Chapter XII: The Arrivall of the third Supply (3)

The Treasurer, Councell and Companie, having well furnished Captaine Samuel Argall, the Lady Pocahontas alias Rebecca, with her husband and others, in the good ship called the George, it pleased God at Gravesend to take this young Lady to his mercie, where shee made not more sorrow for her unexpected death, than joy to the beholders, to heare and see her make so religious and godly an end. Her little childe Thomas Rolfe therefore was left at Plimoth with Sir Lewis Stukly, that desired the keeping of it. Captaine Hamar his vice-Admirall was gone before, but hee found him at Plimoth. In March they set saile 1617. and in May he arrived at James towne, where hee was kindly entertained by Captaine Yearley and his Companie in a martiall order, whose right hand file was led by an Indian. In James towne he found but five or six houses, the Church downe, the Palizado's broken, the Bridge in pieces, the Well of fresh water spoiled; the Store-house they used for the Church, the market-place, and streets, and all other spare places planted with Tobacco, the Salvages as frequent in their houses as themselves, whereby they were become expert in our armes, and had a great many in their custodie and possession, the Colonie dispersed all about, planting Tobacco. Captaine Argall not liking those proceedings, altered them agreeable to his owne minde, taking the best order he could for repairing those defects which did exceedingly trouble us; we were constrained every yeere to build and repaire our old Cottages, which were alwaies a decaying in all places of the Countrie, yea, the very Courts of Guard built by Sir Thomas Dale, was ready to fall, and the Palizado's not sufficient to keepe out Hogs. Their number of people were about 400. but not past 200. fit for husbandry and tillage: we found there in all one hundred twentie eight cattell, and fourescore and eight Goats, besides innumerable numbers of Swine, and good plentie of Corne in some places, yet the next yeere the [IV.124.] Captaine sent out a Frigat and a Pinnace, {MN} that brought us neere six hundred bushels more, which did greatly relieve the whole Colonie: For from the tenants wee seldome had above foure hundred bushels of rent Corne to the store, and there was not remaining of the Companies companie, past foure and fiftie men, women and Children.

1618.
_Sir Thomas Smith Treasurer._

This yeere having planted our fields, came a great drought, and such a cruell storme of haile, which did such spoile both to the Corne and Tobacco, that wee reaped but small profit, the Magazine that came in the George, being five moneths in her passage, proved very badly conditioned, but ere she arrived, we had gathered and made up our Tobacco, the best at three shillings the pound, the rest at eighteene pence.

_The death of Lord la Ware._ {MN-1}

_They are relieved in New-England._ {MN-2}

To supply us, the Councell and Company with all possible care and diligence, furnished a good ship of some two hundred and fiftie tunne, with two hundred people and the Lord la Ware. They set saile in Aprill, and tooke their course by the westerne Iles, where the Governour of the Ile of Saint Michael received the Lord la Ware, and honourably feasted him, with all the content hee could give him. Going from thence, they were long troubled with contrary winds, in which time many of them fell very sicke, thirtie died, {MN-1} one of which number was that most honourable Lord Governour the Lord la Ware, whose most noble and generous disposition, is well knowne to his great cost, had beene most forward in this businesse for his Countries good: Yet this tender state of Virginia was not growne to that maturitie, to maintaine such state and pleasure as was fit for such a personage, with so brave and great attendance: for some small number of adventrous Gentlemen to make discoveries, and lie in Garrison, ready upon any occasion to keepe in feare the inconstant Salvages, nothing were more requisite, but to have more to wait & play than worke, or more commanders and officers than industrious labourers was not so necessarie: for in Virginia, a plaine Souldier that can use a Pick-axe and spade, is better than five Knights, although they were Knights that could breake a Lance; for men of great place, not inured to those incounters; when they finde things not sutable, grow many times so discontented, they forget themselves, & oft become so carelesse, that a discontented melancholy brings them to much sorrow, and to others much miserie. At last they stood in for the coast of New-England, where they met a small Frenchman, rich of Bevers and other Furres. {MN-2} Though wee had here but small knowledge of the coast nor countrie, yet they tooke such an abundance of Fish and Fowle, and so well refreshed themselves there with wood and water, as by the helpe of God thereby, having beene at Sea sixteene weekes, got to Virginia, who without this reliefe had beene in great danger to perish. The French-men made them such a feast, with such an abundance of varietie of Fish, Fowle and Fruits, as they all admired, and little expected that wild wildernesse could affoord such wonderfull abundance of plentie. In this ship came about two hundred men, but very little provision, and the ship called the Treasurer came in againe not long after with fortie passengers; the Lord la Wares ship lying in Virginia three moneths, wee victualled her with threescore bushels of Corne, and eight Hogsheads of flesh, besides other victuall she spent whilest they tarried there: this ship brought us advice that great multitudes were a preparing in England to bee sent, and relied much upon that victuall they should finde here: whereupon our Captaine called a Councell, and writ to the Councell here in England the estate of the Colonie, and what a great miserie would insue, if they sent not provision as well as people; and what they did suffer for want of skilfull husbandmen, and meanes to set their Ploughs on worke, having as good ground as any man can desire, and about fortie Bulls and Oxen, but they wanted men to bring them to labour, and Irons for the Ploughs, and harnesse for the Cattell. Some thirtie or fortie acres wee had sowne with one Plough, but it stood so long on the ground before it was reaped, it was most shaken, and the rest spoiled with the Cattell and Rats [IV.125.] in the Barne, but no better Corne could bee for the quantitie.

_Richard Killingbeck and foure other murdered by the Salvages._

_Their Church and Storehouse._ {MN-1}

_Fairfax, three children and two boys also murdered._ {MN-2}

Richard Killingbeck being with the Captaine at Kekoughtan, desired leave to returne to his wife at Charles hundred, hee went to James towne by water, there he got foure more to goe with him by land, but it proved that he intended to goe trade with the Indies of Chickahamania, where making shew of the great quantitie of trucke they had, which the Salvages perceiving, partly for their trucke, partly for revenge of some friends they pretended should have beene slaine by Captaine Yearley, one of them with an English peece shot Killingbeck dead, the other Salvages assaulted the rest and slew them, stripped them, and tooke what they had: But fearing this murther would come to light, and might cause them to suffer for it, would now proceed to the perfection of villanie; {MN-1} for presently they robbed their Machacomocko house of the towne, stole all the Indian treasure thereout, and fled into the woods, as other Indians related. {MN-2} On Sunday following, one Farfax that dwelt a mile from the towne, going to Church, left his wife and three small children safe at home, as he thought, and a young youth: she supposing praier to be done, left the children, and went to meet her husband; presently after came three or foure of those fugitive Salvages, entred the house, and slew a boy and three children, and also another youth that stole out of the Church in praier time, meeting them, was likewise murdered. Of this disaster the Captaine sent to Opechankanough for satisfaction, but he excused the matter, as altogether ignorant of it, at the same time the Salvages that were robbed were complaining to Opechankanough, and much feared the English would bee revenged on them, so that Opechankanough sent to Captaine Argall, to assure him the peace should never be broken by him, desiring that he would not revenge the injurie of those fugitives upon the innocent people of that towne, which towne he should have, and sent him a basket of earth, as possession given of it, and promised, so soone as possibly they could catch these robbers, to send him their heads for satisfaction, but he never performed it. Samuel Argall, John Rolfe.

1619.
_Sir Edwin Sands Treasurer._
_Master John Farer Deputie._

A relation from Master John Rolfe,
June 15. 1618.

_Powhatans death._ {MN-1}

_Haile-stones eight inches about._ {MN-2}

Concerning the state of our new Common-wealth, it is somewhat bettered, for we have sufficient to content our selves, though not in such abundance as is vainly reported in England. {MN-1} Powhatan died this last Aprill, yet the Indians continue in peace. Itopatin his second brother succeeds him, and both hee and Opechankanough have confirmed our former league. On the eleventh of May, about ten of the clocke in the night, happened a most fearefull tempest, but it continued not past halfe an houre, {MN-2} which powred downe hailestones eight or nine inches about, that none durst goe out of their doores, and though it tore the barke and leaves of the trees, yet wee finde not they hurt either man or beast; it fell onely about James towne, for but a mile to the East, and twentie to the West there was no haile at all. Thus in peace every man followed his building and planting without any accidents worthy of note. Some private differences happened betwixt Captaine Bruster and Captaine Argall, and Captaine Argall and the Companie here in England; but of them I am not fully informed, neither are they here for any use, and therefore unfit to be remembred. In December one Captaine Stallings, an old planter in those parts, being imployed by them of the West countrie for a fishing voyage, in New-England, fell foule of a Frenchman whom hee tooke, leaving his owne ship to returne for England, himselfe with a small companie remained in the French barke, some small time after upon the coast, and thence returned to winter in Virginia.

The government surrendred to Sir George [IV.126.]
Yearley.

_Waraskoyack planted._ {MN}

For to begin with the yeere of our Lord, 1619. there arrived a little Pinnace privatly from England about Easter for Captaine Argall, who taking order for his affaires, within foure or five daies returned in her, and left for his Deputy, Captaine Nathaniel Powell. On the eighteenth of Aprill, which was but ten or twelve daies after, arrived Sir George Yearley, by whom we understood Sir Edwin Sands was chosen Treasurer, and Master John Farrar his Deputy, and what great supplies was a preparing to be sent us, which did ravish us so much with joy and content, we thought our selves now fully satisfied, for our long toile and labours, and as happy men as any in the world. Notwithstanding, such an accident hapned Captaine Stallings, the next day his ship was cast away, and he not long after slaine in a private quarrell. Sir George Yearly to beginne his government, added to be of his councell, Captaine Francis West, Captaine Nathaniel Powell, Master John Pory, Master John Rolfe, and Master William Wickam, and Master Samuel Macocke, and propounded to have a generall assembly with all expedition. Upon the twelfth of this Moneth, came in a Pinnace of Captaine Bargraves, and on the seventeenth Captaine Lownes, and one Master Evans, {MN} who intended to plant themselves at Waraskoyack, but now Ophechankanough will not come at us, that causes us suspect his former promises.

_A barrell they account foure bushels._ {MN}

In May came in the Margaret of Bristoll, with foure and thirty men, all well and in health, and also many devout gifts, and we were much troubled in examining some scandalous letters sent into England, to disgrace this Country with barrennesse, to discourage the adventurers, and so bring it and us to ruine and confusion; notwithstanding, we finde by them of best experience, an industrious man not other waies imploied, may well tend foure akers of Corne, and 1000. plants of Tobacco, and where they say an aker will yeeld but three or foure barrels, we have ordinarily foure or five, but of new ground six, seven, and eight, and a barrell of Pease and Beanes, which we esteeme as good as two of Corne, which is after thirty or forty bushels an aker, so that one man may provide Corne for five, and apparell for two by the profit of his Tobacco; {MN} they say also English Wheat will yeeld but sixteene bushels an aker, and we have reaped thirty: besides to manure the Land, no place hath more white and blew Marble than here, had we but Carpenters to build and make Carts and Ploughs, and skilfull men that know how to use them, and traine up our cattell to draw them, which though we indevour to effect, yet our want of experience brings but little to perfection but planting Tobaco, and yet of that many are so covetous to have much, they make little good; besides there are so many sofisticating Tobaco-mungers in England, were it never so bad, they would sell it for Verinas, and the trash that remaineth should be Virginia, such devilish bad mindes we know some of our owne Country-men doe beare, not onely to the businesse, but also to our mother England her selfe; could they or durst they as freely defame her.

_The time of Parlament._ {MN-1}

_Foure corporations named._ {MN-2}

_Captaine Wards exploit._ {MN-3}

The 25. of June came in the Triall with Corne and Cattell all in safety, which tooke from us cleerely all feare of famine; {MN-1} then our governour and councell caused Burgesses to be chosen in all places, and met at a generall Assembly, where all matters were debated though expedient for the good of the Colony, and Captaine Ward was sent to Monahigan in new England, to fish in May, and returned the latter end of May, but to small purpose, for they wanted Salt: the George also was sent to New-found-land with the Cape Merchant, there she bought fish, that defraied her charges, and made a good voyage in seven weekes. About the last of August came in a dutch man of warre that sold us twenty Negars, and Japazous King of Patawomeck, came to James towne, to desire two ships to come trade in his River, for a more plentifull yeere of Corne had not beene in a long time, yet very contagious, and by the trechery of one Poule, in a manner turned heathen, wee were [IV.127.] very jealous the Salvages would surprize us. {MN-2} The Governours have bounded foure Corporations; which is the Companies, the University, the Governours and Gleabe land: Ensigne Wil. Spencer, & Thomas Barret a Sergeant, with some others of the ancient Planters being set free, we are the first farmers that went forth, and have chosen places to their content, so that now knowing their owne land, they strive who should exceed in building and planting. The fourth of November the Bona nova came in with all her people lusty and well; not long after one Master Dirmer sent out by some of Plimoth for New-England, arrived in a Barke of five tunnes, and returned the next Spring; notwithstanding the ill rumours of the unwholsomnesse of James towne, the new commers that were planted at old Paspaheghe, little more then a mile from it, had their healths better then any in the Country. {MN-3} In December Captaine Ward returned from Patawomeck, the people there dealt falsly with him, so that hee tooke 800. bushels of Corne from them perforce. Captaine Woddiffe of Bristol came in not long after, with all his people lusty and in health, and we had two particular Governors sent us, under the titles of Deputies to the Company, the one to have charge of the Colledge Lands, the other of the Companies: Now you are to understand, that because there have beene many complaints against the Governors, Captaines, and Officers in Virginia, for buying and selling men and boies, or to bee set over from one to another for a yeerely rent, was held in England a thing most intolerable, or that the tenants or lawfull servants should be put from their places, or abridged their Covenants, was so odious, that the very report thereof brought a great scandall to the generall action. The Councell in England did send many good and worthy instructions for the amending those abuses, and appointed a hundred men should at the Companies charge be allotted and provided to serve and attend the Governour during the time of his government, which number he was to make good at his departure, and leave to his Successor in like manner, fifty to the Deputy-Governour of the College land, and fifty to the Deputy of the Companies land, fifty to the Treasurer, to the Secretary five and twenty, and more to the Marshall and Cape merchant; which they are also to leave to their successors, and likewise to every particular Officer such a competency, as he might live well in his Office, without oppressing any under their charge, which good law I pray God it be well observed, and then we may truly say in Virginia, we are the most happy people in the world. By me John Rolfe.

_The number of Ships and men._

There went this yeere by the Companies records, 11. ships and 1216. persons to be thus disposed on: Tenants for the Governors land fourescore, besides fifty sent the former spring; for the Companies land a hundred and thirty, for the College a hundred, for the Glebe land fifty, young women to make wives ninety, servants for publike service fifty, and fifty more whose labours were to bring up thirty of the infidels children, the rest were sent to private Plantations.

_Gifts given._

_But few performe them._ {MN}

Two persons unknowne have given faire Plate and Ornaments for two Communion Tables, the one at the College, the other at the Church of Mistris Mary Robinson, who towards the foundation gave two hundred pound. And another unknowne person sent to the Treasurer five hundred and fifty pounds, for the bringing up of the salvage children in Christianity. Master Nicholas Farrar deceased, hath by his Will given three hundred pounds to the College, to be paid when there shall be ten young Salvages placed in it, in the meane time foure and twenty pound yeerely to bee distributed unto three discreet and godly young men in the Colony, to bring up three wilde young infidels in some good course of life, also there were granted eleven Pattents, {MN} upon condition to transport people and cattle to increase the Plantations.

A.D. 1620.
_The Earle of Southampton Treasurer,
and M. John Ferrar Deputy._

[IV.128.] A desperat Sea-fight betwixt two Spanish men of warre, and
a small English ship, at the Ile of Dominica going to Virginia, by
Captaine Anthony Chester.

_A French-man cast away at Guardalupo._ {MN-1}

_The Spaniards begin._ {MN-2}

_The Vice-Admirall shot between wind and water,_ {MN-3}

Having taken our journey towards Virginia in the beginning of February, a ship called the Margaret and John, of one hundred and sixty tuns, eight Iron Peeces and a Falcon, with eightie Passengers besides Sailers; After many tempests and foule weather, about the foureteenth of March we were in thirteene degrees and an halfe of Northerly latitude, where we descried a ship at hull; it being but a faire gale of wind, we edged towards her to see what she was, but she presently set saile, and ran us quickly out of sight: This made us keepe our course for Mettalina, and the next day passing Dominica, we came to an anchor at Guardalupo, to take in fresh water. {MN-1} Six French-men there cast away sixteene moneths agoe came aboord us; they told us a Spanish man of Warre but seven daies before was seeking his consort, and this was she we descried at hull. At Mevis we intended to refresh our selves, having beene eleven weeks pestered in this unwholsome ship; but there we found two tall ships with the Hollanders colours, but necessitie forcing us on shore, we anchored faire by them, and in friendly manner sent to hale them: {MN-2} but seeing they were Spaniards, retiring to our ship, they sent such a volley of shot after us, that shot the Boat, split the Oares, and some thorow the clothes, yet not a man hurt; and then followed with their great Ordnance, that many times over-racked our ship, which being so cumbred with the Passengers provisions, our Ordnance was not well fitted, nor any thing as it should have beene. But perceiving what they were, we fitted our selves the best we could to prevent a mischiefe, seeing them warp themselves to windward, we thought it not good to be boorded on both sides at an anchor, we intended to set saile, but that the Vice-Admirall battered so hard our star-boord side, that we fell to our businesse, and answered their unkindnesse with such faire shot from a Demiculvering, {MN-3} that shot her betweene wind and water, whereby she was glad to leave us and her Admirall together. Comming faire by our quarter, he tooke in his Holland flag, and put forth his Spanish colours, and so haled us.

_The manner of their fight._ {MN}

We quietly and quickly answered him, both what wee were, and whither bound, relating the effect of our Commission, and the cause of our comming thither for water, and not to annoy any of the King of Spaines Subjects, nor any. She commanded us amaine for the King of Spaine, we replied with inlarging the particulars what friends both the Kings our Masters were, and as we would doe no wrong, we would take none. They commanded us aboord to shew our Commission, which we refused, but if they would send their Boat to us willingly they should see it. {MN} But for answer they made two great shot at us, with a volley of small shot, which caused us to leave the decks; then with many ill words they laid us aboord, which caused us to raise our maine saile, and give the word to our small shot which lay close and ready, that paid them in such sort, they quickly retired. The fight continued halfe an houre, as if we had beene invironed with fire and smoke, untill they discovered the waste of our ship naked, where they bravely boorded us loofe for loofe, hasting with pikes and swords to enter, but it pleased God so to direct our Captaine, and encourage our men with valour, that our pikes being formerly placed under our halfe deck, and certaine shot lying close for that purpose under the Port holes, encountred them so rudely, that their fury was not onely rebated, but their hastinesse intercepted, and their whole company beaten backe, many of our men were hurt, but I am sure they had two for one.

_The Captaine slaine._ {MN}

In the end they were violently repulsed, untill they [IV.129.] were reinforced to charge againe by their commands, who standing upon their honors, thought it a great indignity to be so affronted, which caused a second charge, and that answered with a second beating backe: whereat the Captaine grew inraged, and constrained them to come on againe afresh, which they did so effectually, that questionlesse it had wrought an alteration, if the God that tosseth Monarchies, and teareth Mountaines, had not taught us to tosse our Pikes with prosperous events, and powred out a volley of small shot amongst them, {MN} whereby that valiant Commander was slaine, and many of his Souldiers dropped downe likewise on the top of the hatches. This we saw with our eies, and rejoyced with it at our hearts, so that we might perceive good successe comming on, our Captaine presently tooke advantage of their discomfiture, though with much comiseration of that resolute Captaine, and not onely plied them againe with our Ordnance, but had more shot under the Pikes, which was bestowed to good purpose, and amazed our enemies with the suddennesse.

_A worthy exploit of Lucas._

_The event of the fight._ {MN}

Amongst the rest, one Lucas, our Carpenters Mate, must not be forgotten, who perceiving a way how to annoy them; As they were thus puzled and in a confusion, drew out a Minion under the halfe decke, and there bent it upon them in such a manner, that when it was fired, the cases of stones and peeces of Iron fell upon them so thick, as cleared the decke, and slew many, and in short time we saw few assailants, but such as crept from place to place covertly from the fury of our shot, which now was thicker than theirs: for although as far as we may commend our enemies, they had done something worthy of commendations; yet either wanting men, or being overtaken with the unlooked for valour of our men, they now began to shrinke, and give us leave to be wanton with our advantage. Yet we could onely use but foure peece of Ordnances, but they served the turne as well as all the rest: for she was shot so oft betweene wind and water, we saw they were willing to leave us, but by reason she was fast in the latch of our cable, which in haste of weighing our anchor hung aloofe, she could not cleare her selfe as she wrought to doe, till one cut the Cable with an axe, and was slaine by freeing us. Having beene aboord us two houres and an halfe, seeing her selfe cleere, all the shot wee had plaied on both sides, which lasted till we were out of shot, then we discovered the Vice-Admirall comming to her assistance, who began a farre off to ply us with their Ordnances, and put us in minde we had another worke in hand. Whereupon we separated the dead and hurt bodies, and manned the ship with the rest, and were so well incouraged wee waifed them a maine. The Admirall stood aloofe off, and the other would not come within Falcon shot, where she lay battering us till shee received another paiment from a Demiculvering, which made her beare with the shore for smooth water to mend her leakes. The next morning they both came up againe with us, as if they had determined to devour us at once, but it seemed it was but a bravado, though they forsooke not our quarter for a time within Musket shot; yet all the night onely they kept us company, but made not a shot. During which time we had leasure to provide us better than before: but God be thanked they made onely but a shew of another assault, ere suddenly the Vice-admirall fell a starne, and the other lay shaking in the wind, and so they both left us. {MN} The fight continued six houres, and was the more unwelcome, because we were so ill provided, and had no intent to fight, nor give occasion to disturbe them. As for the losse of men, if Religion had not taught us what by the providence of God is brought to passe, yet daily experience might informe us, of the dangers of wars, and perils at sea, by stormes tempests, shipwracks, encounters with Pirats, meeting with enemies, crosse winds, long voiages, unknowne shores, barbarous Nations, and an hundred inconveniences, of which humane pollicies are not capable, nor mens conjectures apprehensive. We lost Doctor Bohun, a worthy valiant Gentleman, (a long time brought up amongst the most learned Surgeons, and Physitions in Netherlands, and this his second journey to Virginia:) and seven slaine out right, two died shortly [IV.130.] of their wounds; sixteene was shot, whose limbs God be thanked was recovered without maime, and now setled in Virginia: how many they lost we know not, but we saw a great many lie on the decks, and their skuppers runne with bloud, they were about three hundred tunnes apeece, each sixteene or twentie Brasse-peeces. Captaine Chester, who in this fight had behaved himselfe like a most vigilant, resolute, and a couragious souldier, as also our honest and valiant master, did still so comfort and incourage us by all the meanes they could, at last to all our great contents we arrived in Virginia, and from thence returned safely to England.

The Names of the Adventurers for Virginia, Alphabetically set downe,
according to a printed Booke, set out by the Treasurer and Councell
in this present yeere, 1620.

A

Sir William Aliffe. William Atkinson, Esquire.
Sir Roger Aston. Richard Ashcroft.
Sir Anthony Ashley. Nicholas Andrews.
Sir John Akland. John Andrews the elder.
Sir Anthonie Aucher. John Andrews the younger.
Sir Robert Askwith. James Ascough.
Doctor Francis Anthony. Giles Allington.
Charles Anthony. Morris Abbot.
Edward Allen. Ambrose Asten.
Edmund Allen Esquire. James Askew.
John Allen. Anthony Abdey.
Thomas Allen. John Arundell, Esquire.

B

Edward, Earle of Bedford. Sir Henry Beddingfield.
James, Lord Bishop of Bathe Companie of Barbers-Surgeons.
and Wells.
Sir Francis Barrington. Companie of Bakers.
Sir Morice Barkley. Richard Banister.
Sir John Benet. John Bancks.
Sir Thomas Beamont. Miles Bancks.
Sir Amias Bamfield. Thomas Barber.
Sir John Bourcher. William Bonham.
Sir Edmund Bowyer. James Bryerley.
Sir Thomas Bludder. William Earners.
Sir George Bolles. Anthony Earners, Esquire.
Sir John Bingley. William Brewster.
Sir Thomas Button. Richard Brooke.
Hugh Brooker, Esquire. John Bullock.
Ambrose Brewsey. George Bache.
John Brooke. Thomas Bayly.
Matthew Bromridge. William Barkley.
Christopher Brooke, George Butler.
Esquire. Timothie Bathurst.
Martin Bond. George Burton.
Gabriel Beadle. Thomas Bret.
John Beadle. Captaine John Brough.
David Borne. Thomas Baker.
Edward Barnes. John Blunt.
John Badger. Thomas Bayly.
Edmund Brandvell. Richard and Edward Blunt.
Robert Bowyer, Esquire. Mineon Burrell.
Robert Bateman. Richard Blackmore.
Thomas Britton. William Beck.
Nicholas Benson. Benjamin Brand. [IV.131.]
Edward Bishop. John Busbridge.
Peter Burgoney. William Burrell.
Thomas Burgoney. William Barret.
Robert Burgoney. Francis Baldwin.
Christopher Baron. Edward Barber.
Peter Benson. Humphrey Basse.
John Baker. Robert Bell.
John Bustoridge. Matthew Bromrick.
Francis Burley. John Beaumont.
William Browne. George Barkley.
Robert Barker. Peter Bartle.
Samuel Burnham. Thomas Bretton.
Edward Barkley. John Blount.
William Bennet. Arthur Bromfeld Esquire.
Captaine Edward Brewster. William Berbloke.
Thomas Brocket. Charles Beck.

C

George, Lord Archbishop of William Lord Cranborne,
Canterburie. now Earle of Salisburie.
William, Lord Compton, Thomas Carpenter.
now Earle of Anthony Crew.
Northhampton. Richard Cox.
William Lord Cavendish, William Crosley.
now Earle of Devonshire. James Chatfeild.
Richard Earle of Clanricard. Richard Caswell.
Sir William Cavendish now John Cornelis.
Lord Cavendish. Randall Carter.
Gray, Lord Chandos. Executors of Randall Carter.
Sir Henry Cary. William Canning.
Sir George Calvert. Edward Carve, Esquire.
Sir Lionell Cranfield. Thomas Cannon, Esquire.
Sir Edward Cecill. Richard Champion.
Sir Robert Gotten. Rawley Crashaw.
Sir Oliver Cromwell. Henry Collins.
Sir Anthony Cope. Henry Cromwell.
Sir Walter Cope. John Cooper.
Sir Edward Carr. Richard Cooper.
Sir Thomas Conisbie. John Casson. [IV.132.]
Sir George Cary. Thomas Colthurst.
Sir Edward Conwey. Allen Gotten.
Sir Walter Chute. Edward Cage.
Sir Edward Culpeper. Abraham Carthwright.
Sir Henry Cary, Captaine. Robert Coppin.
Sir William Craven. Thomas Conock.
Sir Walter Covert. John Clapham.
Sir George Coppin. Thomas Church.
Sir George Chute. William Carpenter.
Sir Thomas Coventry. Laurence Campe.
Sir John Cutts. James Cambell.
Lady Cary. Christopher Cletheroe.
Company of Cloth-workers. Matthew Cooper.
Citie of Chichester. George Chamber.
Robert Chamberlaine. Captaine John Cooke.
Richard Chamberlaine. Captaine Thomas Conwey,
Francis Covill. Esquire.
William Coyse, Esquire. Edward Culpeper, Esquire.
Abraham Chamberlaine. Master William Crashaw.
Abraham Colmer. Richard Connock, Esquire.
John Culpeper. William Compton.
Edmund Colbey. William Chester.
Richard Cooper. Thomas Covel.
Robert Creswell. Richard Carmarden, Esquire.
John Cage, Esquire. William and Paul Canning.
Matthew Cave. Henry Cromwell, Esquire.
William Crowe. Simon Codrington.
Abraham Carpenter. Clement Chichley.
John Crowe. James Cullemore.
Thomas Cordell. William Cantrell.

D

Richard Earle of Dorset. William Dunne.
Edward Lord Denny. John Davis.
Sir John Digbie, now Lord Matthew Dequester.
Digbie. Philip Durdent.
Sir John Doderidge. Abraham Dawes.
Sir Drew Drewry the John Dike.
elder. Thomas Draper.
Sir Thomas Dennis. Lancelot Davis.
Sir Robert Drewry. Rowley Dawsey.
Sir John Davers. William Dobson Esquire.
Sir Dudley Digs. Anthony Dyot, Esquire.
Sir Marmaduke Dorrel. Avery Dranfield.
Sir Thomas Dale. Roger Dye.
Sir Thomas Denton. John Downes.
Companie of Drapers. John Drake.
Thomas Bond, Esquire. John Delbridge.
David Bent, Esquire. Benjamin Decree.
Companie of Dyers. Thomas Dyke.
Towne of Dover. Jeffery Duppa.
Master Richard Deane, Daniel Darnelly.
Alderman. Sara Draper.
Henry Dawkes. Clement and Henry Dawkney.
Edward Dichfield.

E

Thomas, Earle of Exeter. Hugh Evans.
Sir Thomas Everfield. Raph Ewens, Esquire.
Sir Francis Egiock. John Elkin.
Sir Robert Edolph. John Elkin.
John Eldred, Esquire. Robert Evelin.
William Evans. Nicholas Exton.
Richard Evans. John Exton.
George Etheridge.

F

Sir Moyle Finch. John Farrar.
Sir Henry Fanshaw. Giles Francis.
Sir Thomas Freake. Edward Fawcet.
Sir Peter Fretchuile. Richard Farrington.
Sir William Fleetwood. John Francklin. [IV.133]
Sir Henry Fane. Richard Frith.
Company of Fishmongers. John Feme.
John Fletcher. George Farmer.
John Farmer. Thomas Francis.
Martin Freeman, Esquire. John Fenner.
Ralph Freeman. Nicholas Fuller, Esquire.
William and Ralph Freeman. Thomas Foxall.
Michael Fetiplace. William Fleet.
William Fettiplace. Peter Franck, Esquire.
Thomas Forrest. Richard Fishborne.
Edward Fleetwood, Esquire. William Faldoe.
William Felgate. John Fletcher, and Company.
William Field. William Ferrars.
Nicholas Ferrar.

G

Lady Elizabeth Gray. Sir Thomas Gates.
Sir John Gray. Sir William Gee.
Sir William Godolfine. Sir Richard Grobham.
Sir William Garaway. John Gray.
Sir Francis Goodwin. Nicholas Griece.
Sir George Goring. Richard Goddard.
Sir Thomas Grantham. Thomas Gipps.
Company of Grocers. Peter Gates.
Company of Goldsmiths. Thomas Gibbs, Esquire.
Company of Girdlers. Laurence Greene.
John Geering. William Greenwell.
John Gardiner. Robert Garset.
Richard Gardiner. Robert Gore.
John Gilbert. Thomas Gouge.
Thomas Grave. Francis Glanvile, Esquire.

H

Henry, Earle of Huntington. Master Hugh Hamersley,
Lord Theophilus Haward, Alderman.
L. Walden. Master Richard Heron,
Sir John Harrington, Alderman.
L. Harington. Richard Humble, Esquire.
Sir John Hollis, now Lord Master Richard Hackleuit.
Hautein. Edward Harrison.
Sir Thomas Holecroft. George Holeman.
Sir William Harris. Robert Hill.
Sir Thomas Harefleet. Griffin Hinton.
Sir George Haiward. John Hawkins.
Sir Warwicke Heale. William Hancocke.
Sir Baptist Hicks. John Harper.
Sir John Hanham. George Hawger.
Sir Thomas Horwell. John Holt.
Sir Thomas Hewit. John Huntley.
Sir William Herrick. Jeremy Heiden.
Sir Eustace Hart. Ralph Hamer.
Sir Pory Huntley. Ralph Hamer, Junior.
Sir Arthur Harris. John Hodgeson.
Sir Edward Heron. John Hanford.
Sir Persevall Hart. Thomas Harris. [IV.134.]
Sir Ferdinando Heiborne. Richard Howell.
Sir Lawrence Hide. Thomas Henshaw.
Leonard Harwood. James Haiward.
Tristram Hill. Nicholas Hide, Esquire.
Francis Haselridge. John Hare, Esquire.
Tobias Hinson. William Hackwell, Esquire.
Peter Heightley. Gressam Hoogan.
George Hawkenson. Humfrey Hanford.
Thomas Hackshaw. William Haselden.
Charles Hawkens. Nicholas Hooker.
John Hodgis. Doctor Anthony Hunton.
William Holland. John Hodsale.
Robert Hartley. George Hooker.
Gregory Herst. Anthony Hinton.
Thomas Hodgis. John Hogsell.
William Hodgis. Thomas Hampton.
Roger Harris. William Hicks.
John Harris. William Holiland.
M. John Haiward. Ralph Harison.
Harman Harison.

I

Sir Thomas Jermyn. Thomas Jadwine.
Sir Robert Johnson. John Josua.
Sir Arthur Ingram. George Isam.
Sir Francis Jones. Philip Jacobson.
Company of Ironmongers. Peter Jacobson.
Company of Inholders. Thomas Juxson Senior.
Company of Imbroyderers. James Jewell.
Bailiffes of Ipswich. Gabriel Jaques.
Henry Jackson. Walter Jobson.
Richard Ironside. Edward James.
M. Robert Johnson Alderman. Zachary Jones, Esquire.
Thomas Jones. Anthony Irbye, Esquire.
William Jobson. William I-anson.
Thomas Johnson. Humfrey Jobson.

K

Sir Valentine Knightley. Sir Charles Kelke.
Sir Robert Killegrew. Sir John Kaile.
Richard Kirrill. Henry Kent.
John Kirrill. Towne of Kingslynne.
Raph King. John Kettleby, Esquire.
Walter Kirkham, Esquire.

L

Henry Earle of Lincolne. Morris Lewellin.
Robert, L. Lisle, now Earle Edward Lewis.
of Leicester. Edward Lewkin.
Thomas, Lord Laware. Peter Lodge.
Sir Francis Leigh. Thomas Layer.
Sir Richard Lowlace. Thomas Lawson.
Sir William Litton. Francis Lodge. [IV.135.]
Sir John Lewson. John Langley.
Sir William Lower. David Loide.
Sir Samuel Leonard. John Levitt.
Sir Samson Leonard. Thomas Fox and Luke
Company of Lethersellers. Lodge.
Thomas Laughton. Captaine Richard Linley.
William Lewson. Arnold Lulls.
Peter Latham. William Lawrence.
Peter Van Lore. John Landman.
Henry Leigh. Nicholas Lichfield.
Thomas Levar. Nicholas Leate.
Christofer Landman. Gedeon de Laune.

M

Philip Earle of Sir Peter Manhood.
Montgomerie. Sir John Merrick.
Doctor George Mountaine, Sir George More.
now Lord Bishop of Sir Robert Mansell.
Lincolne. Sir Arthur Mannering.
William Lord Mounteagle, Sir David Murrey.
now Lord Morley. Sir Edward Michelborn.
Sir Thomas Mansell. Sir Thomas Middleton.
Sir Thomas Mildmay. Sir Robert Miller.
Sir William Maynard. Sir Cavaliero Maicott.
Sir Humfrey May. Doctor James Meddus.
Richard Martin, Esquire. Josias Maude.
Company of Mercers. Richard Morton.
Company of Merchant George Mason.
Taylors. Thomas Maddock.
Otho Mowdite. Richard Moore.
Captaine John Martin. Nicholas Moone.
Arthur Mouse. Alfonsus van Medkerk.
Adrian More. Captaine Henry Meoles.
Thomas Mountford. Philip Mutes.
Thomas Morris. Thomas Mayall.
Ralph Moorton. Humfrey Marret.
Francis Mapes. Jarvis Mundz.
Richard Maplesden. Robert Mildmay.
James Monger. William Millet.
Peter Monsell. Richard Morer.
Robert Middleton. John Miller.
Thomas Maile. Thomas Martin.
John Martin. John Middleton.
Francis Middleton.

N

Dudly, Lord North. William Nicols.
Francis, Lord Norris. George Newce.
Sir Henry Nevill of Joseph Newberow.
Barkshire. Christopher Newgate.
Thomas Nicols. Thomas Norincott.
Christopher Nicols. Jonathan Nuttall.
Thomas Norton.

O

William Oxenbridge, Robert Offley.
Esquire. Francis Oliver.

P

William, Earle of Pembroke. Sir Christofer Parkins.
William, Lord Paget. Sir Amias Preston.
John, Lord Petre. Sir Nicholas Parker.
George Percy, Esquire. Sir William Poole.
Sir Stephen Powell. Allen Percy.
Sir Henry Peyton. Abraham Peirce.
Sir James Perrot. Edmund Peirce.
Sir John Pettus. Phenice Pet.
Sir Robert Payne. Thomas Philips.
William Payne. Henry Philpot.
John Payne. Master George Procter.
Edward Parkins. Robert Penington.
Edward Parkins his widow. Peter Peate. [IV.136.]
Aden Perkins. John Prat.
Thomas Perkin. William Powell.
Richard Partridge. Edmund Peashall.
William Palmer. Captaine William Proude.
Miles Palmer. Henry Price.
Robert Parkhurst. Nicholas Pewriffe.
Richard Percivall, Esquire. Thomas Pelham.
Richard Poyntell. Richard Piggot.
George Pretty. John Pawlet, Esquire.
George Pit. Robert Pory.
Richard Paulson.

Q

William Quicke.

R

Sir Robert Rich, now Earle John Russell.
of Warwicke. Richard Rogers.
Sir Thomas Row. Arthur Robinson.
Sir Henry Rainsford. Robert Robinson.
Sir William Romney. Millicent Ramsden.
Sir John Ratcliffe. John Robinson.
Sir Steven Ridlesdon. George Robins.
Sir William Russell. Nichalas Rainton.
Master Edward Rotheram, Henry Rolffe.
Alderman. John Reignolds.
Robert Rich. Elias Roberts.
Tedder Roberts. Henry Reignolds,
Henry Robinson. Esquire.
William Roscarrocke, Humfrey Raymell.
Esquire. Richard Robins.

S

Henry, Earle of John Stokley.
Southampton. Richard Staper.
Thomas Earle of Suffolke. Robert Singleton.
Edward Semer, Earle of Thomas Shipton.
Hartford. Cleophas Smith.
Robert, Earle of Salisbury. Richard Strongtharm.
Mary, Countesse of Hildebrand Spruson.
Shrewsbury. Matthew Scrivener.
Edmund, Lord Sheffield. Othowell Smith.
Robert, Lord Spencer. George Scot.
John Lord Stanhope. Hewet Stapers.
Sir John Saint-John. James Swift. [IV.137.]
Sir Thomas Smith. Richard Stratford.
Sir John Samms. Edmund Smith.
Sir John Smith. Robert Smith.
Sir Edwin Sandys. Matthias Springham.
Sir Samuel Sandys. Richard Smith.
Sir Steven Some. Edward Smith.
Sir Raph Shelton. Jonathan Smith.
Sir Thomas Stewkley. Humfrey Smith.
Sir William Saint-John. John Smith.
Sir William Smith. George Swinhow.
Sir Richard Smith. Joseph Some.
Sir Martin Stutevill. William Sheckley.
Sir Nicolas Salter. John Southick.
Doctor Matthew Sutcliffe of Henry Shelley.
Exeter. Walter Shelley.
Captaine John Smith. Richard Snarsborow.
Thomas Sandys, Esquire. George Stone.
Henry Sandys, Esquire. Hugh Shepley.
George Sandys, Esquire. William Strachey.
Company of Skinners. Urion Spencer.
Company of Salters. John Scarpe.
Company of Stationers. Thomas Scott.
William Sharpe. William Seabright, Esquire.
Steven Sparrow. Nicholas Sherwell.
Thomas Stokes. Augustine Steward.
Richard Shepard. Thomas Stile.
Henry Spranger. Abraham Speckhard.
William Stonnard. Edmund Scot.
Steven Sad. Francis Smalman.
John Stockley. Gregory Sprint, Esquire.
Thomas Stevens. Thomas Stacey.
Matthew Shepard. William Sandbatch.
Thomas Sherwell. Augustine Stuard, Esquire.

T

Sir William Twisden. Charles Towler.
Sir William Throckmorton. William Tayler.
Sir Nicholas Tuston. Leonard Townson.
Sir John Trever. Richard Tomlins.
Sir Thomas Tracy. Francis Tate, Esquire.
George Thorpe, Esquire. Andrew Troughton.
Doctor William Turner. George Tucker.
The Trinity house. Henry Timberlake.
Richard Turner. William Tucker.
John Taverner. Lewis Tite.
Daniel Tucker. Robert Thornton.

V

Sir Horatio Vere. Richard Venne.
Sir Walter Vaughan. Christopher Vertue.
Henry Vincent. John Vassell.
Arthur Venne.

W

Henry Bishop of Worcester. Sir John Wats.
Francis West, Esquire. Sir Hugh Worrell.
Sir Ralph Winwood. Sir Edward Waterhouse.
Sir John Wentworth. Sir Thomas Wilsford.
Sir William Waad. Sir Richard Williamson.
Sir Robert Wroth. Sir John Wolstenholm.
Sir Percival Willoby. Sir Thomas Walsingham.
Sir Charles Wilmott. Sir Thomas Watson.
Sir Thomas Wilson. Richard Widowes.
Sir John Weld. David Waterhouse, Esquire.
Mistris Kath. West, now Captaine Owen Winne.
Lady Conway. Randall Wetwood.
John Wroth, Esquire. George Wilmer, Esquire.
Captaine Maria Winckfield, Edward Wilkes.
Esquire. Leonard White.
Thomas Webb. Andrew Willmer.
Rice Webb. Clement Willmer.
Edward Webb. George Walker.
Sands Webb. William Welbie.
Felix Wilson. Francis Whistler.
Thomas White. Thomas Wells.
Richard Wissen. Captaine Thomas Winne. [IV.138.]
William Williamson. John Whittingham.
Humfrey Westwood. Thomas Wheeler.
Hugh Willeston. William Willet.
Thomas Wheatley. Devereux Woogam.
William Wattey. John Walker.
William Webster. Thomas Wood.
James White. John Willes.
Edmund Winne. Nicholas Wheeler.
John West. Thomas Wale.
John Wright. William Wilston.
Edward Wooller. John Waller.
Thomas Walker. William Ward.
John Wooller. William Willeston.
John Westrow. John Water.
Edward Welch. Thomas Warr, Esquire.
Nathaniel Waad. David Wiffen.
Garret Weston.

Y

Sir George Yeardley, now William Yong.
Governour of Virginia. Simon Yeomans.

Z

Edward, Lord Zouch. John Zouch, Esquire.

That most generous and most honourable Lord, the Earle of Southhampton, being pleased to take upon him the title of Treasurer, and Master John Farrar his Deputy, with such instructions as were necessary, and admonitions to all Officers to take heede of extortion, ingrosing commodities, forestalling of markets, especially to have a vigilant care, the familiarity of the Salvages living amongst them made them not way to betray or surprize them, for the building of Guest-houses to relieve the weake in, and that they did wonder in all this time they had made no discoveries, nor knew no more then the very place whereon they did inhabit, nor yet could ever see any returne for all this continuall charge and trouble, therefore they sent to be added to the Councell seven Gentlemen, namely Mr. Thorp, Captaine Nuce, Mr. Tracy, Captaine Middleton, Captaine Blount, Mr. John Pountas, and Mr. Harwood, with men, munition, and all things thought fitting, but they write from Virginia, many of the Ships were so pestred with diseased people, & thronged together in their passage, there was much sicknesse and a great mortality, wherfore they desired rather a few able sufficient men well provided, then great multitudes, and because there were few accidents of note, but private advertisements by letters, we will conclude this yeere, and proceed to the next. Collected out of the Councels letters for Virginia.

A.D. 1621.

_The Earle of South-hampton Treasurer.
Master John Farrar Deputy._

_The election of Sir Francis Wyat Governour
for Virginia._ {MN-1}

_Notes worthy observation._{MN-2}

The instructions and advertisements for this yeere were both from England and Virginia, much like the last: only whereas before they had ever a suspicion of Opechankanough, and all the rest of the Salvages, they had an eye over him more then any, but now they all write so confidently of their assured peace with the Salvages, there is now no more feare nor danger either of their power or trechery, so that every man planteth himselfe where he pleaseth, and followeth his businesse securely. {MN-1} But the time or Sir George Yearley being neere [IV.139.] expired, the Councel here made choise of a worthy young Gentleman Sir Francis Wyat to succeed him, whom they forthwith furnished and provided, as they had done his Predecessors, with all the necessary instructions all these times had acquainted them for the conversion of the Salvages, the suppressing of planting Tobacco, and planting of Corne, not depending continually to be supplied by the Salvages, but in case of necessity to trade with them, whom long ere this, it hath beene promised and expected should have beene fed and relieved by the English, not the English by them; and carefully to redresse all the complaints of the needlesse mortality of their people, and by all diligence seeke to send something home to satisfie the Adventurers, that all this time had only lived upon hopes, grew so weary and discouraged, that it must now be substance that must maintaine their proceedings, & not letters, excuses and promises; seeing they could get so much and such great estates for themselves, {MN-2} as to spend after the rate of 100. pounds, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10. nay some 2000. or 3000. pounds yearely, that were not worth so many pence when they went to Virginia, can scarce containe themselves either in diet, apparell, gaming, and all manner of such superfluity, within a lesse compasse than our curious, costly, and consuming Gallants here in England, which cannot possibly be there supported, but either by oppressing the Comminalty there, or deceiving the generality here (or both.) Extracted out of the Councels Letters for Virginia.

_A degression_

From Virginia, by the relations of the Chieftains there, & many I have conferred with, that came from thence hither, I have much admired to heare of the incredible pleasure, profit and plenty this Plantation doth abound in, and yet could never heare of any returne but Tobacco, but it hath oft amazed me to understand how strangely the Salvages hath beene taught the use of our armes, and imploied in hunting and fowling with our fowling peeces, and our men rooting in the ground about Tobacco like Swine; besides that, the Salvages that doe little but continually exercise their bow and arrowes, should dwell and lie so familiarly amongst our men that practised little but the Spade, being so farre asunder, and in such small parties dispersed, and neither Fort, exercise of armes used, Ordnances mounted, Courts of guard, nor any preparation nor provision to prevent a forraine enemy, much more the Salvages howsoever; for the Salvages uncertaine conformity I doe not wonder, but for their constancy and conversion, I am and ever have beene of the opinion of Master Jonas Stockam a Minister in Virginia, who even at this time, when all things were so prosperous, and the Salvages at the point of conversion, against all their Governours and Councels opinions, writ to the Councell and Company in England to this effect.

May 28.

_Master Stockams Relation._

We that have left our native country to sojourne in a strange land, some idle spectators, who either cowardly dare not, or covetously will not adventure either their purses or persons in so commendable a worke; others supporting Atlas of this almost unsupportable burdens as your selves, without whose assistance this Virginia Firmament (in which some) and I hope in short time will shine many more glorious Starres, though there be many Italiannated and Spaniolized Englishmen envies our prosperities, and by all their ignominious scandals they can devise seekes to dishearten what they can, those that are willing to further this glorious enterprize, to such I wish according to the decree of Darius, that whosoever is an enemy to our peace, and seeketh either by getting monipolicall patens, or by forging unjust tales to hinder our welfare, that his house were pulled downe, and a paire of gallowes made of the wood, and he hanged on them in the place.

As for those lasie servants, who had rather stand all day idle, than worke, though but an houre in this Vineyard, and spend their substance riotously, than cast the superfluity of their wealth into your Treasury, I leave them as they are to the eternall Judge of the world. But you right worthy, that hath adventured so freely, I will not examine, if it were for the glory of God, or your [IV.140.] desire of gaine, which it may be you expect should flow unto you with a full tide, for the conversion of the Salvages: I wonder you use not the meanes, I confesse you say well to have them converted by faire meanes, but they scorne to acknowledge it, as for the gifts bestowed on them they devoure them, and so they would the givers if they could, and though many have endevoured by all the meanes they could by kindnesse to convert them, they finde nothing from them but derision and ridiculous answers. We have sent boies amongst them to learne their Language, but they returne worse than they went; but I am no States-man, nor love I to meddle with any thing but my Bookes, but I can finde no probability by this course to draw them to goodnesse; and I am perswaded if Mars and Minerva goe hand in hand, they will effect more good in an houre, then those verball Mercurians in their lives, and till their Priests and Ancients have their throats cut, there is no hope to bring them to conversion.

The government of Sir Francis Wyat.

_The arrivall of Sir Francis Wyat._

About October arrived Sir Francis Wyat, with Master George Sands, appointed Treasurer, Master Davison Secretary, Doctor Pot the Physician, and Master Cloyburne the Surgian, but much provision was very badly conditioned, nay the Hogs would not eat that Corne they brought, which was a great cause of their sicknesse and mortality, and whatsoever is said against the Virginia Corne, they finde it doth better nourish than any provision is sent thither; the Sailers still they complaine are much to blame for imbesling the provisions sent to private men, killing of Swine, and disorderly trucking; for which some order would be taken.

_Master Gookins Plantation._ {MN}

In them nine Ships that went with Sir Francis Wyat not one Passenger died, at his arrivall he sent Master Thorpe to Opechancanough, whom hee found much satisfied with his comming, to confirme their leagues as he had done his Predecessors, and so contented his people should coinhabit amongst them, and hee found more motions of Religion in him than could be imagined: every man betaking himselfe to his quarter, it was ordered, that for every head they should plant but 1000. Plants of Tobacco, and upon each plant nine leaves, which will be about 100. weight, the Corne being appointed but at two shillings & six pence the bushell, required such labour, it caused most men neglect it, and depend upon trade; where were it rated at ten shillings the bushell, every man would indevour to have plenty to sell to the new commers, or any that wanted, and seldome any is transported from England, but it standeth in as much, besides the hazard and other necessaries, the Ships might transport of that burden. {MN} The 22. of November arrived Master Gookin out of Ireland, with fifty men of his owne, and thirty Passengers, exceedingly well furnished with all sorts of provision and cattle, and planted himselfe at Nupors-newes: the Cotten trees in a yeere grew so thicke as ones arme, and so high as a man: here any thing that is planted doth prosper so well as in no place better. For the mortality of the people accuse not the place, for of the old Planters and the families scarce one of twenty miscarries, onely the want of necessaries are the occasions of those diseases. And so wee will conclude this yeere with the shipping and numbers sent. Out of the Councels Letters from Virginia.

_The number of Ships and men._

This yeere was sent one and twenty saile of Ships that imployed more than 400. sailers and 1300. men, women and children of divers faculties, with foure-score cattle; the Tiger fell in the Turkes hands, yet safely escaped, and by the returne of their letters from thence, the company is assured there can bee no fitter places of Mines, Wood and Water for Iron than there; and the French men affirme no Country is more proper for Vines, Olives, Sike, Rice and Salt, &c. of which the next yeere they promise a good quantity.

Gifts. [IV.141]

_Gifts given._

_Patents granted._ {MN}