Chapter XXV: Home to Trelleborg

In the morning of the memorable 6th of November I left Metz by the train for Saarbrücken, the town where the first shots were fired in the last Franco-German war. I had some time to spare, and settled down at a table in the restaurant of the _Terminus Hotel_ to read some really recent newspapers. Life seemed to go on here just as usual, and one noticed nothing of the war. The regular customers came in for their _Frühschoppen_ (early mug of beer) as they always do, and here and there an officer or a civilian was breakfasting.

At Ludwigshafen a conductor came along and shouted into every compartment of the train that the windows were to be kept shut, and that nobody must lean out whilst passing over the Rhine bridge. It was pleasant to see the alacrity with which his order was obeyed--after all one had plenty of time to contemplate the great and mighty river between that town and Mannheim. Just as the train was starting, this same conductor jumped into my compartment. Aha, I thought, he thinks my shabby field clothes look suspicious in a first-class compartment, and he sees that I am busy with map, note-book and pencil. However, I met him half-way in my frankest manner, and asked whether the window-closing order was a precaution against bomb attacks on the bridge. He smiled and answered that the orders were that the windows were to be shut. Then I asked what the consequence would be if one disobeyed the order, opened the window and looked out. “In that case,” he said, “there are sentries outside who would note the compartment and the window, and the end would be that the guilty party would land in a place where he would find no windows at all.”

At Mannheim nothing happened. But at Heidelberg I had hardly stepped on to the platform before two officers came up to me. One said in firm but very polite tones that I must accompany him to the District Commandant’s office. “Of course,” I said, “I shall be delighted, but I hope you will be kind enough to let me bring my hand luggage.” “Why certainly,” was the answer. On the way to the office, which happened to be close to the platform, the officer remarked: “Your passport must be examined by the military authorities.” “Why can’t you look at it at once?” I asked, and handed him my pass, now soiled and frayed at the edges. “Well, perhaps I might do so,” he answered, and we stopped. He read the paper with General von Moltke’s name, turned to his companion and whispered my name in his ear, whereupon both saluted and held out their hands, which I pressed almost as heartily as I laughed at the little adventure.

“_Aber Herr Doktor, sie müssen uns doch entschuldigen, wir ..._” (“Really, doctor, you must excuse us, we ...”)

“_Bitte, bitte, das ist ja reizend._” (“But please don’t mention it, I am delighted.”) Thereupon my German eagles also broke into hearty laughter over their prey.

“Your train does not leave for an hour. In place of the examination at the office, won’t you come and drink a glass of beer with us at the buffet?”

“Why, of course, I shall be most happy!” And so the time passed all too quickly, and we got a lot of fun out of the little adventure--an adventure which I might have repeated at every station, had I liked to do so. But it would not do, war is too serious a matter for jest. My new friends told me that the conductor had found me very suspicious-looking, especially on account of my maps and note-book, and had telephoned from Mannheim. At Heidelberg he had conducted the officers to my compartment. I assured them that I could find no words to express the admiration which I felt for the alertness and vigilance which pervaded the whole of Germany from frontier to frontier--it seemed like clockwork where every cog drops into its place with automatic precision, and where the hours strike their solemn strokes to the fraction of a second. When it was time to part they saw me into my carriage, and as the train moved out they gave me a final friendly salute and bade me God-speed.[41]

[41] This little episode, which seemed as harmless as it was amusing to us three “conspirators” whilst we discussed it over our mugs of beer, found its way into the German press, and was received with much mirth. In the French press it appeared under a different guise. Thus, for instance, the _Journal des Débats_, in a telegram from Bordeaux, dated November 22nd, publishes the following:--

“_Un télégramme de Bâle dit qu’en quittant l’Allemagne, Sven Hedin l’explorateur suédois bien connu, a été arrêté et retenu quelque temps à Heidelberg comme suspect d’espionnage._”

The “Figaro” has quite a little article under the heading of “_Vieil Heidelberg_.” Other headings are as follows:--

“_Le germanophile arrêté pour espionnage._--_Ils arrêtent leur meilleur ami!_--_Arrestation de M. Sven Hedin._--_Arrêté comme espion._--_Les allemands soupçonnent leurs meilleurs amis_,” and so on _ad infinitum_. An English newspaper, the _Newcastle Chronicle_, of November 24th, managed to improve on these versions: “The adventure at Heidelberg of Sven Hedin, the Swedish explorer now in the pay of the German Official Press Bureau, appears to have been amusing. He delivered a lecture in public at the ancient cradle of German culture, and knowing him to be a foreigner, the Heidelberg police regarded his intense enthusiasm for the greatness of Germany as suspicious. He was accordingly arrested, and detained for several days until his employers of the Press Bureau could be communicated with and establish that he was not a spy. Perhaps this little experience may cool Sven Hedin’s ardour. In any case, why was he lecturing in Heidelberg? His services in Holland or Italy, the United States, or any other neutral country requiring enlightenment would seem natural and appropriate, but surely Heidelberg needs no lessons in pan-germanism.”

The surprising thing about the English description is not its wealth of detail given with the same readiness as when it is a question of great and serious matters, such as, for instance, Hindenburg’s continuous defeats, the uninterrupted German retreat from Flanders, the funeral of the German Crown Prince, which takes place on an average of about once a month, etc. No, the really surprising thing in this article is that the newspaper would find it natural and suitable if I were to plead Germany’s cause in _neutral_ countries, such as Holland, Italy or the United States. _A bon entendeur, salut!_

At Karlsruhe, on the following day, I waited on the noble and high-minded mother of our Queen, the Dowager Grand Duchess Luise, as well as on the Grand Duke and his Consort. I was only due to leave for Berlin by the night train, and was therefore very glad to be able to accept the Grand Duchess Luise’s most gracious proposal that I should inspect the gigantic and ideally equipped hospital in the _Gewerbeschule_ under her Royal Highness’s own august guidance. I met there two distinguished head nurses, the wife of General von Oetinger and Frau Sautier, also Fru Linder from Stockholm who was here to study hospital arrangements in the field and who had met with the greatest hospitality in Karlsruhe.

It was most touching to see the Grand Duchess, in spite of her seventy-six years, walk from bed to bed, from ward to ward, encouraging soldiers and speaking to them in a way that went straight to the heart. In her black dress and her black lace veil over her head, she looked like a pious abbess giving comfort and solace to the wounded warriors, and indeed she made a most welcome break in their long weary hours of suffering. Behind our Queen’s mother came several nurses carrying armfuls of flowers and little packets of portraits of the Grand-Ducal pair. Before leaving, this guardian angel of the wounded graciously handed a packet and a picture to each soldier as a souvenir of her visit.

The most delightful part of my visit was the witnessing of the homage paid by the convalescent soldiers to the venerable and beloved lady, as they stood assembled in the great hall of the hospital. When the Grand Duchess came out, they spontaneously broke into the stirring and moving tones of the great German National Hymn here given in translation:--

(Tune: “Praise the Lord, ye heavens adore Him.”)

Germany, be thou exalted
Over every other land,
If but in the hour of peril,
True thy sons together stand
From the Meuse unto the Niemen,
From Adige to Baltic strand,
Germany, be thou exalted
Over every other land!

German women, German faith, and
German wine and German song
Shall their ancient fame and glory
Still retain through ages long,
And to noble deeds inspire us
All our path through life along--
German women, German faith, and
German wine and German song!

Unity and right and freedom
For our German fatherland--
This let us together strive for,
Brothers all, with heart and hand!--
Unity and right and freedom--
Pledges of a blessed land--
In the glory of such blessing
Flourish, German Fatherland!

“Thank you, thank you, God bless you all,” said the Grand Duchess, and disappeared as unpretentiously as she had come.

In Berlin I looked up several old friends and also had the honour and pleasure to be invited to supper with the pretty, charming and altogether delightful Crown Princess. In the evening we sat round an open, flaming hearth, and I recounted my recollections from the front and from the desert, whilst my illustrious hostess and her ladies-in-waiting were listening and knitting socks for the brave soldiers in the trenches. The Crown Princess had another guest whom it was a great pleasure to me to meet again--Baron von Maltzahn, who now, after his unlucky motor drive, had recovered sufficiently to hop about on crutches.

The streets of Berlin looked the same as they had done two months previously. Men and women, motor-cars and ’buses moved about as busily as they had done before, and the streets were flooded with electric light all night just as in piping times of peace. At the appointed hour the Palace Guard came marching along _Unter den Linden_ as it has always done, with its alluring, rapturous military music calling to fresh deeds of valour. Had one not known it, one could not possibly have guessed, but for the shouting of the newsboys, that the country was involved in the most gigantic war of all time. Neither did I notice any thinning of the numbers of able-bodied men in the streets, and yet had I not seen through the carriage window from Metz armies of recruits, reservists and volunteers all drilling in barrack squares and fields along the line?

It has been stated in certain newspapers that the Germans treated their prisoners of war in a cruel and inhuman manner. That this was untrue like everything else which forms part of the educational campaign, I readily understood, but all the same I thought it would be interesting to find out for myself the facts of the case. Accordingly I paid a visit to the acting General Staff. Not only did they give me the usual prompt permission to go out to the prisoners’ camp at Döberitz, but I was given as guide a most capable and learned major.

At the entrance to the camp we were received by a colonel and several other officers, who took us round and explained everything. Here were four thousand Russians, four thousand British and a few hundred French, Belgians and Turcos--I am sorry to say there were no other specimens from the ethnological colour-box at Döberitz. The prisoners live in gigantic tents where they have their beds close together on the ground in four enormous rows. I went into one of the tents and found a group of Russians with caps on the back of their heads and coats or blankets over their shoulders, and asked if they were satisfied with the treatment they received. “Oh yes, nitchevo,” was the answer. But one of them shouted, “It is too cold to lie on the ground in late autumn.” “Yes,” I answered, “of course it was warmer in the firing lines in Poland. How would you like to go back and warm yourselves a bit?” “No, Heaven preserve us!” came as a chorus on every side.

My old friend Tommy Atkins was strolling about inside the barbed-wire fence and looked and felt very bored. But he was not ill-treated, on the contrary, he was very well looked after. I saw him at dinner with his ally Ivan Ivanovitch. The 8500 prisoners were fed in three-quarters of an hour, and the whole thing was despatched with the utmost smoothness. In front of the kitchen building, in which gigantic caldrons were steaming, railings had been put up, permitting the men to advance in files of eight to the window opening, through which the mess cooks with the adroitness, touch and quickness of a virtuoso filled to the brim the bowls held out to them with wholesome, nourishing, steaming soup. When their bowls had been filled, the men went back another way so as to avoid congestion. The system is the same as at the booking offices at busy railway stations.

The British soldier is, under _normal_ conditions, a sinewy and well-knit man, who has hardened and trained his body with football, tennis, cricket and other salutary exercises. But in Germany he merely vegetates and swells in bulk and by no means over-exerts himself over the work offered him in confinement, by which he can earn a couple of _pfennigs_ a day for tobacco. If therefore on his return home Tommy tries to make out that he has been living “below starvation mark” in Germany, his comfortably rounded form and his _eloquencia corporis_ will give him the lie!

It is surprising and peculiar to see Tommy Atkins and Ivan Ivanovitch arm-in-arm--figuratively speaking, of course! For in the concentration camps they hate one another heartily. Tommy regards Ivan as a lousy savage and Ivan looks on Tommy as an impudent upstart whom the modest patron of the _samovar_ ought not to associate with. And yet, for all practical purposes, they march arm-in-arm and use all the most hellish infernal machines of modern militarism to destroy the German militarism and free the earth from the Germanic barbarians. Great Britain and Russia! It really staggers the imagination when one thinks that these two countries have neither in Europe nor in Asia, in heaven nor on earth, _a single positive interest_ in common.

We need only think of India, the most precious jewel in Great Britain’s crown. Of the possibility of a Russian invasion of India Lord Curzon, the greatest and most clear-sighted Viceroy India has ever had, has given utterance to the following: “It would involve the most terrible and lingering war that the world has ever seen; and it could only be effected by a loss, most unlikely to occur, and more serious in its effects upon the human race than that of India itself, namely, the loss of the fibre of the British people.” Elsewhere, when saying that India’s safety is Great Britain’s foremost duty, he speaks as follows of a Russian attack on that country: “It can only be prosecuted in the teeth of international morality, in defiance of civilised opinion and with the ultimate certainty of a war with this country that would ring from pole to pole.”

The _Novoye Vremya_ writes at about the same time (1st December, 1888): “Our attention has been focussed on the necessity of bringing Khorasan under Russia’s exclusive influence, the more so as through Khorasan runs a convenient road in the direction of Herat and in case of military operations against India, Khorasan would therefore serve as a base of supply for our further operations.” Then we have Skobeleff’s and Kuropatkin’s very detailed and minute plans for an invasion of India.[42]

[42] Curzon: “Russia in Central Asia,” 1889, and “Persia and the Persian Question,” 1892, Vol. II.

Many years have elapsed since Lord Curzon thoroughly and exhaustively, as usual, dealt with this question. But is there anyone who believes that the danger is less serious now that the Russians have been checked in the Far East by the Japanese and in the Far West by Germany and Austria-Hungary? It is true that there is one other outlet in the west--a truth which the _Swedes_ should bear in mind. But nevertheless the danger to India is far greater now than it was twenty-five years ago.

It is therefore not a little peculiar to see Tommy Atkins helping Ivan Ivanovitch with blood and iron, on land and sea, to gain that power and strength which he needs for carrying out an invasion of India. For England this world war is a national calamity, however it may end. “We have forty million reasons for failure but not a single excuse.”

We also visited the hospital at Döberitz, where the prisoners receive all the care that human charity can give to the sick. It is not charity alone that demands the greatest sacrifices in this respect, for a concentration camp where thousands of men live huddled together on one spot _may_ become a source of contagion, if ill-managed. Hence skilled doctors, sick attendants and nurses are engaged, and the slightest symptom is immediately followed by isolation to prevent the possibility of an epidemic.

In one of the paths I came across a Tommy walking up and down. He looked very pale, but was convalescent.

“How are you getting on?” said I, but received no reply.

“I hope you will soon become a little bit of all right by and by,” I tried once more in my very best colloquial English. Tommy only smiled and looked at me.

“Is he deaf or is he mad?” I asked the doctor who accompanied us.

“No, he is Russian,” answered the doctor, laughing. But how this Russian had got into Tommy’s uniform remains an unsolved riddle.

It is a rather significant fact that whilst the good-natured Russians need only four per cent of guards, the self-conscious English require ten per cent; in other words, four German soldiers look after a hundred Russians, whilst a hundred English need ten guardians. The reason may possibly be found in the inborn servility traceable to generations of serfdom, but the principal reason of the difficulty in handling the English prisoners is probably that they have no national service and have not accustomed themselves to discipline. The cases of insubordination in the prisoners’ camps are almost entirely confined to the British prisoners. The punishment for the first offence consisted in letting the culprit stand a couple of hours to guard the guns on a little flat eminence near the camp, where the wind usually blew cold and strong. After a graver offence the delinquent was usually tied to a tree for an hour or two, but this latter punishment had only been resorted to in isolated cases.

My impression of the treatment of prisoners at Döberitz confirmed all that I had witnessed in this connection at the seat of war. But the world _will_ be deceived and is deceived. Hence the educators of the British nation spread broadcast the meanest calumnies concerning the “Huns’ barbarity” to their unhappy prisoners.

The magnificent drawing-room inside the hall of the _Hotel Kaiserhof_ usually formed the rendezvous of a little Swedish colony in the evening. Here I met Cavalry Captain Count Gilbert Hamilton, who had become a German subject and officer in order to strike a blow in the Germanic fight for existence. He was just on his way to his regiment and was looking forward to a very different reveille from that he was accustomed to at our own sleepy horse-guards barracks at home in Stockholm. Here also I met once more my old friend Colonel Gustaf Bouveng, who had spent two and a half months at the front and who, among innumerable other impressions, was also taking home with him the conviction that in a military sense Germany simply _cannot_ be defeated by her present opponents. Instead of tiring and becoming decimated, the German army grows in strength and numbers from month to month.

On the 12th of November I took my departure from the _Stettiner Bahnhof_ and set out on my journey home to Sweden. As I reached Sassnitz, dusk was descending over the Baltic. The passports and effects of the passengers were subjected to a most careful scrutiny. The same calm, the same sure self-possession, the same discipline and order as I had noticed everywhere in Germany and in the firing lines, made themselves felt here, too, on the outermost planks of the harbour pier. At Sassnitz fourteen torpedo-boats lay ready for immediate action, and in the roads a gigantic hospital ship was riding at anchor, ready to receive wounded from the sea.

The ferry cast off her moorings. Little by little in the gathering gloom we lose sight of land, that land whose seconds are as long as years, whose people is now writing its _epos_ in runes of blood on the pages of the world’s history--a united people, a virile people, a people which stood ready in its hour of trial, armed for the defence of its honour, its liberty and its future when the ravenous monster of strife rose up upon its frontiers, a people which has the _will_ to win and which therefore in the time to come will march at the head of the ruling race upon our earth.

But the belt of sea between the ferry and the German coast grows wider. The song “_Lieb Vaterland, magst ruhig sein_” has long since died away. The twilight, the transition between day and night, is over. And in the north bides the deep impenetrable darkness.

INDEX

_Aboukir_, loss of H.M.S., 113

Abstinence from wine, 147

Adlercreutz, Major, 12

Ahrenberg, Duchess of, 208

Aire, the, 93

Aisne, the, 93
retreat of the Germans to, 152

Alaska, 22

Albert, King of the Belgians, 307

Aleppo, 214

Alers, Colonel von, 367

Algermissen, Dr., at Ostend, 278, 279

Algiers, 340

Allies, the, their use of foreign troops, 17, 163, 187, 250, 352-355

All Souls’ Day at Bapaume, 332-347

Almanach de Gotha, the, 27

Alost, 263

Alsace, French claim on, 29, 32

Alt, 36

Altefähr, 4

Altkirch, 186

America, its relations with Japan, 350

American Ambassador in Paris, 307

America, village, 358

Ancerviller, 373

Angers, 33

Anklam, 5

Antwerp, author visits, 216-228, 235-262, 297
forts of, 297, 298
hospital in, 257
neutral consulates in, 255
port of, 224-228, 237
siege of, 204, 213-219, 231 note, 253-255, 270, 295
supposed British ambitions for, 270
Zoological Gardens, 252

Apolda, the, 25

Archer, William, reviews the author’s work, v-vii

Ardenne Canal, the, 145, 146

Argentine Consul in Antwerp, 256, 259

Argonne, the, fighting in, 85, 92, 93, 188, 318, 327

_Ariadne_, sinking of the, 268-270

Arlon, 127, 128

Armentières, author visits, 309, 311

Arnim, Prince, in Luxemburg, 51

Arnoldi, Dr., Acting Chief of the Automobile Corps, 14, 16, 17

Arras, fighting at, 310, 318

Arrhenius, Professor Svante, 205

Artois, 348, 351

Asquith, Rt. Hon. H. H., at the Guildhall, 354

Attigny, hospital at, 156

Augustovo, 318

Australian troops, the, 250, 354

Austria-Hungary checks Russia, 384
its army, 187

Austrian artillery in Belgium, 236, 295, 313

Automobile Corps, Imperial Volunteer, constitution of, 14-16, 48, 55

Autry, 149, 166

Auxerre, 89

_Aventi_, s.s., 285

Aye, 204

Bach’s _Passion_, 335

Baedeker on Belgium, 248, 265, 281

Bagdad Railway, the, 56

Bailer, General, in Brussels, 243, 244
in Antwerp, 245, 252, 258, 297

Balakhani, the, 294

Baltic Sea, the, 4

Banér, Field-Marshal Johan, 27

Bantheville, 75

Bapaume, author visits, 296-309, 315-319, 332-342, 361-367

_Bapaumer Zeitung am Mittag_, 317-319

Barbas, 374-377

Bar-le-Duc, 89

Bavaria, Rupprecht, Crown Prince of, 344

Bavarian Army, the, warlike spirit of, 47
Landsturm, the, 333, 343

Beaumont, 146

Beelitz, 19

Beethoven, 250

Behr, Captain von, author accompanies, 150, 158, 169, 171, 189, 196
Count-Marshal von, attends the Crown Prince, 61, 62, 103, 104

Belfort, 186

Belgian Army, the, 354
brings loss upon itself, 207, 208, 220, 260
defends Antwerp, 217, 222, 227, 231 note, 251, 254, 271
German tributes to, 234, 260
its wireless stations, 128
uniforms of, 237

Belgian Cabinet leaves Ostend, 285
coast bombarded by the British Navy, 265-283
dogs, 261, 263
hospitals at Malines, 241
hospitals at Ostend, 289
Luxemburg, 125-129
police in Antwerp, 235, 251
prisoners of war, 33, 234, 284
railwaymen, 204
refugees, 225
refugees from Antwerp, 237, 246, 251, 254, 257, 260, 285
refugees in Ostend, 284

Belgium, author’s compassion for, 209, 258, 261
England’s policy with regard to, 247, 270, 284, 355

Belle Alliance, La, 211

Bellevue, Sedan, 136, 137

Bellman, poet, 308

Benares, 62, 353

Benckendorff, Count, his Tibetan policy, 248

Benedetti, Ambassador of the French, 34

Benz and Co., 307

Berchem, 224, 254

Bergen-op-Zoom, 254, 259

Bergues, 368

Berlin, author’s visits to, 6-19, 45, 53, 381
Geological Society, 295
Russian advance on, 284, 303
triumphal entry into, 192
University, 233

Bernhard, Captain, 88

Bernhard, Major-General, questions prisoners, 89

Bernhardi, General, xvi

Bertrix, 128-130, 201

Beseler, General von, 295

Bess, Captain, at Ostend, 268, 271, 275, 277, 281, 286, 288, 293
on the _Ariadne_, 268-270

Betz, Lieut.-Col., at Dun, 104, 111

Bible, author’s quotations from the, 193, 261

_Bierabend_, author enjoys a, 231

Bikanir, 62

Bildt, General, 306

Billeting, German methods of, 37

Birkenfeld, 172

Bismarck, Count, at Donchery, 137-139
tower, Apolda, 25

Bitterfeld, 22

Black Sea, Turkish fleet in the, 344

Blamont, author visits, 370, 373

Blankenberghe, author visits, 288

Bleichröder, Baron, in Sedan, 186

Blériot aeroplanes in use, 179

Blois, 110

Blücher, General, English debt to, 211, 212

Boer War, the, 356

Böhlau, Lieut.-Col., 196

Boiry, 310, 319, 330

Bois de Cheppy, 94

Bombay, author in, 214

Bordeaux, 64, 171, 172, 380

Börjeson, Rev., in Antwerp, 259

Bouchain, 300

Bouillon, 131

Boureuilles, 93, 94

Bournemouth, 284

Boussu, 300

Bouveng, Colonel Gustaf, 12, 386

Boy Scouts, motto of, 258

Braine le Comte, 299

Brandenburg, 5

Breitenfeld, 22

Breslau, 70, 200

Brialmont, General, fortifications of, 245

Briey, 370

Brighton, 284

British Army aviators over Ostend, 287
bombards Ostend, 263
foreign troops in, 17, 163, 187, 250, 352-355
in Antwerp, 217, 225, 227, 231 note, 251, 271
its artillery, 314, 359
personal courage of, 36, 360

British Navy bombards the Belgian coast, 265-284, 286-288
sinks the _Ariadne_, 268-270

Bruges, 285
author in, 264
Germans in, 243, 263

Brussels, author in, 210-216, 230-233, 238, 242-244, 263, 295
refugees from, 284, 288
under the Germans, 243

Bürger, Lieutenant, 176

Busch, Herr von, Minister in Luxemburg, 123

Calais, German advance on, 271

Calcutta, 352

Cambrai, author visits, 300, 310, 368

Cameroons, the, 79

Canadian troops, 250, 354

Cappellen, 260

Carignan, 201, 368

Cernay, 146, 165, 199

Challerange, 165

Chamier-Glisczinski, Captain von, at Vouziers, 173, 181

Champion, Convent of, 209

Charlemagne, Emperor, 51

Charles V., Emperor, 10, 249

Charles XII. of Sweden, vi, 96, 146, 168

Charleville, 125

Château-Salins, 372

Chauvency, 60, 117

Cheppy, 93, 94

Churchill, Winston, in Antwerp, 254, 270

Ciney, 204

Clairvaux, Bernard de, 334

Classen, Lieutenant, 219

Cleving, Herr, at Bapaume, 307, 315, 317, 335, 341, 361

Coal-mines, Belgian, 299

Coblenz, 34

Colmar, 278

Cologne, 117, 150

Colombo, 214

Condé, 149, 165

Constantinople, 91
Turks capture, 120

Cossart, Maître Emile, 302-305, 344, 367

Cousteumont, 127

Cramb, Professor, xvi

_Cressy_, loss of H.M.S., 113

Croisilles, 310

Crombez, M., 121

Cronstedt, Count, 173

Crown Prince, the German, 380 note
as an author, 78
at Dun, 112
author’s visits to, 46, 55, 61-64, 76, 80, 103, 104, 113, 114
on war, 63
visits the author, 78

Crown Princess, German, entertains the author, 382

Cunel, 74

Curzon, Earl, as Viceroy, 242, 248
his hope, 352

Dagobert, King, 29

Dahlgren, janitor, 248

_Daily Telegraph_, v

Dannevoux, 69

_Danzig_, cruiser, 269

Darmstadt, 132

Deffner, chauffeur, 19

Dellmensingen, General Krafft von, at Douai, 346

Demain, 300

Dendre, the, 263

Desserrey, Madame, and family, 76, 77, 115

Détaille, artist, 63, 159

_Deutschland in Waffen_, 78

Diaries, soldiers’, 90, 376

Dinant, 60, 207
destruction of, 244

Dixmude, 297

Döberitz, 309
author visits, 382-386

Donchery, 137

Donck, 260

Dorpfeld, 297

Douai, author visits, 310, 344-348

Douchy, 300, 333

Dreger, Captain, in Brussels, 214, 231
in Antwerp, 235

Dresden, 186

Dryhoek, 260

Duffel, 218, 298

Dug-outs, German, 75, 175, 180, 199, 322

Dun, author’s day at, 104-116
Germans in, 61, 66, 75, 81

Dunkerque, 265, 271, 275, 284

Düsseldorf, 335

Eastbourne, 284

Eastern front, length of the, 186

East Prussia, German victories in, 200

Eckeren, 260

Eclisfontaine, the author visits, 80-103

Eclo, 264

Eichstedt, Count von, at Vouziers, 158, 161, 169, 196

Eiffel, 172

Eisenach, 27

Eiserne Hand, the, 30

Eitel Friedrich, Prince, at the front, 326

Elbe, the, 20

Elert, Major, 245, 258

Elizabeth Sisters, the, 189

Eller, 35

Ems, the author at, 31-34

Engineers, their work in the Argonne, 188

England, author’s sorrow for, vi, 192
German hatred of, vi, 24, 29, 159, 360
her army and navy. _See_ British
her care for the Belgian refugees, 225, 247, 284
her newspaper press, xv, 17, 31, 55, 354, 380 note, 386
her relations with Russia, 248, 383-385
her rule in India, 352, 384
her supposed hatred of Germany, vi, 187, 270, 344
her supposed hysteria, 271
policy of, vi, 210, 212, 213, 230, 270, 284, 355

English prisoners of war, 33, 47
at Antwerp, 257
at Döberitz, 382-386
at Kruiseik, 359-361
at Namur, 210
at Roubaix, 348-351, 358

Eppeghem, 234

Erfurt, 27

Esschem, 254

Essen, Elizabeth sisters of, 189

Faidherbe, statue of, 317, 340, 341

Falkenhausen army, the, 371, 372

Falkenhayn, Lieut.-Gen. von, 168
at Douai, 346
in Brussels, 232
in Luxemburg, 48

Fifth Army, the German, 57, 60, 61, 64, 74, 75, 113, 188

_Figaro, Le_, 380 note

Finnish armies, 29

Fischer, Colonel, at the front, 175, 178

Flanders, Anglo-Belgian Army in, 271
Counts of, 264

Flushing, 252

Fock. _See_ Wilamovitz

Folkestone, 284

Forrières, 203

Fournaise, Madame, 138

Fourth Army, German, author follows, 145-181
its lines of communication, 140-144

Franco-Prussian War, 1870, Germany’s development after, 10, 34
incidents of, 136-139, 215, 302, 340, 378

_Franctireurs_, at Louvain, 240
German treatment of, 56-59, 75, 135, 169, 202, 203, 208

Frankfurt-on-Main, 29, 135

French Army, artillery, 70-74, 86, 167, 177, 189
aviation service, 36, 70, 148, 162, 165-167, 173, 179, 181, 312,
316, 328, 330, 343, 359, 363-366
constitution of, 17
foreign troops in, 17, 163, 187, 250, 343
German tributes to, 24, 65, 111, 178, 198, 303, 327
its mobilisation, 120
its use of wooded country, 58, 188
its vigilance and spy system, 321, 325, 327-330
Medical Service, 157, 158
respects the Red Cross, 180
uniform of, 41

French people, the author’s affection for, and sympathy with, 139,
184, 192
their hatred of Germany, 187
the Kaiser’s sympathy and respect for, 53, 54
under the German occupation, 183-186

French prisoners of war, author visits, 70, 98, 109, 111, 150, 171,
187
author visits the wounded, 31-33, 35, 38-41, 89-91, 101, 133
construct a railway, 60
in Belgium, 295, 302, 366
in Germany, 47
their dejection, 89, 110, 112, 117, 288
their diaries, 90

Fretzdorff, Colonel, at Dun, 111

Friederich, Major Hans, 205, 210 Major-General, in Ghent, 264

Fröhlich, Dr., author travels with, 200-202

Fuchs, Lieutenant, 196, 198

Fulda, 28

Funerals, German military, 31

Furnes, 275

Gambetta, General, 340

Geibel, Emanuel, quoted, 79

Gelnhausen, 28

Gembloux, 211

Geneva conventions, 158

Gerhard, Paul, 335

German Army, aerial service, 44, 117, 166, 171, 173, 176, 344, 357,
364-366; _see also_ Taube
admiration of the French, 303
ammunition of, 67, 161, 288
artillery, 71-73, 85-87, 109, 167, 174, 205, 271, 280, 311, 373-375
base hospitals, 115
cavalry corps, 82, 150
chaplains, 192-194, 199, 333, 335, 343, 375
commissariat arrangements, 133, 147, 148, 183, 276
consideration for civilians, 160, 170, 184-186, 208, 246, 255, 329,
330; _see also Franctireurs_
despatch riders, 149
discipline, xv, 170, 195, 223, 367
equipment of, 66
Field Gendarmes, 145
field hospitals and Medical Service, 37-42, 74, 98, 133, 148, 150,
152-158, 162-165, 200, 210, 241, 257, 290-293, 366
Field postal service, 145, 195-198
Field Telegraph Battalion, 17, 59
Field Telephone Service, 72, 84, 174-176, 178
Headquarters at Luxemburg, 14, 45, 48-50, 115
lines of communication, 140-144, 155, 168, 182
loyalty of, 123
methods of observation, 85, 93, 178, 330, 377
mobilisation of, 44, 172
pay-day in, 195
reinforcements, 66, 69, 74, 148, 163, 180
Service Corps, 66
supposed superiority of, 168, 187, 217
systematic organisation of, 17, 21, 111, 136, 140, 157
transport columns, 67, 71, 75, 80, 108, 118, 162

German treatment of prisoners, 31, 348, 382-386
trenches, 75, 177
wounded of, 88, 133, 151-158, 290

German atrocities denied, 11, 17, 55, 56
culture, war on, vii, 191, 231 note, 250, 270, 350
hatred of England, vi, 24, 29
imperturbability, 113, 174, 318
letters from the front, 24, 197
militarism, 355, 360, 383

German Navy, its losses, 268-270
power of the, 50, 53, 78, 242, 386

German Press, honesty of the, 318
prisoners in France, 33 note, 158, 180
railway system, 22, 46, 118, 126, 129, 130, 172, 182, 202

German Red Cross, the, 28, 30, 35, 36
Countess von Moltke works for, 45
its work in Luxemburg, 47, 48, 124
its work on the battlefields, 40, 83, 93, 102, 153, 180
nurses, 203

German schools continue work, 41
social democrats, 30, 376
unity of feeling, 9, 11, 34, 36, 96, 123, 143, 169, 192, 288, 335,
376, 386
victory, confidence of, vi, 34, 36, 79, 95, 96, 114, 192, 239, 242,
270, 289, 309, 373, 386

German South-West Africa, 375

Germany, captures the world’s trade, 257
its preparations for war, 50, 95

Ghent, 285;
author in, 294, 295
fall of, 243, 263
Germans in, 222, 224, 227, 230, 235, 238, 263

Ghistelles, 264, 295

Ghurkas, the, 163, 250, 352

Givet, 60

Gleiwitz, 107

Godfrey the Crusader, 132

Goër, Madame, 316

Goethe, genius of, 26, 250

Goltz, Baron von der, in Brussels, 214-216, 232, 296, 298, 306

Gontard, Lieut.-Gen. von, in Luxemburg, 50, 53, 123

Göppert, Councillor, 348

Gossler, General von, at Dannevoux, 69

_Göteborgs Handels_, 231 note

Gotha, 27

Göttingen, 316

Goumont, Château de, 212

Gräfenhainischen, 22

Grandpré, 149, 166

Graves, soldiers’, 107, 149, 170, 181, 234, 241, 257, 323, 337, 358,
369

Greifswald, 4

Greiner, Hans, 170

Grevenmacher, 44

Gross, Lieut.-Colonel, commands the Field Telegraph Battalion, 17

Grünewald, 335

Grupont, 202

Guadeloupe, 340

Guildhall War Meeting, 354

Gustaf, King of Sweden, 4

Gustavus Adolphus, in Germany, 21, 22, 24, 27, 29, 54, 191

Gwalior, 62

Gwinner, Hans von, acts as chauffeur, 56-61

Gyldén, Professor, 316

Haaf, Captain, 203

Haak, Lieutenant, in Ostend, 268, 277, 283, 286, 287

Haeseler, Count von, at the front, 85, 92, 97, 306

Hague Conventions, the, 158

Hahnke, Lieutenant-Colonel, 45

Hal, 299

Halle, author at, 22-24

Halske and Siemens, Messrs., 242, 299, 376

Hamburg, 292, 351

Hamelincourt, 319, 342

Hamilton, Count Gilbert, 386

Hamipré, 127

Hanau, 28

Hatrival, 202

Havre, Le, 284

Hayek, Professor Hans von, 348

Heidelberg, author in, 378

Heligoland, 268

Helmholtz, 250

Henry of Prussia, Prince, 48

Herat, 384

Heymann, 62

Heyn, Major, in Sedan, 135

Heyst op den Berg, 218

Hildebrand, Professor, 316

Hildesheim, 189

Hindenburg, Field-Marshal von, victories of, 6, 303, 344, 355, 380
note
Lieut. von, 165

Hirschberg, General von, at Namur, 205, 209

Hirson, 368

Hogne, 204

_Hogue_, loss of H.M.S., 113

Hohenlohe, Prince, 144

Hohenzollern, Prince Friedrich of, at the front, 307, 309
race, the, shed their blood for Germany, 124

Hoiningen, Baron von, 243

Holland, Belgian refugees in, 225, 246, 254, 259-261

Hollen, Rittmeister von, 342

Hollweg, Herr von Bethmann, in Luxemburg, 48, 124
visits Antwerp, 245

Hongkong, 214

Houyet, 203

Huisne, the, 122

Hünfeld in Hesse, 28

Hussars, German, 233

Hütten, Lieut. Doctor, visits Antwerp, 219, 221, 233, 235, 252
visits Louvain, 239

Idar, 62

Identification discs, 105, 165

Igel, 44

Ilberg, Dr., in Luxemburg, 51

Ilm, the, 25

Ilse, General, 168

India, Crown Prince in, 62
English rule in, 352-354
Lord Curzon, Viceroy of, 242, 384

Indian prisoners of war, 351
troops, the, 39, 351-354

Iron Crosses, the, 42, 326, 358
awarded to Lt.-Col. Schaubode, 258
bestowed by the Crown Prince, 61, 62, 80
chaplains earn, 193
shape used as tombstone, 107

Isolani, in Germany, 24

Ivangorod, 318

Jade Bight, 268

Jagow, Herr von, Foreign Minister, at Headquarters, 14, 48

Jakobson, Captain, 294

Japan, its relations with Russia, 248, 350, 384

Japanese occupy Tsingtau, 160

Jemelle, 201, 203

Jesuits at Vouziers, 187

Joachim, Prince, is wounded, 123

Joan of Arc, statue of, 311, 333, 348
statuette of, 106

Joffre, General, German admiration of, 303

Johannes, Lieutenant, 181

_Journal des Débats_, 380 note

Jung, General, 295

Jüterbog, 302

Kabylia, 340

Kamerun, 363

Kapellen, 136

Karlsruhe, 243, 380

Kashmir, 28, 62, 351

Kaufmann, Captain, 377

Kemnitz, Colonel von, 140

Kes, Dr. Walter, 219, 230

Khorasan, 384

Kilima Njaro, Mount, 114

Kioto, 202

Kipling, Rudyard, author quotes, 289, 308, 353, 356

Kirchhoff, Professor, 23

Kirn, 172

Kitchener, Earl, Crown Prince on, 62

Klefberg, Dr., 234 note

Kleinbettingen, 126

Kobe, 257

Koch, Frau Martha, her Red Cross work, 214, 215, 239

Kodak, author’s Eastman, 123

Kollmann, Lieutenant, 182

Kondratenko, General, 205

Königsberg, troops from, 200

Korte, private, 290

Kösen, 25

Kreidel, Privy Councillor, at Brussels, 243

Kreuznach, 172

Kriebel, Captain, 372

Kroeber, Dr. Hans, 26

Kruiseik, author visits, 358-361

Krum, Rittmeister von, acts as the author’s chauffeur, 15-55

Krupp’s factory, engineers from, 294
workmen at Namur, 206
42-cm. mortars, 214

Kübler, Doctor, in Ostend, 268, 275, 277, 281, 289, 294

Kummer, Herr, 315

Kuropatkin, General, 384

Kutch Behar, 62

La Chiers, 60, 117, 119

La Dormoise, 166

La Ferté, letter from, 35

Lahn, the, 31, 34

La Hulpe, 211

La Lys Canal, 357

Lamprecht, Captain, 258

Landsturm, German, at Vouziers, 169
drill the volunteers, 243
characteristics, 5
guards the railways, 22, 126, 129, 203
in Bapaume, 317, 333, 343
march-past of, 149, 222

Landwehr, German, 162, 176, 222, 264

Langen Schwalbach, 30

Lavaux, 127

Lawrence, Sir Walter, 242

Le Cateau, author visits, 368

Le Chesne, 146, 182

Leclerc, Alfred, 165

Leffinghe, 271

Leipzig, 115
battle of, 21

Leman, General, at Liège, 206

Le Mans, 121

Lemberg, battle of, 7

Lengagne, Mesdemoiselles, 302, 344, 367

Le Nouvion, 368

Leo XIII., Pope, 334

Lepsius, Doctor, 205, 210

Lewenhaupt, Count, 173

Libramont, 128, 200-202

_Liebesgaben_ for German troops, 74, 186

Liebrecht, 64

Liège, Krupp’s men at, 206
siege of, 61, 206

Lierre, 218, 298

Lille, author visits, 309-311, 315
author visits, 348, 351

Linder, Fru, 380

Linselles, 357

Liny, 67

Lippe, Doctor, 282, 289

Livland wars, the, 29

Lomme, 311

London, refugees in, 285
Guildhall meeting, 354

London, Jack, his dogs, 22

Longlaville, 57

Longlier, 127

Longuyon, author visits, 59, 119, 129, 369

Longwy, bombardment of, 48, 57, 119-122

Looting, instances of, 170, 195, 223, 367

Lopnor, sea of, 244

Lorraine, the author in, 57

Louis XIV., King, 121

Louis XVI. at Varennes, 93

Lou-lan, 121, 244

Louvain, author visits, 239, 240
destruction of, 55, 240, 244

Löwenstein, Prince, at Douai, 346

Lübke, Captain, escorts the author, 347, 348, 357

Ludwigshafen, 378

Luise, Dowager Grand Duchess, in Karlsruhe, 380

Lumm, Councillor von, 297

Lunéville, 56

Luther, 250
at Wittenberg, 20, 21

Lützen, 24, 27

Luxemburg, author at, 36, 44-56
German Headquarters in, 48-50, 122-124
prisoners in, 40
treatment of wounded in, 47, 48
Grand Duchess of, 45

Lwow. _See_ Lemberg

Machenhauer, Lieut.-Col., 88

MacMahon, Marshal, at Sedan, 146

Madras, 351

_Magdeburgische Zeitung_, author on the Kaiser in, 49

Main, the, 28

Malancourt, 73

Malines, 218, 234, 263;
author visits, 220, 221, 230, 234, 240, 245, 297, 298

Maltzahn, Baron von, 61
injured in a motor accident, 114, 115, 382

Mamer, 126

Manchuria, war in, 11

Mannheim, 378
Brewery, 136

Manuel of Portugal, ex-King, 307

Marche-les-Dames, 208

Margaret of Austria, statue of, 221

Marguth, Pastor, 191, 199

Mariakerke, author at, 286, 287

Marines, German, at Antwerp, 233-235, 241, 251, 257
at Ostend, 276

Marksuhl, 28

Marloie, 203

Marne, the, 152
Battle of the, vi

Marschall, Lieut.-Gen. von, at Douai, 346
in Luxemburg, 51

Marseilles, 70

Mars-la-Tour, 146

Martha, Sister (Frau Koch), 239, 257

Marville, 59, 119, 368

Massebus, Lieutenant, in Brussels, 214

Matthiasz, Major, accompanies the author under fire, 64, 68, 70-73,
80, 84, 97

Maubeuge, 286

Max, Prince of Württemberg, 168

Mayence Ammunition Park Depot, 125
Elector of, 29

Mecklenburg, Duke Adolf Friedrich of, as a chauffeur, 367-370
at Brussels and Bapaume, 296, 301, 306-320, 332, 344, 362, 367,
371, 372
at Douai, 346
at Roubaix, 350

Meiningen, Duke Georg of, 297

Meinze, Herr, 35

Melle, 263

Memel, 125

Menin, 358

Merseburg, 23, 24

Merwart, 202

Merxem, 259

Messempré-Messincourt, 132

Metz, 44, 56
author visits, 367, 376, 378
fortifications of, 217

Meuse, the, 60, 67, 105, 207

Mézières, 368

Middelkerke, 186, 285
artillery at, 265, 271, 275, 283
author at, 271-273, 275

Militarism, German, 356, 357

Mine-field off the Belgian coast, 293

Miraumont, sports at, 362

Mohammed Isa, 351

Moltke, Colonel-General von, in Luxemburg, 45, 55, 122
Chief of the General Staff, smooths the author’s road, 14, 45, 56,
76, 116, 144, 248, 379
Countess von, in Luxemburg, 45, 47, 55
General von, at Donchery, 1870, 137

Mönch, Commander, 289

Monchy-au-Bois, trenches at, 320-331

Mons, author at, 299

Montblainville, 94

Montenegrin troops, the, 354, 355

Montmédy, 60, 105, 118, 129

Mont St. Jean, 211, 212

Moroccan troops, 39

Moscow, 190

Moselle, the, 34-36, 44

Mudra, General von, at the front, 85, 92, 97

Mulde, 22

Müller, Admiral von, in Luxemburg, 51, 53, 122
Colonel, in Antwerp, 245, 258
Lieutenant, 196, 198
Major von, 62, 187

Münch, Franz Xaver, chaplain, 335-340, 366

Munich, 345

Mutius, Colonel von, in Luxemburg, 51

Namur, 60
author visits, 199, 201-210

Nancy, 104

Naninnes, 204

Napoleon I., at Leipzig, 21
at Waterloo, 211, 212
picture of, 138
bust of, 159

Napoleon III., Emperor, capitulation of, 136-139

Narbonne, 171, 172

Narva, 191

Nassau, 30

Naumburg, 24

Nethe, Major, 299
the, 218, 223, 242

Neufchâteau, 127

Neuville, artist, 63

_Newcastle Chronicle_, the, 380 note

New Guinea, 32

New Zealand, troops from, 250

Ney, Marshal, 211

Nicolai, Major, in Luxemburg, 122

Nieuport, 239, 265, 271, 275
Allies in, 272, 273
bombardment of, 284

Nietzsche, xvi

Nobel prize winners, 355

Noërs, 59, 368

Norway, William II. in, 50

_Novoye Vremya_, 384

Oetinger, General von, 380

Ohain, 212

Okuniev, 168

Oldershausen, Colonel von, 358

Omdurman, 62

Ooms, Karel, widow of, 227

Oskar, Prince, illness of, 123, 124

Ostend, author visits, 263-294
bombardment of, 268-283, 317, 346

Ostend, Churchill in, 255
Germans in, 243, 263, 265, 285, 289

Osterith, Mrs., 258

Overyssche, 211

Pappenheim in Germany, 24

Paris, fortifications of, 217

Parsohen, Captain, 170

Pasteur, statue of, 311, 348

Pawel, Lieut.-Gen. von, 362

Peene, the, 5

Peihmann, Baron von, 372

Pekin, 375

Pelkmann, General von, 370

Penang, 214

Peronne, 302

_Persia and the Persian Question_, Curzon’s, 384 note

Perthes, 179
Justus, 27

Peter the Great, Tsar, 146

Petri, Harald, Swedish Consul in Antwerp, 253-255, 259, 260, 263, 265

Petrograd, Poincaré in, 50

Pfeil, Count von, at the front, 85, 90

Photography, author’s, 123, 165, 210, 235, 317

Pius IX., Pope, 334

Pius X., Pope, 223

Planchenois, 212

Planitz, Major von der, 62

Plato, Major von, at Sedan, 132-135, 199, 200

Pless, Prince, in Luxemburg, 51

Plessen, Col.-Gen. von, at Douai, 346
in Luxemburg, 51, 123

Plettenberg, General von, 306, 316

Poincaré, President, at Petrograd, 50

Poland, Germans in, 344, 355

Polish roads, 16, 18

Pomerania, 5

Pompeii, destruction of, 121

Port Arthur, siege of, 205

Portuguese troops, the, 354-356

Posen, author in, 295

Potsdam, 35
author at, 19

Pousette, Herr, 239

Prenzlau, 5

Press, honesty of the German, 318, 355
methods of the English, 354-356

Prisoners of war, dismal fate of, 89
German, treatment of, 31-33, 40, 89-91; _see also under_
British, French, etc.

Prussian-Hessian State Railways, 125

Przemysl, 318

Putten, 254, 260

Quaterecht, 263

Quesnoy, 313, 371

Quiévrain, 300

Rambaldi, Lieut. Count, 176

Rath, Colonel von, at Dannevoux, 70

Rathgen, General, at Namur, 209

Rawalpindi, 28

Rechberg, Adjutant, 91

Rehnsköld, Field-Marshal Count, 24

Reichard, Dr., 320

Reichenau, von, German Minister in Stockholm, 13

Reischach, Baron von, in Luxemburg, 123

Rennenkampf, General, 303

Requisitions, German, 133, 147, 183, 184

Rheims, 146
bombardment of, 129, 200, 239
Germans in, 307, 315

Rhine, the, 34

Richthofen, Professor, 233

Rixingen, 372

Rodingen, 57

Romagne, Germans in, 74, 81, 83, 98-103, 104, 109

Romans at Igel, the, 44

Röntgen, 250

Rosebery, Lord, quoted, xvi

Rosendaal, 254

Rossignol, battle at, 32, 38, 187

Roubaix, English prisoners in 348-351

Roumania, King of, 307

Rouvroy, 147

Rubens, P. P., his house, 258
pictures of, 249
statue of, 250

Rügen, 4

Rupprecht, Crown Prince, of Bavaria, at the front, 344-347, 357

Russia, effect of victory for, 304, 354
its relations with England, 159, 248, 384

Russian Army, its advance on Berlin, 284, 303
possible depression of, 309
prisoners of war, 382
roads, 16

Russo-Japanese War, the, 11, 248

Saale, the, 24, 25

Saarbrücken, 44, 378

Salvius, Adler, 29

Sambre, the, 207

_Sans Souci_, 352

Sarthe, the, 122

Sassnitz, 4, 386

Sauer, the, 44

Sautier, Frau, 380

Savolaks, 29

Saxony, King of, 298, 373

Schaubode, Lieut.-Col., in Antwerp, 258

Scheerenberg, Lieut.-Col., in Brussels, 231

Scheldt, the, 224, 227, 236, 255

Schiller, 339

Schleswig-Holstein, Duke Ernst Günther of, 297

Schlüchtern, 28

Schlüter, Captain, 362

Schmidt, soldier, 64

Schmidt von Knobelsdorff, Lieut.-Gen., 62-64

Schoelvinck, Herr, 307

Scholander, Sven, 308

Schönfelder, Dr., at Ostend, 268, 282, 284, 288-290

Schröder, Admiral von, at Antwerp, 245
at Middelkerke, 275
at Ostend, 278

Schulenburg, Count von der, 342

Schumann, 159

Séchault, 146, 161

Seckendorff, Baron von, controls the Fourth Army, 140-145, 196

Secundinius Aventinus, 44

Sedan, author visits, 122, 125-144, 182-186, 196, 200, 204, 368
memories of 1870 in, 60, 134-136, 146

Semois, the, 130

Senegal, 340

Senegalese troops, the, 39, 250

Senegambia, 355

Septsarges, 64-71

Serajevo, assassination of the Archduke at, 50

Serbian troops, the, 354, 355

Sevron, 168

Shanghai, 214

Shaw, G. B., quoted, 354

Sick, Professor, 115

Simla, 353

Singapore, 214

Siemens, Herr K. F. von, 242, 299-301, 376

Skobeleff, General, 384

Slype, 271

Social democrats, German, 376

Soden, General von, 362

Soignies, 299

Somme Py, 147, 173, 181

Souain, burning of, 174, 177, 179, 180

Spy, profession of the, 23, 167, 327-330

Stålhandske, 29

_Standard, The_, 367 note

St. André, 103, 313

Stecho, Doctor, in Brussels, 231

Steffen, Professor Gustaf F., on Antwerp, 231 note
quoted, 352, 354, 367 note

Steglitz, 219

Stenay, 60, 97, 102, 117, 119

Sterpenich, 126

St. Étienne, 119

Stettin, 219

St. Francis, Day of, 189-194

St. Hubertus, Day of, 362

St. Kilian, statue of, 223

Stockholm, 3, 33, 44, 123, 248, 380, 386
German Minister in, 13
Poincaré in, 50

St. Privat, 370

Stralsund, 4

_Stralsund_, cruiser, 269

Strassburg, von Wedel, governor of, 9

Strauss, Richard, 159

St. Vincent, Sisters of, 189

Suhlmann, Captain, 97, 102

Sweden, danger from Russia to, 304, 384
its military attachés in Germany, 12
Landsturm of, 3

Swedish Army in Germany, vi, 21, 22, 24, 27, 29, 54, 146
its lines of communication, 141, 162
Consul in Antwerp, 253-255, 259
granite in Belgium, 263
letter of credit, author’s, 122, 239

Tacitus on the Germans, 20

Tägert, Captain, at Ostend, 266, 271, 278, 294

Tahure, 181

Taine, statue of, 194

Takla-makan, 202

Tannay, 146

Tannenberg, 7

Tappen, Colonel, at Douai, 346

_Tasmania_, s.s., 238

_Taubes_, German, author inspects, 44, 171, 275
damaged by French, 330
over Ostend, 280

Taube, Count, Swedish Minister in Berlin, 9

Tauchnitz, Baron von, in Metz, 370, 372

Taunus, the, 30

Telephone Service, Army, 328-330

Tellancourt, 119

Termonde, 252, 285

Tetanus, cases of, 152, 210

_Tête de Flandre_, Germans at, 236, 237

Tettenborn, Lieut.-Gen. von, 373, 377

Theft, German punishment of, 170, 195, 223, 367

Thiébaut, M., of Nancy. 104

Thüringer, Wald, the, 27

Tibet, the author in, 53, 62, 190, 248, 351

_Times, The_, quoted, 231 note, 367

Tirpitz, Admiral von, 50
in Brussels, 242

Togoland, German Governor of, 296

Trade, Germany captures the world’s, 257, 270

Treis, 35

Treitschke, xvi

Trelleborg, 3

Trenches, life in the, 75, 177, 188, 320-327

Treutler, Herr von, in Antwerp, 245
in Luxemburg, 51

Trèves, 145
the author at, 36-44

_Trèves Gazette_, 130

Trutz, Captain, 301

Tschammer, Baron von, at Vouziers, 158, 169, 196

Tsingtau, fall of, 79, 160

Tuaregs, the, 39

Tubize, 299

Turcos, the, 354

Turenne, statue of, 139, 185, 368

Turkey, von der Goltz in, 215

Turkish fleet, the, 344

Uhlans of the Guard, the, 17, 35, 74, 93, 112
in Belgium, 224, 230, 233, 236

Ukraine, 191

Vabitj, 191

Vacha, 28

Valenciennes, 300

Vandervelde, M., at Ostend, 285

Van Dyck, birthplace of, 235
pictures by, 220

Varennes, 107, 146
engagement at, 84-103, 113

Vauban, memorials at Longwy, 119, 121

Vauquois, 94

Vélu, château of, 316

Venduyne, 288

Verdun, fortress of, 46, 61, 65, 105, 127, 200, 239

Verhaghen, pictures by, 220

Verlinghem, 313

Vernier, Madame du, 64, 103, 115

Verrier, Lieutenant, 31-33, 38

Very, 94

Vienna, the author in, 9

Vilosnes, 68

Vionville, 146

Visby, 248

Vitry, battle of, 48

Voort, van der, carving by, 249, 250

Vosges, the, 239

Vouziers, the author at, 142, 144-146, 150, 169, 173, 182, 186-196,
200

_Wacht am Rhein, Die_, 235, 341

Wachtmeister, Count, 367

Waelhem, 221, 225, 230

Wagner, Richard, 159

Waldemar, Prince, in Brussels, 231
in Luxemburg, 48, 122

_War and Culture_, Steffen’s, 231, 352, 354, 367 note

War, its psychology, 11
of 1870, Franco-Prussian, 10, 34, 57, 136-139, 146
of 1914-15, probable outcome of, 10
Russo-Japanese, 11

Warsaw, 168

Wartha, the, 79

Wasserbillig, 44

Waterloo, the author at, 210-214

Wavre, 297

Wedel, Prince von, 9

Weddigen, sinks the _Cressy_, _Aboukir_ and _Hogue_, 113, 129

Wegener, Professor Georg, 233

Weimar, 125
author in, 26

Weller, Major von, 299

Wellington, 1st Duke of, at Waterloo, 211, 212, 230
on Antwerp, 270

Werder, General von, 272
Anton von, his pictures of the capitulation of 1870, 137, 138, 158

Werra, the, 28

Wervicq, 357

Wessling, Swedish officer, 146

Western front, length of the, 186, 239, 289

Widenmann, Professor, 62, 114

Wiesbaden, 30

Wilamovitz, Countess, 17

William I., King of Prussia, at Ems, 31-34
at Sedan, 136
statue of, 34

William II., Kaiser, at Douai, 345-347
author’s interviews with, in Luxemburg, 49-54, 123
creates a Navy, 50, 53, 242
grants the author leave to visit the front, 46
his efforts to avert war, 24, 49, 53, 192, 336
his health, 54
his jubilee, 49
his piety, 53
in Metz, 370
visits French prisoners, 32

William III., of England, King, 213

Wimpffen, General, at Donchery, 1870, 137

Winckler, Lieut.-Gen. von, 319, 323, 327

Wine, Germans do not practise abstinence from, 147, 183

Wittenberg, 20

Wittisch, Lieut.-Col., 272, 273

Wittlich, 36

Woevre, 211

Wounded, uniform treatment of, 35, 38-42, 47, 48, 69, 98-102, 133,
151-158, 257, 291

Württemberg, 15, 19
Duke Albrecht of, victory of, 127;
author meets, 165, 168
Landwehr, 74
troops, 93, 127, 196

Xivry, 369

Ypres, xv, 79, 317, 357
English prisoners from, 359-361

Yser Canal, the, 271, 284
fighting on, 290, 295, 317

Zeppelins over Antwerp, 251

Zimmermann, Herr von, Under Secretary of State, 14

Zinsser, Dr., at Vouziers, 150-152, 186

Zobeltitz, Lieut. von, 62

Transcriber's Notes

The following changes have been made to the text as printed.

1. Illustrations and end-of-page footnotes (marked with an asterisk) have been located in appropriate paragraph breaks.

2. Obvious errors in spelling and punctuation have been silently corrected.

3. Where a word is used repeatedly in the same way, spelling and hyphenation have been made consistent, preferring the form most often used in the printed work, or failing that the more usual form in general use at the time of publication. No typographical change has been made within direct quotes from other works.

4. The spelling of the following names has been changed to agree with normal usage at the time of the original publication:

Page 135: "ordinarily a judge at Frankfort-on-Main" to "...
Frankfurt-on-Main".

Page 188: "In the Argonne forest much blood has flown" to "... has
flowed".

Page 261 (caption) and List of Illustrations: "Bergen-op-Zoon" to
"Bergen-op-Zoom".

Page 378 (chapter heading) and Table of Contents: "Trälleborg" to
"Trelleborg".

5. Index: some entries have been amended in accordance with the corresponding body text.

6. No change has been made to the following place names, but it is noted that:

Page 211: "Wawre" is a town in central Belgium, indexed as "Woevre",
now known as "Wavre".

Page 297: "Wavre" is a village near Antwerp, indexed as such, now
known as "Waver".