmi. — Foundation of Más-eñá. — The Kings ʿAbd-Allah and Mohammed. — Restless Reign of ʿOthmán. — Subjection to Wádáy. — Struggle with Bórnu. — The Present King ʿAbd el Káder. — His Policy. — General Character of Bagírmi. — Mountain Gére. — No Snow on Mountains. — Edible _Poa_. — Vegetable Produce. — Arms. — Language. — Dress. — Government. — Tribute. — Power of the Sultan.

CHAP. LII.

Home-journey to Kúkawa. — Death of Mr. Overweg 456

Pleasant Starting. — Bákadá Hospitality. — Ásu and the Shárí. — The Shúwa of Mókoró. — River of Logón. — Difficulty of Proceeding without Delay. — Áfadé. — Crossing Rivers. — Bogheówa. — Meeting with Mr. Overweg. — Treaty signed. — Money-matters. — Rising of the Komádugu. — Mr. Overweg’s last Excursion. — Death of Mr. Overweg. — His Grave on the Shore of the Tsád.

* * * * *

APPENDIX I.

Account of the Eastern Parts of Kánem, from Native Information 481

Mʿawó and its Neighbourhood 483

I. — Itinerary from Mʿawó to Tághghel, directly South 484

II. — From Berí to Tághghel, going along the Border of the
Lake 486

III. — The Bahr el Ghazal, called “Burrum” by the Kánembú,
and “Féde” by the Tebu Gurʿaán 487

Mondó, Egé, Búrku, Tribes of the Tebu or Tedá 489

APPENDIX II.

Geographical Details contained in “the Diván,” or Account given
by the Imám Áhmed ben Sofíya of the Expeditions of the King
Edrís Alawóma from Bórnu to Kánem 498

First Expedition 498

Second Expedition 507

Third Expedition 508

Fourth Expedition 511

Fifth Expedition 517

Last Expedition to the Borders of Kánem; Treaty 519

APPENDIX III.

Account of the various Detachments of Cavalry composing the
Bórnu Army in the Expedition to Músgu 521

APPENDIX IV.

Towns and Villages of the Province of Logón or Lógone 525

APPENDIX V.

Copy of a Despatch from Lord Palmerston 526

APPENDIX VI.

Historical Sketch of Wádáy 528

APPENDIX VII.

Ethnographical Account of Wádáy 539

APPENDIX VIII.

Government of Wádáy 554

APPENDIX IX.

Collection of Itineraries for fixing the Topography of Wádáy,
and those parts of Bagírmi which I did not visit myself 563

I. — Roads from Más-eñá to Wára 563

II. — Routes in the Interior of Wádáy 570

III. — Routes in the Interior of Bagírmi 588