Chapter X (1)

1681-1683.—George Fox answers two envious books written
abroad—writes to magistrates to persuade them to
moderation—writes to the Quarterly Meetings—attends the judges
at Chambers, respecting a tithe-suit against himself and his
wife—George Fox had bound himself not to intermeddle with his
wife’s estate—this is shown to the judges in court, at which
they wonder—his counsel thereon founds an argument in his
favour—he again writes against the spirit of strife and
division in the church—writes to the magistrates who had
illegally condemned Friends upon _ex-parte_ evidence—writes
two papers respecting the choice of sheriffs—Friends are
interrupted at Gracechurch Street Meeting by a civil and
military force—George Fox writes divers books and papers in
support and defence of the Truth—the Spirit of God directed to
as the rule to distinguish between Truth and error, whereby
the evil of persecution may be avoided—an epistle to encourage
Friends under their sufferings, both from the outward powers,
and from false brethren—the laws are now more strictly
enforced against Dissenters—an epistle to Friends, commending
them to the power of God in themselves—writes to Friends
imprisoned at Denbigh, to console them in their sufferings,
and exhorting them to faithfulness—Friends are kept out of
their meeting-houses, and fined for speaking—a Friend is
speedily restored from a sudden illness, in a remarkable
manner, through the prayers of George Fox—persecution is now
hot, and George Fox writes to Friends not to risk the loss of
other people’s goods through their sufferings.

About this time I received two very envious books, written against Truth and Friends; one of them by a doctor (so called) of Bremen, in Germany, the other by a priest of Dantzic. They were both full of gross falsehoods, and reproachful slanders. I found it upon me to answer them both; and that I might not be much interrupted therein by other business and company, I went to KINGSTON-UPON-THAMES, where I wrote an answer to each of them; and also to some other scandalous papers which had been printed and scattered about to misrepresent Friends.

While I was there I wrote also the following paper, to persuade the magistrates to moderation towards Dissenters, and take off their edge to persecution. That it should have its full service, I directed it—

“_To all the Rulers, Magistrates, and Law-makers in England,
Scotland, and Ireland, from the highest to the lowest; and to
all other Magistrates everywhere, in that which is called
Christendom; desiring their health, peace, tranquillity, life,
and salvation in Christ Jesus, the Lord of Glory, and Lamb of
God, who takes away the sins of the world, who is the King of
kings, and Lord of lords, to whom all power in heaven and in
earth is given; and who will reward every man according to his
words and works._

“You that bear the name of Christian magistrates, my desire is,
that you may all be found in Christ; and not only have the name,
but be made partakers of his divine nature; that ye may be not
only sayers, but doers of the word; not only professors and
talkers of Christ, but letting him rule in your hearts by faith,
and be walkers in Christ. For as his great apostle saith, ‘As
every one hath received the Lord Jesus Christ, so let him walk in
him; for in him there is peace.’ If all that profess Christ, did
walk in Christ, they would walk in peace, and be in unity; for the
apostle exhorted the Christians in his day to keep the unity of
the Spirit; which is the bond of peace, yea, of Christ the King of
kings’ peace. All Christians, who have the Scriptures, and are not
in this Spirit of Christ, are not in unity one with another; and
so have broken this bond of peace, which should knit and unite
them together. Likewise all that profess the truth of Christ,
should live in it; for it is peaceable, and the gospel is the
gospel of peace; which, if all Christians lived in, they would be
at peace one with another, and in the glorious fellowship of the
gospel. And if all Christians kept in the fear of God, which is
the beginning of the pure, heavenly peaceable, and gentle wisdom,
which is easy to be entreated (above that wisdom which is earthly,
sensual, devilish, and destroying), there would be no difference
and destroying about matters of religion.

“I do declare the mighty day of the Lord is come and coming; and
the Lord God is come to teach his people himself by his Son, Heb.
i., who bruises the serpent’s head, that false teacher, that led
Adam and Eve from God their Teacher. God will teach his people by
his Son, who was the Teacher of Adam and Eve in paradise, before
they fell and disobeyed the Lord, forsook him, and followed the
serpent; whose head Christ bruises, and renews man and woman up
again into the image of God, which Adam and Eve were in before
they fell: glory and honour be to God through Jesus Christ, who
hath called us by his Son into his glorious image, to serve and
worship him in Spirit and truth; which Holy Spirit and truth the
devil is out of, and into which he cannot come.

“I desire all Christian magistrates to take heed of persecuting
any, though they differ from you in matters of faith, worship, and
religion. For Christ saith, ‘Let the tares and the wheat grow
together till the harvest:’ and he forbade such as would be
plucking up tares: the reason was, ‘lest they should pluck up the
wheat also;’ for Christ said, it should be his angels’ work, to
separate the tares from the wheat. Moreover, Christ said, they
should go into everlasting punishment that did not visit him in
prison in his members; then what will become of them that cast him
into prison, where he is made manifest in his members! O, lay
these things to heart! A day of judgment will come, vengeance and
recompense upon every one according to his works.

“To those disciples who would have had fire to come down from
heaven to consume them that would not receive them, Christ turned
him about, rebuked them, and told them, ‘they knew not what spirit
they were of; for he came not to destroy men’s lives, but to save
them.’

“Therefore let all magistrates and priests in that which is called
Christendom, consider who have destroyed men’s lives since the
apostles’ days, because they could not receive the religions,
ways, and worships which they have made and set up: have they
known what spirit they have been of? Are they not all reproved by,
and come under the judgment of Christ? Therefore let all
persecution be laid aside concerning religion; let love bear the
sway, to overcome evil and enemies; and let patience oversway
passion in all, that all may retain the heavenly reason, and the
pure understanding,—that your moderation in true Christianity may
be known to all men. For have you not the Turks, Jews, Tartars,
Indians, and atheists’ eyes upon you, and upon Christendom?
Therefore be in unity, and let not the name of God and Christ be
blasphemed amongst them by means of any that bear the name of
Christians. So God may be glorified by all and in all, through
Jesus Christ, who is over all, who calls all to peace, and is
blessed for ever.

“I would have you to be as noble as the Bereans, and search the
Scriptures of Christ and the apostles. Where did he or they give
any command to imprison, banish, persecute, or put to death, any
that would not receive or conform to them, or that were
contrary-minded to them in religion, or differed from them in
matters of worship?

“Again, I desire all Christian magistrates to search both
Scriptures and Chronicles, and see what was the end of all
persecutors, and what judgments came upon them. What came to Cain,
who was the first persecutor for matters of faith and sacrifice?
Did not he become a vagabond and a fugitive in the earth? What
became of the old world, that grieved God, and Noah, a preacher of
righteousness? What became of Sodom, that vexed just Lot? What
became of Pharaoh, that persecuted God’s people in Egypt (though
the more he persecuted them the more they grew?) What became of
Ahab and Jezebel, that persecuted the Lord’s prophets? And what
became of Haman, that would have destroyed the Jews? What became
of the Jews and Jerusalem, that persecuted Christ and the
apostles? What was the end of all these? Are they not become
vagabonds in the earth, and driven away from their native country?
Therefore I beseech you in the love and fear of God, be so noble
as to search both Scripture and history, and let not your divine
understanding be clouded. What will become of the beast and whore
spoken of in the Revelations, with their false prophets, that have
drunk the blood of the saints, martyrs, and prophets of Jesus?
Must they not all go with the devil, who is a murderer, destroyer,
and adversary of mankind, into the lake of fire, that burns with
brimstone? And ye may be sure that spirit that stirs you up to
persecution, let it be in whomsoever it will, is not of Christ,
and of his lamb-like nature; who takes away the sins of the world,
not the lives of men.

“Paul was a persecutor, and a haler to prison, before he was
converted to Christianity; but never after. And therefore, are not
all in Saul’s nature, let them be of what name or profession
soever, that are persecutors, and unconverted into Paul’s life of
Christianity? He said, the life that he lived after he was
converted, was ‘by the faith of the Son of God;’ and that he
lived, yet not he, but ‘Christ lived in him,’ who came to save
men’s lives, and not to destroy them. This life should be the life
of all Christians now, which Paul in his converted state lived in.
And the apostle saith, ‘The law is good if a man use it lawfully;
knowing this, that the law is not made for a righteous man, but
for the lawless and disobedient, for the ungodly, and for sinners,
for unholy and profane, for murderers of fathers and murderers of
mothers, for manslayers, for whoremongers, for them that defile
themselves with mankind, for men-stealers, for liars, and for
perjured persons,’ 1 Tim. i. 8-10. So the law, in its place, is
good against such.

“Again the apostle says, ‘The law was added because of
transgression,’ Gal. iii. 19. Here all magistrates may see what
the law in its place is good against; what it was made for and
against; and what evils, the apostle says, it takes hold of. He
does not say the law should be laid upon men that differed from
them in their religion and judgment, nor upon righteous men. So
you may see in what condition the law is good, and what it was
made against; not against righteous men, against whom ye have
nothing in their lives and conversations, only because they differ
from you in matters of religion; letting manslayers, whoremongers,
perjured persons, ungodly, profane persons, liars, &c., go
unpunished; such do not use, nor execute the law lawfully, as the
apostle says, ‘The law is good, if a man use it lawfully.’
Therefore it ought to be used lawfully; which law, the apostle
says, ‘is for the punishment of evil-doers, and a praise for them
that do well;’ as may be seen, Rom. xiii. So, as the apostle said,
‘We do not break the law, nor make it void; but we establish the
law,’ (Rom. iii. 31.)

“This is from him who desires the eternal good and salvation of
you all in Christ Jesus. Amen.”

G. F.

Kingston-upon-Thames, the 4th of the 1st Month, 1680-1.

After I had finished these services I returned to LONDON, where I stayed about a month, labouring amongst Friends in the work of the Lord, both in public meetings for worship, and in those relating to the outward affairs of the church. Then feeling my spirit drawn to visit Friends about Enfield, I went to WALTHAM ABBEY, where I had a very precious meeting; and another at FLAMSTEAD HEATH. Having spent some time among Friends thereabouts, and had divers good meetings at EDMONTON, ENFIELD, WINCHMORE-HILL, and other places, I came back to LONDON a little before the Yearly Meeting, which was in the 3rd month, 1681. It was a very precious time, in which the glorious presence and power of the Lord was eminently felt and enjoyed.

Some time after the Yearly Meeting it came upon me to write the following epistle:—

“_To the Men’s and Women’s Quarterly Meetings that are gathered in
the name and power of Jesus._”

“Christ, the second Adam, who is both Head and Husband of his
church, the Redeemer, Purchaser, Saviour, Sanctifier, and
Reconciler of his sons and daughters (his church) to God, I say,
his presence (to wit, Christ’s) feel among you, to exercise his
prophetical office, in opening you with his light, grace, truth,
power, and Spirit; and to exercise his office, as he is a Bishop,
to oversee you with his light, grace, power, and Spirit, that ye
do not go astray from God. And as Christ is a Shepherd, feel, see,
and hear him exercising that office, who laid down his life for
his sheep, feeding them in his living pastures of life, and making
them to drink of his living, eternal springs. Let Him rule and
govern in your hearts, as he is King, that his heavenly and
spiritual government all may live under, as true subjects of his
righteous, peaceable kingdom, which stands in righteousness,
peace, joy in the Holy Ghost, over Satan and his power, and all
unrighteousness. So all ye subjects to Christ’s kingdom of peace,
if ye want wisdom, or knowledge, life, or salvation, Christ is the
treasure; feel Him the treasure among you. And all, as ye have
received Christ, walk in him, in whom ye have peace; who bruises
the head of the serpent, the author of all strife, distraction,
and confusion: yea, you have peace with God, and one with another,
though the trouble be from the world and the world’s spirit.

“Therefore, my dear Friends, brethren and sisters, love one
another with the love that is of God shed in your hearts; that ye
may bear the marks of Christ’s disciples, and it may appear that
Christ is in you, and ye in Him; so that God Almighty may be
glorified among you. Whatever ye do, let it be done in the name of
Jesus, to the praise of God the Father, keeping in unity in the
Holy Spirit of God, which was before the unholy spirit was: which
Holy Spirit is your bond of peace, yea, the Holy King of kings’
and Lord of lords’ peace. And in this holy, pure Spirit is your
eternal unity and fellowship; in which ye serve and worship the
God of Truth, who is over all, blessed for ever, Amen. So the Lord
guide you all with his Word of patience, life, power, and wisdom,
in all your actions, lives, conversations, and meetings, to God’s
glory. My love to you all in the Lord Jesus Christ, by whom all
things were made, and who is over all, the First and the Last.”

G. F.

London, the 9th of the 4th Month, 1681.

About this time I had occasion to go to several of the judges’ chambers upon a suit about tithes. For my wife and I and several other Friends, were sued in Cartmel-Wapentake Court in Lancashire, for small tithes, and we had demurred to the jurisdiction of that court. Whereupon the plaintiff prosecuted us in the Exchequer Court at Westminster, where they run us up to a writ of rebellion, for not answering the bill upon oath; and got an order of court to the sergeant, to take me and my wife into custody. This was a little before the Yearly Meeting, at which time it was thought they would have taken me up; and according to outward appearance, it was likely, and very easy for him to have done it, lodging at the places where I used to do, and being very public in meetings. But the Lord’s power was over them, and restrained them; so that they did not take me. Yet understanding there was a warrant out against me, as soon as the Yearly Meeting was over, I took William Mead with me, and went to several of the judges’ chambers, to speak with them about it; and to let them understand both the state of the case, and the ground and reason of our refusing to pay tithes.

The first I went to was Judge Gregory, to whom I tendered mine and my wife’s answer to the plaintiff’s bill; in which was set forth, that she had lived three and forty years at Swarthmore, and in all that time there had been no tithe paid or demanded: and an old man, who had long been a tithe-gatherer, had made affidavit, that he never gathered tithe at Swarthmore-Hall in Judge Fell’s time, or since. There were many particulars in our answer, but it would not be accepted without an oath. I told the judge that both tithe and swearing among Christians came from the Pope, and it was matter of conscience to us not to pay tithes, nor to swear; for Christ bid his disciples, who had freely received, give freely; and he commanded them “not to swear at all.” The judge said, there was tithe paid in England before Popery was: I asked him by what law or statute they were paid then; but he was silent. Then I told him, there were eight poor men brought up to London out of the North about two hundred miles for small tithes, and one of them had no family but himself and his wife, and kept no living creature but a cat. I asked him also, whether they could take a man and his wife, and imprison them both for small tithes, and so destroy a family; and if they could, I desired to know by what law: he did not answer me, but only said, “that was a hard case.”

When I found there was no help to be had there, we left him, and went to Judge Montague’s chamber; and with him I had much discourse concerning tithes. Whereupon he sent for our adversary’s attorney; and when he came I offered him our answer. He said, if we would pay the charges of the court, and be bound to stand trial, and abide the judgment of the court, we should not have the oath tendered to us. I told him that they had brought those charges upon us, by requiring us to put in our answer upon oath; which they knew before we could not do for conscience’ sake; and as we could not pay any tithe nor swear, so neither should we pay any of their charges. Upon this he would not receive our answer. So we went from thence to Judge Atkyns’s chamber, and he being busy, we gave our answers and our reasons against tithes and swearing to his clerk; but neither could we find any encouragement from him to expect redress there. Wherefore leaving him we went to one of the most noted counsellors, and showed him the state of our case and our answers: he was very civil to us, and said, “this way of proceeding against us was somewhat like an inquisition.”

A few days after, those eight poor Friends that were brought up so far out of the North, appeared before the judges; and the Lord was with them, and his power was over the court, so that the Friends were not committed to the Fleet. Our cause was put off till the next term (called Michaelmas), and then it was brought before the four judges again. Then William Mead told the judges that I had engaged not to meddle with my wife’s estate. The judges could hardly believe that any man would do so: whereupon he showed them the writing under my hand and seal, at which they wondered. Then two of the judges and some of the lawyers stood up, and pleaded for me, that I was not liable to the tithes: but the other two judges and divers lawyers, pressed earnestly to have me sequestered; alleging that I was a public man. At length they prevailed with one of the other two judges to join with them; and then they granted a sequestration against me and my wife together. Thereupon, by advice of counsel, we moved for a limitation, which was granted, and that much defeated our adversary’s design in suing out the sequestration; for this limited the plaintiff to take no more than was proved. One of the judges, Baron Weston, was very bitter, and broke forth in a great rage against me in the open court; but shortly after he died.

After the Yearly Meeting, I tarried about a month in London; and then went into SUSSEX, to visit Friends there, amongst whom I had many large and very precious meetings in divers parts of that county. Yet I spent not much time now in Sussex, but returned pretty soon to LONDON, whither I felt drawings in spirit; and had very good service for the Lord there, both in public meetings and amongst Friends. When I had tarried some time in London, I went to EDMONTON; thence into BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, where I visited Friends at several meetings in that county: and then went by HENLEY to READING, where I tarried several meetings. I went no farther westward at this time than to OARE, where I had a very large meeting; after which, striking through the edge of OXFORDSHIRE, I had a large and very precious meeting at WARBOROUGH, in which the glory of the Lord shone over all. Many Friends came to it out of Berkshire, Buckinghamshire, and Hampshire.

Thence I passed to ILMER in the vale of Buckinghamshire, where we had a glorious meeting; and the day following I returned to Mary Penington’s, visiting the men’s and women’s monthly meetings at HUNGER-HILL, and some other meetings thereabouts; and then passed to WATFORD, where was a marriage of two Friends, at which I was present. A very large meeting we had on that occasion, and the Lord’s power was over all. I went from Watford to LONGFORD in MIDDLESEX, visiting Friends at UXBRIDGE in the way. At Longford we had a large meeting on First-day, and the presence of the Lord was preciously felt amongst us; blessed be his name! I passed from Longford to KINGSTON, visiting Friends as I went, at STAINES and SUNBURY. At Kingston I abode with Friends two meetings, wherein we were sweetly refreshed together in the Lord. Passing thence towards London, I had a very precious meeting at WANDSWORTH: then crossing over to HAMMERSMITH, I had a good meeting there, which was larger on account of a burial; and there being openness in the people, I had a fine opportunity to open the way of truth amongst them.

After I was come to LONDON, I was moved to write the following paper, concerning that spirit which had led some, who professed truth, into strife and division, and to oppose the way and work of the Lord:—

“FRIENDS,

“You that keep your habitations in the truth, that is over all,
see that it is the same spirit that leads the back-sliders and
apostates now, from the spiritual fellowship and unity of God’s
people, and the church of Christ, that led Adam and Eve from God,
and the Jews from God and his law, to rebel against his Spirit.
This spirit is the same that was in the world, which got into the
Jews, when they were gone from the Spirit of God; and then they
turned against God and his prophets, and against Christ and his
apostles. This spirit led them to be as bad as Pilate, or worse.
The enmity or adversary got within them against the truth, and
them that walked in it, and the Spirit of the Lord; so that they
killed and destroyed the Just. This was the spirit of the devil,
the destroyer, who sought not only to destroy the truth, but the
order of it, and them that walked in it, when true Christianity
was planted among the possessors of the light, grace, and truth,
and the holy gospel faith and Spirit, who enjoyed Christ in their
hearts. But when some began to err from the Spirit and faith, to
hate the light, disobey the gospel, turn the grace of God into
wantonness, walk despitefully against the Spirit of Grace, turn
from the truth, crucify to themselves Christ afresh, and put him
to open shame; these were they, that let in the spirit of the
world; who held the form of godliness, but denied the power
thereof; and troubled the churches in the apostles’ days. When the
spirit of Satan had got into such, they were more troublesome to
the church than the open persecutors that were without: these got
into the assemblies to deceive the hearts of the simple, having
the good words, fair speeches, and sheep’s clothing. Paul, Peter,
John, Jude, and James had much to do with such, to keep them from
troubling the church of Christ; for they are out of the light,
power, and Spirit; therefore the apostles of Christ exhorted the
saints to keep to the Word of life within; to the anointing; to
the grace, truth, and Holy Spirit in their hearts. This foul
spirit will profess all the Scriptures in words; but by the Spirit
of God, which is holy, this spirit is tried, and its fruits. So
the apostates went from the power and Spirit of God, and turned
against the prophets, and the martyrs of Jesus; and became the
whore, whose cup all nations drank of. The dragon with his tail
threw down many of the stars, and would have devoured the woman
with his flood; but the woman, the true church, was preserved; for
the gates of hell cannot prevail against her; and then the dragon
made war with her seed. So the dragon, the whore, the beast, and
false prophets, all made war against the Lamb and the saints; but
the Lamb and the saints will overcome them all, and will have the
victory.

“And now the everlasting gospel is preached again to all nations,
tongues, and peoples; and many are gathered into the gospel, the
power of God, are turned to the light, which is the life in
Christ, are grafted into him, and are come to walk in the order of
the new covenant of light and life, in the gospel of peace and
salvation. The same spirit that opposed the apostles and the
churches in their days, opposes now; yea, it is the same that
opposed Christ, and disdained him, that disdaineth God’s servants
now. The same that opposed the prophets, and rebelled against
Moses, opposes and rebels against God’s servants and people now.
It is the same dark, blind, disobedient, faithless, wilful,
jealous spirit, that persecutes some with the hands, and others
with the tongue. It is the same spirit of enmity, the adversary
and destroyer, that tempted Adam and Eve to disobey God, and
deceived them; which deceived the Jews and tempted them, and
deceived all those that went from the church in the apostles’
days. And it is the same spirit that is now going about sometimes
like a roaring lion, sometimes like a twisting serpent to tempt,
to deceive, and to devour, in those who have fair speeches, good
words, and sheep’s clothing, in a form of godliness, and under
pretence of light and liberty, but who deny the power thereof, and
inwardly are ravening wolves; and if it were possible, they would
deceive the very elect. But the elect are in the covenant of light
and life, and in the power of God over them, and in Christ, who
will grind them to pieces; and will slay all his enemies with his
spiritual sword, who will not have him to rule over, or in them.

“In Christ all his people have rest and peace, who is their
sanctuary over all storms and tempests. In Christ, the sanctuary,
no deceiver nor destroyer can come; for he is a place of sweet
rest and safety. Hallelujah! praise the Lord for his sanctuary.
Amen.”

G.F.

Sufferings continuing severe upon Friends at LONDON, I found my service lay mostly there; wherefore I went but little out of town, and not far; being frequent at the most public meetings, to encourage Friends, both by word and example, to stand fast in the testimony to which God has called them. At other times I went about from house to house, visiting Friends that had their goods taken away for their testimony to truth. And because the wicked informers were grown very audacious, by reason that they had too much countenance and encouragement from some justices, who, trusting wholly to their information, proceeded against Friends without hearing them; whereby many were made to suffer, not only contrary to right, but even contrary to law also; I advised with some Friends about it; and we drew up a paper, which was delivered to most of the magistrates in and about the city; which was as follows:—

“Whereas informers have obtained warrants of some justices of
peace, who have convicted many of us without a hearing, or once
summoning us to appear before them; by which proceedings many have
had their goods seized and taken away, being generally fined ten
pounds each for an unknown speaker; and some of those persons so
fined, have not been at the meetings they were fined for; and the
speaker notwithstanding has himself been fined for the same
meeting, the same day the others were fined for the unknown
speaker. By this the justices may see the wickedness of these
informers, by whose false oaths we have been convicted for an
unknown preacher, when the preacher has been both known and fined.
Also in their swearing such persons to have been at such a meeting
such a day, when indeed they, whom they have so sworn against,
have not been at that meeting. By which proceedings several
families of the king’s peaceable subjects are likely to be ruined,
if a speedy stop be not put thereunto.

“Therefore we hope and desire, that you, the king’s justices, for
the time to come, when any informers shall come to any of you with
information against any of us, will summon such as are accused to
appear before you, and hear us and our accusers face to face; that
none for the time to come may suffer for that they are not guilty
of. For Pilate the governor heard Christ and his accusers, face to
face, before he condemned him, (John xix.) The council and chief
priests heard Stephen and his accusers, with the witnesses that
were brought against him, face to face, before they condemned him,
(Acts vii.) The Roman captain heard Paul and his accusers face to
face (Acts xxiii.) Felix the governor heard Paul, and Ananias the
high priest, and the elders that accused Paul, face to face (Acts
xxiv.) And when the high priests and chief of the Jews accused
Paul to Festus, he heard Paul and his accusers, and them that
witnessed against him, face to face (Acts xxv.) Doth the law of
God, or did the Roman law, or doth the law of the land judge any
man, before he and his accusers, and they that witness against
him, be heard face to face?”

This somewhat moderated the justices; and after this several Friends, that had been illegally prosecuted and fined, entered their appeals; and upon trial were acquitted, and the informers cast: which was a great discouragement to the informers, and some relief to Friends.

A little before the time for choosing new sheriffs for the city, they who put up to be chosen desiring our Friends to give their voices for them, I wrote a few lines, tending to discover what spirit they were of, and how they stood affected to true liberty; and it was by way of inquiry, thus:—

“Do any here in London, who stand to be chosen sheriffs, own that
Christ, that was crucified without the gates of Jerusalem, to be
the light of the world, that ‘enlightens every man that cometh
into the world,’ who saith, ‘Believe in the light, that ye may
become children of light?’ Are any of you against persecuting
people for their religion and worship of God in spirit and in
truth, as Christ commandeth? For Christ, said, ‘I am not of this
world, nor my kingdom;’ therefore he doth not uphold his spiritual
worship and pure religion with worldly and carnal weapons. Christ
said, ‘Swear not at all;’ and his apostle James saith the same;
but will not you force us to swear, and so to break Christ’s and
his apostle’s commands, in putting oaths to us? Christ saith to
his apostles, ‘Freely ye have received, freely give.’ Will not you
force us to give tithes and maintenance to such teachers as we
know God hath not sent? Shall we be free to serve and worship God,
and keep his and his Son’s commands, if we give our voices freely
for you? For we are unwilling to give our voices for such as will
imprison and persecute us, and spoil our goods.”

But whatever they were that stood to be chosen, I observed heat and strife in the spirits of the people that were to choose; wherefore I wrote a few lines to be spread amongst them, directed thus:—

“_To the People who are choosing Sheriffs in London._”

“PEOPLE,—All keep in the gentle and peaceable wisdom of God, which
is above all that which is earthly, sensual, and devilish; and
live in that love of God that is not puffed up, nor is unseemly;
which envieth not, but beareth and endureth all things. In this
love ye will seek the good and peace of all, and the hurt of no
man. Keep out of all heats, and be not hot-headed; but be cool and
gentle, that your Christian moderation may appear to all men; for
the Lord is at hand, who beholds all men’s words, thoughts, and
actions, and will reward every one according to his works; and
what every man soweth, that shall he reap.”

Now I had some inclination to go into the country to a meeting, but hearing that there would be a bustle at our meetings, and feeling a great disquietness in people’s spirits in the city about choosing sheriffs, it was upon me to stay in the city, and go to the meeting in Gracechurch Street upon the First-day of the week. William Penn went with me, and spoke; and while he was declaring the truth to the people, a constable came in with his great staff, and bid him give over, and come down; but he continued, declaring truth in the power of God. After a while the constable drew back, and when William Penn had done, I stood up, and declared to the people “the everlasting gospel, which was preached in the apostles’ days, and to Abraham; and which the church in the apostles’ days received, and came to be heirs of. This gospel, I declared, was sent from heaven by the Holy Ghost in the apostles’ days, and is so now; and was not of man, neither by man; but by the revelation of the Holy Ghost. And now this gospel is preached again (as John saw, and said it should be) to all nations, tongues, and people; and all people now are to hear Christ the prophet, in this his gospel of the new covenant. For as Moses said, ‘Like unto me will God raise up a prophet, and Him shall ye hear in all things;’ so, said I, this prophet, Christ, is come, and all the Jews in spirit, the true believing Christians in the light, who have the law of God written in their hearts, and put into their minds, are to hear Christ in his gospel, new testament, and new covenant, which is the law of the spirit of life in Christ Jesus, who bruises the serpent’s head (which is the head of enmity), and makes free from the law of sin and death. I showed, that all whom Christ quickens and makes alive, he makes to sit together in the heavenly places in himself. So that they do not wander up and down, like the fool’s eye, in the corners of the earth; nor are their eyes abroad in the world, to sit down in the world’s invented seats of religion; but they sit together in Him, as the saints did in the apostles’ days. So Christ was and is their treasure of wisdom, life, knowledge and salvation.”

As I was thus speaking, two constables came in with their great staves, and bid me give over speaking and come down; but, feeling the power of the Lord with me, I spoke on therein, both to the constables and to the people. To the constables I declared, “that we were a peaceable people, who meet to wait upon God, and worship him in spirit and in truth; and therefore they needed not to come with their staves amongst us, who were met in a peaceable manner, desiring and seeking the good and salvation of all people.” Then turning my speech to the people again, I declared what further was upon me to them; and while I was speaking the constables drew out towards the door; and the soldiers stood with their muskets in the yard. When I had done speaking, I kneeled down and prayed, desiring the Lord to open the eyes and hearts of all people, both high and low, that their minds might be turned to God by his Holy Spirit; that he might be glorified in all and over all. After prayer the meeting rose, and Friends passed away; the constables being come in again, but without the soldiers: and indeed, both they and the soldiers carried themselves civilly.

William Penn and I went into a room hard by, as we used to do, and many Friends went with us; and lest the constables should think we would shun them, a Friend went down and told them, that if they would have anything with us, they might come where we were, if they pleased. One of them came to us soon after, but without his staff; which he chose to do, that he might not be observed; for he said, the people told him he busied himself more than he needed. We desired to see his warrant; and therein we found, that the informer was one Hilton, a North-countryman, who was reputed to be a Baptist. The constable was asked, whether he would arrest us by his warrant on that day; it being the First-day of the week, which in their law was called the Lord’s day; he said, he thought he could not. He told us also, that he had charged the informer to come along with him to the meeting, but he had run away from him. We showed the constable that both he and we were clear; yet to free him from all fear of danger, we were free to go to the alderman that granted the warrant. Then a Friend that was present said, he would go with the constable to speak with the alderman; which they did, and came presently back again, the alderman being gone from home. Seeing the constable in a strait, and finding him to be a tender man, we bid him fix an hour to come to us again, or send for us, and we would come to him. So he appointed five in the afternoon; but neither came, nor sent for us; and a Friend meeting him afterwards in the evening, the constable told him, he thought it would come to nothing, and therefore did not look after us. So the Lord’s power was over all; to him be the glory!

On the Fourth-day following, it was upon me to go to Gracechurch Street meeting again; for I had heard that they would come to break it up that day. The neighbours, it seems, were informed so; a justice had granted a warrant for that purpose, and the constable told a Friend, that Hilton the informer had been with him about it. The constable would have had the informer to go with him to the meeting, but he would not; but would have the constable to go without him; whether that put the constable by, I know not; but he did not come. I was in a travail of spirit in the power of God, and was moved in it to go to the meeting; and the Lord’s power chained all down. Though they threatened to bring the red coats, none came, nor was there any disturbance; but a glorious, powerful meeting it was, and very peaceable. Glory, honour, and praises be to the Lord over all for ever. Amen!

During the time I thus abode at London, as I had leisure between meetings, and from other public services, I wrote divers books and papers, some of which were printed, and others spread about in manuscript. Of these, one was directed “To the bishops and others, that stirred up persecution; to show them from the Holy Scriptures that they did not walk therein according to the royal law, ‘to love their neighbour as themselves, and to do to others as they would be done unto.’”

Another was, “To all the several sorts of professed Christians, as well Protestants as Papists, whose religion and worship stand in outward observances and ceremonies; pressing them from those words of the apostle Paul to the Galatians, chap. v. ver. 2-4, ‘Behold, I Paul say unto you, that if ye be circumcised, Christ shall profit you nothing. For I testify again to every man that is circumcised, that he is a debtor to the whole law. Christ is become of no effect unto you, whosoever of you are justified by the law; ye are fallen from grace,’ to consider whether they, being gone back into legal observations and shadowy ceremonies (in upholding tithes, offerings, first-fruits, priests’ garments, outward altars, temples, lamps, lights, &c., and in observing days, months, times, years, with many other things commanded by the law), were not gone into the same state that the Galatians were running into; and so were fallen from grace, and become debtors to do the whole law.”

Another was, “To direct and turn all people to the Spirit of God, that they might thereby receive a right understanding, and be able to distinguish between right and wrong, truth and error; that under pretence of punishing evil-doers, they might not themselves do evil in persecuting the righteous.” That paper, being short, is here inserted:—

“The Spirit of God, which he hath poured upon all, giveth an
understanding to all who are led by it; and to those who do not
quench the motions of it, it giveth knowledge and understanding to
distinguish good from evil, light from darkness, Christ from
antichrist, the old testament or covenant from the new, the old
way from the new and living way; the sheep and lambs from the
goats and wolves; the worship of God, which Christ set up above
sixteen hundred years ago, from the dragon’s and beast’s worship;
and all them that worship the works of men’s hands, and the
will-worshippers, from them that worship God in his Spirit and in
his truth, in which God’s people worship him; which worship is
over all false worships and worshippers. They who believe in the
light, which is the life in Christ, become the children of light,
and are the lambs of Jesus. These lambs follow the Lamb of God,
that taketh away the sins of the world; and they will not follow
the hirelings, nor the strangers, to be led into strange ways,
doctrines, religions, worships, and churches; for the lambs of
Christ follow Christ, the Lamb of God, and know his heavenly
voice. They know also, that they who are without Christ are dogs
and wolves, adulterers, idolaters, liars, and unbelievers, who
would devour the lambs; but these are in the hand of the Lord,
which is his power, that is over all. Such do good in his power
unto all; for they have the mind of Christ, who would have all to
come to the knowledge of the truth, and be saved. They that do
good to all, do hurt to none; for that spirit that doth hurt to
any, is not of God; but that spirit which doth good to all, and
especially to the household of faith, is of God. Christ came not
to destroy men’s lives, but to save them: it is the devil that is
the destroyer of men’s lives about religion, that corrupts men,
and makes them deaf and blind to the things of God, and to halt
out of God’s way. They that obey the evil one and forsake the
Lord, such the destroyer doth destroy; but Christ destroys that
destroyer; and in Christ all have life.”

G. F.

I wrote another paper also concerning meditation, delight, exercise, and study; showing from the Scriptures of truth, what the true Christians ought to meditate upon, and to exercise their minds in; what they should take delight in, and what they should study to do. For in these things, not the profane and loose people only, but even the great professors of religion are very much mistaken; taking delight in earthly, fading, perishing things; whereas they ought to meditate on heavenly things, delight in the law of God after the inward man, and exercise themselves to have always “a conscience void of offence towards God, and towards men,” as the apostle Paul did.

As sufferings continued very sore and heavy upon Friends, not only in the city but in most parts of the nation, I drew up a paper to be presented to the king; setting forth our grievances, and desiring redress from him in those particular cases which I understood were in his power. But not having relief from him, it came upon me to write an epistle to Friends, to encourage them in their sufferings, that they might bear with patience the many exercises that were brought upon them, both from the outward magistrates, and by false brethren and apostates, whose wicked books and filthy slanders grieved the upright-hearted. This epistle I wrote at DALSTON, whither I went to visit an ancient Friend that lay sick:—

“Friends and brethren in Christ Jesus, whom the Lord hath called
and gathered into himself, in him abide; for without him ye can do
nothing, and through him ye can do all things. He is your strength
and support in all your trials, temptations, imprisonments, and
sufferings, who for Christ’s sake are accounted as sheep for the
slaughter: in all these things we are more than conquerors,
through Christ who hath loved us. And therefore, Friends, though
you suffer by the outward powers, ye know that the prophets,
Christ, and the apostles, suffered by the unconverted. And though
ye suffer by false brethren and false apostates for a time, and by
their filthy books and tongues; whose tongues indeed are become no
slander, let them speak, write, or print what they will; for the
sober people even of the world hardly regard it: it is well they
have manifested themselves to the world, that their folly may
proceed no farther. Though, to the utmost of their power, they
have showed their wicked intent, to stir up the magistrates,
professors, and profane against us, and to speak evil of the way
of truth, God’s judgments will overtake them, and come upon them,
as sure as they have come upon those that are gone before them.
Let their pretence be ever so high, mark their end; for they will
fall like untimely figs, and wither like the grass upon the top of
the house. Though they may seem to flourish, and make a boast and
a noise for a time, yet the Seed is on the head of such, and will
grind them to powder; which Seed bruises the serpent’s head.
Therefore in this Seed, Christ, who is your sanctuary, rest,
peace, and quiet habitation, who is the First and the Last, and
over all, in Him walk; for the Lord taketh pleasure in his people
that are faithful, that serve and worship him. Therefore let the
saints be joyful in glory; and the God of peace, ‘the God of all
grace, who hath called us into his eternal glory by Jesus Christ,
after that ye have suffered a while, make you perfect, stablish,
strengthen, settle you.’ Cast all your care upon the Lord, for he
careth for you.

“And, dearly beloved, think it not strange concerning the fiery
trial that is to try you, as though some strange thing had
happened unto you; for it is better, if the will of God be so,
that ye suffer for well-doing, than for evil-doing: and rejoice,
inasmuch as ye are made partakers of Christ’s sufferings.
Wherefore let them that suffer according to the will of God,
commit the keeping of their souls to him in well-doing, as unto a
faithful Creator; for unto you is given, in the behalf of Christ,
not only to believe in him, but also to suffer for his sake. So it
is given, or is a gift from Christ, to suffer for his name; and
therefore rejoice, inasmuch as ye are made partakers of Christ’s
sufferings. If ye be reproached, or evil spoken of for the name of
Christ, happy are ye; for the spirit of glory and of God resteth
upon you: on their part he is evil spoken of, but on your part he
is glorified. Therefore, if any suffer as Christians, let them not
be ashamed; but let them glorify God on this behalf; though now
for a season ye are in sufferings, and trials, and temptations,
that the trial of your faith, being much more precious than that
of gold, which perishes, though it be tried with fire, may be
found unto praise, honour, and glory, who are kept by the power of
God, through faith, unto salvation. Therefore mind your Keeper,
wherever ye are, or what sufferings soever ye be in; and mind the
example of the apostle, how he suffered trouble as an evil-doer
unto bonds. But the Word of God is not bound, which is everlasting
and endures for ever; and they who are in that which is not
everlasting, and doth not endure for ever, cannot bind the Word.
The apostle said, I endure all things for the elect’s sake, that
they may also obtain the salvation, which is in Christ Jesus, with
eternal glory (mark, with eternal glory). And if we suffer with
Christ, we shall reign with Christ, who abide faithful.

“Therefore strive not about words to no profit, but shun profane
and vain babblings, for they will increase unto more ungodliness;
that ye may be vessels of honour, sanctified and meet for Christ
your Master’s use, and prepared unto every good work. Follow after
righteousness, godliness, faith, love, patience, and meekness.
Fight the good fight of faith with your heavenly weapons; which
faith is victory (or gives victory) by which ye lay hold on
eternal life, and have access unto God, ‘who will render to every
man according to his deeds; to them who, by patient continuing in
well-doing, seek for glory, and honour, and immortality, eternal
life; but unto them that are contentious, and do not obey the
truth, but obey unrighteousness, indignation and wrath,
tribulation and anguish upon every soul of man that doeth evil;
but glory, honour, and peace to every man that worketh good.’
Christ said to his disciples, ‘If the world hate you, ye know that
it hated me before it hated you. If ye were of the world, the
world would love its own; but because ye are not of the world, but
I have chosen you out of the world, therefore the world hateth
you.’ And, ‘If they have persecuted me, they will also persecute
you.’ And John, in his general epistle to the church, saith,
‘Marvel not, my brethren, if the world hate you. We know that we
have passed from death unto life, because we love the brethren.’
And Christ, in his prayer to his Father, saith of his followers,
‘As thou hast sent me into the world, even so have I also sent
them into the world; and the glory which thou gavest me I have
given them, that they may be one, even as we are one.’ And,
therefore, all ye that know God and Jesus Christ, whom to know is
eternal life, and are partakers of his glory, keep the testimony
of Jesus, and be valiant for his truth upon earth, that ye may be
all settled upon Christ, the rock and foundation.”

G.F.

Dalston, the 3rd of the 8th Month, 1682.