Chapter XVI: Appendix: E

COMMUNICATIONS.

These letters are presented in condensed form for convenience.

January 2, 1914.

Tuition for strangers in European conservatories is two hundred francs. Entrance is dependent upon the proved musical ability, before an examination committee, of the student to do serious work, since the number of students in each class is limited to ten. Native students pay only five francs.

OVID MUSIN.

* * * * *

“The French and Belgian National and Royal Conservatories are not only supported, but were founded and are managed by their governments under their National and Royal Commissioners for the cultivation of the Art of Music, _for the Art’s sake_. Instruction is without cost to natives, but foreigners are taxed two hundred francs per year. This money goes to the government, not to the professors.... The only conservatory in France which is supported by the government is the “Conservatoire national” of Paris. The Royal conservatories of Holland and Belgium are unique, and entirely different in scheme from those in any other country.... The difference between the government music schools of France and Belgium lies in the fact that the remuneration of the Director, professors and other officers is sufficient in the case of Belgium to enable these ‘functionaries’ of the government to devote their time exclusively to their office. In fact, the professors are on the same plane as those of the Universities, whereas in France the remuneration is quite small, and the professors of this National Conservatory do not rely upon their salaries in order to live, as in Belgium, and for that reason the artistic results of the Paris Conservatory cannot be compared to the conservatories of Belgium.”

MRS. OVID MUSIN.

* * * * *

“I believe that at the Conservatory of Milan there are two classes of pupils. One is admitted to the courses in a fixed number, free of charge, the other by payment.”

GATTI-CASAZZA,

_Director of the Metropolitan Opera House
of New York_.

AUSTRIA.

Vienna, December 13, 1912.

Enclosed please find the governmental report and statistics for 1913 showing Austria’s appropriation for music.

WILLIAM BOPP,

_Director of the Imperial and Royal
Academy of Music and Plastic Arts_.

* * * * *

_Crowns_
State Conservatories, annually 699,026
Subventions to private musical schools 332,208
Subventions to orchestra, chorus, and other musical
societies 135,850
Prizes for Composers 7,000
For other musicians 17,000
State competitions for composers 3,000
Other expenses for music 114,000
Music Instruction in Public Schools 302,000
Singing Instruction in the Public Schools 120,000
Extraordinary expenses in the years 1911-1913 for
the new building of the Royal and Imperial
Academy of Music 2,000,000
----------
Total 3,730,084

BAVARIA.

Munich, April 21st, 1913.

ROYAL MINISTER OF STATE,
INTERIOR AND
EDUCATION IN BAVARIA.

_Concerning Music Expenditures in Bavaria._

In Bavaria there are two Music Institutions which are directed and supported by the State. So far their income is not sufficient to cover expenses. These institutions are the Royal Academy of Music In Munich and the Royal Conservatory of Music in Wuerzburg.

The contribution of the State for the year’s budgets 1912-1913 is, yearly:

_Marks_
For the Royal Academy of Music in Munich 67,370
For the Royal Conservatory in Wuerzburg 72,660

The expenditures for Music Instruction in Schools of the State are yearly:

For the Humanistic Gymnasiums and Real Gymnasiums 157,000
For the Progymnasiums, Latin Schools, High Real
Schools and Real Schools 120,000
For the Teacher Institutes (for both sexes) 286,000
----------
703,030

The State does not contribute any sum for expenditures in the Royal Theatres in Munich.

Also there is no endowment from the state for scholarships. There are special private endowments for this purpose.

STEINER.

BELGIUM.

Brussells, February 4th, 1913.

MINISTRY OF ARTS AND SCIENCES.

FINE ARTS OFFICE. SECTION NO. 31042.

The four Conservatories are State Institutions and the funds are contributed from the State, the Province and the cities.

The subvention from the State is as follows:

_Francs_
Conservatorium in Bruxelles 190,500
” ” Liege 104,835
” ” Gand 66,750
” ” Anvers 65,190
Annual subvention for Music schools 130,000
Annual subvention for symphonic and choral organizations 28,800
Subventions to gifted composers, singers, players
(subject to change) last year 20,000
(Concours de Rome) Annual scholarship award 4,000
Bureau of Studies 14,200
Subvention to composers who represent their Opera
in a Belgium Theatre, annually 6,000
Subvention for the publication of old Belgian composers,
annually 11,000
----------
Total of annual State subvention 641,275

M. PHILLIS.

DENMARK.

CONSULATE OF DENMARK.

8-10 Bridge St.

JNR. A.F. & I. 9/13.

New York, May 8, 1913.[43]

My Dear Sir:--

In further reference to your letter of March 19, I beg to inform you that the sum of 10,000 Kroner has been granted to the Royal Music Conservatory and of 1,000 Kroner to the so-called “Palace Concerts,” besides this, various small amounts have been given to singers and musicians to enable them to gain further experience abroad.

Hoping that this information will be of asistance, I am,

Yours very truly,

J. CLAN,
_Consul-General_.

ENGLAND.

Telegrammes:--
_Renseigne, London._

BOARD OF EDUCATION.

WHITEHALL, LONDON, S. W.

December 24th, 1912.

No part of the grant paid by the Board of Education to schools, or other educational institutions where music is taught is ear-marked for the instruction of music.

An annual grant of £500 each is made by the State to the Royal Academy of Music and the Royal College of Music. A similar grant of £300 per annum is made to the Royal Irish Academy of Music.

The Army Estimates for the financial year 1912-1913 include sums of £21,700 in aid of band expenses in the Regular Army and £3,300 in aid of the Army School of Music. Singing and music are taught in some establishments for military education, but the expenditures in these subjects can not be separated from the rest of the expenditures.

There is no State subvention of opera.

Yours faithfully,
A. W. TWENLYMAN.

This presents English musical expenditures as follows:

Annual Grants by State to:--

_Pounds_
Royal Academy of Music 500
Royal College of Music 500
Irish Academy of Music 300
Army Band expenses in Regular Army 21,700
Schools of Music 3,300
------
Total 26,300

EQUADOR.

August 31st, 1913.

The National Conservatory of Music was founded April 26th, 1900, by Executive-Judicial Decree.

_Initial Government Subventions._

1900 _Sucres_
Installation Funds 2,000.00
Salaries 12,000.00
Musical Instruments and Music 3,510.30
1903-5.
Musical Instruments and Music 35,000.00
Maintenance 58,780.00

_Annual Government Subventions since 1905._

_Sucres_
1906 23,000
1907 23,000
1908 22,000
1909 25,380
1910 27,540
1911 31,500
1912 28,500
1913 28,500

The first year’s class, 1900, numbered ninety-three men and thirty-one women. The class of 1913, included two hundred and twenty-six men and two hundred and thirteen women.

THE DIRECTORS,
_National Conservatory of Music_,
Quito, Equador.

FRANCE.

February 9, 1913.

Here are all the official statistics--obtained this very morning.

I. PHILIPP,
_Professor, Paris Conservatory_.

_Francs_
Music Inspectors, annually 14,200
Travelling expenses 3,000
French Academy in Rome, one-fifth of total 29,195
National Conservatory: Professors 197,300
Material 41,350
Indemnities 41,223
Branch Institutes 156,500
National Theatres, Subventions 1,225,000
Music Library of the Opera House 6,000
Popular Concerts 133,500
Subventions to Musical Societies 7,100
Palace of the Trocadero, for the Music Hall 13,000
Subventions to musicians 103,750
----------
Total annually 1,971,118

HOLLAND.

MINISTRY OF THE INTERIOR, NO. 733.

Afdeeling K. W. Ministerie Van
Binnenlandsche Zaken Gravenhage,

March 19, 1913.

_Florins_
1. Subsidizing of Conservatories 27,000
2. Subsidies for poor, young, gifted musicians of both
sexes, as help in their studies 5,000
3. For military bands 186,000

TH. HEEMSKERK,
_Minister of the Interior and
Secretary-General of Holland_.

NORWAY.

Christiania, Dec. 15, 1912.

Our theatres have no governmental subsidy. Music in the public schools is a local not a federal matter.

We have no conservatories of the usual European type but there are smaller music schools and schools for organists which are in part subventioned by the State.

What the State spends for purposes of music can be described as follows:

_Crowns_
Military Music annually 160,000
Subvention to composers 5,200
Subvention to other musicians 6,000
Music schools 4,500
---------
Total, annually 175,700

Most respectfully,

OLE OLESON,
_Army Inspector of Music_.

ITALY.

Rome, February 14, 1913.

MINISTRY OF INSTRUCTION.

GENERAL OFFICE
OF THE DIRECTOR
OF ANTIQUITIES & FINE ARTS.

Posiz. 21 aff. gen.
N. di.

PROT. 339. SUBJECT: STATISTICAL INQUIRY.

The Italian Government appropriates 440,500 Lire for professional salaries and 146,400 Lire for administration expenses in connection with the five national conservatories of music among which the former amount is apportioned as follows:

_Lire_
Milan Conservatory of Music 102,000
Naples ” ” ” 107,000
Palermo ” ” ” 80,000
Parma ” ” ” 71,500
Florence Musical Institute 80,000

There is an additional appropriation approximately 30,000 Lire for extraordinary or temporary compensation to the personnel of these various schools.

Instruments, etc. 131,440
Annual Government Subvention to the City Conservatory
of Music at Rome 101,000
Annual subvention to pupils 2,000

(LUIGI) CREDARO,
_Minister of Public Instruction_.

PRUSSIA.

AMERICAN CONSULATE GENERAL,
BERLIN, GERMANY.

March 10, 1913.

I acknowledge receipt of your letter of February 9, 1913, relative to expenditures of the Prussian Government for the benefit of musical art.

I am informed by the Prussian Statistical Bureau that no definite figures are available as to expenditures in this branch of education. The Prussian Minister of Education has also been unable to inform me of the amount utilized in this particular branch. He adds that the amount so expended varies from year to year.

Aside from the Prussian Government various municipalities within the Kingdom occasionally make money grants for the encouragement of musical students. Last year, for example, the City of Berlin voted Marks 60,000 ($14,280.) in order that the Philharmonic Orchestra might be retained in the city during the summer months instead of visiting sea shore and other resorts. In consideration of this subsidy, the orchestra played popular concerts at certain large halls at a nominal rate of admission.

The German Emperor in his private capacity is a liberal contributor to musical art. He makes money grants annually for the support of the Royal Opera in Berlin, the amount varying with each year’s needs. The amount of this contribution is not made public.

The foregoing is the most definite information obtainable on this subject. I hope it may be of some service to you.

Very respectfully yours,
M. THACKARA,
_American Consul General_.

HUNGARY.

The following list of governmental institutions for musical culture in Hungary were kindly submitted by Dr. Paul Majouszky, Chief of the Fine-Art Section, and Naray-Szabó, State Secretary.

_Crowns_
The Musical Academy of Budapest receives a yearly
sum of (from Budget of 1913) 385,233
School Fees amount to 54,440
Yearly subventions to Music Schools maintained by
provincial towns and associations 56,000
Assistance to musicians, especially to composers for
studies in foreign countries and for publishing
musical compositions 8,000
For general musical aims, orchestras, concert subventions
of musical works 122,000
For maintenance of Philharmonic Society formed by
members of the Royal Hungarian Opera, and
the Symphonic Orchestra founded by the State
in order to give concerts for the young workmen
in provincial towns 120,000
For the maintenance of the Royal Opera Orchestra
and the payment of its Director 343,500
For the Choral Society of the Budapest Royal Hungarian
University 700
For the Choral Society of the Joseph Polytechnical
High School 1,000
And for its Orchestra 1,500
Toward salaries of Music Teachers in schools 88,100
For Military Music Bands 76,000
-----------
1,202,033

RUSSIA.

IMPERIAL RUSSIAN EMBASSY.

WASHINGTON, D. C.

Washington, May 28, 1913.
No. 193.

The exact sum spent annually in subventions to music by the Imperial Ministry of the Interior is 139,900 Roubles per annum.

ALEXANDER LYSSAKOVSKY.
_First Secretary of the Embassy._

SAXONY.

Dresden, April 8th, 1913.

Königlich-Sächsisches
Ministerium des Innern.

No. 627 III. F.

There are no State Conservatories or State Schools for musical education in Saxony.

The institutions for musical education under control of the ministerial department are various private undertakings.

For artistic development in music the undersigned Ministry allows 5,000 marks a year. This support is for part or whole tuition for unusually gifted and studious men and women students who belong in Saxony.

(Graf) VITZTHUM VON ECKSTAEDT,
_Royal Minister of the Interior, Saxony_.

SWEDEN.

Royal Conservatory of Music.

Stockholm, January 4th, 1913.

The yearly subventions of the Swedish Government for music according to the latest available sources:

_Crowns_
Annual subvention from the State for the Royal
Academy of Music and the Royal Conservatory 85,649.67
Subvention to the Royal Opera House 60,000.00
Subventions to Swedish Composers 15,000.00
Musical Instruction in public schools 124,367.50
Military orchestras 1,027,424.10
Two orchestras 28,000.00
------------
Total of annual subvention 1,340,441.27

BR. BECKMAN.

UNITED STATES.

DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, BUREAU OF EDUCATION,

Washington, D. C., March 5, 1913.

1. The American government does not make any appropriation whatsoever for the instruction of pupils in public conservatories.

2. So far as known to this office, none of the states contribute sums for the same purpose.

3. The American government does not make any subvention for grand opera. In so far as this Bureau has been able to obtain information, no such subvention is made by any state.

4. So far as known to this Bureau, there is no subvention for orchestra organizations or choral societies.

5. So far as known to this Bureau there are no prizes granted by the State for musical achievements to composers, singers or players.

6. There is no endowment by the federal government to enable young gifted musicians to complete their musical education in America or abroad.

I may say that instruction in music is given in some of the Indian schools maintained by the federal government and such schools also have musical organizations. No specific appropriation for instruction in music, however, is made by the federal government. This statement applies also to state-aided institutions.

Respectfully,
T. A. KALBACH,
_Chief Clerk_.

HUNGARY.

ROYAL HUNGARIAN MINISTRY
OF PUBLIC WORSHIP AND EDUCATION
BUDAPEST
N. 13577

TRANSLATION.

I have the honour to give you the information you asked in your letter from the 11th January, 1913. There is only one musical school, a high-school, of the state in Hungary: the Music Academy in Budapest. The budget of the present year provides the sum of 385.233 crowns for the maintenance of that institute. After deducting the school fees of 54.440 cr. the state has to spend yearly 333.793 cr. The state gives also to the music schools maintained by provincial towns and associations a yearly subvention of 56.000 cr. that is increasing from year to year. To the purpose of assisting musicians, especially composers to make studies in foreign countries, and of publishing musical compositions and a collection of popular songs, the budget provides 8,000 cr. For general musical aims, (orchestras, concerts, subventions of musical works, etc.) 122.000 cr. are destined, specially 120.000 cr. to the maintenance of the philharmonic society formed by members of the Royal Hung. Opera and the Symphony Orchestra founded by the state in order to give concerts for the young workmen, etc. in provincial towns and to the propagation of artistic music and culture. The maintenance of the Royal Opera Orchestra and the payment of its dirigent require 343.500 cr. The capital Budapest maintains a course of music, and number of provincial towns maintain music schools and orchestras without any assistance of the state. As for the costs of military bands I shall have the honour to give you subsequently the necessary information.

Budapest, the 23d March 1913.

For the minister:
(Signed) NARAY-SZABO,
_State Secretary_.

* * * * *

ROYAL HUNGARIAN MINISTRY
OF PUBLIC WORSHIP AND EDUCATION
BUDAPEST
N. 124655

I have the honour to give you the supplementary information I promised, when answering (N. 13577, 12th April) your letter from the 11th January. The Hungarian State at present gives an annual subsidy of 700 crowns to the choral society of Budapest Royal Hungarian University, 1000 crowns to the choral society and 1500 to the orchestra of the Joseph Olytechnical High School. In the middle schools (Colleges and Real Schools) the musical teaching is not yet perfectly organized, the fees for the courses are paid by the pupils, the state contributes to the salaries of music teachers. The annual costs of the said teaching amount (including a salary of 6400 cr. for the inspector) in girl schools to 74,500, in medico-pedagogical institutes to 13,600 cr., those for the maintenance of military music-bands in the regular army 76,400 crowns.

Budapest, the 24th July, 1913.

By order of the Minister,
(Signed) DR. PAUL MAJOWZKY,
_Chief of the Fine-Art Section_.

FOOTNOTES:

[43] Another letter dated May 13, 1913, adds “9,600 Kroner to the different concert associations,” bringing Denmark’s annual expenditure for musical education up to a total of 20,600 Kroner.