Chapter XXII: Imperial Federation (1)

It is impossible for anyone to visit Australia without speculating upon the future that awaits a country possessing such enormous natural wealth and resources. The rapid development that has taken place in every part of this continent during the past thirty years--a development for which there is no parallel in history--makes it certain that before long Australia will form a very considerable item in making up the balance of political power throughout the world. Already she has become a financial power of the first magnitude, and the annual yield of gold in Victoria alone has no small share in determining the value of money in every market from Hong-Kong to London.

It is obvious that a country with the natural advantages of Australia, inhabited, as she is, by the only race who have ever proved themselves able to rise from a colony into a nation, has before her, if she choose to claim it, an existence as one of the independent powers of the world. The question, therefore, naturally arises as to whether she will elect to remain a portion of the British Empire, or whether she will prefer to sever the connection that binds her to the mother country.

In the whole history of the world there has probably never been a question raised of such stupendous importance. The remarks which apply to Australia apply with equal force to Canada, and the subject involves a consideration of the British Empire as a whole, its possible development, its possible disintegration, and the relation of both these contingencies to the future of England herself, of her colonies, and of the whole world.

The Imperial Federation of the British Empire is too vast a subject to be considered at any length in a work of this kind, but it is one with which the future of Australia is so intimately connected that it is impossible to pass over it in silence. Imperial Federation has long been regarded as a mere vision of theorists, sufficiently alluring as a sentimental idea, but wholly incapable of being worked out as a practical problem.

Because no definite scheme has as yet been propounded, the unthinking majority, a class ever the foremost to criticise, have sneered at the notion as utterly unpractical, and relegated it in their own minds to the Millennium.

Opinion on the subject may be divided into three classes.

Firstly, there is the opinion of those who believe that the existing relations between England and her colonies are sufficiently close to secure the permanent unity of the Empire, in spite of the causes which at present threaten to break it up. This opinion may fairly be taken as an epitome of the ignorance of those who know nothing whatever about the subject.

Secondly, there is the opinion of those who recognise the likelihood of disintegration, but who face it with perfect equanimity, and entirely deny the possibility of framing any scheme of Federation that will avert it. This is a much more comprehensive class of ignorance than the first, a species of perverted knowledge which has been crystallised into drivelling similes. Colonies are compared to children who leave their parents as soon as they are grown up, or to fruit dropping off a tree when it is ripe. It is impossible to condemn too harshly such mischievous fallacies as these. Our Colonies are not the fruit, they are the branches of the tree itself--stalwart limbs of a mighty empire--and they drop off, not when they are ripe, but when the connection between them and the mother country is rotten.

Thirdly, there is the opinion of those who share neither the false security of the optimists nor the apathy of the pessimists, and who, while they see clearly the disintegrating causes that are undermining the fabric of the Empire, have set themselves resolutely to work to elaborate a practical scheme for reconstructing its political organisation upon a permanent basis. These are the men who, with a full recognition of the danger of doing nothing, and of the difficulty of doing anything, have rescued Imperial Federation from the misty regions of dreamland, and brought it within the scope of practical politics.

The standard of Imperial Federation has been set up, and the alacrity with which men of all political parties, in every part of the Empire, have hastened to enlist in the ranks of its supporters, proves conclusively how powerful a hold the idea has over all the leading spirits of the age. The extraordinary support which it has received at the outset has almost entirely silenced the enemies of the League which has now been formed. Here and there some editor of a newspaper, determined to prove that his ignorance does not arise from want of information, but from inability to digest it, exposes the petrifaction of his intellect in the shape of an article sneering at the promoters of Imperial Federation, because they have as yet laid down no definite scheme.

Fortunately it is not by babbling critics such as these that the matter will be decided.

Imperial Federation is a question that will be tried entirely upon its own merits, and if ever any practical form of it be carried out, it will be due to the “masterly inactivity” of those who forebore to hamper its development at the outset by any premature discussion of details. The time is rapidly approaching when some well-defined and precise scheme for the Federation of the Empire must be laid down.

But in the meantime it is the wise policy of the League to arouse popular enthusiasm in every British community, to point out the dangers that threaten, and the necessity for immediate action; so that when the time comes for the details of any scheme to be considered, the various portions of the Empire may be prepared to make mutual concessions to avert a common evil, and to secure a common good.

The ever-increasing majority in whose hands the power of deciding the destiny of their country has been placed, are men who, in the struggle for existence, have little leisure to devote to the consideration of politics. When a fair statement is laid before them, the working-classes are marvellously shrewd in discerning in which direction their best interests lie; but it is too much to expect them to evolve, out of their inner consciousness, a knowledge of what may be termed the unwritten current history of the world.

It is the solemn duty of every statesman worthy of the name to enlighten the minds of the working-classes upon those momentous questions which have now, by an extended suffrage, been surrendered into their hands for decision. The masses of the people have not the means for forming an independent judgment upon foreign affairs, and are only too ready to take their opinions at second hand from those who, from their position, are supposed to be qualified to direct them.

A change so momentous as the dismemberment of the Empire of Greater Britain is not accomplished in a day. It is a process so gradual that, unless we look carefully both at the past and at the present, we do not recognise that it is taking place. He alone reads history aright who, observing the events which conduce to the rise and fall of nations, traces those events back to their true cause, and applies the experience so gained to the solution of the problems of the present. Unfortunately the people of England at the present time are likely to gain but a scant insight into Imperial policy, from observing the flounderings of a Ministry whose actions have alienated every single European Power, and who have carried War with Dishonour into almost every portion of their own Empire.

Whatever questions of Colonial policy have been brought before them have been treated by the present Ministry with a mixture of stupidity and indifference which clearly proves them to be unworthy of the name of statesmen. It is evident that in the hearts of more than one of them the cry of “Perish India” finds only too ready an echo. The importance of retaining India is a question which cannot be discussed here, for its abandonment is bound up with the Disintegration of the Empire, and with the ruin of millions of the working-classes in Great Britain. It is sufficient that “Perish India” is identified with the name of a veteran agitator, a retrospect of whose long and still unfinished career shows that, under the mask of hypocritical friendship, he has never neglected an opportunity of injuring the working-classes.

We should be sorry to believe that the present Ministry in any way represents the feeling of England toward the Colonies. Most of its members neither know nor care anything whatever about foreign affairs, and the few whose political and geographical knowledge is not entirely bounded by the “silver streak” are consistent in nothing but a fixed determination to alienate the Colonies.

Mr. Gladstone repudiates the idea of Imperial Federation as “wholly visionary,” and declares that the most he hopes for as a statesman is to effect a separation from the Colonies without bloodshed.

If Lord Derby and Lord Granville are allowed to pursue their present treatment of Colonial interests much longer, it is probable that even the modest hope of Mr. Gladstone will not be realised.

The Colonial correspondence during the last twenty years shows that neither Lord Granville nor Lord Derby have ever lost an opportunity of insulting Colonial susceptibilities and injuring Colonial interests.

In 1870 it was openly stated in the Dominion Parliament of Canada by Sir Alexander Galt and Mr. Huntington that it was with unfeigned regret that they were obliged to conclude that it was the deliberate intention of Her Majesty’s Ministers to effect a separation between the two countries. Even stronger was the feeling which was aroused in New Zealand at the same time.

But all previous blunders of Colonial policy fade into insignificance when compared with the New Guinea question, and we can conceive nothing better calculated to produce a revolution in Australia than the conduct of the English Government in the matter. That it has not done so is entirely due to the fact that the Australians are able to discriminate between the English Government and the English people.

But no one can pretend that distinctions of this kind are a basis upon which the unity of the Empire can be long maintained.

Those who imagine that the existing relations between England and her Colonies are satisfactory will do well to study the New Guinea question, for it is one which conclusively proves that the Empire cannot remain united upon its present political basis.

The main facts connected with the case are well known to all. New Guinea is an island off the north-east coast of Queensland. Its southern shores form one side of Torres Straits, which is one of the main approaches to Australia, and altogether the island bears about the same geographical relation to Queensland that Ireland does to England.

For many years New Guinea has always been looked upon as belonging by natural right to the continent of Australia; but it was not until the danger of foreign annexation was felt that Australian statesmen realised the importance of at once securing the island for their country.

So great was the scare lest France should secure a foothold in the island, that even the delay of applying to the English Government was felt to be dangerous, and Queensland annexed the whole unoccupied portion of the island, with the full consent of Australia, and then invited the English Government to sanction the annexation.

The contemptuous incivility with which the Australian proposals were met proves, not only that Lord Derby had no sense of the delicate relations between a mother country and her colonies, but also that he entirely failed to realise the intrinsic importance of the question.

Setting aside any question of good feeling or decent behaviour, so as to bring the matter as far as possible within the scope of the present Foreign Office, it was surely most impolitic to irritate Australia by an uncivil demurrer to her just claims, when there was nothing whatever to be gained by opposing them.

Finding that open opposition was arousing a feeling in Australia which it would be difficult to deal with, Lord Derby then had recourse to treachery to accomplish his object of thwarting the wishes of the Australians. Yielding so far to the pressure which was brought to bear upon him, he annexed a portion of the island, and allayed the fears of Australia on the score of foreign intervention, by giving the most unqualified assurances that no other Power should be allowed to touch New Guinea.

While these very assurances were on their way out to the Colonies, it now transpires that Lord Derby and Lord Granville were engaged in handing over a portion of New Guinea to Germany, for no other conceivable purpose than at once to insult and to injure the most loyal of communities.

We look in vain for the motive which prompted this betrayal of Australian interests, but the result is, unfortunately, only too apparent. The question is not one of sentiment, but of real and tangible interest.

In annexing New Guinea, Australia was simply making a wise and politic effort to avail herself of geographical advantages, to secure a peaceful future. But the presence of the most powerful military nation in Europe, in an island adjacent to her shores, has entirely altered the prospects of Australia, and has inflicted a lasting injury upon her future.

It is not by the geographical advantages of an isolated position, but by an enormous addition to her naval and military force, that Australia must in future be prepared to secure herself from foreign aggression; and for this she has only the English Government to thank.

The surrender of Australian interests to Germany by English statesmen has aroused a feeling of bitter resentment and humiliation throughout the Colonies, and the feeling is not likely to be weakened by the discovery that while the action itself was discreditable to statesmen, the manner in which it was done was unworthy of gentlemen.

The recent offer of military assistance from the Colonies must awake enthusiastic admiration in the heart of every true Englishmen for the patriotism and loyalty of our kin beyond the sea. But the joy with which we in England hail the offer must be considerably lessened by the reflection that while the troops are embarking in Sydney for Suakim, the Colonial Secretary is being burnt in effigy in various parts of Australia.

Too many of us will be only too ready to jump to the conclusion that because the Colonies have shown themselves willing to take an active part in fighting our battles, therefore Imperial Federation is a _fait accompli_, and that nothing more remains to be done. A more mischievous delusion can hardly be imagined, and it is of the utmost importance that the present attitude of the Colonies should not be misunderstood.

The present offer of military assistance proves, indeed, that the Colonies are able and willing to bear their share of Imperial Defence. But we must remember that the offer is coupled with a protest against the recent action of the English Government, which no statesman will be wise to neglect.

The tone of the Australian Press with regard to the New Guinea question is a solemn warning that the present relations between the mother country and the Colonies cannot exist much longer.

The enthusiasm which prompted Australia to send her money and her men to help England in the Soudan, while still smarting under her betrayal to Germany by the English Government, is indeed the triumph of loyalty over exasperation. It is, in fact, a direct overture for Imperial Federation, and we shall do well to accept it as such, and as nothing more.

The sixteen Cabinet Ministers who have brought dishonour and disaster upon their country in every quarter of the globe, and who still cling desperately to office like barnacles to the bottom of a wreck, undoubtedly do not represent either the intelligence or the feeling of the country which they still pretend to govern. This the Australians recognise; but while their loyalty at present remains unshaken, they see clearly that where such a state of things exists their own interests cannot fail to be compromised, of which fact they have lately had a most disastrous example.

Let all those who believe that Imperial Federation now exists ask themselves if it is likely that the Colonies will continue to supply men and money for wars in the conduct of which they have no voice, and which are carried on upon purely party principles by a Government in whose imbecility they originated.

Is it likely that, after the warning of New Guinea, the Colonies will continue to surrender their interests to the arbitrary control of statesmen who betray every determination to repeat the blunders which caused the American Revolution?

It is possible that in years to come England may alienate Australia in the same way that she alienated America. Undoubtedly a prolonged succession of such statesmen as at present guide her foreign policy would have the effect of forcing every one of England’s Colonies, who were strong enough to do so, to declare their independence.

Fortunately, however, Imperial Federation is not a matter that will be left to be manipulated into a party question by politicians whose blunders have made all Europe merry for four years. It will be decided by the working men of Great Britain and her Colonies, whose interests are most deeply affected by the question; and it is probable that when the time comes, as it shortly will, that the matter must be settled one way or the other, they will decide in favour of retaining their respective positions as portions of one Empire.

There exists in Australia, among all classes, a feeling of loyalty and affection for the old country that has been well described as a passion. To those who look below the surface, there is something very instructive in the sentiment that prompts all Australians, born and bred in the colony, invariably to speak of England as “home,” though very possibly they may never have been there, and never intend to go. But although sentiment is undoubtedly an important element, there are other and far more weighty considerations which nearly affect the future of England and her Colonies.

The cardinal point upon which Imperial Federation turns is Imperial Defence; and the more closely we investigate both questions, the more impossible we shall find it is to separate them. The growing population of England, combined with her fiscal policy during the last thirty years, have made her dependent upon foreign supply for the necessaries of life, to an extent that it is impossible to contemplate without the gravest misgivings.

The only precaution that could neutralise the danger would be an enormous addition to the strength of her navy, and this has been neglected. At the same time the increase in the navies of other Powers has been so great that it is now doubtful whether, in the event of war, England could defend her own shores and at the same time afford sufficient protection to her commerce to avert the horrors of starvation.

It is evident, then, that if the Empire is to hold together, the Colonies must be prepared to contribute their due share towards its defence. That they are perfectly willing to do so there is little doubt, provided that their true position as integral portions of the Empire be recognised. England lost America because in the days of her weakness she never made it worth her while to continue as part of the Empire. She made the fatal mistake of treating her as an outlying estate, from which as much as possible was to be squeezed for her own benefit; and the consequence was, as soon as America was strong enough she severed the connection.

The slightest attempt on the part of England to repeat the same tactics with regard to Australia at the present time, or to treat with her otherwise than as an equal in the matter of Federation, would inevitably be followed by separation. And very justly so; for the question of Imperial Federation, though it is undoubtedly for the advantage both of England and of Australia, is of infinitely greater importance to the future of the mother country than to that of the colony. Both Australia and Canada have before them a glorious future, whether they remain portions of the Empire or become independent. But the future of England herself, deprived of her Colonies, is too gloomy a picture to dwell upon for a moment.

Indeed the Disintegration of the Empire would be a sufficiently deplorable catastrophe, supposing that it were inevitable. It is rendered doubly so by the brilliant prospect that is opened up by the possibility of Federation.

There is now, outside of England herself, a population of 10,000,000 of Englishmen, inhabiting a territory of almost boundless extent, and with unlimited capabilities for development. In about fifty years these 10,000,000 will have increased to 50,000,000, which, with the population of the mother country, will make a total of at least 100,000,000.

The question, therefore, for Englishmen in every quarter of the globe to ask themselves is this: Are we, by a wise and far-seeing policy, going to unite this enormous nationality in the close relations of an Imperial Federation; or are we, by neglecting the lessons of the past, and by ignoring the warnings of the present, going to allow the vast mass to resolve itself into hostile and helpless fragments, most of which will fall into obscurity among the increasing Powers of the world?

Shall our children and our grandchildren see the sublime spectacle of 100,000,000 of the most highly-civilised race in the world, inhabiting an Empire upon which the sun never sets, united by the bonds of race and religion, and still more closely united by the interests of an inter-dependent trade, secure from the attack of any foe from without, and developing an ever-increasing prosperity within; or shall they be forced to mourn over the ruins of the finest Empire that the world has ever seen, to watch one after another of its provinces detached from their centre, whether alienated by England’s own folly or torn from her by a Power which she can no longer resist; and, finally, to watch England herself, shorn of the strength which her remote Dependencies alone can give her, sinking beneath the burden of a paralysed trade and an enormous population, into an obscurity among the nations from which she will never rise again?

A Federation of all parts of the British Empire would form by far the most mighty Power that has ever existed in the world, and could laugh at any possible combination of hostile nations. England’s future as one of the leading Powers depends upon the success of the movement that has now started; and we believe that although an independent existence is open to more than one of her Colonies, they will one and all prefer the still more glorious future that awaits them as portions of the Empire of Greater Britain.

INDEX

Aden, scenery of, 7, 8.

Adventures with--alligators, 89-91;
black spider, 83;
emus, 80, 81;
kanakas, 148-151;
tame snake, 42;
wild Blacks, 132-134;
wild cattle, 97-100;
and wild pigs, 91-94.

Agricultural resources of Queensland, 254.

Ague, prevalence of, in Queensland, 275.

Alligators, in the Pioneer River, 29;
adventures with, 89-91.

Anecdotes of--French sailor, 2;
German doctor at the diggings, 177-184, 222;
a “sober” judge, 205, 206.

Ant, green-head, effects of a bite from, 165.

Australia, voyage to, 1-20;
pearl-fisheries of, 21-23;
alligators in, 89-91;
importance of good roads, 189;
the land question, 300-314;
and New Guinea, 333-335;
Governments of, 255;
and Government jobs, 256, 303, 304;
banks of, 305;
gold-mining (_q.v._), 156-173 _et seq._;
first discovery of gold at Summer Hill (1851), 298;
comparison of cattle and sheep stations in, 107-122;
effects of the drought in, 112, 113, 120, 298.
Judges of, 205;
the Blacks (_q.v._), 123-137;
mode of living in, 276;
benefit of hard work in, 77, 272;
drunkenness in, 198-207 (_see also_ Drink);
hospitality in, 315;
Englishman in, 316, 317, 318;
Australian in London, 317;
morality in London and Australia, 319;
woman in, 319, 320, 323, 327;
sport in, 95;
Australian cricketers, 302;
coaching in, 287, 288;
its future, 328.
(_See also_ Bush, _and_ Queensland.)

Australian Steam Navigation Company, 287.

Bark, buildings of, 175, 176, 177.

Batavia River, agricultural land on, 263.

Blacks, the, of Australia, 123-137;
physical qualities, 123;
their sense of humour, 125;
homicidal propensities, 128, 129, 132, 133;
their habits, 126, 130, 136, 137;
their creed, 127;
and superstition, 128, 129;
their troublesomeness, 135, 136;
at Somerset, 22, 24;
at hard work, 177;
a noble specimen, 125, 126;
missionaries among them, 129;
under religious instruction, 130;
employed by white men, 131, 132;
the labour question, 144;
native police among, 136;
hunting them, 96;
a wholesale poisoning, 134;
adventures with, 136, 137.

Black’s Creek, hunting wild cattle at, 97-106.

Blue Mountain, a Bush station, 55;
pig-sticking adventures at, 91-94.

Brighton, near Melbourne, 304.

Brisbane, population of, 284;
the town, 276;
hotel accommodation, 284;
railway through, 286;
the people, 283, 284;
hospitality of the residents, 285;
amusements of, 285;
Salvation Army in, 285, 286;
voyage from, to Sydney, recollections of, 287-290;
coast trade at (1879), 258.

Bullock-driving at the diggings, 177;
a model team, 214;
the driver, 214, 217;
method of, 213;
use of the whip, 213, 214;
professional swearing, 177, 216;
downhill without the brake, 217.

Bush, the, first impressions of, 35;
dangers of, 36, 55;
eaten alive by ants, 56;
slowly burned to death, 56, 57;
snakes, 82;
black spiders, 83, 233;
pest of flies, 84;
Bush fires, 85;
emus, 80, 81;
glory of morning, 43, 44.
A station in, 39-53;
houses, 46, 47, 174, 175, 178;
home in, 230-232;
life in, 54 _et seq._;
mode of living, 273, 274;
manners and morals, 277, 278;
absence of woman, 279;
sleeping, 42;
boots, 81;
riding in, 37, 66;
splitting timber, 78, 79;
wages in, 272;
pig-sticking adventures, 91-94;
Sunday in, 233;
the drink curse, 197 _et seq._ (_see also_ Drink);
prevalence of drinking, 201;
a Bushman’s method of drinking, 201, 283;
“knocking down a cheque,” 200;
relative advantages of town and Bush life, 280 _et seq._

Buck-jumping, by Bush horses, 48, 49, 50.

Burgess, Billy, a model stockman, 62, 63, 101-103.

Butcher-bird, in the Bush, 44.

Camping-out in the Bush, 98 _et seq._

Capitalists, advice to, 271, 272.

Carpentaria, Gulf of, unhealthy district, 275.

Cattle, wild, hunting them, 98-106.

Cattle-camps, 58, 59, _and see_ Cattle-growing.

Cattle-growing, the runs, 54;
fencing, 77, 79;
camps, 58, 59; fat cattle, 60, 61;
rowdy cattle, 73;
agility of Bush cattle, 74;
wild cattle on a run, 98, 106;
“burnt feed,” 87.

Stockman’s work, 55, 62;
stockman’s faculty, 62;
a model stockman, 62, 69;
mustering, 58, 69;
drafting or “cutting out,” 63, 69 _et seq._;
“yarding-up,” 70;
“tailing,” 75;
choosing cattle, 64;
“droving,” 65, 68;
driving fat cattle, 65.

Expenses and profits of station, 109, 110;
prices of cattle, 110;
risks, 110, 111;
losses from drought, 298;
“financing,” 115, 116;
comparison of cattle and sheep stations, 108-122;
cattle and sheep in Victoria, 310, 311.

Ceylon, tourists in, 15, 16.

Charters Towers, gold-field, 236, 238, 239.

Chinamen at the diggings, 169.

Cingalese at sugar-growing, 152.

“Clean skins,” wild cattle so called, 98.

Cloncurry, copper mines, 249.

Coaching in Australia, 286, 287.

Coal-beds in Queensland, 251.

Coasting trade of Queensland, 258.

Cobb and Co.’s mail-coaches, 286.

Colonies, British, and Imperial Federation, 332-340.

Colonist, an ideal, 154.

Coolies, for sugar-growing, 151, 152.

Copper mines of Queensland, 247-250;
at Peak Downs, 247;
the Mackinlay ranges, 248;
Cloncurry, 249;
Mount Flora and Mount Orange, 250.

Cricket, at Melbourne, 302;
Australian cricketers, 302.

Davidson, Mr. John Ewen, first sugar-mill in Queensland erected by,
138.

Derby, Lord, and the New Guinea question, 333, 335, 336.

Diggings, life on, 174 _et seq._;
names on, 195;
“jumping” a claim, 159, 180;
settling disputes, 159, 180;
accidents in the shaft, 193-196;
wages on, 234, 272;
home on, 231-234;
the doctor at, story of, 178-184, 222;
the policeman, 180-182;
drink curse on, 197 _et seq._ (_see also_ Drink);
deathbed scene on, 184-187.
(_See also_ Gold-mining _and_ Mount Britten.)

Draught-cattle, _see_ Bullock-driving.

Drink, evils of, 18;
its deadly consequences, 199;
death from, on the diggings, 197;
public-houses in Mackay, 26;
public-houses on the diggings, 197;
adulteration of liquor, 198;
conduct of Government with regard to adulteration, 203, 204;
substitutes for liquor--“Pain-killer,” kerosene, “Farmer’s Friend,”
207.
On the diggings, 159, 170, 197 _et seq._;
Bacchanalians, 175;
cold water cure, 176;
the Bush drunkard, 279;
a Bushman’s method of drinking, 202, 279;
“knocking down a cheque,” 199;
drinking £600 in three weeks, 200;
“hospitality,” 201;
drinking with Death, 185-187.
Prevalence of drinking among all classes, 202;
preventive legislation useless, 198, 202;
difficulties of reform in liquor traffic, 203, 204, 206;
drinking customs in towns, 282, 283;
drunken legislators, 205;
“sober” judges, 205;
anecdote of one, 205, 206;
the doctor drunk, 25;
the town drunkard, 279;
“nipping,” 279, 283;
“a swizzle,” 31;
“anti-shouting,” 284;
drink on New South Wales Railway, 299;
a man with D.T. on voyage, 289.

Drought in Australia, 112, 113, 122, 298;
provision against, 120.

“Droving” in Australia, 67, 68.

Drunkenness in Australia, 197-207.
(_See also_ Drink.)

Duck-driving on the Pioneer River, 89, 90.

Eastern and Australian Steamship Co., boats of, 18, 24.

Eaten alive by ants in the Bush, 56.

England, hospitality in, 317, 318;
Australian in London, 318;
morality in London and Australia, 320.

Englishman in Australia, 317, 318.

Emu, in the Bush, 81;
suicide of, 80;
oil, 81.

“Erratic Star” gold reef, 172 _et seq._
(_See also_ Mount Britten.)

Fashion in Mackay, 26, 27.

Fencing for cattle stations, 77, 79.

Fielding, General, agent for the Syndicate of the Transcontinental
Railway Scheme, 263.

Fitzroy River, alligators in, 90, 91;
removing the Flats, 257.

“Flat-top,” an island at mouth of the Pioneer River, 259.

Flies in the Bush, pest of, 84;
the solitary fly, 85.

French sailor, anecdote of, 2.

Galle, description of, 15;
tourists at, 15, 16.

German doctor at the diggings, story of, 177-184, 222.

Gibbard, Charley, of the “Little Wanderer” (_q.v._) gold reef, 166,
170, 184, 187.

Gladstone, Mr., on Imperial Federation, 333.

Gold-mining, gold first discovered in Australia at Summer Hill
(1851), 298;
in Queensland, 165 _et seq._;
Queensland gold-fields, 238, 239;
future of, in Queensland, 240;
gold-mines of Victoria, 308;
yield of gold there, 308;
Gympie reefs, 236 _et seq._;
richest mine in the world at Mount Morgan, account of, 245-247;
at Mount Britten (_q.v._), 169 _et seq._;
“Little Wanderer,” 170 _et seq._ (_see also_ Mount Britten);
“Erratic Star,” 172 _et seq._ (_see also_ Mount Britten);
alluvial gold, 166, 169;
uncertainty of gold, 235, 236;
significance of black slate, 236.
The gold fever, 161;
the professional digger, 157;
a new chum’s luck, 169;
a “duffer rush,” 168;
“dividing mates,” 166;
prospecting for a reef, 167;
discovering a reef, 170, 171;
a good “prospect,” 171;
warden of gold-field, 171.
Life at the diggings, 174 _et seq._ (_see also_ Diggings);
accidents in the shaft, 193-196;
cost and difficulties of setting up machinery, 188-193, 208, 211,
212;
damming a creek, 209-211;
a quartz mill, 212;
retorting, 220.
Uncertainty of mining, 162, 167;
instances of evil effects of, 161;
cost of gold, 162;
expenses and profits, 234, 235;
statistics of Mount Britten reefs, 234;
ordinary history of a gold-field, 232;
floating a company, 307.

Gracemere, near Rockhampton, scene in a cattle-yard at, 74.

Granville, Lord, and the New Guinea question, 333, 335.

Grass-seed, on the coast of Queensland, evils to sheep from, 107.

Grass-trees in the Bush, 39.

Griffiths, Mr., his Ministry, 267;
in the Steel Rail Inquiry, 267.

Groom, Mr., Speaker in the Queensland Parliament, 268.

Gulf district of Queensland, advantages for sheep-farming, 121;
unhealthiness of, 273.

Gympie, gold-field, 188, 238-241.

Haslewood, a Bush station, 55.

Holliman, William, erects mill at Mount Britten diggings, 192, 211,
222.

Horses, in the Bush, 37, 47-53, 228;
buck-jumping, 48, 49;
endurance of, 50;
breaking-in, 49, 50;
“camp-horse,” 63.

Houses, of wood, in the Bush, 46, 174, 177, 230.

Hunting in Queensland, 92, 106.

Imperial Federation, opinions on, 328;
opponents of, 329;
work of the League, 330;
disintegration theory, 329;
dismemberment of the Empire a gradual process, 330;
conduct of present Ministry in Colonial affairs, 332-335;
and New Guinea, 333-335;
not a party question, 337;
will be decided by working-men of Great Britain and her Colonies,
337;
importance of Australia, 340 _et seq._;
sentiment in Australia, 337;
question of Imperial Defence, 337;
the case of America applied to Australia, 339;
to be, or not to be? 339.

“Jackaroos,” in the Bush, 76.

“Johnny cakes,” in the Bush, 100.

“Jumping,” on the diggings, 159, 179.

Kanakas, who and what they are, 145, 146;
effect of religious teaching on, 129, 130;
“missionary boys,” 129;
kidnapping them, 145;
employment of, 146, 147;
plundered by storekeepers, 146;
troublesomeness of, 146;
a scare, 149, 150.

Kangaroos, in Queensland, 95;
hunting them, 96.

Labour question, in sugar-growing, 136-153.

Land, price of, in Australia, 113, 114.

Land question, the, in Australia, 298, 311;
in New South Wales, 298;
in Queensland, 270, 271;
in Victoria, 311, 312;
selectors, 270.

Lawn-tennis, in Melbourne, 323, 324.

“Little Wanderer,” gold reef, _see_ Mount Britten.

Mackay, description of, 25, 26, 27;
need of port at, 259;
story of its breakwater, 259;
copper mines near, 250;
opposition of, to mining, 191;
sugar-growing (_q.v._) in, 138;
progress of, 140, 143;
planters of, 190;
fashion at, 27.

Mackinlay ranges copper mines, 248.

Marseilles, votive offerings of sailors at, 2, 3.

M’Ilwraith, Sir T., Premier of Queensland, his Ministry, 266;
his estimate for Transcontinental Railway, 261;
on the Colonial debt, 261;
in the Steel Rail Inquiry, 267.

Melbourne, its origin, 189;
climate, 324;
population, 300;
the town, 300, 304;
Government House and Botanical Gardens, 304;
Public Library and Institute of Fine Art, 301;
its fine buildings, 300;
hotels, 300;
and churches, 301;
its streets, 301;
a man nearly drowned in a gutter, 301;
the river Yarra, 304;
railways, cost of an accident, 303, 304;
the telephone, 305;
the Exchange, 305;
mining speculation at, 305, 306.
The people, 304;
life in, 320, 321;
drinking in, 324;
its clubs, 322;
dancing in, 323;
cricket at, 302;
lawn-tennis in, 326, 327;
tennis-court, 302;
suburbs, 303, 325;
country residences, 325-327.

“Milky Sea,” near Aden, 8.

Mines, advantage of, to a district, 189, 190;
of Queensland, 247.
(_See also_ Coal, Copper, Gold, Tin.)

Mount Britten, description of valley of, 164;
gold-field at, 163;
“Little Wanderer” reef at, 170, 184, 187, 226, 227;
“Erratic Star” reef at, 172;
accidents, 193-196;
damming a creek, 209-211;
setting up a mill, 192, 195-197, 208, 211, 218-223;
“Sabbath Calm” mill, 221;
a first crushing, 222, 223;
first gold escort from, 227;
result of further crushings, 227;
statistics of reefs at, 229, 230;
floating the Company, 305-307.

Mount Flora, copper mines at, 250.

Mount Morgan, richest mine in the world, account of, 245-247.

Mount Orange, copper mines at, 250.

Mount Spencer, a Bush station, 39-41;
description of, 45, 46;
the horse-yards, 47;
cattle runs, 54;
cattle-growing (_q.v._) at, 55 _et seq._;
camping at, 44.
(_See also_ Bush.)

Mount Spencer country, its extent and divisions, 53.

Mummies of Australian Blacks, 128.

“Myalls,” wild Blacks (_q.v._) of Australia, 134.

Naples, beauties of, 1.

New Guinea question, 334-336;
public feeling in Australia, 335.

New South Wales, the Colonial debt, 261;
population, 255;
gold diggings of, 298;
mining swindle in, 305;
chief produce of, 298;
the drought, 298;
the land question, 299.

Newton, Mr. R., his exposure of the Transcontinental Railway Scheme,
264.

Palmer, gold-field, 239.

Peak Downs, copper mines, 247.

Pearl-fishing, Australia, 21, 22.

Pigs, wild, adventures with, at Blue Mountain, 92-94.

Pioneer River, scenery of, 24, 27;
alligators in, 29;
wild duck shooting on, 89, 90.

Poison-wood, effects of, 184.

Port Said, character of, 3.

Queensland, voyage to, 1-20;
coast scenery, 23, 24;
coast towns, 24;
area and population, 242;
climate, 272-274;
unhealthy district of, 273;
fever and ague in, 275.
Her resources and prospects, 242-275;
forests and timber, 242;
the Bush (_q.v._), 40;
mineral wealth, 244-247;
gold-fields, 238, 239;
gold-mining (_q.v._) in, 154 _et seq._;
mining in, 307;
copper mines, 247-249;
coal-beds, 251;
tin-mines, 251;
her real greatness, 252;
prairies, 253;
stock-rearing resources, 253 (_see_ Cattle-growing _and_
Sheep-farming);
advantages of Gulf country for sheep-farming, 121;
comparison of cattle and sheep stations, 107-122;
drought, 298;
well-sinking, 120;
agricultural resources, 255;
price of land in, 113, 114;
sugar-growing (_q.v._) in, 138-153;
need of railways, 255, 256;
great want of harbours and sea-ports, 256, 258;
coasting-trade, 258;
vitality of the Colony, 260;
the Colonial debt, 261.
The Government, 143, 151, 256;
conduct of Government with regard to adulteration of liquor, 203,
204;
and the Mackay breakwater, 256, 260;
the M’Ilwraith Ministry, 266;
and the Transcontinental Railway Scheme, 260-266;
the new Speaker, 267;
depravity of Parliament, 267;
indifference of squatters to legislation, 268, 269;
coloured labour question, 142-153;
the land question, 269, 270;
selectors, 270;
the Land Bill, 136.
The population required, 270;
capitalists in, 271;
the working-man in, 271;
wages in, 272.
Life in coast-towns, 273;
townsmen’s mode of living, 273, 274;
relative advantages of town and Bush life, 274 _et seq._;
sport in, 88 _et seq._, 96-106;
coaching in, 286, 287;
a thunder-storm in, 209, 210;
the Blacks troublesome in, 131;
native police of, 132.
(_See also_ the Bush.)

Railways, in Australia, 286;
in Victoria, 308;
Brisbane-Roma line, 260;
the Central Railway, 265;
from Sydney to Melbourne, 299;
of Melbourne, 303;
cost of an accident, 303;
rival brakes, 303, 304;
great need of, in Queensland, 255, 256;
benefit of, to Queensland, 260;
story of the Transcontinental Railway Scheme, 261-266.

Ravenswood, gold-field, 236.

Rawson, Mr. Charles, of “Sleepy Hollow,” Mackay, 30-32.

Riding, in the Bush, 35, 47-49, 66;
dangers in the Bush, 56.

Rockhampton, origin of, 168;
richest mine in the world, in neighbourhood of, 245-247;
scene in a cattle-yard near, 74, 75.

“Round Top,” an island at mouth of the Pioneer River, 259.

“Sabbath Calm,” mill at Mount Britten (_q.v._), 221.

Salvation Army in Brisbane, 285, 286.

“Scrub,” a, in Queensland, 33.

Sheep-farming, in Queensland, 107 _et seq._;
past and present, 111 _et seq._;
advantages of the Gulf country for, 121;
estimate of expenditure on sheep-station, 118, 119;
price of land, 113, 114;
drought, 112, 113, 120;
losses from drought, 298;
“financing,” 111;
overstocking, 113;
produce of wool, 115, 116;
profits of, 115-117;
comparison of cattle and sheep stations, 107-122;
number of sheep in New South Wales (1883), 298;
in Victoria, 310, 311.

Shepherding, effects of, 75.

Shooting wild ducks on the Pioneer River, 88, 89.

Singapore, description of, 17, 18.

“Sleepy Hollow,” station in Mackay, 30, 32, 33.

Smoking, among Bushmen, 44, 100.

Snakes, in the Queensland Bush, 82;
snake-bite and antidote, 83;
a tame one, 42.

Somerset, pearl-fishing at, 21;
Blacks and Whites at, 22, 23.

South Sea Islands, labour traffic, 142 _et seq._
(_See also_ Kanakas.)

Spider, black, poisonous effects of bite, 83;
met by, 233.

Spiller, Mr. John, first to grow sugar in Queensland (1866), 138.

Sport in Queensland, 88-94 _et seq._, 96-106.

Squatters of Queensland, 269-272;
pioneers of civilisation, 311;
and the Land Bill, 312.

St. Kilda, near Melbourne, 304.

Steel Rail Inquiry, account of, 267.

Stockmen, their work, 58 (_see also_ Cattle-growing);
faculty for remembering cattle, 62, 100;
their conversation, 100-102;
a model, 62, 72, 100, 102.

Straight, Mr., Commissioner of Railways, his Bill, 303.

Sugar-growing, in Queensland, 138-153;
in Mackay, 30;
favourable climate for, 141;
a “rush” on, 139, 140;
over-speculation in, 141;
risks of, 142;
effects of “rust,” 139;
increase of trade, 258, 259;
progress in Mackay, 141, 143;
labour question, 142-153;
kanakas (_q.v._), 145-149;
coolies (_q.v._), 151;
and white labour, 152.

Sugar planters in Mackay, 27.

Sunday in the Bush, 232, 233.

Sunstroke, causes of, 17;
in the Bush, 273.

Swearing, 280;
among bullock-drivers, 176, 210.

Swimming in Queensland creeks, 161.

“Swizzle,” a, what it is, 31.

Sydney, its climate, 294;
population, 297;
the harbour, 291, 297;
the town, 291, 292;
the Exhibition, 292;
hotel accommodation, 294, 295;
steam tramcars, 295;
its newspapers, 296, 297;
railway, 297, 299;
and wealth, 293.
Its society, 293;
and people, 292, 293, 294, 296;
the Sydney waiter, 294;
yachting at, 297;
value of land in and near, 292;
recollections of hospitality at, 293, 294.

_Sydney Morning Herald_, 296.

_Sydney Bulletin_, 297.

Tea-drinking in the Bush, 78;
“quart-pot” tea, 99.

Thunder-storm in Queensland, 209, 210.

Timber, varieties of, in Queensland, 242, 243.

Tin-mines, of Queensland, 251;
at Stanthorpe, 251;
the Herberton “rush,” 251.

Townsville, imports of (1883), 258.

Tramcars, by steam, in Sydney, 295.

Transcontinental Railway Scheme, story of the, 260-266;
its exposure, 264.

Underwood’s antidote for snakebite, 83.

Victoria, population of, 308;
Government, 259;
scene in the House, 304;
statistics of, 309, 310;
mining in, 307;
gold-mines, 308;
and gold-mining in, 162, 165;
yield of gold in, 308;
the land question, 311, 312;
the land-tax, 312;
prospects of, 313.

Water-hole camp, at Mount Spencer (_q.v._), 60.

Whitsunday Passage, scenery of, 23.

Williamstown, port of Melbourne, 304.

Woman, her influence, 279.

Wool, value of, in Australia, 111;
produce of, in Queensland, 115, 116;
increase of, in Victoria, 310;
amount exported from New South Wales (1883), 298.
(_See also_ Sheep-farming.)

Yarra River, through Melbourne, 304.

THE END

_Printed by_ R. & R. CLARK, _Edinburgh_.

JULY 1886.

BOOKS, &c.,

ISSUED BY

MESSRS. W. H. ALLEN & Co.,

Publishers & Literary Agents to the India Office

COMPRISING

MISCELLANEOUS PUBLICATIONS IN GENERAL
LITERATURE.

MILITARY WORKS, INCLUDING THOSE ISSUED
BY THE GOVERNMENT.

INDIAN AND MILITARY LAW.

MAPS OF INDIA, &c.

LONDON:
W. H. ALLEN & CO., 13 WATERLOO PLACE
PALL MALL, S.W.

Works issued from the India Office, and sold by
W. H. ALLEN & Co.

=Illustrations of Ancient Buildings in Kashmir.=

Prepared at the Indian Museum under the authority of the Secretary
of State for India in Council. From Photographs, Plans, and
Drawings taken by Order of the Government of India. By Henry Hardy
Cole, Lieut. R.E., Superintendent Archæological Survey of India,
North-West Provinces. In 1 vol.; half-bound, Quarto. 58 Plates. £3
10s.

The Illustrations in this work have been produced in Carbon from
the original negatives, and are therefore permanent.

=Pharmacopœia of India.=

Prepared under the Authority of the Secretary of State for India.
By Edward John Waring. M.D. Assisted by a Committee appointed for
the Purpose. 8vo. 6s.

=The Stupa of Bharhut. A Buddhist Monument.=

Ornamented with numerous Sculptures illustrative of Buddhist Legend
and History in the Third Century B.C. By Alexander Cunningham,
C.S.I., C.I.E., Major-General, Royal Engineers (Bengal Retired);
Director-General Archæological Survey of India. 4to. 57 Plates.
Cloth gilt. £3 3s.

=Archæological Survey of Western India.=

Report of the First Season’s Operations in the Belgâm and Kaladgi
Districts. January to May 1874. Prepared at the India Museum
and Published under the Authority of the Secretary of State for
India in Council. By James Burgess, Author of the “Rock Temples
of Elephanta,” &c. &c., and Editor of “The Indian Antiquary.”
Half-bound. Quarto. 58 Plates and Woodcuts. £2 2s.

=Archæological Survey of Western India. Vol. II.=

Report on the Antiquities of Kâthiâwâd and Kachh, being the result
of the Second Season’s Operations of the Archæological Survey of
Western India. 1874-1875. By James Burgess, F.R.G.S., M.R.A.S.,
&c., Archæological Surveyor and Reporter to Government, Western
India. 1876. Half-bound. Quarto. 74 Plates and Woodcuts. £3 3s.

=Archæological Survey of Western India. Vol. III.=

Report on the Antiquities in the Bidar and Aurungabad Districts in
the Territory of H.H. the Nizam of Haidarabad, being the result
of the Third Season’s Operations of the Archæological Survey of
Western India. 1875-1876. By James Burgess, F.R.G.S., M.R.A.S.,
etc. Half-bound. Quarto. 66 Plates and Woodcuts. £2 2s.

=Illustrations of Buildings near Muttra and Agra.=

Showing the Mixed Hindu-Mahomedan Style of Upper India. Prepared
at the India Museum under the Authority of the Secretary of State
for India in Council, from Photographs, Plans, and Drawings taken
by Order of the Government of India. By Henry Hardy Cole, Lieut.
R.E., late Superintendent Archæological Survey of India, North-West
Provinces. 4to. With Photographs and Plates. £3 10s.

=The Cave Temples of India.=

By James Ferguson, D.C.L., F.R.A.S., V.P.R.A.S., and James Burgess,
F.R.G.S., M.R.A.S., &c. Printed and Published by Order of Her
Majesty’s Secretary of State, &c. Roy. 8vo. With Photographs and
Woodcuts. £2 2s.

THE
NATIONAL REVIEW.

MONTHLY, 2s. 6d.

Vols. I. to VI. already issued, 17s. each.

Cases for Binding, 2s.

THE
ILLUSTRATED NAVAL & MILITARY MAGAZINE.

A MONTHLY JOURNAL

_Devoted to all subjects connected with H.M.
Land and Sea Forces._

2s. 6d.

Vols. I. to IV. already issued, 18s. 6d. each.

Cases for Binding, 2s. 6d.

THE ARMY AND NAVY MAGAZINE.

_A Monthly Service Review._

ONE SHILLING.

Vols. I. to XI. already issued, 7s. 6d. each.

Cases for Binding, 1s. 6d.

LONDON:
W. H. ALLEN AND CO., 13, WATERLOO PLACE.

MESSRS. W. H. ALLEN & CO.’S CATALOGUE OF BOOKS, &c.

[_All bound in cloth unless otherwise stated._]

_ABERIGH-MACKAY, GEORGE._

=Twenty-one Days in India.= Being the Tour of Sir Ali Baba, K.C.B.
Post 8vo. 4s. An Illustrated Edition. Demy 8vo. 10s. 6d.

_ABBOTT, Capt. JAMES._

=Narrative of a Journey from Herat to Khiva, Moscow, and St.
Petersburg, during the late Russian Invasion of Khiva.= With some
Account of the Court of Khiva and the Kingdom of Khaurisn. With Map
and Portrait. 2 vols. Demy 8vo. 24s.

=Academy Sketches=, including Various Exhibitions. Edited by Henry
Blackburn, Editor of “Academy” and “Grosvenor” Notes. Third year,
1886, 200 Illustrations. Demy 8vo. 2s.

=Æsop, the Fables of, and other Eminent Mythologists.= With Morals
and Reflections. By Sir Roger L’Estrange, kt. A facsimile reprint of
the Edition of 1669. Fcap. Folio, antique, sheep. 21s.

=Aids to Prayer.= Thirteenth Thousand. 24mo., cloth antique. 1s. 6d.

=Akbar: An Eastern Romance.= By Dr. P. A. S. Van Limburg-Brouwer.
Translated from the Dutch by M. M. With Notes and Introductory Life
of the Emperor Akbar, by Clements R. Markham, C.B., F.R.S. Cr. 8vo.
10s. 6d.

_ALBERG, ALBERT._

=Snowdrops: Idylls for Children.= From the Swedish of Zach
Topelius. Cr. 8vo. 3s. 6d.

=Whisperings in the Wood=: Finland Idylls for Children. From the
Swedish of Zach Topelius. Cr. 8vo. 3s. 6d.

=Queer People.= A Selection of Short Stories from the Swedish of
“Leah.” 2 vols. Illus. Cr. 8vo. 12s.

=Alexander II., Emperor of all the Russias, Life of.= By the Author
of “Science, Art, and Literature in Russia,” “Life and Times of
Alexander I.,” &c. Cr. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

_ALFORD, HENRY, D.D., the late Dean of Canterbury._

=The New Testament.= After the Authorised Version. Newly compared
with the original Greek, and Revised. Long Primer, Cr. 8vo., cloth,
red edges, 6s.; Brevier, Fcap. 8vo., cloth, 3s. 6d.; Nonpareil,
small 8vo., 1s. 6d., or in calf extra, red edges, 4s. 6d.

=How to Study the New Testament.= Vol. I. The Gospels and the Acts.
Vol. II. The Epistles, Part 1. Vol. III. The Epistles, Part 2, and
The Revelation. Three vols. Small 8vo. 3s. 6d. each.

_AMEER ALI, SYED, MOULVI, M.A., LL.B., Barrister-at-Law._

=The Personal Law of the Mahommedans (according to all the
Schools).= Together with a Comparative Sketch of the Law of
Inheritance among the Sunnis and Shiahs. Demy 8vo. 15s.

_ANDERSON, EDWARD L._

=How to Ride and School a Horse.= With a System of Horse
Gymnastics. Cr. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

=A System of School Training for Horses.= Cr. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

_ANDERSON, P._

=The English in Western India.= Demy 8vo. 14s.

_ANDERSON, THOMAS, Parliamentary Reporter, &c._

=History of Shorthand.= With an analysis and review of its present
condition and prospects in Europe and America. With Portraits. Cr.
8vo. 12s. 6d.

=Catechism of Shorthand=; being a Critical Examination of the
various Styles, with special reference to the question, Which is
the best English System of Shorthand? Fcap. 8vo. 1s.

_ANDREW, Sir WILLIAM PATRICK, C.I.E., M.R.A.S., F.R.G.S., F.S.A._

=India and Her Neighbours.= With Two Maps. Demy 8vo. 15s.

=Our Scientific Frontier.= With Sketch-Map and Appendix. Demy 8vo.
6s.

=Euphrates Valley Route=, in connection with the Central Asian and
Egyptian Questions. Lecture delivered at the National Club, 16th
June 1882. Roy. 8vo., with 2 Maps. 5s.

=Through Booking of Goods between the Interior of India and the
United Kingdom.= Demy 8vo. 2s.

=Indian Railways as Connected with the British Empire in the East.=
Fourth Edition. With Map and Appendix. Demy 8vo. 10s. 6d.

_ANGELL, H. C., M.D._

=The Sight, and How to Preserve it.= With Numerous Illustrations.
Fifth Thousand. Fcap. 8vo. 1s. 6d.

_ANSTED, Professor DAVID THOMAS, M.A., F.R.S., &c._

=Physical Geography.= Fifth Edition. With Illustrative Maps. Post
8vo. 7s.

=Elements of Physiography.= For the Use of Science Schools. Fcap.
8vo. 1s. 4d.

=The World We Live In.= Or, First Lessons in Physical Geography.
For the use of Schools and Students. Twenty-fifth Thousand, with
Illustrations. Fcap. 8vo. 2s.

=The Earth’s History.= Or, First Lessons in Geology. For the use of
Schools and Students. Third Thousand. Fcap. 8vo. 2s.

=Two Thousand Examination Questions= in Physical Geography. pp.
180. Fcap. 8vo. 2s.

=Water, and Water Supply.= Chiefly with reference to the British
Islands. Part I.--Surface Waters. With Maps. Demy 8vo. 18s.

=The Applications of Geology to the Arts and Manufactures.=
Illustrated. Fcap. 8vo., cloth. 4s.

=Antiquity and Genuineness of the Gospels.= With some Prefatory
Remarks on the Remoter Sources of Unbelief. Cr. 8vo. 2s.

_AQUARIUS._

=Books on Games at Cards.= Piquet and Cribbage--Games at
Cards for Three Players--Tarocco--Familiar Round Games at
Cards--Norseman--New Games with Cards and Dice--Écarté. Cr. 16mo.
1s. each.

_ARCHER, Capt. J. H. LAWRENCE, Bengal H. P._

=Commentaries on the Punjaub Campaign--1848-49=, including some
additions to the History of the Second Sikh War, from original
sources. Cr. 8vo. 8s.

_ARMSTRONG, ANNIE E._

=Ethel’s Journey to Strange Lands in Search of Her Doll.= With
Illustrations by Chas. Whymper. Cr. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

=Army and Navy Calendar for the Financial Year 1884-85.= Being
a Compendium of General Information relating to the Army, Navy,
Militia, and Volunteers, and containing Maps, Plans, Tabulated
Statements, Abstracts, &c. Compiled from authentic sources. Published
Annually. Demy 8vo. 2s. 6d.

=Army and Navy Magazine.= Vols. I. to XI. are issued. Demy 8vo. 7s.
6d. each. Monthly, 1s.

_AYNSLEY, Mrs. J. C. MURRAY._

=Our Visit to Hindustan, Kashmir, and Ladakh.= 8vo. 14s.

_BAILDON, SAMUEL, Author of “Tea in Assam.”_

=The Tea Industry in India.= A Review of Finance and Labour, and a
Guide for Capitalists and Assistants. Demy 8vo. 10s. 6d.

_BAINES, WILHELMINA._

=Lays from Legends, and other Poems.= Fcap. 5s.

_BARNARD, H._

=Oral Training Lessons in Natural Science and General Knowledge=:
Embracing the subjects of Astronomy, Anatomy, Physiology,
Chemistry, Mathematics and Geography. Cr. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

_BATE, J. D., M.R.A.S._

=An Examination of the Claims of Ishmael as viewed by Muhammadans.=
(Being the first chapter of Section I. of “Studies in Islam.”) Demy
8vo. 12s.

_BAYLEY, Sir EDWARD CLIVE, K.C.S.I._

=The Local Muhammadan Dynasties.= GUJARAT. Forming a Sequel to Sir
H. M. Elliot’s “History of the Muhammadan Empire of India.” Demy
8vo. 21s.

_BAYLISS, WYKE._

=The Higher Life in Art=: with a Chapter on Hobgoblins, by the
Great Masters. Illustrated. Cr. 8vo. 6s.

=Belgium of the East, The.= By the Author of “Egypt under Ismail
Pasha,” “Egypt for the Egyptians,” &c. Cr. 8vo. 6s.

_BELLEW, Captain._

=Memoirs of a Griffin=; or, A Cadet’s First Year in India.
Illustrated from Designs by the Author. A New Edition. Cr. 8vo.
10s. 6d.

_BENTON, SAMUEL, L.R.C.P., &c._

=Home Nursing, and How to Help in Cases of Accident.= Illustrated
with 19 Woodcuts. Cr. 8vo. 2s. 6d.

_BERDMORE, SEPTIMUS (NIMSHIVICH)._

=A Scratch Team of Essays never before put together.= Reprinted
from the “Quarterly” and “Westminster” Reviews. The Kitchen and the
Cellar--Thackeray--Russia--Carriages, Roads, and Coaches. Cr. 8vo.
7s. 6d.

_BLACK, Rev. CHARLES INGRAM, M.A., Vicar of Burley in Wharfedale,
near Leeds._

=The Proselytes of Ishmael.= Being a short Historical Survey of
the Turanian Tribes in their Western Migrations. With Notes and
Appendices. Second Edition. Cr. 8vo. 6s.

_BLANCHARD, SIDNEY LAMAN._

=Yesterday and To-day in India.= Post 8vo. 6s.

_BLENKINSOPP, Rev. E. L., M.A., Rector of Springthorpe._

=Doctrine of Development in the Bible and in the Church.= Second
Edition. Cr. 8vo. 6s.

_BOILEAU, Major-General J. T._

A New and Complete Set of Traverse Tables, showing the Differences
of Latitude and the Departures to every Minute of the Quadrant and
to Five Places of Decimals. Together with a Table of the Lengths of
each Degree of Latitude and corresponding Degree of Longitude from
the Equator to the Poles; with other Tables useful to the Surveyor
and Engineer. Fourth Edition, thoroughly revised and corrected by
the Author. 1876. Roy. 8vo. 12s.

_BOULGER, DEMETRIUS CHARLES, M.R.A.S._

=History of China.= Demy 8vo. Vol. I., with Portrait, 18s. Vol.
II., 18s. Vol. III., with Portraits and Map, 28s.

=England and Russia in Central Asia.= With Appendices and Two Maps,
one being the latest Russian Official Map of Central Asia. 2 vols.
Demy 8vo. 36s.

=Central Asian Portraits=; or, The Celebrities of the Khanates and
the Neighbouring States. Cr. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

=The Life of Yakoob Beg=, Athalik Ghazi and Badaulet, Ameer of
Kashgar. With Map and Appendix. Demy 8vo. 16s.

_BOWLES, THOMAS GIBSON, Master Mariner._

=Flotsam and Jetsam.= A Yachtsman’s Experiences at Sea and Ashore.
Cr. 8vo. 7s. 6d.

_BOYD, R. NELSON, F.R.G.S., F.G.S., &c._

=Chili and the Chilians=, during the War 1879-80. Cloth,
Illustrated. Cr. 8vo. 10s. 6d.

=Coal Mines Inspection=: Its History and Results. Demy 8vo. 14s.

_BRADSHAW, JOHN, LL.D., Inspector of Schools, Madras._

=The Poetical Works of John Milton=, with Notes, explanatory and
philological. 2 vols., Post 8vo. 12s. 6d.

_BRAITHWAITE, R., M.D., F.L.S., &c._

=The Sphagnaceæ=, or Peat Mosses of Europe and North America.
Illustrated with 29 Plates, coloured by hand. Imp. 8vo. 25s.

_BRANDE, Professor, D.C.L., F.R.S., &c., and Professor, A. S. TAYLOR,
M.D., F.R.S., &c._