Chapter XVI: Twilight Triumphs (2)

SMITH, MRS. SAMUEL HARRISON. _See_ Gaillard Hunt.

SMITH, W. L. G., _Life of Lewis Cass_. New York, 1856.

SPARKS, W. H., _Memories of Fifty Years_. Philadelphia, 1882.

STANWOOD, EDWARD, _History of Presidential Elections in the United
States_. Boston, 1912. _American Tariff Controversies of the
Nineteenth Century._ Boston, 1903.

STILLÉ, CHARLES J., _Life and Services of Joel R. Poinsett_
(pamphlet). Philadelphia, 1888.

STORY, JOSEPH. _See_ W. W. Story.

STORY, W. W., _Life and Letters of Joseph Story_. 2 vols. Boston,
1851.

SUMNER, WILLIAM GRAHAM, _Life of Andrew Jackson_. Boston, 1882
(American Statesmen).

TANEY, ROGER B. _See_ Samuel Tyler.

TAUSSIG, F. W., _A Tariff History of the United States_. New York,
1888.

THORP, FRANCIS NEWTON, _The Statesmanship of Andrew Jackson_. New
York, 1909.

TYLER, LYON GARDINER, _Letters and Times of the Tylers_. 2 vols.
Richmond, 1884.

TYLER, SAMUEL, _Memoir of Roger Brooke Taney_. Baltimore, 1872.

VAN BUREN, MARTIN, _Autobiography_, edited by John C. Fitzpatrick.

_American Historical Association Report_, 1918, vol. II.

VIGNE, GODFREY T., _Six Months in America_. Philadelphia, 1833.

VON HOLST, H., _The Constitutional and Political History of the United States_. 6 vols. Chicago, 1889. _Life of John C. Calhoun._ Boston, 1886 (American Statesmen).

WEBSTER, DANIEL. _See_ Henry Cabot Lodge, Peter Harvey, George Ticknor Curtis, Sidney George Fisher, and Fletcher Webster.

WEBSTER, FLETCHER, _Private Correspondence of Daniel Webster_. 2 vols. Boston, 1857.

WEED, THURLOW, _Autobiography_. 2 vols. Boston, 1884.

WHARTON, ANNE HOLLINGSWORTH, _Social Life of the Early Republic_. Philadelphia, 1902.

WHITE, HUGH LAWSON. _See_ Nancy N. Scott.

WILLIS, N. P., _American Scenery_. 3 vols. London, 1840.

WILSON, RUFUS R., _Washington the Capital City_. Philadelphia, 1901.

WILSON, WOODROW, _History of the United States_. 5 vols. New York, 1902.

WIRT, WILLIAM. _See_ John P. Kennedy.

WISE, BARTON, _Life of Henry A. Wise_. New York, 1899.

WISE, HENRY A., _Seven Decades of the Union_. Philadelphia, 1872. _See_ Barton Wise.

WRIGHT, SILAS. _See_ Jabez D. Hammond.

_Congressional Debates_ and _Congressional Globe_, 1830-37.

_The National Intelligencer_, 1829-37.

_The Washington Globe_, 1831-37.

_Documentary History of the U.S. Capitol Buildings and Grounds._ House Doc. 646, 58th Congress, 1st Session.

_Biographical Congressional Directory._ Senate Doc. 654, 61st Congress, 2d Session.

John Forsyth MSS., in possession of Waddy Wood, Washington, D.C.

INDEX

Abolitionists, Taney and case, 138;
Thompson’s crusade, denunciations, 434;
exclusion of mail matter, 435, 445;
as issue (1836) and Van Buren, 435, 444, 446-48;
Calhoun and sectionalism over petitions, 443-45.

Adams, J. Q., and dining with colleagues, 13;
and Mrs. Livingston, 22;
effect of “bargain” story, 31;
and vilification (1828), 32, 34;
and defeat, 34-36;
and Jackson’s inauguration, 45, 48;
and Van Buren, 53, 55;
on Ingham, 57;
and crystallization of parties, 64;
disloyalty of officials under, 67;
and rejection of Hill, 83;
Calhoun’s opposition to Administration, 90, 92;
and Webster-Hayne debate, 98;
and Crawford, 107-09;
and Jackson-Calhoun break, 111-13;
on Mrs. Eaton affair, 121, 132;
organ of Administration, 159;
on Clay, 174, 191;
as Opposition leader, 176;
and rejection of Van Buren, 181;
and Clay and tariff, 185, 186;
tariff report and bill (1832), 189, 193;
and overtures by Jackson, 189;
political character, 190, 191;
and Bank recharter as issue, 211;
Bank investigation report, 216;
on Nullification, 261, 265;
and compromise tariff, 281;
and ending of Twenty-second Congress, 286;
on Jackson at Harvard, 289;
on end of tour, 290;
and removal of deposits, 342;
on Choate, 348;
and House committee to investigate Bank (1834), 349;
and spring election (1834), 354;
and Florida Purchase Treaty, 389;
and French Spoliation Claims, 399, 400;
tributes to Jackson, 400, 417;
and Webster, 414;
castigation of Senate, 414-19;
Whig resentment, 419;
on Van Buren and other candidates (1836), 438, 450.
_See also_ Elections (1828, 1832).

Adams, Mrs. J. Q., “slandered,” 32, 83.

Alabama, and expunging of censure, 369.

_Albany Argus_, in campaign of 1832, 243.

_Albany Journal._ _See_ Weed, Thurlow.

Allen, William, and expunging of censure, 465;
final conference with Jackson, 480.

American system. _See_ Internal improvements; Tariff.

Amusements, in Washington, 16-29.

Anderson, ----, opera in Washington, 28 _n._

Anti-Masons, Clay’s attitude, 234, 238;
presidential nomination (1832), Wirt and Clay, 235-37;
Jacksonians denounce, 237;
in campaign, 249;
and Granger (1836), 433.

_Appeal_, as White’s organ, 451.

Archer, W. S., and Ingham, 43;
and Nullification, 261, 265;
and French Spoliation Claims, 400.

Arlington, as residence, 7.

Arnold, R., peculation, dismissal, 75 _n._

Assassination conspiracy, charge, 376-78;
Poindexter affair, 378, 379, 382.

Attorney-General. _See_ Berrien, J. M.; Butler, B. F.; Taney, R. B.

Austria, treaty, 229.

Baldwin, Henry, and Treasury portfolio, 42;
on Tyler, 78 _n._

Baltimore, National Republican Convention, 175;
Jacksonian, 289;
Bank harangues, 330;
Democratic Convention, 429.

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, opening to Washington, 1.

Bank of the United States. _See_ National Bank.

Bankhead, Charles, and French Spoliation Claims, 420, 421.

Barbour, James, on Clay’s tariff speech, 188;
on presidential contest (1836), 432;
and slavery issue, 435;
and instructions to expunge censure, 441.

“Bargain” story, political effect, 31;
Tyler and, 79;
revival (1832), 249;
Forsyth and, 389.

Barry, W. T., selection as Postmaster-General, 49;
career and character, 61;
and recall of Harrison, 74;
at Jefferson’s Birthday dinner, 101;
and Berrien, 129;
and Blair, 161;
and Post-Office corruption, 183, 371-76;
and Bank, 210, 217;
and Houston, 241;
and removal of deposits, 293, 303;
Spanish mission, death, 374.

Barton, T. P., chargé at Paris, marriage, 406; and French Spoliation Claims, 408, 409.

Bell, John, and White’s candidacy, Blair’s attack, 428, 429;
defeated for Speaker, 439;
and Van Buren, 439.

Bennett, J. G., press letters from Washington, 16;
attack on Bank, 204;
and removal of deposits, 297, 298.

Bentham, Jeremy, and Livingston Code, 135.

Benton, T. H., in campaign of 1828, 58;
and dismissals under Jackson, 72;
and Webster-Hayne debate, 92, 98, 103;
at Jefferson’s Birthday dinner, 101, 102;
on establishment of the _Globe_, 160;
as Jacksonian leader, 176;
and rejection of Van Buren, 181;
and tariff, 195;
land sale graduation plan, 196;
report on public lands, 198;
hostility to Bank, 204;
and postponement of Bank issue, 208;
and Bank investigation, 215;
and Bank veto, Clay episode, 219, 224, 225;
Jackson duel as campaign material, 246;
on Webster and Jackson, 276;
on compromise tariff, 278, 283 _n._;
and removal of deposits, 307;
leader against Bank, 319;
political character, 319;
and Senate measures on deposits, 322;
speech on censure, 331;
and Webster’s compromise recharter measure, 335;
on resolution to restore deposits, 350;
and Taney’s report on finances, 351;
and expunging censure, 368, 369, 371, 461, 462;
patronage inquiry, 383;
on extinguishment of debt, 385;
on Fortifications Bill, 404, 410, 412;
and French Spoliation Claims, 408, 409;
on politics in Abolitionist affairs, 447;
conciliation dinner, 465;
and expunging excitement, altercation with Clay, 470, 471;
at dinner celebrating expunging, 471;
on Jackson at Van Buren’s inauguration, 479;
last conference with Jackson, 480.

Bernard, Simon, on Calhoun, 89 _n._

Berrien, J. M., selection as Attorney-General, 44;
career and character, 60;
and Mrs. Eaton, Calhoun adherent, resignation, 121, 123,
125, 127, 129, 130;
and Nullification, 125, 127, 388;
becomes Whig, 132.

Bibb, G. M., on Barry, 372;
patronage inquiry, 383.

Biddle, Nicholas, and Lewis, 155;
Mason episode, 203;
warning against politics, 203;
and attitude of Administration (1831), 204-07;
and press propaganda, 207, 228;
and problem of application for recharter, 209;
forced to recharter application, 212, 213, 217;
character, 212;
and recharter before Congress, 216;
on veto message, 221;
in campaign of 1832, 238, 239;
hope in Clay-Nullifiers union, 291;
and Wall Street, 300 _n._;
control over Bank, 305;
policy of economic coercion, 310, 313-15;
and rejection of Government Bank directors, 324;
and Clay’s selfish attitude, 332, 360, 366;
and Webster’s recharter measure, 334;
and election riots, 363;
final opinion of a supporter, 368.
_See also_ National Bank.

Binney, Horace, on drinking, 18;
and removal of deposits, 314;
and Webster’s compromise recharter measure, 334;
as champion of Bank, as orator, 343;
in debate on deposits, 344, 346, 347;
and Jackson, 347;
report on deposits, 348.

Black, John, and Abolitionist petitions, 444 _n._

Blair, F. P., on rapid communication, 1;
on Washington society, 27;
establishment of the _Globe_ as Jackson’s organ, 160, 161, 164;
advent in Washington, appearance, relations with Jackson, 161,
162, 478, 480;
political career and character, 162-64;
Green contest, 164;
and daily paper, 165;
as editor of _Globe_, 165-67;
value of services, 169;
political use of rejection of Van Buren, 182;
and tariff issue, 188;
and Clay’s land policy, 200;
and Bank, 218;
and Bank veto, 219, 221;
on premature recharter of Bank, 208 _n._;
on Webb as turncoat, 228;
on Nullifiers and Clay, 232, 233;
on Clay and Anti-Masons, 237;
and Jackson retirement canard, 240;
campaign methods, 242-44;
campaign personalities, 247, 248;
on Jackson and Nullification, 252;
on compromise tariff combination, 280, 283;
and Bank and Clay-Calhoun union, 291;
and removal of deposits, 296, 298;
and Barry, 303;
and Cabinet paper on deposits, 305;
and excitement over deposits, 330;
on Hopkinson and Bank, 347;
on Whig Bank policy, 367;
and assassination conspiracy, 377, 378, 382;
and French crisis, 395, 396, 411;
and White, 424, 425;
and vice-presidential candidates (1835), 431;
denunciation of White’s candidacy and
Bell, 428, 429;
and Whitney affair, 461;
on Jackson’s last conference, 480.
_See also_ Kitchen Cabinet; _Washington Globe_.

Boarding houses, in Washington, 12.

Bodisco, Baron, as social leader, 27.

Booth, J. B., appearances in Washington Theater, 16.

Bouldin, J. W., and French Spoliation Claims, 400.

Branch, John, selection as Secretary of the Navy, 44;
career and character, 59;
appearance, manner, 59;
at Jefferson’s Birthday dinner, 101;
Mrs. Eaton controversy, resignation, Calhoun adherent, 119,
120, 123, 125, 126, 130;
becomes Whig, 132.

Branch, Mrs. John, and Mrs. Eaton, 120, 123.

Broglie, Duc de, and Spoliation Claims, 390, 406, 408.

Brooke, Francis, and Clay’s health, 249;
and instructions to expunge censure, 441.

Brown, Jesse, as hotel keeper, 3.

Bryant, W. C., on Biddle, 368.

Buchanan, James, and Cabinet position, 129;
and _Globe_ as official organ, 168;
and French Spoliation Claims, 390, 397;
and Fortifications Bill, 403;
and Abolitionist petitions, 444;
and Abolitionist mail, 445;
on expunging censure, 468.

Burges, Tristam “mess,” 12;
and French Spoliation Claims, 401.

Butler, B. F., and Cabinet offer, 1;
manner, 10;
appointment as Attorney-General, 310;
and Jackson’s Protest, 339;
confirmed, 352.

Bynum, J. A., and Fortifications Bill, 404.

Cabinet, Butler and portfolio, 1;
exclusion of presidential aspirants, 40;
Van Buren and Calhoun and selection, 40;
selection of first, 40-45, 119;
factional character, 45, 125;
character of Jackson’s first Secretaries, 53-63;
Tyler and selection, 79;
effect of Jackson-Calhoun break, 115;
wrecked by Mrs. Eaton, 116, 119, 123, 130-32;
resignation, 124-27;
construction of new, 127-30;
reception of new, 130;
character of new Secretaries, 132-43;
attitude on Bank recharter, 217;
second reorganization, 287;
and removal of deposits, 292, 293, 303, 305;
dismissal of Duane, third reorganization, 309, 310;
Senate’s rejection of Taney, 352;
fourth reorganization, 358, 359;
Kendall succeeds Barry, 374;
Van Buren’s, 473.

Cadwalader, Thomas, as Bank agent at Washington, 210-12;
bears recharter application, accident, 214.

Calhoun, J. C., “mess,” 12;
and Harriet Martineau, 14;
and Mrs. Livingston, 22;
in society, 24;
presidential aspirations and Van Buren, 40, 85;
and selection of Cabinet, 40-42, 44, 45;
and Tyler, 77;
and Jackson’s appointments, 85, 86;
political effect of break with Jackson, 88, 110, 111, 115;
political career and character, 88-91;
and War of 1812, 89;
opposition to Adams’s Administration, 90, 92;
appearance, 91;
and Webster-Hayne debate, 92, 97;
and Jackson’s Union toast, 102, 103;
and Jackson’s Seminole campaign, break with Jackson, 103-06, 110-15;
and Crawford, 107, 108;
Jackson pamphlet, 113;
followers eliminated from Cabinet, 125, 130;
Duff Green’s organ, 159;
and party leadership, 173;
and Clay, 173;
as anti-Jackson leader, 176, 285;
and rejection of Van Buren, 178, 181;
invitation to join Opposition, 184;
and Bank, 210;
and support of Clay (1832), 231-33;
Blair on attitude (1832), 233;
and South Carolina’s vote, 251;
Nullification and Jackson’s hatred, 252, 269, 277, 279, 480;
Exposition, 253;
letter urging Nullification, 254;
and Nullification Proclamation, 265;
journey to Washington, 266;
taking seat in Senate, 267;
and message on Nullification, 269;
constitutional resolutions, 269;
speech on Force Bill, 274;
and compromise tariff, 277-82;
and rescission of Nullification, 284;
and distress petitions, 327;
speech on censure, 331;
confidence in Bank success, 332;
and Webster’s recharter measure, 334, 335;
on Jackson’s Protest, 341;
Ritchie on presidential ambition, 364;
rage against Jackson, 368;
on Post-Office corruption, 369;
on expunging censure, 370, 371, 464;
and assassination conspiracy, 377;
patronage inquiry and report, 382-84;
and Abolitionist petitions and sectionalism, 443-45;
bill on Abolitionist mail, political motive, 445-48;
attack on
Jackson and Van Buren (1836), 449;
Jackson’s triumph, 472.

Calhoun, Mrs. J. C., and Mrs. Eaton, 120.

Cambreleng, C. C., as Jackson leader, 177;
and French Spoliation Claims, 399, 401;
and Fortifications Bill, 404, 411, 414.

Campbell, J. N., and Mrs. Eaton, 119, 120.

Capitol, in the thirties, 8-11.

Cartoons, in campaign of 1832, 241.

Carusi, Louis, assembly, 28.

Cass, Lewis, on McLean and justiceship, 49;
selection as Secretary of War, 129;
career and character, 140-43;
and Bank, 212, 217;
and Nullification, letter to Virginia, 255, 262;
in New England tour, 289;
and removal of deposits, question of resignation, 293, 303, 305, 309;
French mission, 473.

Censure of Jackson, Senate resolutions introduced, 325;
debate, 330-32;
passage, 337;
Jackson’s Protest, 338, 339;
debate on Protest, refusal to receive it, 339-42;
State Legislatures and instructions to expunge, attitude
of Senators, 368, 441-43;
first expunging movement (1836), 369-71;
expunging as national issue, and changes in Senate, 461, 462;
Benton’s and Buchanan’s speeches, 462, 463;
Whig speeches, 463-69;
Benton’s Democratic conciliation dinner, 465;
Benton’s refreshments at Capitol, 465, 468;
vote to expunge, 469;
tension, ceremony, protest of gallery, 470, 471;
Jackson’s dinner, 471.

Chabaulon, Henri de, and Spoliation Claims, 405.

Chapman, J. G., exhibition of paintings, 28.

Chevalier, Michel, on campaign parade, 245.

Cheves, Langdon, and Treasury portfolio, 43.

Choate, Rufus, as Opposition leader, 177;
Bank speech, 348.

Cholera, and campaign of 1832, 243, 247, 249.

Churches, of Washington, 8.

Civil service, office-seekers and Jackson, 38, 39, 66, 69, 70;
office-holders and Jackson, 39;
McLean and proscriptions, 49;
Van Buren’s attitude, 54;
Jackson and exigent origin of spoils system, 64, 67-69, 480;
office-holding class, 65;
demands for proscription, 65;
dismissals, hardships, extent, 70-74;
dismissal of criminal officials, 75;
Senate’s rejection of nomination of editors, 76, 80-87;
review under Jackson, 228;
Senate’s patronage inquiry, 382-84;
proposed repeal of four-year-tenure law, 384.

Clay, Henry, and Harriet Martineau, 14;
and Mrs. Livingston, 22;
in society, 24;
effect of “bargain” story, 31;
and campaign of 1828, vilified, 32;
and defeat (1828), 35, 36;
and Jackson’s inauguration, 48;
personal opposition to Jackson, 50-53;
and crystallization of parties, 65;
and Tyler, 77, 79;
and Kendall, 145, 146, 148;
return to Senate as leader of Opposition, 171, 172;
character, as politician, 172-75;
Calhoun on, 173;
Adams on, 174, 191;
nomination for Presidency, 175;
search for an issue, 175, 177;
platform, 176;
and rejection of Van Buren, 178-80;
West Indian trade negotiations, 178;
and confirmation of Livingston, 182;
tariff plan (1832), 185-87;
tariff speeches, 187, 188;
and conference tariff bill, 195;
vulnerable public lands policy, 195-97;
and public lands bill, speech, 197-200;
makes recharter of Bank his issue, 206-12, 217;
on Bank veto, 221, 222, 224;
Benton episode over Bank, 225;
conduct of campaign, 230;
and Nullifiers, 231;
and Anti-Masons, 234-38;
campaign abuse, 247;
during campaign, 249;
defeat, 251;
Nullification and playing politics, 260, 261, 264, 280, 285;
and Force Bill debate, 270;
and compromise tariff, 278-81, 283;
pocket veto of land bill, 286;
and distress petitions, 315, 327;
resolution on depository banks, 322;
demand for Cabinet paper on Bank, 323;
and legal basis of deposits controversy, 325;
resolutions censuring Jackson, 325;
speech on censure, 330;
confidence in Bank victory, 332;
selfish attitude toward Bank, 332, 335, 366;
and Webster’s compromise recharter measure, 335;
Van Buren and histrionics over distress, 335-37;
resolution to restore deposits, 350;
and Taney’s report on finances, 350;
and expunging censure, speech, 369, 371, 465-68;
and Barry, 372;
and Poindexter investigation, 382;
and Forsyth, 389;
and French crisis, 396,
397, 417;
and White’s candidacy, 424;
and candidacy (1836), 431;
on possible Whig candidates, 432, 433;
and rejection of Taney, 441;
during campaign, endorses Harrison, 452;
and election of Van Buren, 456;
Benton altercation after expunging, 471;
Jackson’s triumph, 472;
Jackson’s hatred, 480.
_See also_ Election (1832).

Clayton, A. S., and Bank investigation, 215.

Clayton, J. M., and crystallization of parties, 65;
as Opposition leader, 176;
and rejection of Van Buren, 180;
appearance, character, 183;
and Post-Office investigation, 183;
invitation to Nullifiers, 184;
and Force Bill, 270, 271;
and compromise tariff, 278, 280, 282, 283.

Coach hire, in Washington, 4.

Cockfighting at Washington, 18.

Colombia, relations with, 229.

Congress, _Twenty-first_: beginning of campaign speeches, 55;
Senate and Jackson’s nominations, 76, 80-87;
Webster-Hayne debate, 92-99.
_Twenty-second_: Clay as leader of Opposition, 172;
other leaders, 176, 177;
rejection of Van Buren, 177-82;
investigation of Post-Office, 183;
tariff of 1832, 185-89, 193-95;
public lands, 197-99, 286;
Bank recharter and investigation, 214-26;
campaign denunciation, 229;
Administration’s tariff bill (1833), 267;
annual message, 257;
message on Nullification, 268, 269;
Force Bill, 269-76, 281;
compromise tariff, 277-82;
dramatic end, 286.
_Twenty-third_: petitions on Bank question, 315, 327-29;
leaders in Bank controversy, 319-21;
Senate measures on removal of deposits, 322-24;
legal basis of deposits contest, 325;
public interest in Bank debate, 326;
censure of Jackson, 325, 330-33, 337, Webster’s
compromise recharter measure, 333-35;
Van Buren and Clay’s histrionics, 335-37;
Jackson’s Protest, not received, 338-42;
House measures and debate on deposits, 342-49;
House committee to investigate Bank, 349, 350;
Senate resolution to restore deposits, 350;
Taney’s special report on finances, 350-52;
rejection of nominations, 352;
and expunging censure, 368-71;
Post-Office investigation and reorganization, 369, 371-74;
Poindexter investigation, 382;
patronage inquiry, 382-84;
French crisis, 392, 393, 396, 397, 399-402;
Fortifications Bill, 402-05;
Speakership contest, 429.
_Twenty-fourth_: French crisis, 408-11;
debate on failure of Fortifications Bill, 410-20;
Speakership, 439;
confirmation of Taney, 440;
expunging censure, 441, 442, 461-71;
Abolitionist affairs and politics, 443-48;
Whitney affair, 457-61.

“Coodies,” 137 _n._

Cooper, Thomas, and National Bank, 291.

Corwin, Thomas, as Opposition leader, 177.

Cox, M. M., peculation, dismissal, 75 _n._

Crawford, W. H., Washington residence, 6;
and Jackson-Calhoun break, 104-06;
political career and character, candidacy (1824), 106-10;
and Adams, Jackson, Calhoun, 107, 108;
charges against, investigation, 107, 108.

Crittenden, J. J., and expunging of censure, 463.

Crockett, Davy, biography of Van Buren, 436-38.

Custis, G. W., residence, 7.

Cuthbert, Alfred, Fortifications Bill, 413;
and Abolitionist petitions, 444 _n._;
on politics in Abolitionist affairs, 447.

Dallas, G. M., and Livingston, 128 _n._, 182;
Bank recharter bill, 214.

Dana, Judah, and expunging of censure, 463.

Dancing, in Washington, 26.

Daniel, P. V., and Attorney-Generalship, 310.

Davis, Jefferson, on Calhoun’s eyes, 92 _n._

Davis, M. L., press letters from Washington, 16.

Dawson, Moses, rejection by Senate, 82.

Denmark, claims against, 229.

Depository banks, proposed regulation, 383, 384.

Deposits. _See_ Removal of deposits.

Dickerson, Mahlon, as Jacksonian leader, 176;
vice-presidential candidacy, 182;
and tariff bill, 194, 195;
and Bank, 211 _n._, 217;
Secretary of the Navy, 359.

District of Columbia, Van Buren and slavery in, 451.

Donelson, A. J., and Jackson’s Union toast, 101;
in New England tour, 289;
and message on French crisis, 392.

Donelson, Mrs. Emily, and Mrs. Eaton, 123;
as mistress of White House, 475.

Drayton, William, and Ingham, 43;
and Cabinet position, 129;
and Nullification, 269.

Drinking, in Washington, 18.

Duane, W. J., character, selection as Secretary of the Treasury, 287, 288;
and removal of deposits, 294-97, 303;
recalcitrance and dismissal, 306-09.

Dupin, A. M. J. J., and Spoliation Claims, 391.

Earle, Ralph, in Jackson’s New England tour, 289;
at White House, 478;
return to Hermitage, 480.

Eaton, J. H., selection as Secretary of War, 43, 119;
political career and character, 57;
in campaign of 1828, 58;
at Jefferson’s Birthday dinner, 101;
and Peggy O’Neal, marriage, 118;
resignation, 124;
and return to Senate, 128;
pursuit of Ingham, 131, 132;
later career, 132.

Eaton, Mrs. J. H., [Peggy O’Neal], wrecks Cabinet, 116, 123-25, 130;
character, appearance, 117;
relations with Eaton, marriage, 118;
Jackson’s investigation and championship, 119, 120;
snubbing and championing, political effect, 119-22;
later career, 132;
as graft go-between, 376.

Edwards, Ninian, and Crawford, 107, 108.

Election of 1824, rival Cabinet candidates, 107-10.

Election of 1828, significance, 31, 34, 81;
Washington and, 31, 35;
vilification, 32-34;
Adams’s Administration and defeat, 35, 36;
Eaton as Jackson’s manager, 58;
newspapers in, 81;
Calhoun’s attitude, 91;
Lewis’s services, 153.

Election of 1832, quick returns, 2;
elimination of Calhoun, 110, 111, 115;
Jackson’s candidacy, 164, 172;
Clay’s nomination, his search for an issue, 175, 177, 226;
his platform, 176;
and Senate’s rejection of Van Buren, 181, 182;
union of elements of Opposition, 184;
failure of tariff as issue, 188, 195;
Clay’s land policy as issue, 196, 199, 200;
Bank as issue, 207, 209, 212-14, 217, 219, 223, 225, 226, 244, 248;
as democratic campaign, 227;
newspapers in, 228;
Kendall’s review of Jackson’s Administration, 228-30;
Nullifiers’ support of Clay, 230-33;
Anti-Masons and Clay, 234-37;
Jacksonians denounce Anti-Masons, 237, 238;
Bank propaganda, 238-40;
canards on Jackson, 240, 241;
Whig cartoons, 241;
Kitchen Cabinet and organization and publicity, 242-45;
meetings and parades, 245, 246;
personalities, 246;
candidates during campaign, 249, 250;
Democratic confidence, 250, 251;
result, 251;
and Nullification, 252.

Election of 1834, Bank and spring elections, 354-57;
Whig Party, 357;
Whig purpose and methods, 358;
Democratic purpose, 361;
verdict on Bank of fall elections, 361-65;
riots in Philadelphia, 363.

Election of 1836, Van Buren as heir apparent, 423;
White as anti-Van Buren prospect, 424;
Whigs and White’s candidacy, 424, 425;
Democratic efforts to suppress White, 426;
Blair’s denunciations of White and Bell, 428, 429;
Democratic Convention, Tennessee and, 429;
Democratic vice-presidential nomination, 430, 431;
Clay and candidacy, 431;
Whig candidates, 432, 433;
Whig hope in election by House, 432;
Whig vice-presidential candidates, 433;
slavery issue as anti-Van Buren weapon, 435, 436, 444, 446-48, 452;
Crockett’s biography of Van Buren, 436-38;
Adams on candidates, 438, 450;
Van Buren’s campaign attitude, 438;
Jackson’s activity, White’s attack on it, 448, 452, 453;
lack of issues, 449, 451;
basis of White’s candidacy, 449;
campaign methods, 451;
queries to candidates, 451, 452;
Clay and campaign, 452;
results, comparison with 1832, 454-56.

Everett, Edward, as Opposition leader, 177;
tariff conference, 185, 186;
and Jackson at Harvard, 289;
report on Bank, 349;
and French crisis, 399, 401.

Ewing, Thomas, as anti-Jackson leader, 176;
and rejection of Van Buren, 180;
and instructions to expunge censure, 442.

Fairfield, John, on Whitney affair, 459.

Farewell Address, purpose, character, 472.

Fashions, at Washington, 20.

Federalists, Webster as, 94, 95;
Taney as, 137.

Ferdinand of Spain, and Florida Treaty, 389.

Fiske, John, on Jackson’s foreign policy, 421.

Florida, Purchase Treaty, Forsyth’s credit, 389.
_See also_ Seminole campaign.

Floyd, John, overtures to Clay, 231;
South Carolina’s electoral vote, 251;
and Nullification, 261.

Foote, H. S., on Kendall, 374.

Force, Peter, in campaign of 1828, 32.

Force Bill, presentation, 269;
debate in Senate, 270-72;
Calhoun’s speech, 274;
Webster’s speech, 275;
passage, 282.

Foreign relations, Jackson’s selection of ministers, 50;
_Globe_ as official organ, 168, 169;
Van Buren as Minister to England, 177;
accomplishments under Jackson, 229;
character of Jackson’s advisers, 389;
Oregon boundary, 390, 480;
results of Jackson’s policy, 421.
_See also_ French Spoliation Claims.

Forsyth, John, and Webster-Hayne debate, 93;
and Jackson-Calhoun break, 104-06;
as Jacksonian leader, 176;
and rejection of Van Buren, 180;
and Bank, 211 _n._;
and Nullification, 269, 271;
and compromise tariff, 282;
and Attorney-Generalship, 310;
on distress petitions, 315, 327, 329;
and call for Cabinet paper, 323;
in censure debate, 332;
and Webster’s recharter measure, 335;
and Jackson’s Protest, 341, 342;
on naming Whig Party, 357;
selection as Secretary of State, 359;
character, 386-89;
as diplomatist, 389, 390;
and French crisis, 392, 398, 405, 420;
and Fortifications Bill, 404, 411;
and slavery issue, 435;
and Georgia’s vote (1836), 455.

Forsyth, Mrs. John, as social leader, 23;
and F. S. Key, 25.

Fortifications Bill, failure (1835), responsibility, 402-05, 413;
Adams’s castigation of Senate, 414-20.

Foster, J. W., on Jackson’s foreign policy, 422.

Four-year-tenure law, proposed repeal, 384.

Fox, H. S., as social leader, 27.

France. _See_ French Spoliation Claims.

_Frankfort Argus_, under Kendall and Blair, 146-48, 163;
Blair’s attack on Nullification, 160.

Frelinghuysen, Theodore, in censure debate, 332;
on Jackson’s Protest, 340;
defeat, 362.

French Spoliation Claims, Jackson’s treaty, 229, 386;
failure to appropriate payments, 386, 391;
dilemma of French Government, 390, 391;
need of strong public stand, 391, 397;
annual message (1834) on, 392, 393;
Whig attitude, 393, 395, 396, 420, 422;
message and Whig opposition in France, 394, 405, 411;
French protest on message, 395;
Senate and message, adverse report, 396, 397;
Livingston’s reply to French protest, 398;
imminence of war, 398, 399, 409, 410;
House discussion, Adams’s attitude, 399-402;
failure of Fortifications Bill, responsibility, 402-05, 410-19;
explanation demanded of France, 405;
French demand for apology, 405, 408;
Livingston leaves, 406;
his ovation at home, 407;
personal phase of crisis, 406, 407, 409;
Jackson and demand for apology, 408;
message on crisis, 409-11;
British mediation, French backdown, 420, 421.

Fuller’s Hotel, 3.

Gadsby, John, as hotel keeper, 3.

Gales, Joseph, in campaign of 1828, 32;
printer to the House, 277.
_See also_ _National Intelligencer_.

Gallatin, Albert, West Indian trade negotiations, 178;
warning to Bank, 318, 360.

Gambling, in Washington, 18.

Gardner, J. B., rejection by Senate, 82.

Garrison, W. L., mobbed, 434.

Georgetown, as residence section, 5, 7.

Georgia, and Nullification, 388;
vote in 1836, 455.

_Globe._ _See_ _Washington Globe_.

Gossip, in Washington society, 25.

Granger, Francis, vice-presidential candidacy, 433.

Great Britain, character of Jackson’s Minister to, 50, 177;
West Indian trade negotiations, 178;
Oregon controversy, 390, 480.

Green, Duff, and spoils system, 65, 68;
and Calhoun’s presidential aspirations, 85, 91;
and Webster-Hayne debate, 97;
and Jackson-Calhoun break, 113, 114, 159;
and Mrs. Eaton, 130;
paper as Jackson’s organ, 159;
and Blair, 164;
and loan from Bank, 207;
support of Clay, 231, 232;
printer to Senate, 277;
and Force Bill, 284;
and Bell, 429;
in campaign of 1836, 451.
_See also_ _United States Telegraph_.

Green, Nathaniel, pre-inaugural conferences, 39.

Grundy, Felix, on Barry, 372;
and Webster-Hayne debate, 93;
and White, 128, 426;
as Jacksonian leader, 176;
and tariff, 195;
and Force Bill, 271, 272;
in debate on censure, 332;
and Webster’s recharter measure, 335;
and Abolitionist mail, 445.

Hamilton, Alexander, Jr., and Bank, 204, 318, 360.

Hamilton, James, and Ingham, 43;
and Nullification, 253;
Calhoun’s Nullification letter, 254.

Hamilton, James A., as Van Buren’s Washington agent, 41;
and Jackson-Calhoun break, 104, 105, 114;
and McLane, 125;
political importance, 201;
and Jackson’s first message, 201, 202;
and Bank investigation, 215;
and Bank veto, 217, 218;
and Nullification, 256, 257, 263;
and removal of deposits, 290, 291, 306;
and spring elections (1834), 354;
and French crisis, 398.

Hamilton, Mrs. Philip, and Jackson, 478.

Hamilton, Thomas, on Washington, 2, 4, 5;
on Supreme Court, 10 _n._;
on slavery, 11;
lionized, 14;
on Capital’s social charm, 19.

Hardin, Benjamin, and Spoliation Claims, 402;
Randolph on, 402.

Harper, William, and Nullification, 253, 388.

Harris, Thomas, removes bullet from Jackson, 246.

Harrison, Benjamin, as lawyer, 54.

Harrison, W. H., cause of final illness, 14 _n._;
recall,74;
presidential candidacy, Clay’s attitude, 432, 433, 452;
and slavery issue, 436;
Adams on, 438;
electoral vote, 454.

Hartford Convention, Webster’s attitude, 95.

Hawes, A. G., Johnson incident, 373.

Hayne, R. Y., and Ingham, 43;
Webster debate as political, 92, 93, 98;
Union issue, 93, 97, 99, 103;
political career and character, 96;
speech, effect, 96, 97;
Webster’s reply, 98;
and Jackson’s Union toast, 102;
as anti-Jackson leader, 176;
and rejection of Van Buren, 180;
and tariff, 187, 194;
and Nullification Proclamation, 265;
and arming of Nullifiers, 268;
urges caution, 277;
and rescission of Nullification, 284.

Health, conditions at Washington, 29.

Hendricks, William, and Bank, 211 _n._

Hermitage, Jackson’s journeys to and from, 250,
252, 358, 360, 361, 452, 453, 480.

Hill, Isaac, in campaign of 1828, vilification, 32, 33, 157;
pre-inaugural conferences, 38, 39;
and spoils system, 66, 71, 73;
rejection by Senate, 82, 83;
protests on rejection, 86, 87;
becomes Senator, 87, 129;
on Webster, 95;
political career and character, as editor, 155-58;
appearance, 158;
rôle in Kitchen Cabinet, 169;
and tariff, 195;
Mason episode, 202;
campaign methods, 242, 245, 248;
campaign bets, 251;
in New England tour, 289;
and petitions on Bank, 329;
and Webster’s recharter measure, 335;
and vice-presidential candidates (1835), 431;
on Calhoun and sectionalism, 444.
_See also_ Kitchen Cabinet.

Holland, W. M., biography of Van Buren, 438.

Holmes, John, and rejection of Van Buren, 180 _n._;
campaign abuse, 248.

Hone, Philip, on campaign of 1832, 251;
on Nullification Proclamation, 263;
on Jackson in New York, 289 _n._;
on Bank and depression, 311, 312, 352;
and distress meeting, 316;
on campaign (1834), 362, 365;
final judgment on Biddle, 368;
on French crisis, 393, 405, 407, 409;
on Van Buren during campaign, 438;
on campaign, 450.

Hopkinson, Joseph, and Bank, Blair’s accusation, 347.

Horse-racing, at Washington, 18.

Hotels, in Washington, 3.

House of Representatives, chamber, 9.
_See also_ Congress.

Houston, Sam, attack on Congressman, 241.

Hughes, ----, opera in Washington, 28 _n._

Hugo, Victor, on Livingston Code, 135.

Huygens, Madame, and Mrs. Eaton, 122.

Ice cream, as social novelty, 26.

Inauguration, of Jackson, character of crowd, 36, 47;
his arrival and reception, 37;
his attitude and conferences, 38-40;
selection of Cabinet 40-45;
Adams and, 45, 48;
ceremony, 46;
reception at White House 47;
Jackson’s second, 287;
Van Buren’s, 479.

Indian Queen, as hotel, 3.

Industry, prosperity, 229.

Ingersoll, C. J., and Bank recharter, 215, 218.

Ingham, S. D., selection as Secretary of the Treasury, 42;
political career and character, 57;
and office-seekers, 69;
and Mrs. Eaton controversy, resignation, 123, 126;
and Bank and Calhoun, 125;
flight from Eaton, 131, 132;
and Mason episode, 203;
Calhoun’s tribute, 275.

Ingham, Mrs. S. D., and Mrs. Eaton, 120, 123.

Internal improvements, Jackson’s vetoes, 171;
Clay’s platform, 176.

Irving, Washington, in Washington, 15.

Jackson, Andrew, and Booth’s acting, 16;
and horse-racing, 18;
and cock-fighting, 18;
election as revolution, 31, 34, 81;
vilified in 1828, and attacks on wife, 32-34;
arrival at Washington, 37;
pre-inaugural attitude and conferences, 38-40;
selection of first Cabinet, 40-45, 49;
and Adams, later overtures, 45, 189;
inauguration, reception at White House, 46-48;
first disaffections, 48, 50;
and McLean and proscriptions, 49;
and Tazewell and English mission, 50;
Clay’s personal opposition, 50-53;
and Eaton, 58;
and origin of spoils system, attitude of advisers, 64, 67-69, 480;
and crystallization of parties, 65, 67;
clamor of office-seekers, 66, 69, 70;
dismissals under, 70-76;
and recall of Harrison, 74;
Tyler’s hostility, 78-80;
and press, 81;
and rejections by Senate, 86;
political effect of break with Calhoun, 88, 110, 111, 115;
and Webster-Hayne debate, 93, 97, 99, 100;
Jefferson’s Birthday dinner, Union toast, 100-03;
Calhoun and Seminole campaign, break with Calhoun, 103-06, 110-15;
and Crawford, 107, 109;
and Eaton’s marriage, 118;
and Mrs. Eaton, 119-21;
resignation of Cabinet, 123-27;
construction of new Cabinet, 127-30;
and Eaton-Ingham letters, 132;
first contact with Livingston, 134;
Taney’s support (1824), 139;
character of Kitchen Cabinet, 144;
relations with Lewis, 151-54;
establishment of organ, 158-61;
and Duff Green, 160;
and Blair, 162, 166, 478, 480;
candidacy for reëlection, 164, 172;
and _Globe_ finances, 165 _n._;
services of Kitchen Cabinet, 169;
evidences of leadership, 171;
tariff views, 171, 185;
opponents and supporters in Congress (1832), 176, 177;
union of elements of Opposition, 184;
and tariff as issue, 188, 195;
and land policy, 196;
Bank in first message, reason for attack, 201-04;
attitude on Bank (1831), Biddle’s overtures, 204-08;
and Bank as issue, 209;
and compromise recharter, 212, 215;
and Bank investigation, 215;
Bank veto, 217-22, 244;
and Supreme Court, 220;
Kendall’s campaign review of Administration, 228-30;
and Anti-Masons, 237;
retirement and health canards, 240, 241;
and Houston’s attack, 241;
campaign abuse (1832), 246;
and cholera, 247;
during campaign, confidence, 249-51;
reëlection, 251;
and expected Nullification, 252;
and Unionist dinner, 254;
Poinsett as agent in South Carolina, 255;
preparation to combat Nullification, 255;
desire for peaceful settlement, 256-58, 268;
annual message (1832), 257;
Nullification Proclamation, 257-60;
intention to punish Nullifiers, 259, 269, 273, 277-79;
and Virginia’s attitude, 262;
and Van Buren’s attitude, 263, 264;
and tariff bill (1833), 267;
message on Nullification, 268;
and Webster’s attitude, overtures, 274-77, 288, 332;
and compromise tariff, 279, 280, 281;
Nullification and union of opponents, 285;
second inauguration, address, 287;
second reorganization of Cabinet, 287, 288;
New England tour, 288-90;
origin of plan to remove deposits, 289-92;
and Duane’s attitude on deposits, 295;
and delay in removal, 297;
and divided counsel on removal, 299;
and Van Buren’s attitude, 299-301;
and Taney’s advocacy, 301;
determines on removal, 302;
Cabinet paper on reasons for removal, 303-05;
and attitude
of Cabinet, 306, 309;
dismissal of Duane, third reorganization of Cabinet, 307-09;
and Bank’s curtailments, 313, 361;
and distress petitions, 316;
character of papers on Bank, 322;
and Senate’s call for Cabinet paper, 323;
censure by Senate, 325, 330-32, 337;
Protest, 338, 339;
Senate’s refusal to receive Protest, 339-42;
and Binney, 347;
fourth reorganization of Cabinet, 358, 359;
character of Bank fight, 367;
expunging of censure, 368-71, 441-43, 461-71;
and Post-Office reorganization, 372;
attempt to assassinate, conspiracy charge, Poindexter, 376-79, 382;
relations with Poindexter, 380, 381;
and extinguishment of debt, 385;
French Spoliation Claims treaty, 386;
and failure to pay claims, 386, 391, 392;
and foreign affairs advisers, 389;
and Oregon, 390;
annual message on failure to pay French claims, 392, 393;
and French protest on message, 398;
Adams’s tributes, 400, 417;
and Fortifications Bill, 404;
and Cora Livingston, 406;
and Mme. Pageot, 407;
and French demand for apology, 408;
special message on French crisis, 409-11;
and British mediation, 420;
and French backdown, 421;
results of foreign policy, 421;
and Van Buren as successor, 423;
White’s drift from, 424;
and White’s candidacy, 426;
and Abolitionists, 435, 445;
and memorial to Marshall, 440;
White’s attack on campaign activity, 448, 453;
campaigning in Tennessee, 453;
illness, 457;
and Whitney, 458;
dinner to celebrate expunging, 471;
triumphs, 471;
and future dangers, Farewell Address, 472, 473;
farewell reception, 473;
appearance, 473;
health, 474;
social attitude, 474;
life at White House, 475-77;
work routine, 477;
and society of women, 478;
at Van Buren’s inauguration, acclaimed, 479;
last day at Washington, 479;
final conference, advice, hatred of Clay and Calhoun, 480;
departure, 480.
_See also_ Election (1828, 1832).

Jackson, Mrs. Andrew, campaign attacks on, 32, 83.

Jackson, Sarah Y., and Jackson, 476.

James, G. P. R., on Tyler, 80.

Jefferson, Thomas, and Crawford, 109;
on Livingston Code, 135.

Jefferson’s Birthday, dinner (1830);
Nullifiers’ purpose, Jackson’s Union toast, 100-03.

Johnson, R. M., on Cabinet crisis over Mrs. Eaton, 123;
and Kendall, 146;
and overtures to Adams, 189;
vice-presidential nomination, 431.

Johnson, W. C., Barry incident, 373.

Johnston, J. S., and Nullification, 279.

Kane, E. K., and Bank, 211 _n._

Kemble, Fanny, in Washington, 16;
Story’s verses, 17 _n._

Kendall, Amos, pre-inaugural conferences, 39;
on Barry, 62;
and spoils system, 68, 73;
Senate and appointment, 84;
and Van Buren and Calhoun, 85;
and rejection of Hill, 87;
career and character, as editor, 144-48, 374;
and Clay, 145, 146, 148;
in campaign of 1828, 148;
as office-seeker, 148;
rôle in Kitchen Cabinet, 149-51;
and coming of Blair, 161;
value of services, 169;
political use of rejection of Van Buren, 182;
and tariff issue, 188;
and Clay’s land policy, 200;
hostility to Bank, 203, 204, 218;
and Bank veto, 219, 221;
campaign review of Administration, 228-30;
campaign methods, 242, 243;
and removal of deposits, 291-93;
and recess removal, 294;
and Duane’s attitude, 294, 295;
sounding of State banks, 296, 297, 302;
and Cabinet paper on deposits, 305;
on Duane, 308 _n._;
and Jackson’s Protest, 339;
wisdom in Bank controversy, 366;
Postmaster-General, reforms, 374-76;
and exclusion of Abolitionist mail, 435;
and Whitney affair, 461.
_See also_ Kitchen Cabinet.

Kent, James, and suffrage, 54;
on Livingston Code, 135;
in campaign of 1832, 236.

Kentucky, Eaton and campaign of 1828, 58;
“Courts” contest, 163.

Key, F. S., and Mrs. Forsyth, 25;
and Berrien, 129;
on disruption of Cabinet, 130.

Kinchy, ----, and ice cream, 26.

King, J. P., patronage inquiry, 383, 384.

King, W. R. and land report, 198;
and Force Bill. 272;
and expunging censure, 369, 370;
Poindexter investigation, 382;
and Fortifications Bill, 403;
on politics in Abolitionist affairs, 445, 446.

Kitchen Cabinet, importance, 144, 169;
character and rôle of members: Kendall, 144-51;
Lewis, 151-55;
Hill, 155-58;
Blair, 161-69;
and establishment of organ, 160, 161;
campaign methods, 227;
in campaign of 1832, 242-45;
and removal of deposits, 293;
and deposits excitement, 330, 350;
and expunging censure, 369;
Forsyth’s attitude, 389;
and French crisis, 422;
and Whitney, 458.
_See also_ members by name.

Krudener, Baron de, and Mrs. Eaton, 122.

Lafayette, Marquis de, and Spoliation Claims, 391.

Latrobe, B. H., Van Ness house, 8;
Senate Chamber, 9.

Lawrence, C. W., mayoral election, 355.

Leavenworth, Henry, on Isaac Hill, 86.

Lee, Henry, rejection by Senate, character, 82.

Lee, R. E., marriage, 8.

Leigh, B. W., Virginia commissioner to Nullifiers, 284;
as leader of Opposition, 285;
Bank leader, 319;
political character, 321;
and Webster’s recharter measure, 334;
on Jackson’s Protest, 340, 341;
protested reëlection to Senate, 363, 364;
and French crisis, 397 _n._;
and Fortifications Bill, 412;
and instructions to expunge censure, 441, 442;
and Abolitionist petitions, 444 _n._;
and Abolitionist mail, 445.

Letcher, R. P., and compromise tariff, 278-80, 282;
and White, 425.

Lewis, Delia, marriage, and Jackson, 407.

Lewis, W. B., and spoils system, 68;
and Jackson-Calhoun break, 103-05;
character, rôle in Kitchen Cabinet, 151-55, 169;
in election of 1828, 153;
and Biddle, 155;
and coming of Blair, 162;
and Jackson’s candidacy for reëlection, 172;
and Bank, 205, 218;
on McLane’s Bank report, 209;
and Bank veto, 219;
campaign methods, 242, 244;
and Nullification, 275;
and removal of deposits, 305, 306;
attempt to exclude from floor of House, 324;
and spring elections (1834), 354;
and French crisis, 398;
and McLean’s candidacy, 423;
and vice-presidential candidates (1835), 431.
_See also_ Kitchen Cabinet.

Lexington, Ky., greeting of Jackson, 246.

_Lexington Observer_, on Bank veto, 221.

Linn, L. F., and expunging censure, 465, 470.

Livingston, Cora, as belle, 23, 406;
marriage, and Jackson, 406, 478.

Livingston, Edward, and Webster-Hayne debate, 93, 99;
Crawford investigation, 108;
selection as Secretary of State, 127;
and Berrien, 129;
career and character, 133-36;
Code, 135;
Clay and confirmation, 182;
and Bank issue, 207, 212, 215, 216;
and Bank veto, 219;
and Anti-Masons, 237;
Nullification Proclamation, 257-60;
and Webster’s attitude on Nullification, 274;
French mission, 287;
and removal of deposits, 293;
and Spoliation Claims, 386, 390, 391, 394, 395, 398;
leaves France, 406;
ovation on return, 407;
and message on crisis, 409.

Livingston, Mrs. Edward, as social leader, 22;
and Jackson, 478.

Livingston Code, 135.

Locofocos, and Van Buren, 452.

Lodge, H. C., on Webster-Hayne debate, 97;
on Webster and Jackson, 277.

Louis Philippe, and Spoliation Claims, 390, 391.

Louisiana, Bank and election (1834), 356.

McDuffie, George, and Ingham, 43;
as Opposition leader, 177, 285;
career and character, 191-93;
tariff report and speech, 189, 193;
and Bank issue, 211;
Bank recharter bill, 214, 215;
and Nullification, 253;
and Nullification Proclamation, 265;
public harangues on deposits, 330;
and deposits question in House, 343-45, 348.

McLane, Louis, and Treasury portfolio (1829), 42, 43;
on Branch, 44;
English mission, 50;
and Attorney-Generalship, 125;
selection as Secretary of the Treasury, 127, 128;
West Indian trade negotiations, 178;
tariff report, 189, 193;
public lands report, 196;
Bank report, 208, 210;
and Bank issue, 207, 209, 210, 212, 216;
transfer to State portfolio, 287;
and removal of deposits,
question of resignation, 290 _n._, 292, 293,
296, 297, 300, 303, 305, 309;
resigns, 359.

McLane, Mrs. Louis, as social leader, 23;
and Mrs. Eaton, 131;
and Jackson, 478.

McLean, John, treachery to Adams, 35;
selection as Postmaster-General, 44;
and proscriptions, transfer to Supreme Court, 49;
and presidential candidacy, 423, 432.

Macomb, Alexander, and Kendall, 148.

Madison, James, on Livingston Code, 135;
and tariff, 188.

Maine, H. J. S., on Livingston Code, 135.

Mangum, W. P., and Bank, 211 _n._;
and Force Bill, 271;
Poindexter investigation, 382;
and French crisis, 396;
electoral vote for, 433, 454.

March, C. W., on Webster-Hayne debate, 97.

Marcy, W. L., and tariff, 195;
and Bank, 318.

Marryat, Frederick, on Washington, 6;
on Capital’s social charm, 19.

Marshall, John, and Fanny Kemble, 16;
and Mrs. Livingston, 22;
on Berrien, 60;
on Livingston Code, 135;
and tariff, 188;
and Nullification Proclamation, 260;
and Taney, 440;
Jackson and memorial, 440.

Martineau, Harriet, on Washington, 2;
on the avenues, 6;
on Senate, 9;
lionized, 13;
on Washington life, 20;
on statesmen in society, 24;
on Kendall, 150;
and assassination conspiracy, 379.

Mason, Jeremiah, Hill episode, 202.

Massachusetts, in election of 1836, 433, 454.

_Mechanics’ Free Press_, in campaign of 1832, 248.

“Messes” at Washington, 12.

Mexico, relations with, 229.

Michigan, Cass’s services, 141.

“Millennium of the minnows,” 51, 130.

Mississippi, election (1834), 364.

Monroe, James, and Wirt and Jackson, 38;
and Jackson’s Florida operations, 78.

Moore, Gabriel, and Abolitionist petitions, 444 _n._

National Bank, Jacksonian hostility, first message on, 171, 201-04;
Hill-Mason episode, 202;
attitude of Administration on, as issue (1831), 204-09;
and warnings, overtures to Jackson, 204;
Clay forces recharter as issue, 207, 209;
subsidized press, 207, 228;
Administration and McLane favorable report, 208, 210;
problem of application for recharter, 209-12;
Whig leaders force application, 212-14;
recharter in Congress, 214, 215;
congressional investigation, results, 215, 216;
veto expected, 217;
Cabinet and veto, 217;
preparation of veto message, 218;
veto message as campaign appeal, its character, 219-21, 244;
its reception, 221;
excitement over question, 222;
veto before Congress, speeches, 222-26;
propaganda in campaign of 1832, 238-40;
Democratic campaign literature on, 243, 244, 248.
_See also_ Removal of deposits.

_National Gazette_, “Vindex” articles, 347;
and French crisis, 396;
on Fortifications Bill, 411.

_National Intelligencer_, in campaign of 1828, 32;
and Jackson retirement canard, 240;
and removal of deposits, 298;
and French crisis, 394, 395, 397, 411;
on Fortifications Bill, 414.

_National Journal_, in campaign of 1828, 32;
as Adams organ, 159.

National Republican Party. _See_ Whig Party.

_National Telegraph._ _See_ _United States Telegraph_.

Navy Department. _See_ Branch, John; Dickerson, Mahlon; Woodbury, Levi.

Negro colonization, use of public lands proceeds, 198, 199.

Nesselrode, Count, and _Globe_, 168.

New England, Jackson’s tour, 288-90.

_New Hampshire Patriot_, under Hill, 157;
in campaign of 1832, 243, 248, 249.
_See also_ Hill, Isaac.

New Jersey, and Van Buren, 182;
election (1834), 361.

New York, Anti-Masons in, 234;
coalition electoral ticket (1832), 236;
and Nullification, 263, 264;
election (1834), 361, 362;
and Democratic vice-presidential nomination (1835), 430, 431.

New York City, Jackson parade, 245;
Jackson in, 289;
Bank meeting, 316;
Bank harangues, 330;
Bank question in municipal election (1834), 354-56;
and French crisis, 407.

_New York Courier and Enquirer_, Van Buren organ,
and Jackson’s reëlection, 172;
attack on Bank, 203;
goes over to Bank, 208, 228;
and French crisis, 394.
_See also_ Webb, J. W.

_New York Evening Post_, and Bank, 239.

Newspapers, Washington correspondents, 16;
Senate’s rejection of nomination
of editors, 80;
Jackson and power, 81;
in campaign of 1828, 81;
establishment of Jackson organ, _Globe_, 158-61;
in Bank controversy, 207;
in campaign of 1832, 228, 242;
Bank controlled, 305;
in campaign of 1836, 451.

Nicholas, R. C., and Abolitionist petitions, 444 _n._

Niles, J. M., and expunging censure, 464.

_Niles’ Register_, on Bank and depression, 312, 341;
on Whigs, 357.

Noah, M. M., pre-inaugural conferences, 39;
rejection by Senate, career, 82;
reappointment, confirmation, 86;
and attack on Bank, 203.

Nullification, and Webster-Hayne debate, 97-99;
Jefferson’s Birthday dinner, Jackson’s Union toast, 100-03;
and reorganized Cabinet, 130;
Nullifiers and support of Clay (1832), 231-33;
denounced by Jacksonians, 233;
Jackson and anticipated, 252;
growth of South Carolina sentiment, 253;
Calhoun’s Exposition, 253;
Calhoun’s letter to Hamilton, 254;
Unionists, Poinsett as Jackson’s agent, 254, 255;
Jackson’s preparation to combat, 255;
Jackson’s desire for peaceful settlement, 256-58, 68;
annual message on, 257;
preparation of Jackson’s Proclamation, 257-59;
his intention to punish, 259, 269, 273, 277, 279;
character of Proclamation, 260, 263;
Webster’s attitude and speech, 260, 273-77;
Clay’s political play, 261, 264, 270, 280;
attitude of Virginia, Clay’s intrigue, Cass’s letter, 261-63;
Virginia commissioner to South Carolina, 262, 284;
Van Buren and attitude of New York, 263, 264;
South Carolina and Proclamation, 265;
Calhoun’s journey to Washington and senatorial oath, 266, 267;
Administration’s tariff bill, 267;
armed preparations, 268;
Jackson’s special message, reception, 268, 269;
Force Bill, 269;
Calhoun’s resolutions, 269;
debate in Senate, 270-72;
Calhoun’s speech, 274;
union of Jackson’s opponents, 277, 285;
origin of compromise tariff, 277-81;
compromise bill, Clayton’s amendments, 281-84;
passage of Force Bill, 282;
Ordinance rescinded, 284;
and origin of Whigs, 285;
Georgia and, 388.

Octagon House, 8 _n._

Offices. _See_ Civil service.

Ohio, in election of 1836, 431.

O’Neal, Margaret. _See_ Eaton, Mrs. J. H.

Opera, in Washington, 28.

Oregon, Jackson’s attitude, 390, 480.

Otis, H. G., on Clay’s tariff speech, 188;
denounces Abolitionists, 434.

Pageot, Alphonse, American marriage and Spoliation Claims, 398, 407, 409.

Parton, James, on Barry, 62.

Patent Office, visitors and, 8.

Patronage. _See_ Civil service.

Penn, Shadrach, attacks on, 147.

Pennsylvania, tariff and election of 1832, 185, 188;
and Bank as issue, 209;
election of 1834, 361.

Peyton, Balie, Whitney affair, 459;
and expunging censure, 470.

Philadelphia, Jackson in, 289;
Bank harangues, 330;
election riots, 363;
and French crisis, 407.

_Philadelphia Standard_, and Bank, 239.

Pinckney, William, peculation, dismissal, 75 _n._

_Pittsburgh Statesman_, in campaign of 1832, 247.

Pleasants, J. H., and Nullifiers and Clay, 232, 262.

Poindexter, George, on Blair, 164;
and Bank, 211 _n._, 217;
and Force Bill, 272, 276;
as leader of Opposition, 285;
public harangues on deposits, 330;
on Jackson’s Protest, 339;
defeat, 365;
and assassination conspiracy, 378, 379, 382;
career and character, relations with Jackson, 379-82;
on evils of patronage, 384.

Poinsett, J. R., and opposition to Nullification, 254, 255, 268, 269;
later career, 285, 473.

Political parties, beginning of basis in policies, 64, 65, 67.

Polk, J. K., and White, 128;
as Jacksonian leader, 177;
and Bank, 232;
in debate on deposits, 344, 345;
report on deposits, 348;
and White’s candidacy, 426;
Speakership contests, 429, 439.

Poore, B. P., on Washington morals, 19;
on Berrien, 60;
on Mrs. Eaton, 117;
on McDuffie, 192;
on Jackson and Calhoun, 279.

Porter, Alexander, and Abolitionist petitions, 444 _n._

Porter, P. B., and defeat (1828), 35.

Post-Office Department, head made Cabinet officer, 44;
corruption, investigation,
reorganization, 183, 369, 371-74;
Kendall’s reforms, 374-76;
exclusion of Abolitionist mail, 435, 445.
_See also_ Barry, W. T.

Pozzo di Borgo, Count, and Spoliation Claims, 390.

Prentice, G. D., and Shadrach Penn, 147.

Prentiss, Samuel, as orator, 173;
appearance, 321.

Preston, W. C., and Harriet Martineau, 14;
and Nullification, 253;
on Nullification Proclamation, 265;
as leader of Opposition, 285;
Bank leader, 319;
character, 320;
public harangues on deposits, 330;
speech on censure, 332;
confidence in Bank’s victory, 332;
and Post-Office corruption, 369;
and expunging censure, 370, 463, 464;
and pictures for White House, 385;
and French crisis, 397 _n._;
and Fortifications Bill, 412;
and Abolitionist petitions, 444 _n._;
and Abolitionist mail, 445.

Public debt, and tariff bill (1832), 185-87;
Bank and extinguishment, 304;
celebration of extinguishment, 384.

Public lands, Benton’s gradation policy, 196;
Clay’s attitude, effect in West, 196;
Administration’s distribution policy, 197;
Clay’s report, 197;
recommittal, Benton’s report, 198;
pocket veto of Clay’s bill, 286.

Quincy, Josiah, and Cora Livingston, 23, 406;
on Calhoun, 91;
on McDuffie, 192.

Rance, M., and Spoliation Claims, 406.

Randolph, John, “mess,” 12;
and Mrs. Livingston, 22;
defeat by Tyler, 78, 79;
Crawford investigation, 108;
on Hardin, 402.

Red Fox, nickname for Van Buren, 40.

Removal of deposits, origin of plan, 289-92;
Bank’s relations with Opposition, 291, 324;
attitude of Van Buren and Cabinet, 292, 295, 299-301, 303, 305, 309;
political basis of removal, 292, 294;
question of recess removal, 293, 297;
Duane’s attitude, 295, 303;
Kendall’s sounding of State banks, 296-98, 302;
warnings to and by Bank, 297, 298;
Taney as advocate of removal, 301, 306;
determined upon, 302;
Cabinet paper on reasons, 303-05;
Bank and extinguishment of public debt, 304;
Biddle’s control of Bank. 305;
Bank’s subsidized press, 305;
removal announced, 306;
Duane’s recalcitrance and dismissal, 306-09;
Bank memorial to Congress, 309;
curtailment and depression to force recharter, 310-15;
distress petitions, Jackson and, 315-17;
business reaction against Bank, 317-19, 329, 341, 352;
controversy in Congress, leaders there, 319-21;
Jackson’s papers as appeal to public, 322;
Senate and depository banks, 322;
Senate and Cabinet paper, 323;
Senate’s rejection of Government Bank directors, 324;
legal basis of opposition to removal, 325;
resolution to censure Jackson, 325;
public interest in senatorial debate, 326;
distress petitions before Congress, 327, 328;
counter-petitions, 328, 329;
political stimulation of excitement, 330, 350;
debate on censure, 330-32;
confidence of Opposition, 332;
Clay’s selfish attitude, 332, 335, 366;
Webster’s compromise recharter measure, 333-35;
Van Buren and Clay’s histrionics, 335-37;
passage of censure, 337;
Jackson’s Protest, 338, 339;
debate on Protest, 339-42;
House measures and debate on removal, 342-49;
attack on Hopkinson’s Bank connection, 347;
House committee to investigate Bank, frustration, 349, 350;
Senate resolution ordering restoration of deposits, 350;
Taney’s special report on finances, publicity, 350-52;
question in spring elections (1834), 354-57;
in fall elections, 358, 361-67;
Whig warnings against further contractions, 360;
mistakes in Whig methods, 366, 367;
revelations through Jackson’s method of attack, 367;
fall of Bank, 368; influence and lesson of battle, 368;
expunging censure, 368-41, 441-43, 461-71.
_See also_ National Bank.

Revenue, proposed reduction and distribution, 383.

Rhode Island, Bank and election (1834), 356.

_Richmond Whig_, on Jackson and Marshall, 440.
_See also_ Pleasants, J. H.

Rigny, Comte de, and Spoliation Claims, 394.

Ringgold, Tench, on Calhoun and Jackson, 103.

Rip Raps, Jackson at, 296, 299.

Ritchie, Thomas, on Calhoun, 89 _n._;
and
Jackson organ, 159;
in campaign of 1832, 240;
and Nullification, 261, 262;
on Duane, 288;
and removal of deposits, 299;
on Whig Party, 358;
in election of 1834, 363, 364;
and vice-presidential candidates (1835), 430;
on Senators and instructions to expunge, 442.

Rives, J. C., and message on French crisis, 392.

Rives, W. C., and Senate, 261;
and Force Bill, 271;
speech on censure, 332;
and vice-presidential nomination, 430, 431;
and expunging censure, 464.

Roads, condition, to Washington, 1.

Robertson, J., peculation, dismissal, 75 _n._

Robinson, J. M., and Bank, 211 _n._

Rockingham Memorial, 94.

Roenne, Baron von, as social leader, 27.

Rogerson, Asa, peculation, dismissal, 75 _n._

Rucker, E., in Democratic Convention, 430.

“Ruckerize,” origin of word, 430.

Rush, Richard, and defeat (1828), 35;
report on public lands, 196.

St. John’s Church, 8.

_St. Louis Republican_, on Bank and depression, 341.

Sargent, Nathan, on Washington streets, 7;
on McLean and justiceship, 49.

Schaaf, Arthur, on Eaton-Ingham affair, 132.

Scott, Winfield, and Nullification, 255, 273.

Sectionalism, Tyler’s attitude, 78;
Calhoun’s efforts (1836), 443-48.
_See also_ Nullification.

Seminole campaign, criticism of Jackson, 78;
and Jackson-Calhoun break, 103-06, 110-15.

Senate, chamber, women visitors, 9.
_See also_ Congress.

Sergeant, John, and Bank recharter application, 213;
on union against Jackson, 277;
and Webster’s compromise recharter measure, 334;
and House investigation committee, 349.

Serurier, Comte, and Spoliation Claims, recall, 395, 398, 405, 411.

Seward, W. H., and Nullification, 264.

Shepard, E. M., biography of Van Buren, 53.

Slavery, Tyler and territorial, 78.
_See also_ Abolitionists.

Slaves, in Washington, 11.

Smith, Margaret B., on Harriet Martineau in Washington, 14;
on Mrs. Livingston, 22;
on defeat of Adams, 35, 36;
on office-holders and Jackson, 40;
on inauguration of Jackson, 47, 48;
on Webster-Hayne debate, 98;
on Mrs. Eaton, 120, 130.

Smith, Nathan, Poindexter investigation, 382.

Smith, Samuel, and Bank recharter as issue, 211.

Society in Washington and celebrities, 13-15;
strenuousness, 20;
fashions, 20;
brilliance, 21;
leaders, 22-24;
character, statesmen in, 24;
gossip, 25;
gallantry, 25;
evening parties, dancing, 25;
diplomatists as leaders, 27;
assemblies, 28;
other amusements, 28;
on Sunday, 29.

South Carolina, in election of 1832, 251;
of 1836, 454.
_See also_ Nullification.

Southard, S. L., and defeat (1828), 35;
on Jackson’s Protest, 340;
patronage inquiry, 383.

Sparks, W. H., on Poindexter, 380.

Sprague, Peleg, on Jackson’s Protest, 340;
and French crisis, 396.

State Department, museum, 8.
_See also_ Foreign relations; Forsyth, John;
Livingston, Edward; McLane, Louis; Van Buren, Martin.

Stevenson, Andrew, and Bank, recharter, 214;
rejection for English mission, 352;
in Baltimore Convention, 430.

Stevenson, Mrs. Andrew, and Mrs. Livingston, 22;
as social leader, 23.

Story, Joseph, and Harriet Martineau, 14;
and Fanny Kemble, verses, 16;
on Mrs. Livingston, 22;
in society, 24;
on isolation of Adams, 46;
on Calhoun, 90 _n._;
on Livingston Code, 135;
on Nullification Proclamation, 260;
and legal phase of removal of deposits, 325;
on French crisis, 393.

Streets, condition of Washington, 4, 5, 7.

Suffrage, Van Buren’s attitude, 54;
extension and campaign of 1832, 242.

Sunday, in Washington, 29.

Supreme Court, chamber, aspect, 10;
appointment of McLean, 49;
Jackson’s attitude in Bank veto, 220;
Taney’s appointment, 440.

Surplus revenue, proposed distribution, 383.

Swanton, J. B., peculation, dismissal, 75 _n._

Swartwout, Samuel, as office-seeker, 69;
on Bank, 312.

Tallmadge, N. P., and Abolitionist mail bill, 448.

Taney, R. B., selection as Attorney-General, 129;
career and character, 136-40;
and War of 1812, 136;
Abolitionist case, 138;
hostility to Bank, 210, 218;
and Bank veto, 219;
and removal of deposits, 292, 293, 294, 299, 301, 306;
and Cabinet paper on removal, 305;
and dismissal of Duane, 309;
special report on finances, 350;
rejected by Senate as Secretary of the Treasury, 352;
confirmed as Chief Justice, 440;
and Farewell Address, 472.

Tariff, Jackson’s attitude, 171;
Clay’s plan (1832), 185-87;
Clay’s speech, 187;
Tyler’s Southern warning, 188;
McDuffie’s report and speech, 189, 193;
Administration measure, 193;
Adams’s report and bill, 193;
conference bill, 194, 195;
failure as issue, 195;
of 1828 and 1832 and Nullification, 253;
Administration bill (1833), 267;
origin of compromise bill, 277-81;
provisions of compromise, Nullifiers and Clayton’s amendments, 281-84.

Tayloe, B. O., and W. H. Harrison, 14 _n._

Tayloe, Mrs. B. O., and Harriet Martineau, 14;
as social leader, 24.

Tayloe, John, residence, 8.