Chapter C (1)

CABBAGE _alley_, 1. Barnaby street. 2. Long lane, Southwark.

CABBAGE _lane_, near King’s Arms stairs.

CABBAGE _yard_, Cork lane, Swan fields.

CABINET _court_, Duke street, Spitalfields.

CABLE _court_, Cable street.

CABLE _street_, Rag fair.

CADD’S _row_, Islington.†

CÆSAR’S HEAD _court_, Crutched Friars.*

CAGE _alley_, Cock hill, Ratcliff.

CAIN AND ABEL’S _alley_, 1. Angel alley, Houndsditch.* 2. Bishopsgate
street without.*

CALENDER’S _court_, 1. Drury lane. 2. Long alley, Moorfields.

CAMBERWELL, a pleasant village in Surry, two miles from Southwark, in
the road to Croydon.

CAMBERWELL _road_, Newington butts.

CAMBRAY _house_. See CANONBURY _House_.

CAMBRIDGE _heath_, in Middlesex near Hackney.

CAMBRIDGE _street_, Broad street, Poland street.

CAMDEN _court_, Clerkenwell.

CAMDEN _house_, in Middlesex, a little to the west of Kensington palace,
was lately the seat and manor of the Earl of Warwick, but it now
belongs to Henry Fox, Esq.

CAMEL _row_, Mile end.

CAMOMILE _court_, Camomile street.

CAMOMILE _street_, Bishopsgate street.

CAMPION _lane_, Allhallows, Thames street.†

CAMPION’S _alley_, Market street, Westminster.†

CAMP’S _Almshouse_, in Wormwood street, was founded by Mr. Laurence
Camp, for the relief of six poor people of the parish of Allhallows
London Wall, who had an allowance of 1_l._ 14_s._ 8_d._ a year.

CANARY _court_, Exeter court in the Strand.

CANDLEWICK _Ward_, took its name from a street called Candlewick, or
Candlewright street, remarkable for wax and tallow chandlers, who were
anciently called candlewrights, and is bounded on the south by Bridge
and Dowgate wards; on the west by Dowgate and Wallbrook wards; on the
north by Langborne ward; and on the east by Bridge ward. The principal
streets in this ward are, Eastcheap, and a part of Canon street, and
St. Martin’s lane. The most remarkable buildings are the parish
churches of St. Clement’s Eastcheap, St. Mary Abchurch, and St.
Michael’s Crooked lane.

It is governed by an Alderman, his Deputy, and seven other Common
Council men; twelve wardmote inquest men, six scavengers, eight
constables, and a beadle. The jurymen returned by the wardmote inquest
serve on juries in Guildhall in the month of December.

CANE’S _wharf_, Milford lane.†

CANON _alley_, St. Paul’s church yard.

CANON _row_, or Channel row, New Palace yard, Westminster; called Canon
row from this row formerly consisting of the houses for the Canons of
St. Stephen’s Westminster.

CANON _street_, 1. In the Mint. 2. Ratcliff Highway. 3. A considerable
street extending from Budge row to Eastcheap.

CANONBURY, vulgarly called CAMBRAY _House_, formerly belonged to the
Prior and Canons of St. Bartholomew in Smithfield. It is pleasantly
situated on a beautiful eminence on the east side of Islington, and
commands three delightful prospects to the east, north, and south.

CANONS _of St. Paul’s_. These Canons or Prebendaries, who are 30 in
number, with the Bishop of London at their head, compose the Chapter,
which has the management of the affairs of this cathedral; these
canonries are in the collation of the Bishop, and are as follows. 1.
_Bromesbury_, in the parish of Willesden, Middlesex. 2. _Brownswood_,
in the same parish. 3. _Cadington Major_, in the manor of Astonbury,
Bedfordshire. 4. _Cadington Minor_, in the parish of Cadington,
Bedfordshire. 5. _Chamberlain’s-Wood_, in the parish of Willesden,
Middlesex. 6. _Chiswick_, in the county of Middlesex. 7. _Consumpt.
per Mare_, a prebend in the parish of Walton, or Waltome, on the coast
of Essex, which being overflowed by the sea, before the conquest, the
present name serves only to perpetuate the remembrance of that fatal
catastrophe. 8. _Eald Street_, or _Old_ _Street_, in Shoreditch
parish. 9. _Ealdland_, in the parish of Tillingham, Essex. 10.
_Holiwell_, alias _Finsbury_, in the parishes of St. Giles
Cripplegate, and Shoreditch. 11. _Harleston_, in the parish of
Willesdon, Middlesex. 12. _Holborn_, in the suburbs of London. 13.
_Hoxton_, in the parish of Shoreditch. 14. _Islington_, in the county
of Middlesex. 15. _Kentish-town_, in the parish of St. Pancras. 16.
_Mapelsbury_, in the parish of Willesdon. 17. _Mora_, in the parish of
St. Giles Cripplegate. 18. _Neasdon_, in the parish of Willesdon. 19.
_Oxgate_, in the same parish. 20. _St. Pancras_, in Middlesex. 21.
_Portpool_, in the parish of St. Andrew Holborn. 22. _Reculvarland_,
in the parish of Tillingham, Essex. 23. _Rougemere_, in the parish of
Pancras. 24. _Sneating_, in the parish of Kirkeby, Essex. 25. _Stoke
Newington_, Middlesex. 26. _Tottenhall_ or _Tottenham Court_, in the
parish of St. Pancras. 27. _Twyford_, in the parish of Willesdon,
Middlesex. 28. _Wenlakesbarn_, in the parish of St. Giles Cripplegate.
29. _Wildland_, in the parish of Tillingham, Essex. 30. _Willesdon_,
in the county of Middlesex. _Newc. Repert._

The _petty Canons_ who are twelve in number, are chosen out of the
ministers and officers belonging to the cathedral, and should be
persons of unspotted characters, with harmonious voices, and skilled
in vocal music. These were constituted a body politic and corporate by
letters patent granted by King Richard II. in the year 1399, by the
title of _The College of the twelve petty Canons of St. Paul’s_; and
allowed a common seal, with one of their number for a Warden. _Newc.
Repert._

CANTERBURY _court_, 1. Black Friars, 2. Phenix street.

CAR _court_, Rotten row, Old street.

CAR _yard_, 1. Moor lane. 2. Redcross street. 3. White’s yard, Rosemary
lane.

CARD _court_, West Smithfield.

CARDINALS OF THE CHOIR, two officers chosen out of the petty Canons of
St. Paul’s, by the Dean and Chapter. Their office is to superintend
the behaviour and attendance of the several officers belonging to the
choir; and to take minutes of the several crimes of which they are
guilty when on duty, in order to their being corrected for them by the
Dean and Chapter.

CARDINAL’S CAP _alley_, Bank side.*

CARDMAKERS, were incorporated by letters patent of Charles I. in the
year 1629. This company is governed by a Matter, two Wardens, and
eighteen Assistants, but they have neither livery nor hall.

CARY _lane_, Foster lane, Cheapside.†

CARY _street_, Lincoln’s Inn fields.†

CARLISLE _street_, Soho square.

CARMAN’S _yard_, Pepper alley.

CARMEN, were constituted a fellowship of this city, by an act of Common
Council in the reign of Henry VIII. and incorporated by letters patent
granted by James I. in 1606, with the fraternity of Fuellers, under
the denomination of Woodmongers, with whom they continued till 1668,
when the Woodmongers were convicted by parliament of many enormous
frauds in the sale of coals, and other fuel, and being apprehensive of
suffering the punishment due to their crimes, threw up their charter
in order to avoid it, upon which the Carmen were again appointed a
fellowship by an act of Common Council, under the title of _The free
Carmen of the city of London_. They are governed by a Master, two
Wardens, and forty-one Assistants, under the direction of the court of
the Lord Mayor and Aldermen, but have neither livery nor hall.

CARNABY, or MARLBOROUGH _Market_, by Carnaby street, has Marlborough
street on the north, and Broad street on the south west. This is
lately become a very plentiful market for flesh and other provisions.

CARNABY _street_, 1. Silver street, Bloomsbury. 2. Silver street, Golden
square.

CAROLINE _court_, Saffron hill.

CARON’S _Almshouse_, in Kingston road, Vauxhall, consists of seven rooms
for as many poor women, and was founded by his excellency the Right
Hon. Noel Baron of Caron, Ambassador from the States General in the
year 1623. This almshouse he endowed with a handsome estate, out of
which each of his almswomen receives 4_l._ a year.

CARPENTERS, a fraternity incorporated by Edward III. in the year 1344;
with the power of making by-laws. This company is governed by a
Master, three Wardens, and twenty Assistants, with a livery of 100
members, who pay a fine of 8_l._ upon their admission.

Their hall is situated on the south side of London Wall almost facing
the east end of Bethlem hospital, in a court called Carpenters hall
yard, to which there is an entrance through a large pair of gates. The
building is composed of timber and plaister; and though very old, is
not without its peculiar ornaments.

CARPENTERS _alley_, Wych street.

CARPENTERS _buildings_, London wall.

CARPENTERS _court_, 1. Aldermanbury. 2. Bett’s street, Ratcliff. 3.
Charterhouse lane. 4. Long Acre.

CARPENTERS _street_, Mount row.†

CARPENTERS _yard_, 1. Beech lane. 2. Coleman street. 3. Near Blackman
street. 4. Deadman’s place. 5. London wall. 6. Long lane, West
Smithfield. 7. Peter street, Westminster. 8. Poor Jewry lane. 9.
Skinner street. 10. Town Ditch, Little Britain. 11. Upper Ground
street.

CARRIERS _street_, Buckeridge street.

CARSHALTON, a village in Surry, situated among innumerable springs,
which all together form a river in the very street of the town, and
joining other springs that flow from Croydon and Beddington, form one
stream called the Wandell. Though this village is thus situated among
springs, it is built upon firm chalk, and on one of the most beautiful
spots on that side of London, on which account it has many fine houses
belonging to the citizens of London, some of them built with such
grandeur and expence, that they might be rather taken for the seats of
the nobility, than the country houses of citizens and merchants. Mr.
Scawen intended to build a magnificent house here in a fine park which
is walled round, and vast quantities of stone and other materials were
collected by him for this purpose; but the design was never carried
into execution. Here also Dr. Ratcliff built a very fine house, which
afterwards belonged to Sir John Fellows, who added gardens and curious
water-works. It at length passed into the possession of the Lord
Hardwick, who sold it to the late William Mitchell, Esq; and it is now
in the possession of his family.

CARTERET _street_, Broad way, Westminster.

CART _yard_, 1. Rosemary lane. 2. Whitechapel.

CARTER’S _court_, 1. Lukener’s lane.† 2. Cursitors alley, Bristol
street.†

CARTER’S _rents_. Brick lane, Spitalfields.†

CARTER’S _street_, Houndsditch.†

CARTHUSIAN _street_, Pickax street, Aldersgate street.

CARTWRIGHT _street_, Broad way, Westminster.† 2. Rosemary lane.†

CASHIOBURY.
]

CASHIOBURY, in Hertfordshire, situated sixteen miles north of London, is
said to have been the seat of the Kings of Mercia, during the
Heptarchy, till Offa gave it to the monastery of St. Alban’s. Henry
VIII. however bestowed it on Richard Morison, Esq; from whom it passed
to Arthur Lord Capel, Baron of Hadham, and from him came by
inheritance to be the manor of the Earls of Essex, who have here a
noble seat erected in the form of an H, with a large park adorned with
fine woods and walks: the gardens were planted and laid out by Le
Notre in the reign of King Charles II. The front and one side are of
brick and modern, the other side is very old. The print shews it
better than description.

_Moor Park._
]

CASH’S _alley_, near Shoreditch church.†

CASTLE _alley_, 1. Cornhill.* 2. Near Lambeth hill.* 3. Trig lane,
Thames street.*

CASTLE BAYNARD _Ward_, was so called from an ancient castle near the
Thames built by Baynard, a nobleman of great authority, who came from
Normandy with William the Conqueror. It is bounded on the north and
west by the ward of Faringdon within; on the east by Queenhithe and
Bread street wards; and on the south by the river Thames.

The principal streets in this ward are, the south end of Thames
street, St. Peter’s hill, St. Bennet’s hill, Addle hill, Knight Rider
street, Paul’s chain, Carter lane, and the east side of Creed lane,
and Warwick lane. The remarkable buildings are, the churches of St.
Bennet’s, Paul’s Wharf, St. Andrew Wardrobe, and St. Mary Magdalen,
with the Heralds office.

It is governed by an Alderman and his Deputy, nine other Common
Council men; fourteen wardmote inquest men, seven scavengers, ten
constables, and a beadle. The jurymen returned by the inquest for this
ward serve in the courts of Guildhall in the month of September.

CASTLE _court_, 1. Birchin lane.* 2. Budge row.* 3. Castle alley,
Cornhill.* 4. Castle lane, in the Mint.* 5. Castle street, Long Acre.*
6. College hill.* 7. Cornhill.* 8. Houndsditch.* 9. Laurence lane.*
10. Lombard street. 11. St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross. 12. In the
Strand. 13. Whitecross street, Cripplegate.*

CASTLE INN _yard_, Aldersgate street.*

CASTLE _lane_, 1. Castle street, Long Acre.* 2. Castle street,
Southwark.* 3. Petty France, Westminster (called also Cabbage lane).*
4. Redcross street, Deadman’s place.* 5. St. James’s Westminster.* 6.
Thames street.*

CASTLE _street_, 1. Air street, Piccadilly.* 2. Bloomsbury.* 3.
Cavendish market.* 4. Near Long Acre.* 5. In the Park, Southwark.* 6.
Near the Royal Mews. * 7. Saffron hill.* 8. Shoreditch field.* 9.
Thames street.* 10. Near Wentworth street, Spitalfields.* 11. Bevis
street.*

CASTLE STREET LIBRARY, was founded in the year 1685, by Thomas Tennison,
D.D. Vicar of St. Martin’s in the fields, and afterwards Archbishop of
Canterbury, for the use of his school, under which it is placed in a
spacious room, and consists of about 4000 volumes.

The librarian’s salary is 10_l._ _per annum_, and he has convenient
lodgings contiguous to the library. _Maitland._

CASTLE STREET SCHOOL, was founded by Dr. Tennison, at the same time with
the library. In 1697, that gentleman gave 1000_l._ towards a fund for
the maintenance of his foundation, and some time after, by the consent
of Dr. Patrick, Bishop of Ely, another sum of 500_l._ which had been
left them jointly in trust, to dispose of in charitable uses, as they
thought proper: which two sums, together with two leasehold messuages
for the term of forty years, he vested in trustees, for the support of
his school and library; out of the profits of which the librarian has
the allowance mentioned above; the schoolmaster, besides a commodious
dwelling house, has a salary of 30_l._ _per annum_; and the usher the
same salary without any apartment; for which they teach thirty boys,
the sons of the inhabitants of St. Martin’s in the fields. _Maitland._

CASTLE _yard_, 1. Castle alley, Cornhill.* 2. Chick lane.* 3. Dacre
street.* 4. East street, Bloomsbury.* 5. Harrow corner, Deadman’s
place.* 6. Hermitage bridge, Wapping.* 7. Holborn.* 8. Houndsditch.*
9. Kingsland road, Shoreditch.* 10. Near the Broad way.* 11.
Pennyfield street.* 12. St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.* 13.
Piccadilly. * 14. Saffron hill.*

CAT _alley_, Long lane, Smithfield.*

CAT’S HEAD _court_, Orchard street, Stable yard, Westminster.*

CAT’S _hole_, Tower ditch.

CAT’S _hole yard_, Tower ditch.

CATEATON _street_, King’s street, Cheapside.

CATHARINE _alley_, Bishopsgate street.

CATHARINE _court_, 1. Prince’s street, Threadneedle street. 2. Seething
lane.

_St._ CATHARINE CREE _Church_, at the corner of Creechurch lane in
Leadenhall street. The addition of the word _Cree_, arose from the
English spelling of the word Christ as pronounced by the French; for
this church being placed on the ground of a dissolved priory, which
with its church was called our Saviour Christ’s church, tho’ it was
dedicated to the virgin martyr St. Catharine, the original name of
that priory became added to its denomination. The present edifice was
erected in the year 1630, and is a very singular structure, built with
stone, and of a mixed Gothic style. It has rounded battlements on the
top, and a square tower that has the same kind of battlements: this
tower is crowned with a square turret, over which is a dome, and from
its summit rises the weather cock.

This is a curacy, and the parishioners have the privilege of choosing
their own minister, who must be licensed by the Bishop of London. The
Curate receives 70_l._ a year, exclusive of other advantages.
_Maitland._

_St._ CATHARINE COLEMAN, on the south side of Fenchurch street, is thus
denominated from its been dedicated to the same saint as the two
former churches, and the epithet of Coleman is added from there being
formerly near it a large haw, yard, or garden, called Coleman-haw.

The old church escaped the flames at the fire of London; but becoming
very ruinous, was rebuilt by the parish in the year 1734. The body is
lofty, and enlightened with two series of windows; and the steeple, a
plain tower crowned with battlements.

This church is a rectory, in the gift of the Bishop of London. The
living is worth about 100_l._ _per annum_.

_St._ CATHARINE’S _Church_, on the east side of St. Catharine’s court,
near the Tower, originally belonged to an hospital founded by Matilda,
consort to King Stephen, and was farther endowed by Queen Eleanor, the
relict of Henry III. Queen Eleanor consort to Edward I. and King Henry
VI. who not only confirmed all the former grants, and added several
additional ones, but gave an ample charter to this hospital. It was
exempt from the jurisdiction of the Bishop of London, till its
suppression by Henry VIII. soon after which King Edward VI. annexed it
to the diocese of London. The church, which is a very antique
building, is at present collegiate, and has a master and three
brethren, who have 40_l._ each; three sisters who have 20_l._ and ten
beadswomen who have 8_l._ _per annum_ each: but the other profits
arising from their estates, being only known to the master and
brethren, are divided amongst them. _Stow_, _Maitland_.

_St._ CATHARINE’S COURTS. To this precinct belong two courts; in one of
which actions of debt for any sum are tried weekly on Thursdays: and
in the other, which depends upon the civil law, are decided
ecclesiastical matters.

_St._ CATHARINE’S _court_, 1. St. Catharine’s.☐ 2. Threadneedle street.

_St._ CATHARINE’S _lane_, East Smithfield.☐

_St._ CATHARINE’S _stairs_, St. Catharine’s.☐

_St._ CATHARINE’S _street_, St. Catharine’s.☐

CATHARINE _street_, in the Strand.

CATHARINE WHEEL _alley_, 1. Blackman street.* 2. Holiwell street.* 3.
St. James’s street.* 4. Kent street.* 5. Petticoat lane.* 6. Snow
hill.* 7. Whitechapel.*

CATHARINE WHEEL _court_, 1. Bridgewater gardens.* 2. Snow hill.* 3.
Whitechapel.*

CATHARINE WHEEL _yard_, 1. Bishopsgate street.* 2. Blackman street.* 3.
London wall.* 4. St. James’s street.* 5. West Smithfield.*

CATHARINE WHEEL AND GEORGE _yard_, Bishopsgate street.*

CATHARINE WHEEL _Inn yard_, St. Margaret’s hill.*

CATLIN’S _alley_, Shoreditch.†

CATSTICK _yard_, Gray’s Inn lane.

CAVENDISH _court_, Houndsditch.†

CAVENDISH _market_, Cavendish street.

CAVENDISH _square_, near Oxford street, has a spacious area which
contains between two and three acres, with a large grass plat in the
middle, surrounded with wooden rails, erected upon a brick wall; but
both the rails and wall being much decayed, now make but an
indifferent appearance. The square is, however, encompassed by noble
buildings: the Lord Harcourt has a fine house on the east side; on the
west is a noble edifice belonging to Mr. Lane, formerly the Lord
Bingley’s; and in the center of the north side is a space left for a
house intended to be erected by the late Duke of Chandos, the wings
only being built; however, there is a handsome wall and gates before
this space, which serve to preserve the uniformity of the square.
Adjoining to this square, Lord Foley has just built a very grand
house, with offices, and a court before it.

CAVENDISH _street_, Oxford street.

CAUSABOND’S _grounds_, Maiden lane.†

CECIL _court_, St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.†

CECIL _street_, in the Strand, so named from Cecil house, belonging to
the great Lord Burleigh.

CECIL’S _dock_, Rotherhith wall.†

_Master of the_ CEREMONIES. See the article MASTER OF THE CEREMONIES.

CHAIN _alley_, near Crutched Friars.

CHAIN _court_, Ship yard, Temple Bar.

CHAIN _gate_, near St. Saviour’s church, Southwark.

_Lord_ CHAMBERLAIN, a great officer of the King’s houshold, who has the
oversight of all the officers above stairs, except the precinct of the
King’s bedchamber, which is under the government of the Groom of the
stole. He has the oversight of the King’s Chaplains, notwithstanding
his being a layman; also of the officers of the wardrobe, beds, tents,
revels, music, comedians, hunting, and of all the physicians,
apothecaries, surgeons, barbers, messengers, trumpets, drummers,
tradesmen and artisans retained in his Majesty’s service. His salary
is 100_l._ a year, and 1100_l._ a year board wages. His office is in
Cleveland row.

CHAMBERLAIN _of London_, an officer of great trust, annually chosen on
Midsummer day, tho’ he enjoys his place for life, if he is not found
guilty of some great crime. He receives and pays all the city cash,
and with him are deposited all public securities, for which he
annually accounts to the proper auditors. As he is therefore entrusted
with very considerable sums, he is obliged to give security for his
fidelity, at his entrance into his office.

CHAMBERLAIN’S _Office_, is kept in Guildhall, in a room on the right
hand side of the passage leading into the court of King’s bench, where
this officer attends every morning, to decide the differences that
arise between masters and apprentices, to enrol and turn over the
latter, and to admit all who are duly qualified, to the freedom of the
city; of whom there are annually admitted about fifteen hundred.

CHAMBER’S _street_, 1. Goodman’s Fields.† 2. Upper Shadwell.†

CHAMBER’S _wharf_, near the Bridge yard.†

CAMPION _lane_, Thames street.†

_Lord High_ CHANCELLOR, the supreme and sole judge in the court of
Chancery, where he is to judge according to equity and conscience, and
to moderate the exact rigour and letter of the common law, to which
all other judges are strictly tied; but his decrees may be reversed by
the house of Lords. This great officer, who is assisted by the masters
in Chancery, takes precedency after the Archbishop of Canterbury, and
next to the King, and Princes of the blood, is the highest person in
the kingdom in civil affairs. The Lord High Chancellor is generally
Keeper of the great seal, and is thence stiled Lord Keeper. See the
article _Lord_ KEEPER.

CHANCELLOR _of the Exchequer_. See the article EXCHEQUER.

CHANCELLOR _of St. Paul’s_, an officer anciently called _Magister
Scholarum_, from his having the literature of the city committed to
his care, by which he was impowered to license all the schoolmasters
in London, except those of St. Martin’s le Grand, and Mary le Bow; but
at present he is only Secretary to the Chapter, and has the third
stall on the north side of the choir.

_Court of_ CHANCERY. In the opinion of several learned men this court
took its name from the cross bars of iron or wood, called by the
Romans _cancelli_, with which it was formerly inclosed, to prevent the
officers being incommoded by the crowding of the people. The Chancery
consists of two courts, in one of which the Lord Chancellor proceeds
according to the laws and statutes of the kingdom, and in the second,
according to equity, judging rather by the spirit than the letter of
the laws. In case of absence, his place upon the bench is supplied by
the Master of the rolls, who also determines causes in the same
equitable manner. See the article _Lord_ CHANCELLOR.

It is the peculiar business of this court to rescue people out of the
hands of their oppressors, and to afford relief in case of fraud,
accidents, and breach of trust. Besides, out of this court are issued
writs for parliaments, charters, patents for sheriffs, writs of
_certiorari_ to remove records and false judgments in inferior courts,
writs of _moderata misericordia_, when a person has been amerced too
high, and for a reasonable part of goods for widows and orphans. Here
also are sealed and enrolled, treaties with foreign Princes, letters
patent, commissions of appeal, oyer and terminer, &c.

The manner of proceeding here is much like that in the courts of the
civil law; for the actions are by bill or plaint; the witnesses are
privately examined; there is no jury, but all the sentences are given
by the judge of the court. However as it proceeds not according to
law, it is no court of record, and therefore binds only the person,
his lands and goods.

To this court belong twelve masters in chancery; an accountant
general; six head clerks; sixty-two sworn clerks, who purchase their
places, and twelve waiting clerks, whose places are given by the six
clerks; two chief examiners, with their respective clerks; a chief and
four inferior registers; the clerk of the crown; a prothonotary;
clerks of the petty bag, subpæna, patent, affidavit, cursitors, and
alienation office.

_Masters in_ CHANCERY, are the twelve assistants of the Chancellor or
Lord Keeper, the first of whom is Master of the rolls, which is a
place of great dignity, and is in the gift of the King. These
gentlemen sit at Westminster hall, with the Lord Chancellor, three at
a time while the term lasts, and two at a time when the Lord
Chancellor sits to hear causes in his own house, and to them he often
refers the farther hearing of causes; he also refers to them matters
of account, and other things of small moment; but never the merits of
the cause.

The salary of the Masters in chancery is 100_l._ to each of them paid
quarterly out of the Exchequer, besides robe money.

CHANCERY _lane_, Fleet street, so called from the court of Chancery
there.

CHANDLER’S _alley_, Orchard street, Westminster.*

CHANDLER’S _rents_, Black Friars.†

CHANDLER’S _street_, Duke street.†

CHANDOS _street_, Bedford street, Covent Garden.†

CHANEL _row_, New Palace yard. See CANON ROW.

CHANGE, behind Exeter Change in the Strand.

CHANGE _court_, in the Strand.☐

CHANTER _of St. Paul’s_. See the article PRECENTOR.

CHAPEL ROYAL, a chapel in each of the King’s palaces, neatly ornamented
on the inside. They are under the government of a Dean, who
acknowledges no superior but his Majesty; for the Chapel Royal, or
King’s Chapel, is not within the jurisdiction of any Bishop, but is a
regal peculiar under the immediate government of the King. By the Dean
are chosen the Sub-dean and all the other officers.

These are the King’s Clerk of the closet, a Divine whose office is to
attend at his Majesty’s right hand during divine service, to wait on
his Majesty in his private oratory; and to resolve all his doubts
relating to religious subjects.

Forty-eight Chaplains in Ordinary, who are generally Doctors of
Divinity distinguished for their learning and other accomplishments.
Four of whom wait at court every month, to preach in the chapel on
Sundays, and other Holidays before the King, and early in the morning
on Sundays before the houshold; to read divine service to his Majesty
every morning and evening during the rest of the week in his private
oratory, and to say grace at the table in the absence of the Clerk of
the closet.

The other officers are, a Confessor of the King’s houshold, whose
office is to read prayers every morning to the family, to visit the
sick, to examine and prepare communicants; and to inform such as
desire advice in any case of conscience or point of religion. Ten
Priests in Ordinary, sixteen gentlemen of the Chapel Royal, who with
the Priests perform in the chapel the office of divine service, in
praying, singing, &c. a master of the singing boys, of whom there are
ten for the service of the chapel; a composer, two organists, a
lutenist, a violist, and other officers.

CHAPELS. Though there are 115 churches within this city, and the bills
of mortality, and above 120 meeting houses of dissenters, yet the
chapels of the established religion are very numerous, as will appear
from the following list.

1. Archbishop of Canterbury’s chapel, at Lambeth. 2. Ask’s almshouse
chapel, at Hoxton. 3. Audley street chapel. 4. Bancroft’s almshouse
chapel. 5. Banqueting house chapel, Whitehall. 6. Berwick street
chapel, Old Soho. 7. Bridewell hospital chapel. 8. Charter house
chapel. 9. College almshouse chapel, Deadman’s place. 10. Conduit
street chapel. 11. Coopers almshouse chapel, Ratcliff. 12. Curzon
street chapel. 13. Dacre’s chapel, Westminster. 14. Draper’s almshouse
chapel, Blackman street. 15. also at Newington Butts. 16. Duke’s
street chapel, Westminster. 17. Ely house chapel, Holborn hill. 18.
Fishmongers almshouse chapel, Newington Butts. 19. Fleet Prison
chapel. 20. Foundling hospital chapel. 21. Gray’s Inn chapel, Gray’s
Inn. 22. Great Queen street chapel, Lincoln’s Inn fields. 23. Gresham
College chapel, Bishopsgate street. 24. Grosvenor square chapel,
Audley’s street. 25. Guildhall chapel. 26. Guy’s hospital chapel,
Southwark. 27. Hill’s chapel, Rochester row, Westminster. 28.
Jeffries’s hospital chapel, Kingsland road. 29. Kensington palace
chapel. 30. King’s bench prison chapel, Southwark. 31. Kingsland
hospital chapel, Kingsland. 32. King’s street chapel, Oxford street.
33. Knight’s-bridge chapel, Knight’s-bridge. 34. Lamb’s chapel,
Monkwell street. 35. Lincoln’s Inn chapel, Chancery lane. 36. Lock
hospital chapel, Southwark. 37. Long Acre chapel, Long Acre. 38.
London infirmary chapel, Whitechapel. 39. London workhouse chapel,
Bishopsgate street. 40. Ludgate prison chapel. 41. Magdalen hospital
chapel, Goodman’s fields. 42. May fair chapel, May fair. 43. Mercers
chapel, Cheapside. 44. New Chapel, Westminster. 45. Newgate prison
chapel. 46. New street chapel, St. Giles’s in the fields. 47. Owen’s
almshouse chapel, Islington. 48. Oxendon chapel, near the Haymarket.
49. Oxford chapel, Marybon fields. 50. Palmer’s hospital chapel,
Westminster. 51. Petticoat lane chapel, Whitechapel. 52. Poultry
Compter chapel. 53. Queen square chapel, Westminster. 54. Queen street
chapel, Bloomsbury. 55. Ram’s chapel, Homerton, Hackney. 56. Rolls
chapel, Chancery lane. 57. Russel court chapel, Drury lane. 58. St.
James’s palace chapel. 59. St. John’s chapel, Clerkenwell. 60. St.
John’s chapel, near Red Lion street. 61. St. Margaret’s chapel. Chapel
street. 62. St. Martin’s almshouse chapel, Hog lane. 63. St. Thomas’s
hospital chapel, Southwark. 64. Serjeants inn chapel, Chancery lane.
65. Skinner’s almshouse chapel, Mile end. 66. Somerset house chapel.
67. Spring garden chapel, Charing Cross. 68. Staple’s inn chapel,
Holborn. 69. Trinity almshouse chapel, Mile end. 70. Vintners
almshouse chapel, Mile end. 71. Whitechapel prison chapel. 72.
Whitington’s college chapel, College hill. 73. Wheeler’s chapel,
Spitalfields. 74. Wood street Compter chapel, Wood-street.

_French_ CHAPELS. 1. Black Eagle street chapel, Spitalfields. 2. Berwick
street chapel, Old Soho. 3. Brown’s lane chapel, Spitalfields. 4.
Castle street chapel Green street. 5. Crispin’s street chapel,
Spitalfields. 6. Friery chapel, Pallmall. 7. Hog lane chapel, Soho. 8.
Little Chapel street chapel, Old Soho. 9. Little Rider’s court chapel,
Little Newport street. 10. Mary le Bon chapel, St. Mary le Bon. 11.
Milk alley chapel, Wapping. 12. Orange street chapel, Hedge lane. 13.
Petticoat lane chapel. 14. St. John’s street chapel, Swanfields,
Shoreditch. 15. St. Martin’s lane chapel, Canon street. E. 16. Savoy
chapel, in the Savoy. E. 17. Slaughter’s street chapel, Swanfields,
Shoreditch. 18. Spring garden chapel, Charing Cross. 19. Threadneedle
street chapel. E. 20. Three crown court chapel, Spitalfields. 21. West
street chapel, Soho.

_German_, _Dutch_ and other CHAPELS. 1. Danish chapel, Well close
square. 2. Dutch chapel, St. Augustine Friars. 3. and in the Savoy. 4.
German chapel, in St. James’s Palace. E. 5. and in the Savoy. E. 6.
German chapel, in Trinity lane. E. 7. Swedish chapel, Prince’s square,
Ratcliff highway.

The chapels of the French, Dutch, and Germans, might perhaps with
greater propriety be placed among the meeting houses of the Protestant
dissenters, except those mark’d with an E, which properly belong to
those of the established religion; the Common Prayer being read in
French or German, and worship performed nearly in the same manner as
in the national church.

_Popish_ CHAPELS _of Foreign Ministers_. 1. French Ambassador’s in Greek
street. 2. Imperial Ambassador’s, Hanover square. 3. Portuguese
Ambassador’s, in Golden square. 4. Sardinian Ambassador’s, Lincoln’s
Inn fields. 5. Venetian Ambassador’s, Suffolk street.

CHAPEL _alley_, 1. near Oxford street.☐ 2. Long Acre.☐

CHAPEL _court_, 1. Audley street.☐ 2. Gilbert street, Bloomsbury.☐ 3.
Henrietta street, Cavendish square.☐ 4. Lincoln’s Inn.☐

CHAPEL _passage_, Gray’s Inn.☐

CHAPEL _street_, 1. Audley street.☐ 2. Broad Way, Westminster.☐ 3. Long
Acre.☐ 4. Red Lion street, Holborn.☐ 5. Wardour street.☐

CHAPMAN’S _court_, George street, Tothill side.☐

CHAPMAN’S _rents_, Barnaby street.☐

CHAPMAN’S _yard_, Goodman’s fields.☐

CHAPTER HOUSE, on the north side of St. Paul’s church yard. This is a
handsome building, belonging to St. Paul’s, in which the Convocation
of the province of Canterbury sat to consult about ecclesiastical
affairs, and to form canons for the government of the church: but tho’
the upper and lower house are called by the King’s writ at every
session of parliament, they are now constantly prorogued, and
dismissed by his Majesty’s authority.

CHAPTER HOUSE _court_, St. Paul’s church yard.☐

CHARING CROSS, opposite the west end of the Strand, is so denominated
from a village called Charing, in which Edward I. caused a magnificent
cross to be erected in commemoration of his beloved Queen Eleanor,
part of which continued till the civil wars in the reign of Charles I.
when it was entirely destroyed by the populace, as a monument of
popish superstition. _Stow._ However, after the restoration an
equestrian statue of King Charles I. was erected on the spot where
this cross stood, which is still, tho’ very improperly, called Charing
Cross. This statue has the advantage of being well placed; the
pedestal is finely elevated, and the horse full of fire and spirit;
but the man is not perhaps equally well executed: so that upon the
whole it can neither be generally condemned, nor universally
admired.[2] Its situation is shewn in the view of Northumberland
House.

Footnote 2:

It is said that Oliver Cromwell after King Charles I. was beheaded,
ordered this statue to be taken down and sold to a founder to melt,
but that a royalist contrived to get it, and kept it concealed till
the restoration, when it was again set up.

CHARING CROSS _court_, Charing Cross.

CHARING CROSS _yard_, Forest street, Lambeth.

CHARITABLE CORPORATION OFFICE, Spring Garden, Charing Cross. This
Society was incorporated by Queen Anne in the year 1708, for the
relief of the industrious poor, by assisting them with small sums,
lent upon pledges at legal interest. For this purpose the corporation
were impowered to raise a fund not less than 20, nor more than
30,000_l._ but this sum being afterwards increased by additional
grants to 600,000_l._ was, instead of being employed to the mutual
advantage of the poor, and of the proprietors, villainously embezzled
by the company’s cashier, warehouse keeper, and others, the two former
of whom fled to France to shelter themselves from justice. Upon this
the proprietors applied to parliament, and had a lottery granted for
their relief; while those who had fled were invited to return and
produce the books and effects of the corporation; and on their not
complying were declared felons.

This corporation were by their charter enjoined not to interfere with
the Bank of England by discounting of bills; nor to trade in any other
business but that of lending money upon pledges, which they were to
advance upon legal interest, and a reasonable allowance for charges.
Their affairs were under the direction of a committee of seven of the
proprietors, three or more of whom constituted a court, impowered to
make by-laws for the better government of the company, and to appoint
their cashier, warehouse keepers, accomptant, clerks, &c.

During the prosperity of this corporation they had two offices, one in
Spring Garden, and the other on Laurence Poulteney’s hill; but their
misfortunes occasioned that in the city to be laid aside.

CHARITY _alley_, near St. Thomas street Southwark.

CHARITY _court_, Aldersgate street.

CHARLES _court_, 1. Bartholomew close. 2. Near Hungerford market. 3. In
the Strand.

CHARLES’S _rents_, St. George’s fields.

CHARLES’S _square_, a small neat square near Pitfield street, Hoxton: a
grass plat in the area is surrounded with wooden rails, and a row of
trees on each side, all cut in the manner of a cone, or sugar loaf.
The houses, which take up only two sides and a part of a third, are
handsome buildings; and the rest of the square is separated from the
neighbouring gardens by rows of pales.

CHARLES _street_, 1. Black Friars. 2. Bridgewater gardens. 3. Covent
garden. 4. St. James’s square. 5. Grosvenor square. 6. King’s street,
Westminster. 7. Long Acre. 8. Old Gravel lane. 9. Oxford street. 10.
Pitfield street, Hoxton. 11. Russel street, Covent garden. 12.
Westminster.

CHARLTON, a pleasant well-built village in Kent, on the edge of
Blackheath; famous for a very disorderly fair held in its
neighbourhood, on St. Luke’s day, when the mob who wear horns on their
heads, take all kinds of liberties, and the lewd and vulgar among the
women give a loose to all manner of indecency. This is called Horn
Fair, and there are sold at it, Rams horns, horn toys and wares of all
sorts. Of this fair a vulgar tradition gives the following origin:
King John having a palace at Eltham, in this neighbourhood, and being
hunting near Charlton, then a mean hamlet, was separated from his
attendants, when entering a cottage he admired the beauty of the
mistress, whom he found alone, and debauched her; her husband,
however, suddenly returning, caught them in the fact, and threatening
to kill them both, the King was forced to discover himself, and to
purchase his safety with gold, besides which he gave him all the land,
from thence as far as the place now called Cuckold’s Point, and also
bestowing on him the whole hamlet, established a fair, as a condition
of his holding his new demesne, in which horns were both to be sold
and worn. A sermon is preached on the fair day in the church, which is
one of the handsomest in the county, and was repaired by Sir Edward
Newton, Bart. to whom King James I. granted this manor. This gentleman
built his house at the entrance of the village: it is a long Gothic
structure, with four turrets on the top; it has a spacious court yard
in the front, with two large Gothic piers to the gates, and on the
outside of the wall is a long row of some of the oldest cypress trees
in England. Behind the house are large gardens, and beyond these a
small park which joins to Woolwich common. This house now belongs to
the Earl of Egmont.

On the edge of the hill, and at a small distance from the church, are
two fine houses, one of which was in the possession of the late
Governor Hunter, and the other was erected by the late Lord Romney.
The gardens being on the side of the hill, slope down towards the
river, and render the prospect very delightful in summer, from the
extensive view they afford of the country, and of the great number of
ships that are generally sailing by every tide: but being fully
exposed to the north wind, the fruit trees are generally blighted; and
in winter time the air is said to be made unwholesome by the water
which frequently overflows the neighbouring plains.

CHARTERHOUSE. This edifice was originally a religious foundation. In the
year 1349 a terrible pestilence swept off more than half the
inhabitants of London; and the church yards being unable to contain
the dead, Sir Walter Manny, Bart. a foreign gentleman, who had been
honoured with the order of the Garter by King Edward III. for his
bravery in the field, purchased for a burial ground a spot of thirteen
acres, where the Charterhouse now stands, and 50,000 persons are said
to have been buried there in the space of that year.

The following year that public benefactor built a chapel upon the
spot, according to the religion of those times, for prayers to be said
for the souls of all who had been interred there, and afterwards
founded a monastery of the Carthusians in the same place. This
monastery, by the corruption of the word _Cartreux_, by which the
French mean a Carthusian house, obtained the name of Charterhouse.

This monastery being dissolved at the reformation, at length fell to
the Earl of Suffolk, who disposed of it to Thomas Sutton, Esq; a
citizen of London, for 13,000_l._ The latter then applied to King
James I. for a patent for his intended charitable foundation, which
was readily granted in the year 1611, and confirmed by parliament in
1628. The expence of fitting up the house for the reception of his
pensioners and scholars amounted to 7000_l._ which added to the
purchase money, made 20,000_l._ But this was not all, he endowed his
hospital and school with fifteen manors, and other lands, to the value
of above 4490_l._ _per annum_. And the estate is at present improved
to above 6000_l._ a year.

In this house are maintained eighty pensioners, who, according to the
institution are gentlemen, merchants, or soldiers, who are fallen into
misfortunes. These are provided with handsome apartments, and all the
necessaries of life, except cloaths, instead of which each of them is
allowed a gown, and 7_l._ _per annum_.

There are also forty-four boys supported in the house, where they have
handsome lodgings, and are instructed in classical learning, &c.
Besides these, there are twenty-nine students at the universities, who
have each an allowance of 20_l._ _per annum_ for the term of eight
years. Others who are judged more fit for trades, are put out
apprentices, and the sum of 40_l._ is given with each of them. As a
farther encouragement to the scholars brought up on this foundation,
there are nine ecclesiastical preferments in the patronage of the
Governors, who, according to the constitution of the hospital, are to
confer them upon those who were educated there.

The pensioners and youths are taken in at the recommendation of the
Governors, who appoint in rotation. _Maitland._

The buildings, which are extremely rude and irregular, have nothing
but their convenience and situation to recommend them. The rooms are
well disposed, and the square in the front is very neat, and kept in
as good order as most in town. This square and the large gardens
behind, give a free air, and at one and the same time contribute both
to health and pleasure.

CHARTERHOUSE _lane_, Charterhouse square.☐

CHARTERHOUSE _square_, near West Smithfield.☐

CHARTERHOUSE _street_, Long lane, West Smithfield.☐

CHEAPSIDE, 1. From St. Paul’s church yard to the Poultry. It derives its
name from there being a market there, or in the Saxon language a
Cheap. In the year 1331, only the south side of this street Was built,
and there being a great opening on the other side King Edward III.
held jousts or tournaments there for three days together. _Maitland._
It is a spacious street, adorned with lofty buildings, inhabited by
goldsmiths, linendrapers, haberdashers, &c. extending from Paternoster
row to the Poultry. 2. There is another street called Cheapside in the
Mint, Southwark.

CHEAP WARD, is situated in the very center of the city; it being bounded
on the north by Cripplegate ward, Bassishaw ward, and Coleman street
ward; on the west by Queenhithe ward, and Cripplegate ward; on the
south by Cordwainers ward; and on the east by Broad street ward, and
Wallbrook ward: it takes its name from the Saxon word _Chepe_, a
market, there being one kept in this division of the city. This market
was from its situation known by the name of West Cheap, to distinguish
it from the market, between Candlewick street, and Tower street,
called East Cheap.

The principal streets in this ward are, Bucklersbury, the north side
of Pancras lane, part of Queen street, the Poultry, the south end of
the Old Jewry, Ironmonger lane, King street, Laurence lane, the east
end of Cheapside, as far as to the midway between the paved passage
into Honey lane market and Milk street, and part of Cateaton street.

The most remarkable buildings are, the parish churches of St. Mildred
in the Poultry, and St. Mary’s Colechurch; Guildhall, Mercer’s hall,
or Chapel, and Grocer’s hall, with the Poultry Compter.

This ward has an Alderman, and his Deputy, eleven other Common Council
men, twelve wardmote inquest men, nine scavengers, eleven constables,
and a beadle. The jurymen returned by the wardmote inquest, serve in
the courts in Guildhall in the month of February.

CHELSEA, a very large and populous village, two miles from London,
pleasantly situated on the banks of the Thames almost opposite to
Battersea. Here is the physic garden belonging to the company of
Apothecaries of London, a particular account of which the reader may
find in the article relating to that company. Sir Robert Walpole, the
late Earl of Orford, had here for some time a house adorned with a
noble collection of pictures, which was afterwards removed to
Houghton-hall in Norfolk, and is now thought the finest collection in
England[3]. There are several other private buildings worthy of the
observation of the curious. I. At this place is the house and fine
gardens that belonged to the late Earl of Ranelagh. See RANELAGH
GARDENS. Salter’s coffee house here is well known, being much
frequented on account of the great number of natural curiosities to be
seen there.

Footnote 3:

See an account lately published, entitled ÆDES WALPOLIANÆ.

CHELSEA _Hospital_, a noble edifice erected for the invalids in the land
servive. The original building on this spot was a college founded by
Dr. Sutkliff, Dean of Exeter, in the reign of King James I. for the
study of Polemic divinity, and was endowed in order to support a
Provost and Fellows, for the instruction of youth in that branch of
learning. The King, who laid the first stone, gave many of the
materials, and promoted the work by a large sum of money, and the
clergy were very liberal upon the same occasion; but the sum settled
upon the foundation by Dr. Sutkliff being far unequal to the end
proposed, the rest was left to private contributions; and these coming
in slowly, the work was stopped before it was finished, and therefore
soon fell to ruin. At length the ground on which the old college was
erected, becoming escheated to the crown, Charles II. began to erect
the present hospital, which was carried on by James II. and completed
by William and Mary.

The whole edifice, which was built by the great Sir Christopher Wren,
consists of a vast range of buildings. The front toward the north
opens into a piece of ground laid out in walks for the pensioners; and
that facing the south, into a garden which extends to the Thames, and
is kept in good order. This side affords not only a view of that fine
river, but of the county of Surry beyond it. In the center of this
edifice is a pediment supported by four columns, over which is a
handsome turret, and through this part is an opening which leads
through the building. On one side of this entrance is the chapel, the
furniture and plate of which was given by K. James I. and on the other
side is the hall, where all the pensioners dine in common, the
officers by themselves. In this hall is the picture of King Charles
II. on horseback, with several other pieces as big as the life,
designed by Signior Vario, and finished by Mr. Cook. These were
presented by the Earl of Ranelagh. The pavement of both the chapel and
hall are black and white marble. The altar piece in the chapel is the
resurrection, painted by Sebastian Ricci.

The wings, which extend east and west, join the chapel and hall to the
north, and are open towards the Thames, on the south; these are near
360 feet in length, and about 80 in breadth, they are three stories
high, and the rooms are so well disposed, and the air so happily
thrown in by means of the open spaces, that nothing can be more
pleasant. On the front of this square is a colonade extending along
the side of the hall and chapel, over which upon the cornice is the
following inscription in capitals.

_In subsidium et levamen emeritorum senio, belloque fractorum,
condidit_ CAROLUS II. _Auxit_ JACOBUS II. _Perfecere_ GULIELMUS
_et_ MARIA, _REX ET REGINA_, MDCXC.

And in the midst of the quadrangle is the statue of King Charles II.
in the ancient Roman dress, somewhat bigger than the life, standing
upon a marble pedestal. This was given by Mr. Tobias Rustat, and is
said to have cost 500_l_.

_North Front of Chelsea Hospital._
]

_South Front of the Same._
_S. Wale delin._ _J. Green sc. Oxon._
]

There are several other buildings adjoining, that form two other large
squares, and consist of apartments for the officers and servants of
the house; for old maimed officers of horse and foot, and the
infirmary for the sick. None of these are shewn in the two views we
have given, which only represent the two principal fronts of the
hospital.

An air of neatness and elegance is observable in all these buildings.
They are composed of brick and stone, and which way soever they are
viewed, there appears such a disposition of the parts as is best
suited to the purposes of the charity, the reception of a great
number, and the providing them with every thing that can contribute to
the convenience and pleasure of the pensioners.

Chelsea Hospital is more particularly remarkable for its great
regularity and proper subordination of parts, which is very apparent
in the north front. The middle is very principal, and the transition
from thence to the extremities, is very easy and delightful.

The expence of erecting these buildings is computed to amount to
150,000_l._ and the extent of the ground is above forty acres.

In the wings are sixteen wards, in which are accommodations for above
400 men, and there are besides in the other buildings, a considerable
number of apartments for officers and servants.

These pensioners consist of superannuated veterans, who have been at
least twenty years in the army; or those soldiers who are disabled in
the service of the crown. They wear red coats lined with blue, and are
provided with all other cloaths, diet, washing, and lodging. The
Governor has 500_l._ a year; the Lieutenant Governor 250_l._ and the
Major 150_l._ Thirty-six officers are allowed 6_d_. a day; thirty-four
light horsemen, and thirty serjeants, have 2_s._ a week each;
forty-eight corporals and drums have 10_d_. per week; and three
hundred and thirty-six private men, are each allowed 8_d_. a week. As
the house is called a garrison, all the members are obliged to do duty
in their respective turns; and they have prayers twice a day in the
chapel, performed by two chaplains, who have each a salary of 100_l._
a year. The physician, secretary, comptroller, deputy treasurer,
steward, and surgeon, have also each 100_l._ _per annum_, and many
other officers have considerable salaries. As to the out-pensioners,
who amount to between eight and nine thousand, they have each 7_l._
12_s._ 6_d_. a year.

These great expences are supported by a poundage deduced out of the
pay of the army, with one day’s pay once a year from each officer and
common soldier; and when there is any deficiency, it is supplied by a
sum raised by parliament. This hospital is governed by the following
commissioners; the President of the council, the first Commissioner of
the treasury, the Principal Secretary of state, the Pay master general
of the forces, the Secretary at war, the Comptrollers of the army, and
by the Governor and Lieutenant Governor of the hospital.

CHELSEA _Water-works_, are under the management of a society
incorporated by act of parliament in the year 1722, by the name of
_The Governor and Company of the Chelsea Water-works_. They have a
common seal, and power to purchase lands, &c. in mortmain to the value
of 1000_l._ _per annum_, with a right to alienate and dispose of the
same as they shall think proper. These works are divided into two
thousand shares. The company’s affairs are managed by a Governor,
Deputy Governor, and thirteen Directors.

CHELTON _court_, Bedfordbury.

CHENEY’S _alley_, Shoreditch.†

CHENEY’S _wharf_, Lower Shadwell.†

CHEQUER _alley_, 1. In the Borough.* 2. Great Old Bailey.* 3. Old
Bethlem. 4. Whitecross street, Cripplegate.*

CHEQUER _court_, 1. Charing Cross.* 2. Catharine’s lane.* 3. Golden
lane.*

CHEQUER _yard_, 1. St. Catharine’s lane.* 2. Dowgate hill.* 3. Golden
lane. 4. St. Martin’s lane, Charing Cross.* 5. Old street.* 6.
Whitechapel.*

CHERRY GARDEN _lane_, Rotherhith.‡

CHERRY GARDEN _stairs_, Rotherhith.‡

CHERRY GARDEN _street_, Rotherhith Wall.‡

CHERRY TREE _alley_, 1. Bunhill row.‡ 2. Golden lane.‡ 3. Ship street.‡
4. Whitecross street.‡

CHERRY TREE ALLEY _School_, was founded by Mr. William Worral in Cherry
Tree alley, Golden lane, in the year 1689, and endowed by him with the
annual revenue of 30_l._ for educating and cloathing forty boys, whose
livery is an orange colour, in commemoration of the revolution by the
Prince of Orange in 1688.

CHERRY TREE _corner_, Horseferry.

CHERRY TREE _court_, 1. Aldersgate street. 2. Gardiner’s lane. 3.
Piccadilly. 4. Cherubin court, Angel alley. 5. White’s alley.

CHERTSEY, a town in Surry, nineteen miles from London, carries on a
considerable trade in malt, which is sent in barges to London. Here
was once an abbey, in which was deposited the corpse of Henry VI. who
was stabbed in the Tower, but his body was afterwards removed by Henry
VII. to Windsor. Out of the ruins of this abbey Sir Henry Carew,
master of the buckhounds to King Charles II. built a very fine house.
To this village Cowley, the Poet, retired after being weary of
attending on the court, and there ended his days. Here is a bridge
over the Thames to Shepperton, and a handsome free-school erected by
Sir William Perkins, who had a seat here.

CHESHAM, a market town in Buckinghamshire, situated on the borders of
Hertfordshire, twenty-nine miles from London. It had formerly a
chantry, and has now a charity school.

CHESHIRE’S _rents_, 1. Fleet lane, by the Fleet market.† 2. Shipwright’s
street, Rotherhith.†

CHESHUNT, with its park and wash, are situated about fifteen miles from
London near the river Lea in Hertfordshire. Here was formerly a
convent of nuns; and King Edward III. gave Cheshunt the privilege of a
market, which has been long discontinued.

_L^{d.} Egremont’s_
]

_Chesterfield House._
_S. Wale del._ _B. Green sculp._
]