Chapter LV: Appendix: III (2)

Eata, Bishop of Hexham, 184, 205, 207.

Ebba, aunt of Egfrid, 199, 204.

Ebbs-fleet (Ypwines-fleot), Hengest lands at, 88.

Ebissa, a Jutish chief, 103, 131.

Ebroin, Frankish mayor of the palace, 196.

Eburacum (see also York), 46, 48, 54, 55, 62, 67, 94, 121, 138, 144,
247.

_Ecclesiastical History_, Bede’s, 85, 86, 115–213 (_passim_), 295.

Ecgferth, son of Offa, 252, 253.

Ecgfrida, wife of Uhtred, 407.

Edbert Pren, King of Kent, 253.

Eddisbury, “burh” built at, 321.

Eddius’ _Life of Wilfrid_, 203, 497, 498.

Edgar Etheling, grandson of Edmund Ironside, 474.

Edgar, the Peaceful, King of England (959–975), previously King of
Mercia and East Anglia, 344, 351, 352;
monastic reforms, 353–356;
crowned at Bath (973), and rowed by eight kings on the Dee, 356;
marries Elfrida, death and burial, 359.

Edgitha, daughter of Edward the Elder, marries the German Otto, 331.

Edgiva, daughter of Edward the Elder, marries Charles the Simple, 330.

Edgiva, Abbess of Leominster, 449, 465.

Edgiva, queen of Edward the Elder, 339, 348, 351, 352.

Edinburgh, 140, 407.

Edith, daughter of Godwine, wife of Edward the Confessor, 443, 455,
470, 484.

Edith, daughter of King Edgar, 358.

Edith with the swan’s neck, Harold’s lady-love, 490.

Edmund Ironside, king (1016), son of Ethelred the Redeless, his
battles with the Danes, 395, 396;
recalls Edric Streona, defeated at Assandune, 397;
conference with Canute at Olney, death, 397;
suggestions of foul play in his death, 397, 405, 406.

Edmund, King of East Anglia. See St. Edmund.

Edmund, King of the English (940–946), son of Edward the Elder, at
Brunanburh, 333;
delivers the Five Boroughs from the Northmen, 340;
ravages Cumberland, 317, 341;
his relations with Malcolm I., 341;
assassinated by Liofa at Pucklechurch and buried at Glastonbury,
339.

Edmund, son of Edmund Ironside, 399.

Edred, Abbot, 282.

Edred, King of the English (946–955), crowned at Kingston-on-Thames,
339;
his bad health, 339;
subdues Northumbria, 341, 342;
English defeated at Chesterford, 342;
revenges the murder of Abbot Eadhelm at Thetford, 343;
death at Frome and burial at Winchester, 343.

Edric Streona, traitorous ealdorman, 388, 389, 394–398, 401.

Edward, son of Edmund Ironside, 399, 461.

Edward the Elder, son of Alfred, King of the West Saxons (900–924?),
childhood, 289;
accession, 318;
suppresses rebellion of Ethelwald, 320;
wars with the Danes, 320–324;
builds fortresses in the Midlands, 323, 324;
alleged supremacy over Scotland, 325–328;
dies, 328;
laws of, 437 n.

Edward the Confessor (1042–1066), 386, 392, 393, 422, 423;
son of Ethelred the Redeless, crowned at Winchester, 442;
harsh treatment of his mother, 442;
founds Westminster Abbey, 446;
his Norman favourites, 451–453;
fall of Godwine, 455;
visit of William the Norman, 456, 457;
return of Godwine, 458, 459;
Scotch affairs, 461–463;
Welsh affairs, 464–467;
visit of Harold Godwineson to Normandy, 468, 469;
Tostig outlawed, 470, 471;
death at Westminster, 472;
bequeathed crown to Harold, 473.

Edward the Martyr, son of King Edgar (975–978), crowned by Dunstan,
360;
murdered at Corfe, 363;
buried at Shaftesbury, 364.

Edwin, brother of Leofric, 464.

Edwin, half-brother of Athelstan, drowned, 337.

Edwin of Deira, 126, 135–144, 154.

Edwin, son of Elfgar, Earl of Mercia, 470, 477, 479, 484.

Edwy or Eadwig, King of the English (955–959), son of King Edmund,
344;
scene at his coronation, 349;
his lavish generosity, 350;
marries Elfgiva, 351;
kingdom divided with brother Edgar, 351;
death, 352.

Edwy, “King of the Ceorls,” 399.

Edwy, son of Ethelred the Redeless, 399, 402.

Egbert, puppet-king of Bernicia, 281.

Egbert, Archbishop of York, brother of King Eadbert, 243, 245, 246.

Egbert, King of Kent, 195, 196.

Egbert, King of the West Saxons (802–839), early history and exile,
254, 255;
accession, 263;
overruns Cornwall, 263;
victory over Mercia, 264;
supremacy acknowledged by Northumbria, 264;
battles with the Danes, 265;
death, 265.

Egbert’s Stone, 284.

Egfrid, son of Oswy, 169, 172, 173, 190–193.

Egric, King of East Anglia, 164.

Egwinna, mother of Athelstan, 329.

Eleutherus, Pope, 76.

Elfgar, son of Elfric, 383.

Elfgar, son of Leofric, 460, 465–467, 480.

Elfgiva or Elfgyfu, daughter of Ethelgiva, wife of King Edwy, 344,
349–351.

Elfgiva, daughter of Edward the Elder, 331.

Elfheah, Archbishop. See Alphege.

Elfhelm, father of Elgiva of Northampton, 417.

Elfhelm, Ealdorman of Northumbria, murdered by Edric Streona, 388.

Elfhere, Ealdorman of Mercia, leader of anti-monastic party, 360,
361, 364.

Elfleda, daughter of Offa, wife of Ethelred, King of Northumbria, 248.

Elfleda or Ethelfleda, daughter of Oswy, 180, 211.

Elfmaer, Abbot of St. Augustine’s, Canterbury, 389.

Elfnoth, Sheriff, slain in battle with the Welsh, 466.

Elfnoth, squire to Brihtnoth, 379.

Elfric, traitorous ealdorman, 383, 388, 397, 398.

Elfric, ecclesiastical author, 357 n., 358, 491.

Elfric, father of Osric of Deira, 151.

Elfrida or Elfthryth, wife of King Edgar, 359, 360, 363.

Elfrida, wife of Baldwin II. of Flanders, 289.

Elfsige, Archbishop of Canterbury, 352.

Elfweard, son of Edward the Elder, 328, 329.

Elfwen, wife of half-king Athelstan, 352.

Elfwine at Maldon, 380.

Elfwyn, daughter of Ethelfled of Mercia, 323.

Elgiva or Aelgyfu, a name given to Queen Emma, 386.

Elgiva, wife of King Edmund, 338.

Elgiva of Northampton, wife of Canute, 416, 417.

Ellandune, battle of, 264.

Ella, King of Northumbria, 276.

Elmet or Loidis, kingdom of, 131, 138.

Elphege, Bishop of Winchester, 346.

Elwin, cousin of Athelstan, fell at Brunanburh, 336.

Ely, monastery at Isle of, 199, 355, 419.

Emma, wife of Ethelred II. and Canute, 386, 392, 402, 405, 416, 418,
420, 421, 442, 443, 457.

Emma, sister of Hugh Capet, 370.

Emmet in Holderness, peace of, 333.

_Encomium Emmæ_, 420, 505.

Englefield, Danes defeated at, 278.

Eobba of Bernicia, “the great burner of towns,” 132.

Eoforwic. See York.

Eomer, an assassin, 140.

Eosterwine, coadjutor-abbot, 188.

_Ephemeris Epigraphica_, 496.

Epiton, one name of site of “battle of Hastings,” 485.

Eppillus, a British king, 26.

Erconbert, King of Kent, 176, 183, 188.

Erconwald, Bishop, 216, 219.

Eric Blood-axe, under-king of Northumbria, 341, 342.

Eric or Yric, Earl of Deira, 401, 408.

Eric, son of Harold Blue-Tooth, 342.

Ermenburga, wife of King Egfrid, persistent enemy of Wilfrid, 199,
201, 203, 207, 208.

Erming Street, 74.

Esnes or _theows_, 225, 303.

Essex. See East Saxons.

Estrith, sister of Canute, 444.

Ethandune, Danes defeated at, 285.

Ethelbald, King of Mercia, 248, 249.

Ethelbald, son of Ethelwulf, King of the West Saxons (856–860),
fought at Ockley, 267;
rebels against his father, 270;
marries Judith, his father’s widow, 274;
dies, 274.

Ethelbert, King of East Anglia, 251.

Ethelbert, first Christian King of Kent, 92, 97, 117, 122, 125, 126,
127, 139;
his “dooms,” 218.

Ethelbert, son of Ethelwulf, King of the West Saxons (860–866), 274,
275.

Ethelburga, a Kentish princess, wife of Edwin of Deira, 139, 145.

Ethelburga, wife of Ine, 217.

Etheldreda, wife of King Egfrid, 199.

Ethelfled, daughter of Alfred, Lady of the Mercians, 289, 321, 322,
329.

Ethelfled, patroness of Dunstan, 346.

Ethelfled the Fair, wife of King Edgar, 359.

Ethelfrid or Ethelfrith of Bernicia, 94, 115, 133–138.

Ethelgiva, daughter of Alfred, abbess of Shaftesbury, 289.

Ethelgiva, mother-in-law of Edwy, 349–351.

Ethelheard, King of Wessex, 217.

Ethelhere, under-king of East Anglia, 169, 170.

Ethelmaer the Fat, 402.

Ethelnoth, Archbishop of Canterbury, 405, 406, 420.

Ethelnoth, ealdorman of Somerset, 284.

Ethelred, ealdorman of Mercia, 289, 308.

Ethelred, ealdorman of the Gaini, 289.

Ethelred of Mercia, 173, 191, 204.

Ethelred, son of Ethelwulf (866–871), accession, 275;
wars with the Danes, 276, 278–280;
battle of Ashdown, 279;
death, 280.

Ethelred II., the Redeless, King of England (978–1016), 317, 328;
son of King Edgar, crowned at Kingston-on-Thames, 365;
Danish invasions, 375–396;
Ethelred harries Cumberland, 385;
marries Emma of Normandy, 386;
massacre of St. Brice’s Day, 386, 387;
Sweyn and Canute invade England, 391;
London submits, 392;
king escapes to Normandy, 392;
recalled, 383;
dies at London, 396.

Ethelred, son of Ethelwald Moll, usurper in Northumbria, 247, 255.

Ethelric, King of Bernicia and Deira, 94, 133.

Ethelsin, evil counsellor of Ethelred, 365.

Ethelwald Moll, usurper in Northumbria, 247.

Ethelwald, son of Oswald, 169, 170, 171.

Ethelwald, son of Ethelred I., rebels against Edward the Elder, 319.

Ethelwalh, King of Sussex, 174, 204, 215.

Ethelweard, the historian, 257, 334, 384, 501.

Ethelweard, grandson of the historian, 402.

Ethelweard, son of Alfred, 290.

Ethelwin, cousin of Athelstan, fell at Brunanburh, 336.

Ethelwin, officer of Oswy, 167.

Ethelwin, son of half-king Athelstan, 361.

Ethelwold, Bishop of Winchester, 354, 355, 361.

Ethelwold, son of half-king Athelstan, husband of Elfrida, 359.

Ethelwulf, ealdorman of Berkshire, 278, 279.

Ethelwulf, King of the West Saxons (839–858), son of Egbert,
under-king of Kent, 264;
succeeds his father in Wessex, 265;
his two counsellors Swithun and Ealhstan, 266;
victory over the Danes at Ockley, 267;
helps Mercia against the Welsh, 267;
gives tithe to the Church, 268;
journey to Rome, 268–270;
marriage to Judith, daughter of Charles the Bald, 270;
his will and death, 271.

Etherius, Archbishop of Arles, 116.

Etocetum, station on the Watling Street, 73.

Eudoces, possibly Jutes, 80.

Eugenius, King of Strathclyde, 333.

Eugenius the Bald, King of Strathclyde, 408.

Eumenius, panegyrist, 65, 495.

Eustace, Count of Boulogne, 452, 453, 487, 489, 490.

Evans, Sir John, on British coins, 25.

Exeter (Isca Damnoniorum, Exanceaster), 74, 283, 326.

Exmouth (Exanmutha), Beorn buried at, 451.

Farinmail, a British king, 92.

Farndon (Farndune), near Newark, Edward the Elder dies at, 328.

Farne Islands, 154, 168, 206.

Farnham, Danes defeated at, 308.

Felix, Bishop of Dunwich, 163, 174.

Fergna, Abbot of Iona, 150.

Fethan-lea, battle of, 93.

Finan of Lindisfarne, 169, 175, 182.

Fitz Osbern, William, 475, 487.

Five Boroughs, the, 316, 391, 394, 431.

Flatholme, Island of (Brada Relice), Danes take refuge at, 321.

Fleet, built by Alfred, 312; by Ethelred II., 387.

Florence of Worcester, historian, 105, 277 n., 314, 333, 334, 354,
356, 357, 400, 484, 501, 502.

_Fædus Anglorum et Danorum_, 381 n.

Folkland, 303, 304.

Fordheri, soldier of Edwin, stabbed, 140.

Ford of the Cross, battle of, 464.

Forth, Firth of, 49, 50, 58, 102, 132, 154, 157, 477, 479.

Fosse Way, 74.

Freeman, E. A., on virtual extermination of Britons, 110, 111;
on capture of York, 138;
on alleged English supremacy over Scotland, 325. Also quoted, 161,
262, 325 n., 337 n., 383 n., 401 n., 402 n., 403 n., 420 n.,
433 n., 448 n., 475, 507.

Frisian Sea (Firth of Forth?), 103.

Frisians in the Border country, 131.

Frome, King Edred dies at, 343.

Frome mouth of, Danish raid, 381.

Frontinus, Julius, Roman governor of Britain, 46.

Fulford, English defeated at, 479, 481, 484.

Fursa, an Irish monk, missionary to East Anglia, 163, 174.

_Fyrd_, or national militia, 223, 229, 261 n., 268, 302, 320, 376,
389, 396, 486, 489.

Gabhran, Dalriadic king, 148.

Gaels, 6.

_Gafolgelders_, or rent payers, 226, 228.

_Gafol_, tribute paid to Danes, 376, 381.

Gaimar, Geoffrey, 295, 334, 359, 503.

Gainsborough, death of Sweyn, 493.

Galerius, Augustus, 67.

Galgacus, Caledonian chief, 50.

_Gebur_, 436.

_Gedael_ land, 221.

Geikie, Professor, 3 n., 4 n.

_Gemot_, meeting, 302.

Genealogies of the kings, Nennius, 101.

_Geneat_, king’s retainer, 229, 230, 313, 436, 437.

Geoffrey of Monmouth, 28, 105.

Geraint, Welsh king, 216.

Germanus. See St. Germanus.

_Gesithcund_, comrades of the king, 228.

Geta, son of Emperor Severus, 60, 62.

_Geteama_, a warranter, 438.

Gewissas, or men of Wessex, 128, 215.

Gildas, Welsh ecclesiastic, author of _Liber Querulus_, 86, 95–100,
144, 496.

Gilling, near Richmond, Oswin murdered at, 167.

Glastonbury (Glaestingaburh), 178, 339, 344, 347, 359, 397, 406.

Gloucester (Gleawanceaster), 76, 92, 322, 454, 466.

Godiva, sister of Edward the Confessor, 452.

Godiva, wife of Leofric, 447, 448, 465.

Godric, his cowardice at battle of Maldon, 380.

Godwine, son of Wulfnoth, ancestry, 403;
made Earl of Wessex, 404;
supports Harthacnut, 417, 418;
supports Harold Harefoot and slays Alfred, son of Ethelred, 418,
419;
his family, 447–451;
opposes Norman influence, 451–454;
exiled with family, 455;
restored, 459;
death and burial at Winchester, 460.

Goidels, 6, 108.

Goodmanham, site of heathen temple, 142.

Gorm the Old, King of Denmark, 371, 413, 474.

Gratian, a British usurper of Empire, 72.

Gratian, Emperor, 68, 69.

Green, J. R., 404 n., 507.

Greenwell, Dr., on British barrows, 7, 493.

Greenwich (Grenawic), 390, 394, 395.

Gregory I., Pope, sends Augustine to convert the English, 114, 115,
120, 121, 139.

Griffith ap Llewelyn, King of Wales, 464–466, 472.

Griffith, son of Rhyddarch, revolts against the preceding, 465.

Grimbald, Abbot, friend of Alfred, 291, 292, 304.

Guaul, or Roman Wall, 103.

Guest, Dr., on Cæsar’s landing-place, 24;
on Fethan-lea, 93.

Gross, Dr. Charles, _The Sources and Literature of English History_,
508.

Guildford (Gyldeford), the Etheling Alfred arrested at, 419, 420.

Guinnion, castle of, scene of one of Arthur’s battles, 104.

Gunhild, daughter of Canute, wife of Emperor Henry III., 412, 416.

Gunnor, wife of Richard, Duke of Normandy, 370.

Guoyrancgon, King of Kent, 103.

Guthfred, a later King of Northumbria, 332.

Guthlac, hermit of Crowland, 249.

Guthred, converted Danish chief, 282.

Guthrum, Danish chief, Alfred’s foe, 283–287.

Gwent, part of South Wales (Glamorgan and Monmouth), 333.

Gwynedd (North Wales), 102, 321, 464.

Gybmund, Bishop of Rochester, 219.

Gyda, wife of Harold Fair-hair, 372.

Gyrth, son of Godwine, 404, 444, 482, 484, 486, 488.

Gyrwas, tribe in the Fens, 433.

Gytha, wife of Godwine, 404, 444, 490.

Haddan and Stubbs’s Councils, 508.

Hadrian, Abbot of St. Augustine’s, Canterbury, 195, 196, 241.

Hadrian, Emperor, builder of the Roman Wall, 53.

Hadrian I., Pope, 251.

Hakon the Good, King of Norway, reared in England, 331, 332, 372.

Halfdene, a Danish king, 279, 281.

Hallelujah battle, 84.

Harold, a Scandinavian chief, 369.

Harold Blue-Tooth, King of Denmark, 371, 474.

Harold, brother of Canute, 404.

Harold Hardrada, King of Norway, 445, 477–481, 484.

Harold Harefoot, son of Canute, King of England, 416–421.

Harold II., son of Godwine, Earl of East Angles, 448;
intercedes for Sweyn, 450;
exiled with family, 455;
in Ireland, 458;
becomes Earl of Wessex, 460;
real ruler of England, 461, 465;
wars with Elfgar and the Welsh, 466, 467;
visit to Normandy, and oath to William, 468–470;
crowned king, 473, 474;
defeats Tostig and Harold Hardrada at Stamford Bridge, 481;
visits Waltham, 484;
collects army near Battle, 485;
battle of Hastings, 487–490;
death, 482, 489, 490;
burial at Waltham, 490.

Harold the Fair-haired, King of Norway, 331, 372.

Harthacnut, son of Canute, King of England, 402, 405, 416–418,
420–423, 450.

Hartlepool (Heruteu), Hilda’s convent at, 180.

Hasting or Haesten, Danish chief, 308, 509 n.

Hastings, battle of, 485–490.

Hastings, port, 458, 482, 484.

Hatfield. See Heathfield.

Haverfield, F., 70 n., 75 n., 77 n., 507.

Heathfield, battle of, 144, 150, 151.

Heavenfield, or Denisesburn, battle of, 151–154, 157.

Hedde, Bishop of Winchester, 219.

_Heimskringla_, the, 260, 338, 372, 385, 409, 480 n., 504.

Helena, mother of Constantine, 66, 121.

Hengest, King of Kent, 86, 88, 89, 91, 102–104, 132.

Henry Beauclerk, 289, 314, 463.

Henry of Huntingdon, 105, 337, 360, 386, 415, 503.

Henry III., emperor, marries Gunhild, 412.

Heptarchy, 231, 288.

Herbert. See St. Herbert.

_Here_ or army, Danish, 261, 306, 312, 321, 323.

Hereford, 465, 466.

_Here-gyld_, or war tax, 446.

Herleva, mother of William the Norman, 456.

Herodian, Greek historian, 495.

Hertford (Heorotford), 323.

Hexham (Hagustald), 62, 64, 195, 199, 209.

Hiberni, 97.

Hide of land, 148, 222.

Hilda, Abbess of Whitby, 180.

Hildebrand, Pope, 353, 476.

Hingston Down (Hengestdune), battle of, 265.

_Historia Augusta_, 494.

_Historia Brittonum_, of Nennius, 101, 132.

Hlothere’s and Eadric’s dooms, 218.

Hoar Apple Tree, Harold II. at, 482, 485.

_Hold_, a Danish title, 436.

Holy Island, or Lindisfarne, 154, 155, 158, 182, 183, 188, 205, 207,
246, 258, 282.

Holy River, Canute defeated at, 413.

Holy Rood, Cynewulf’s poem on, 242, 243.

Honorius, Emperor, 72, 82.

Honorius, Pope, 161.

Horsa, brother of Hengest, 86, 88.

_House-carls_, or body-guard, 418, 422, 447, 463, 486, 489.

Housesteads, Mithraic chapel at, 75.

Howorth, Sir H., 367 n.

Howell, King of Cornwall, 333, 336.

Hoxne, St. Edmund defeated at, 277.

Hübner, Emil, 507.

Hugh Capet, King of France, 367.

Hugh the Great, Duke of France, 330, 367, 369, 370, 467.

Hundred and Hundred Court, 427–429.

Huntingdon (Huntandun), _burh_ built at, 323.

Hunwald betrays Oswin, 167.

Hwiccas, tribe in Worcestershire and Gloucestershire, 263, 402.

Hyde Abbey, Winchester, 314.

Hythe, 307;
Cæsar’s landing-place? 24.

Iceni, British tribe, 33–35;
revolt of, 38–43.

Ida, King of Bernicia, 94, 132.

Idle, Ethelfrid defeated by Edwin, 137.

India, alleged mission to, 299.

Indulf, 408 n.

Ine, King of Wessex, 134, 138, 147, 150, 154, 156, 178, 186, 216.

Ine’s laws, 218–232.

Inguar, Danish chief, 277–279.

Inscriptions, Roman, 58, 74.

Insurance against theft of cattle, 426.

Iona, 134, 138, 147, 150, 154, 156, 180, 186.

Ireland, 50, 79, 102, 144, 148, 182, 260, 294, 310, 332, 333, 442,
458.

Isle of Man, 138, 248, 317, 356, 385.

James, deacon, attendant on Paulinus, 143, 180, 182.

_Jarls_, 278, 435.

Jarrow (in Gyrwum), monastery at, 133, 189, 237.

Jaruman, Bishop of Mercia, 176.

Jehmarc, Scottish king, submits to Canute, 409.

John XIX., Pope, visited by Canute, 410.

John, the Old Saxon, friend of King Alfred, 291, 292.

_Judicia Civitatis Londoniæ_, 425.

Judith, daughter of Charles the Bald, wife of Ethelwulf, 270, 271,
274.

Judith of Flanders, wife of Tostig, 455.

Justus, Bishop of Rochester, 120, 122, 127, 128, 139.

Jutes, 79, 80, 106;
possible colony of, in Scotland, 103.

Juthwal, Welsh king, 336;
tribute of wolves’ heads, 357.

Kemble, J. M., 77, 508.

Kenneth, King of Scotland, 134, 356, 357.

Kent, 79, 88, 89, 104, 106, 138, 140, 176, 179.

Kent’s Cavern, 2.

King’s Milton (Middeltun thaes cynges), 458.

Kingston (Cyngestun), 232, 329, 339, 365.

Kinsige, Bishop of Lichfield, 349.

Kirtlington, Witenagemot at, 362.

Lanfranc, Prior of Bec, 476.

Lang, Andrew (_History of Scotland_), referred to, 326, 507.

Laon, 367–370.

_Lapidarium Septentrionale_, 496.

Lappenberg, historian, 87, 507.

Laurentius, Archbishop of Canterbury, 120, 125, 127, 128, 139.

Lea (Lyge), river, 287, 311.

_Leges Marchiarum_, 424, 425.

Legions, Roman:--
Second, 30, 33, 42, 43, 55, 71.
Sixth, 54, 55, 71.
Seventh, 11.
Ninth, 30, 41, 42, 54.
Tenth, 11.
Fourteenth, 30, 42, 44.
Twentieth, 30, 42, 45, 46, 55, 72, 310.

Leicester (Ratae, Ligeraceaster), 316, 322, 340.

Leighton Buzzard (Lygtun), battle at, 321.

Leofgar, Bishop of Hereford, 466.

Leofric, son of Leofwine, Earl of Mercia, 403, 417, 422, 442, 447,
448, 454, 465, 466.

Leofwine, ealdorman of the Hwiccas, 402, 417.

Leofwine, son of Godwine, 449, 455, 482, 486, 488.

Leo, Prof. Heinrich, 242.

Leominster, Abbess of, 449, 465.

Leo IV., Pope, blesses Alfred, 269.

Levison on _Life of Germanus_, 496.

_Liber Pontificalis_, 270.

Liebermann, Felix, on Anglo-Saxon laws, 508.

Lilia, thegn of Edwin of Deira, 140, 161.

Lincoln (Lindcylene), 37, 41, 76, 143, 316, 340, 470, 484.

Lindisfarne gospels, 282.

Lindisfarne. See Holy Island.

Lindsey (Lindissi), 143, 173, 191, 192, 266, 391, 394.

Liofa, murderer of King Edmund, 338.

Lichfield, archbishopric of, 248, 250, 263.

Liudhard, Queen Bertha’s chaplain, 117, 119.

Loidis or Elmet, British kingdom of, 131, 138.

Lombards, affinity with Anglo-Saxons, 81.

London (Londinium, or Augusta, Lundonia, Lunden-burh), 41, 42, 66,
68, 73;
early mention of, in the Chronicle, 89;
bishopric founded at, 122;
relapses into idolatry, 128;
Sigebert, king in, 175;
reconverted to Christianity, 176;
diocese of, 250;
capture by Danes (851), 267;
besieged by Danes, 281;
rescued by Alfred, 287, 299;
_burh_ built at, 309;
resumption from Mercia by Edward the Elder, 320;
Dunstan, Bishop of, 352;
defence against Danes, 376, 377;
attack of Sweyn, 384;
submits to Sweyn, 392;
Ethelred II.’s illness and death at, 395, 396;
faithful to house of Cerdic, 397;
chooses Harold Harefoot as king, 417;
_Witan_ held at, 454;
Duke William’s visit to, 457;
Earl Godwine’s defence before _Witan_ at, 459;
King Harold II. at, 478, 480.

Longfellow’s Saga of King Olaf, 385 n.

Lothian, 102, 131, 326;
lost by England, 409.

Louis IV. of France reared in England, 330, 368, 369.

Lucius. See St. Lucius.

Lud, a fictitious King of Britain, 105.

Lupus, Bishop of Troyes, 83.

Lymne (Portus Lemanis), suggested as Cæsar’s landing-place? 24;
Danes at, 307.

Macbeth, or Maelbaeth, King of Scotland, 409, 447, 462, 463.

Maccus, “arch-pirate,” rows in Edgar’s boat, 356.

Mætæ, Caledonian tribe, 60, 62.

Maelgwn, or Maglocunus, King of North Wales, 99, 102, 144.

Magasaetas (Herefordshire), 452.

Magnus I., King of Norway, 443–445.

Magnus, a Norwegian, helps Earl Elfgar, 467.

Maitland, F. W., 430 n., 433, 508.

Malcolm I., King of Scotland (943–954), 341.

Malcolm II., King of Scotland (1005–1034), 407–409, 461.

Malcolm III. (Canmore), King of Scotland (1058–1093), 463, 477.

Malcolm, King of Cumberland, 356.

Maldon, _burh_ at, 323;
battle of, 378, 379.

Malet, William, 490.

Malfosse, at battle of Hastings, 488, 489.

Malmesbury, monastery of, 266, 338, 346, 395.

Mamertinus, panegyrist, 65, 495.

Man, Isle of, 138, 248, 317, 356, 385.

Manau Guotodin (Lothian), 102.

Manchester (Mancunium, Mameceaster) in Northumbria, 323.

_Mancus_, value of, 235.

Mandubracius, British chief, 18, 19.

Marcellus, Ulpius, ascetic Roman general, 59.

Marcian, Emperor, 88 n.

Marcus Aurelius, Emperor, troubled by Britannic war, 58.

Marcus, a military usurper, 72.

Margaret, grand-daughter of Edmund Ironside, wife of Malcolm III.,
463.

Mark, value of, 235.

Maserfield or Oswestry, battle of, 158, 160.

Matilda of Scotland, wife of Henry I., 289, 436.

Matilda of Flanders, wife of William the Conqueror, 275, 289, 476.

Maximian, Emperor, 64, 67.

Maximus, usurper of the empire, 69, 95.

Mearcredesburn, battle at, 89.

Medeshamstede. See Peterborough.

Mellitus, Archbishop of Canterbury, 120–122, 127, 129, 174.

Melrose (Magilros), monastery of, 205.

Menai Straits, 41, 47, 102.

Meonwaras, district of, in Hampshire, 174, 178, 215.

Mercia, 80, 108, 136, 144, 160, 173, 248, 289, 340, 344, 351, 448,
464.

Merlin, 103.

Mersea, island in Essex, 310, 311.

Middle Anglians, 160, 169.

Middlesex, 287, 448.

Milton Abbas (Middeltun) monastery purged, 355.

Mithras, worship of, 75.

Mommsen, 507.

Mona. See Anglesey.

Money, Anglo-Saxon, 231–235.

Monkwearmouth, monastery, 133, 237.

Monothelite controversy, 196.

Mons Graupius, 50.

Moots, 302.

_Mora_, Duke William’s ship, 483.

Morcant, a Welsh king, 337.

Morcar, murdered by Edric, 394.

Morini, Gaulish tribe, 10, 16, 23.

Morkere, son of Elfgar, 470, 471, 477, 479, 484.

Mount Badon, battle of, 92, 99, 100, 104, 105, 107.

_Mund-bora_ or protector, 322, 324.

_Municipia_, 76, 151.

Mul, brother of Cadwalla, burned by men of Kent, 215, 216.

Natanleod, British king, slain by Cerdic, 90.

Navy of Alfred, 312;
of Edgar, 357, 358;
of Edward the Confessor, 445.

Naze, in Essex (Eadulfesnaess), 459.

Nechtansmere (Dunnichen), King Egfrid defeated at, 192.

Nennius, historian, 100–105, 131, 132, 152 n., 497.

Neolithic man, 2–5.

Nerthus, goddess of the Angles, 81.

Netley (Natanleaga), scene of Cerdic’s victory, 91.

New Minster, at Winchester, Alfred’s burial-place, 314, 328, 355.

_Nithings_, 81, 380, 451.

Nobility by birth and by service, 231.

Normandy, early history of, 367–370.

Normans, weapons of, 486.

Northampton, 464, 470.

Northman, son of Leofwine, put to death by Canute, 402.

Northmen or Norwegians in Cumberland, 316;
distinguished from Danes, 325;
at Stamford Bridge, 481.

Norway, 372, 417, 444, 478.

Northumbria, 94, 130–173, 245–248, 325, 332, 341–343, 388, 395, 396,
406–408, 463, 470, 479.

Nothelm, priest, friend of Bede, 86.

_Notitia Imperii_, Army list of Roman Empire, 69, 70.

Nottingham (Snotingaham), 276, 316, 323, 340.

Nun, King of Sussex, 216.

Ockley (Aclea), Danes defeated at, 267.

Octha, son of Hengest, 103, 104, 131, 132.

Oda, Archbishop of Canterbury, 340, 343, 349, 351, 352, 354.

Odo, Bishop of Bayeux, 487, 488.

Odo, King of France, 367.

_Oferhyrnesse_, contempt of royal power, 438.

Offa, King of Mercia, 248, 250–253, 255.

Offa’s Dyke (Clawdd Offa), 251.

Offa, thegn of Brihtnoth, 380.

Ohthere, an Arctic explorer, 294.

Olaf, King of Sweden, 385.

Olaf, son of Harold Hardrada, 481.

Olaf the Thick. See St. Olaf.

Olaf Tryggvason, King of Norway, 372, 384, 385.

Olney, in Gloucestershire (Olanig), conference at, 397.

Oman, Professor, 275 n.

Open field system of farming, 221.

_Ora_, eighth part of a mark, 235.

Ordeals, 439, 440.

Ordericus Vitalis, 505.

Ordgar, father of Elfrida, 359.

Ordmaer, father-in-law of Edgar, 359.

Ordovices, a British tribe, 35, 46, 47.

Orosius, ecclesiastic and historian, 69, 86, 293, 498.

Osbeorn, son of Siward, 463.

Osbern, biographer of Dunstan, 348 n., 501.

Osbert, King of Northumbria, 276.

Osburga, mother of Alfred, 272.

Osfrid, son of Edwin, 143, 144.

Osgod Clapa, “Staller,” 412, 450.

Oslac, Earl of Northumbria, 360, 361.

Oslac, father of Osburga, 272.

Osmund, Richard’s guardian, 369.

Osred I., King of Northumbria, 210.

Osred II. (do.), murdered, 248.

Osric, ealdorman, 254.

Osric, King of Deira, 151.

Ossa Cyllelawr, Bernician king, 132.

Osthryd, Queen of Mercia, 158, 191.

Ostorius Scapula, Roman governor, 34;
defeats Caratacus, 35.

Oswald, King of Northumbria. See St. Oswald.

Oswald, Bishop of Worcester, 354, 355, 360.

Oswin, King of Deira, 160, 165, 171.

Oswulf, King of Northumbria, 247.

Oswulf, Earl of Northumbria, 342.

Oswy, King of Northumbria, 126, 160, 161, 165, 171–173, 180–190.

Oundle (Undalum), Wilfrid dies at, 212.

Owen, King of Gwent, 333.

Oxford (Oxnaford), 162, 320, 417, 473.

_Ox-gang_, or _Bovate_, the eighth of a Hide, 223.

Paga, king’s reeve, at Carlisle, 207.

Palæolithic man, 2.

Palgrave, Sir F., 508.

Palisade at Hastings, 485 and n.

Pallig, killed in massacre of St. Brice, 387.

Pallium, sign of archbishop’s rank, 120, 121, 202, 252, 453, 459, 460.

Papinian, Roman lawyer, 61.

Parisii, a British tribe in Yorkshire, 10.

Parret (Pedride), river, 178, 266.

Paulinus, Bishop of York, 120, 139–143, 145, 154, 180.

Paulinus, Suetonius, conquers Anglesey, 38;
marches to London, 41;
defeats Boadicea, 42;
recalled, 44.

Paulus Diaconus, historian of the Lombards, 81.

Pavia, death of Eadburh at, 255.

Peada, son of Penda, 168, 173.

Pearson, C. H., 507.

Pecsaetan, tribe in the Peak district, 433.

Pelagian heresy, 76, 84.

Pelham, Professor, quoted, 53 n.

Pembrokeshire, Danish colony in, 317.

Penda, King of Mercia, 144, 158, 160–173.

Penny, Anglo-Saxon, 233.

Peonnum (the Pens or Penselwood), 178.

Perctarit, Lombard king, 203.

Peter, sent to Pope Gregory, 120.

Peterborough (Medeshamstede), sacked by Danes, 278;
visited by Bishop Ethelwold, 355.

Petillius Cerialis, commands ninth legion, 41;
governor of Britain, 45.

Pevensey (Pefenesea), 89, 458, 482, 483.

Picts, 68, 79, 84–86, 93, 95, 97, 102, 103, 106, 134, 147, 157, 171,
191, 192, 281.

Place-names as evidences of nationality of settlers, 315.

Plague, 176, 188, 189, 238, 312.

Plautius, Aulus, conquers southern Britain, 25, 30–32, 34.

Plegmund, Archbishop of Canterbury, 291, 292, 314.

Pliny, 494.

Plummer, Chas., editor of Bede, 86, 190 n., 290 n., 295 n., 325 n.,
337 n., 419 n., 466 n., 497.

Poenius Postumus, Roman officer, kills himself, 43.

Polybius, historian, 8.

Polyclitus, Nero’s freedman, 44.

Porlock (Portloca), Danish raid on, 321;
Harold Godwineson’s, 458.

Port, mythic eponymous hero, 87, 91.

Portland, Danes attack, 266.

Portsmouth, legendary foundation of, 87, 91.

Portskewet, Harold’s lodge at, 467.

Portus Itius, 16, 23.

Pound, Anglo-Saxon, 232.

Prætenturæ, or stations on the Roman Wall, 56.

Prasutagus, King of the Iceni, 33, 39.

Prices, history of, 234, 426.

_Prisci historia_, quoted, 109 n.

Procolitia, station on the Roman Wall, 56.

Procopius, historian, 112, 113.

Prosper Tiro, chronicler, 82, 103, 496.

Pseudo-monasteries, 244.

Ptolemy, geographer, 80, 493.

Pucklechurch, King Edward murdered at, 338.

Purbeck, Danish fleet wrecked near, 283.

“Purveyance,” 453.

Pytheas, Greek geographer, 8.

“Quarto-decimans,” 124, 181, 182, 193, 198.

Quedlinburg, Canute’s grand-daughter Abbess of, 412.

Radfrid, Frankish noble, escorts Theodore to England, 196.

Raegenheri, son of Redwald, 137.

Raegnald of Northumbria, 325–327, 340.

Ragnar Lodbrog, the Viking, 276.

Ralph the Timid, Earl of the Magasaetas, nephew of Edward the
Confessor, 452, 454, 465.

Ramsay, Sir J., 507.

Reading, 278, 279, 281.

_Rectitudines singularum personarum_, 436, 437.

Redwald, King of East Anglia, 126, 136, 137, 139, 163.

Redwulf, King of Northumbria, 266.

Regni, British tribe, 10, 90.

Regnum. See Chichester.

_Regula Pastoralis_ of Pope Gregory, translated by Alfred, 291, 292.

Repton (Hreopandun), occupied by Danes, 281.

Rhuddlan, burnt by Harold II., 467.

Rhys, Professor John, 493.

Richard of Hexham, historian, 131 n.

Richard I., Duke of Normandy, 369, 370.

Richard II. (do.), 386, 399.

Richborough (Rutupiæ), 71, 118.

Ricula, sister of Ethelbert, 122.

Ripon (_In Hripum_), 195, 199, 209, 342, 406.

Robert, Duke of Normandy, 456.

Robertson, E. W., historian, 326, 356, 359 n., 360 n., 507.

Robert, King of France, 367.

Robert the Strong, Duke of Francia, 367.

Rochester (Durobrevi, Hrofaescaestre), 122, 145, 286, 365.

Roderick the Great (Rhodri Mawr), Welsh king, 267.

Roger of Wendover, 342.

Rolf or Rollo, settles in Normandy, 367.

Rolleston, Professor, on Neolithic man, 4, 493.

Roman roads, 73.

Roman Wall, between Firths of Forth and Clyde, 58, 103.

Roman Wall, between Solway and Tyne, 52, 94, 146, 152;
description of, 56;
garrison of, 57.

Romanus, Bishop of Rochester, 145.

Round, J. H., 485 n., 507.

Rowena, daughter of Hengest, 103, 109.

Rowley Burn, Cadwallon’s death at, 153.

Rufinianus, emissary to Rome, 120.

Runcorn (Rumcofa), Saxon fortress built at, 321.

Runic inscription on Bewcastle Cross, 172;
about Harold Hardrada, 479.

Ruthwell Cross, 242.

Rutupiæ. See Richborough.

Saberct, King of the East Saxons, 122, 127, 175.

Sabinus, brother of Vespasian, 32.

St. Aidan, 155–168, 181, 182, 187, 282.

St. Alban, 27, 76, 84.

St. Alphege (Elfeah),384;
martyrdom of, 389, 390;
translation of relics, 405.

St. Augustine, Archbishop of Canterbury, 82, 112–125, 338.

St. Boniface. See Boniface.

St. Brice’s Day, massacre on, 386, 387.

St. Chad (Ceadda), Bishop of York, 195;
of Lichfield, 198.

St. Columba, 134, 147–150, 154, 181, 182, 187.

St. Cuthbert, Bishop of Lindisfarne, 130, 158, 192, 205, 208, 282,
406.

St. Dunstan, early life, 344–348;
Abbot of Glastonbury, 347;
influence on Edred, 339;
at Edwy’s coronation, 349;
exiled, 350;
Bishop of Worcester and London, 352;
Archbishop of Canterbury, 352;
share in monastic reform, 353–356;
story of St. Edmund’s martyrdom, 277;
crowns King Edward the Martyr, 360;
escape at the meeting at Calne, 362;
remonstrance with Ethelred, 365;
death, 365;
character, 360, 491;
lives of, by various authors, 501.

St. Edmund, 276–278, 393, 405.

St. Frideswide, church of, at Oxford, 394.

St. Germanus, 83–85, 102, 106.

St. Guthlac, 249.

St. Herbert of Derwentwater, 208.

St. Jerome, 68.

St. Joseph of Arimathea, 339.

St. Lucius, King of Britain, 76, 414.

St. Martin of Tours, 119, 146.

St. Ninian, 146.

St. Olaf, King of Norway, 410, 413–415, 444.

St. Oswald, 126, 150–159, 171, 173, 179, 282.

St. Patrick, 104.

St. Paul, church in London dedicated to, 122, 391.

St. Swithun, Bishop of Winchester, 265, 266, 357.

St. Thomas, Christians of, in India, 299.

Sake and Soke, 440, 441.

Sandwich, 375, 388, 389, 394, 444, 445, 450, 458, 477.

San Spirito in Sassia, church in Rome, 270.

Sarn Helen, a Roman road, 74.

Sarum, Old (Searoburg), battle of, 91.

Savernake Forest, battle near, 280.

_Saxon Chronicle._ See _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_.

Saxon Shore in Britain, Count of, 70.

Saxons, origin and appearance in Britain, 71, 79–81, 84, 104, 106.

Scarborough burnt, 479.

_Sceatt_, value of, 235.

Schmid, Professor Reinhold, 286 n., 381 n., 508.

_Schola Saxonum_, at Rome, 270.

_Scilling_, value of, 232.

_Scip-here_, Danish fleet, 311, 321, 342.

Scotland, 134, 138, 192, 246, 324–328, 333, 335, 356, 357, 406–410,
461–464.

Scots, 68, 79, 93, 95, 102, 103, 134, 148, 157.

Sebbi, King of East Saxons, 175, 176.

Sedgefield, W. J., translation of Alfred’s Boethius, 297 n.

Seebohm, F., 77, 508.

Seghine, Abbot of Iona, 154.

Selsey, bishopric founded, 205.

Selwood, Forest of, 284.

Seneca, as money-lender in Britain, 39.

Senlac or Epiton, site of “battle of Hastings,” 485.

Seven Boroughs, 394, 395.

Severus, Septimius, Emperor, 59–62, 90.

Sexburh, Queen of Kent, 176.

Shaftesbury (Sceaftesburh), 364, 416.

Sheppey (Sceapig), Isle of, 265, 268, 308, 458.

Sherborne (Scireburne), Bishopric of, 242.

Ship-money, 388.

_Shire and Shire Gemot_, 429, 432, 433.

_Shire-reeve_ (sheriff), 434.

Shoebury (Sceoburh), Danish fort at, 309.

Shrewsbury (Scergeat, Scrobbesburh), “burh” built at, 321, 433 n.

Sideman, Bishop of Crediton, 362.

Sidroc, a Danish jarl, 278.

Sigebert the Learned, King of East Anglia, 163, 164.

Sigebert, King of the East Saxons, 175, 179.

Sigebert, King of the West Saxons, 253.

Sigeferth, thegn, murdered by Edric, 394.

Sigeric, Archbishop of Canterbury, 381.

Sighelm, West Saxon almoner, 299.

Sighere, King of the East Saxons, 175, 176.

Sigvat, minstrel to King Olaf, 444.

Sihtric, Northumbrian king, 332.

Silchester, Christian Basilica at, 75.

Silures, a British tribe, 33–35, 37, 46.

Silurians, 5.

Simcox, W. H., on sites of Alfred’s battles, 278 n.

Sinodun camp, 162.

Siward the Strong, Earl of Northumbria, 422, 442, 447, 454, 462, 463.

_Six-hynd_ men, 430.

Skene, W. F., on Celtic Scotland, 148, 149, 326, 409 n., 508.

Slavery, 114–116, 225, 226 n., 303.

Snorri Sturleson, Icelandic scholar, 504.

Somerton captured, 249.

Southampton (Hamtun), Danes attack, 266.

South Anglians, 160.

Southwark (Suthgeweore), 455, 458.

Spartianus, on the Roman Wall, 53.

Stafford, “burh” built at, 321.

Stamford (Steanford), 316, 323, 340.

Stamford Bridge, battle of, 480–482, 485, 486.

Stainmoor, King Eric slain at, 342.

Steenstrup, J. C., 257 n.

Steepholm (Steapa Relice), Danes at, 321.

Stevenson, W. H., Editor of Asser, 221 n., 270 n., 274 n., 279 n.,
284 n., 299 n., 357 n., 359 n.

Stigand, Archbishop of Canterbury, 459, 472, 476.

Stilicho, Roman general, 72.

Stonehenge, neolithic work at, 5.

Stour, river, 117, 458.

Strabo, geographer, 8, 27, 493.

Strathclyde, kingdom of, 95, 108, 130, 144, 148, 153, 281, 325–327,
332, 333.

Streanæshalch. See Whitby.

Stubbs, Bishop, 268, 383 n., 508.

Stuf, nephew of Cerdic, 91.

Sumorsætas, 249.

Sussex, kingdom of, 80, 89, 174, 176, 177, 194.

Swearing power, scale of, 130.

Sweyn Estrithson, King of Denmark, 443–445.

Sweyn, or Swegen, King of Denmark, 371, 384, 385, 391–393.

Sweyn, son of Canute, 416, 417.

Sweyn, son of Godwine, 448–452, 455, 465.

Swithelm, King of East Saxons, 175 n.

Swithun. See St. Swithin.

Symeon of Durham, historian, 131, 281, 333, 334, 337, 340, 393, 502.

Tacitus, P. Cornelius, historian, 33, 35, 37, 41, 43, 46, 49, 50, 77,
81, 380, 494.

Taillefer, minstrel, 487, 488.

Tamworth (Tameweorthig), 322, 332, 340.

Tanaus, river, position discussed, 49.

Tasciovanus, British king, 27.

Taunton (Tantun), fortress built by King Ine, 216.

Taylor, Isaac, on distribution of Danes in England, 315, 316.

Telham, hill of, 485.

Tempsford (Temesanford), Danish fort at, 324.

Tettenhall, Danes defeated at, 320.

Teutonic conquest of England, 106–109.

Teutons pressed westward by Huns, 109, 110.

Thanet (Tenet), Isle of, 117, 118, 267, 268, 275, 353, 445.

Thegn right, 223.

_Thegns_, 228, 435.

Thelwall, Saxon “burh” at, 323.

Theodbald, brother of Ethelfrid, 134.

Theodore, Archbishop of Canterbury, 195–209.

Theodosius the Elder, 68.

Theodosius I., Emperor, 68, 71, 72.

Theodosius II. Emperor, 82.

_Theows_, or _esnes_, 225, 303.

Thetford, 277, 278, 343.

Thora, mother of Hakon, 331.

Thored, son of Gunnor, 353.

Thorfinn, Earl of Orkney, 462, 479.

Thorney Island (in Hertfordshire), 308.

Thorney Island (at Westminster), 457, 472.

Thorpe, Benjamin, 508.

Three Field System of farming, 221.

Thrum, gives _coup de grâce_ to Saint Alphege, 390.

_Thrymsa_, value of, 235.

Thurcytel of Northumbria, 396.

Thurgils Sprakalegg, cousin of Canute, 404.

Thurkill, Danish leader, 391, 392, 394, 401, 404.

Tincommius, British king, 26.

_Tithing_, 439.

Titus in Britain, 33.

Togodumnus, British chief, 29, 31.

Tondheri, servant of Oswin, 167.

Tonsures, Greek and Roman, 179, 186, 196.

Torksey occupied by Danes, 281.

Tortulf, or Tertullus, ancestor of Counts of Anjou, 370.

Tostig, son of Godwine, 449, 455, 461, 463, 465, 467, 470, 471, 477,
479–481, 484.

Towcester (Tofeceaster), relief and fortification of, 323, 324.

Trebellius Maximus, Roman governor, 45.

_Tributum_, Roman, 47.

Trinobantes, British tribe, 17–19, 28, 40.

_Trinoda necessitas_, 432, 436.

Trondhjem, Canute declared King of Norway at, 414.

Trumwine, Bishop of Abercorn, 192, 207.

Tuda, Bishop of Lindisfarne, 188.

_Tufa_ or _thuuf_ ornament on banner of Edwin, 143.

Tunberct, Bishop of Hexham, 206.

_Twelf-hynd_ man, 228, 305.

Twyford (Alnmouth), synod at, 206.

_Twy-hynd_ man, 228, 305, 430.

Ubba, Danish chief, murderer of St. Edmund, 277, 278, 284.

Uhtred, Earl of Northumbria, 396, 407, 408.

Ulf, Bishop of Dorchester, 457, 459.

Ulfcytel, ealdorman of East Anglia, 387, 397.

Ulf the Jarl, brother-in-law of Canute, 404, 413, 414, 444.

Utta, priest sent by Edwin to King of Kent, 165.

Valens, Emperor of Rome, 68.

Valentia, province of Britannia, 68.

Valentinian I., Emperor of Rome, 68.

Valentinian III., Emperor of Rome, 88.

Valerius Maximus, historian, 13.

Val-ès-Dunes, battle of, 456.

Vallum runs parallel to Roman Wall, 152, 251.

Veranius, Roman governor of Britain, 37.

Verica, British king, 26.

Verulamium (St. Albans), Britanno-Roman town, 27, 42, 76.

Vespasian, officer under Aulus Plautius, afterwards Emperor, 32, 33,
45, 46.

Vikings, 237, 260, 341, 456.

Villa, Roman, 77.

Vinogradoff, Professor Paul, 220 n., 221 n., 226 n., 304 n., 428 n.,
437 n., 508.

Virgate, extent of, 223.

Virius Lupus, Roman governor of Britain, 60.

Vitalian, Pope, 195.

Volusenus, 10, 12.

Vortigern, British king, 86, 88, 97, 102–104, 106, 107.

Vortimer, son of Vortigern, 103.

Vortipor, British king, 99.

Wace, William, 469, 483 n., 485 n., 505.

Wales, 34, 35, 41, 47, 74, 101, 102, 108, 123, 131, 144, 158, 186,
253, 336, 342, 449, 464, 466.

Wallingford, 376.

Waltham, minster at, 484, 490.

Waltheof, Earl of Northumbria, 407.

Waltheof, son of Siward, 463.

Wantage, birth-place of Alfred, 272.

Wantsum, in Kent, 117.

Wapentake, Danish equivalent for hundred, 429.

Warburton (Weardburh), Saxon burh at, 321.

Wareham (Werham), 283, 364.

Warwick (Waerinewic), Saxon burh at, 321.

Watchet (Wecedport), attacked by Danes, 321.

Watling Street, 73, 287, 309, 324.

Wat’s Dyke, 251.

“Wealas,” Romanised Celts, 111.

Wedmore, treaty of, 285.

Weland the Smith, 287.

Welsh. See also Cymri, 89, 90, 93, 177, 178, 309, 321, 356.

Welsh Church, 123, 124, 197.

Wembury (Wicganbeorg), Danes attack, 266.

Wendel Sea, or Mediterranean, 294.

_Wer_, 300, 302.

Werferth, Bishop of Worcester, 291.

_Wergild_, 226, 228, 229, 300, 435.

Wessex, 158, 161, 179, 180, 448, 464;
source of chronicle, 87, 88;
foundation, 80, 90;
its decline, 140, 177, 178;
revival under Egbert, 263–265.

Westminster Abbey, 446, 472.

Westmorland, harried, 353.

West Wales (Cornwall), 6, 34, 93, 108, 123, 265, 333, 336.

Wherwell, abbess of, 455.

Whitby (Streanæshalch), synod of, 180–188.

White Sea, explored, 294.

Whithern (Candida Casa), 146.

Wictgils, father of Hengest, 86, 88.

Wighard, candidate for archbishopric, 190.

Wight, Isle of, 33, 66, 80, 91, 174, 178, 214, 215, 375, 392, 458,
477, 478.

Wigmore (Wigingamere), burh built at, 323.

Wihtgar in Isle of Wight, 87, 91.

Wihtred’s laws, 218, 219.

Wilfrid, his education, 183;
at Ripon, 184;
his arguments at Synod of Whitby, 185;
elected Bishop of York, 193;
Ceadda (St. Chad), appointed to same see, 195;
dispute settled by Theodore of Tarsus, 198;
builds Hexham Abbey, 200;
his quarrels with Egfrid and Aldfrid, 202–212;
his visits to Rome, 203, 209;
death, 212.

William, Bishop of London, 457.

William Fitz Osbern, follower of William of Normandy, 475, 487.

William of Jumièges, historian, 505.

William Longsword, son of Rolf, 368, 369.

William of Malmesbury, historian, 105, 241, 266, 336 n., 337, 342,
354, 356, 357, 364, 392, 394, 503.

William of Normandy, 456, 457, 460, 461, 467–469, 471, 475–477, 482,
484–486, 489, 490.

William of Poitiers, historian, 505.

Willibrord, missionary to Germany, 203, 236.

Wilton, Danish victory at, 281.

Wimbledon (Wibbandune), battle of, 92.

Wimborne (Winburne), Ethelred I. buried at, 280.

Winchester (Venta Belgarum, Wintanceaster), 88, 90, 91, 182, 232,
275, 297, 314, 342, 343, 355, 416,418, 423, 451, 457, 460.

Windermere, princes drowned in, 247.

Winfrid, Bishop, 203.

Winwaed, perhaps river Went, battle of, 170, 171.

Wippedes-fleote, battle of, 89.

Wissant, possible place of Cæsar’s embarkation, 23.

_Wite_, 227, 300, 302.

_Witenagemot_, 141, 232, 267, 301, 319, 336, 337, 356, 362, 452, 454,
455, 459, 465.

_Wite-theows_, 225.

Woden, 86, 90, 133, 141.

Wodensburh (Wansborough?), 216.

Wodnesbeorge, battle of, 93.

Worcester (Wigraceaster), insurrection at, 422.

Workington, Lindisfarne gospels at, 282.

Wrdelau, St. Cuthbert’s body at, 406.

Wulfhere, King of Mercia, 172, 173, 178, 191, 195.

Wulfmaer, squire to Brihtnoth, 379.

Wulfnoth Child, rebels against Ethelred, 388.

Wulfstan, Archbishop of York, 340–342, 353.

Wulfstan, Norwegian pilot, 294.

Wulfthryth, a novice at Wilton, 358.

Wuscfrea, son of Edwin, 145.

Wynfrith. See Boniface.

Xiphilinus, abbreviator of Dion Cassius, 495.

Yard-land, extent of, 221, 222.

Yeavering, palace of Edwin of Deira, 143.

Yffi, son of Osfrid, 142, 145.

York (Eburacum, Eoforwic), 67, 94, 121, 138, 141, 193, 198, 257,
276, 322, 332, 340, 342, 470, 479, 482, 484.

Zimmer, commentator on Nennius, 100, 497.

Zosimus, Greek historian, 83.

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Transcriber’s Notes

Inconsistencies in hyphenation and spelling were not changed, except in a few cases where an Index entry was made consistent with the text on the page it referenced.

Simple typographical errors were corrected.

The index was not checked for proper alphabetization or correct page references.

In the Genealogy charts, the dagger † apparently indicates the last year of the King’s reign.

Footnotes, originally at the bottoms of pages, have been collected, resequenced, and positioned just before the Index.

Page 68: A possibly unbalanced quotation mark has not been remedied.

Page 87: For consistency with the text preceded by “(_a_)” on page 85, the text beginning with “The _Anglo-Saxon Chronicle_” on page 87 perhaps should be preceded by “(_b_)”.

The two illustrations just above this Note are maps.