Chapter XX

ROBERT STEPHENSON'S VICTORIA BRIDGE, LOWER CANADA--ILLNESS AND
DEATH--THE STEPHENSON CHARACTERISTICS.

Robert Stephenson's gradual Retirement from the profession
of Engineer.--His Tubular Bridge over the Nile.--Railways
in Canada.--Proposed Bridge at Montreal.--A Tubular Bridge
proposed.--Robert Stephenson appointed Engineer.--Design of the
Victoria Bridge.--The Piers.--Getting in of the Foundations.--Progress
of the Works.--Erection of the Tubes.--Scene at the breaking-up
of the Ice in 1858.--The Night-work.--Erection of main
central Tube.--Completion of the Works.--Robert Stephenson in
Parliament.--His Opinion of the Suez Canal.--His Honors.--Launch
of the Great Eastern.--Last Illness and Death.--The Stephenson
Characteristics.--Conclusion. 474

INDEX 497

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE

Portrait of George Stephenson
_to face Title Page._

Portrait of Trevithick 46

Tyne Coal-staith 49

Flange-rail 50

Cugnot's Steam-carriage 62

Murdock's Model Locomotive 66

Symington's Model Steam-carriage 69

Oliver Evans's Model Locomotive 71

Trevithick's Tram-engine 81

High-Level Bridge, Newcastle 96

Map of Newcastle District 98

Wylam 103

High-Street House, Wylam 104

Colliery Wagons 110

Newburn 111

Colliery Gin 120

Stephenson's Cottage at Willington
Quay 121

Stephenson's Signature 123

West Moor Colliery 127

Killingworth High Pit 136

Glebe Farm-house, Benton 137

Rutter's School-house at Long Benton 140

Bruce's School, Newcastle 142

Stephenson's Cottage, West Moor 146

Sun-dial, Killingworth 149

Colliers' Cottages, Long Benton 151

Blenkinsop's Leeds Engine 155

The Wylam Engine 160

Spur-gear 164

Killingworth Locomotive (Section) 168

Colliery Whimsey 174

Pit-head, West Moor 177

Davy's and Stephenson's Safety-lamps 187

Literary and Philosophical Institute,
Newcastle 189

The Stephenson Tankard 197

Half-lap Joint 200

Old Killingworth Locomotive 201

West Moor Pit, Killingworth 214

Portrait of Edward Pease 223

Map of Stockton and Darlington
Railway 224

Opening of Stockton and Darlington
Railway 238

The First Railway Coach 241

No. 1 Engine at Darlington 244

Middlesborough-on-Tees 246

Map of Liverpool and Manchester
Railway 250-1

Surveying on Chat Moss 264

Olive Mount Cutting 291

Sankey Viaduct 292

Baiting-place at Sankey 296

Chat Moss--Works in progress 299

Robert Stephenson's Cottage at Santa
Anna 306

The "Rocket" 321

Locomotive Competition at Rainhill 324

Railway _versus_ Road 328

Map of Leicester and Swannington
Railway 343

Alton Grange 346

Portrait of Robert Stephenson 348

Map of London and Birmingham
Railway 354

Blisworth Cutting 355

Shafts, Kilsby Tunnel 357

Kilsby Tunnel (North end) 363

Dutton Viaduct 366

Littleborough Tunnel (West entrance) 368

Littleborough Tunnel (Walsden end) 369

Map of Midland Railway 370

Land-slip, Ambergate 372

Bull Bridge 373

Coalville and Snibston Colliery 391

Tapton House 392

Lime-works, Ambergate 394

Forth-Street Works, Newcastle 396

Claycross Works 420

Newcastle from High-Level Bridge 421

Royal Border Bridge, Berwick 430

Elevation and Plan of Arch, High-Level
Bridge 436

Railway at Penmaen Mawr 440

Map of Menai Strait 442

Construction of Britannia Tube on
Staging 450

Conway Bridge 451

Menai Bridge 457

Floating First Tube, Conway Bridge 459

View in Tapton Gardens 460

Footpath to Tapton House 465

Trinity Church, Chesterfield 471

Tablet in Trinity Church 473

Victoria Bridge, Montreal 474

Elevation of Pier, Victoria Bridge 478

Works in Progress, Victoria Bridge 480

Erection of the Main Central Tube,
Victoria Bridge 483

Stephenson Memorial Schools, Willington 496

EARLY INVENTORS IN LOCOMOTION.

EARLY INVENTORS IN LOCOMOTION.