Chapter I: Front Matter

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THE WONDER ISLAND BOYS: EXPLORING THE ISLAND

by

ROGER T. FINLAY

Illustrated

The New York Book Company New York Copyright 1914

CONTENTS

I. THE FOURTH VOYAGE OF DISCOVERY

The journey into the forest. Restlessness of the yaks. The alarm.
Wild animals. George Mayfield and Harry Crandall. Their companion,
an aged Professor. Their history. How they were shipwrecked. Thrown
on an island without weapons, tools, food, or any of the
requirements of life. What they had accomplished previous to the
opening of this chapter. Making tools. Capturing yaks and training
them. The three previous expeditions, and what they discovered. The
mysterious occurrences. The fourth voyage of discovery. Losing
sight of the strange animals. The forest. Discovering orang-outans.
Capturing a young orang. Christening the "Baby." Its strange and
restless actions. A shot. A wild animal. The wildcat. Enemy of the
orang-outan. Distances deceptive, and why. Peculiar sensations at
altitudes. Tableland. The fifth day. Discovery of a broad river.
Progress barred.

II. THE MYSTERIOUS LIGHTS

A mountain chain beyond the river. Adventures along the river.
Decide to follow the river to the north. Camping at the shore of a
small stream. Prospecting tour on the stream. The flint arrow. The
arrow in the skull of an animal. Different kinds of arrows.
Home-sick. The light across the river. The test of firing a gun.
Disappearance of the light. Seeking explanation. The night watch.
The early breakfast and start. Scouting in advance. Qualifications
in scouting.

III. THE BEAR FIGHT

A coast line of steep hills. Shooting an animal. The answering
shot. The wonderful echo. Calculating distance of the bluff by the
sound. The bear. The attack of the bear. The Professor's shot. The
frightened yaks. Recovery of the wagon. Death of the bear. Rugged
traveling. Changing their course. Deciding to return to their home.
Stormy weather. The traveling chart. Methods used to determine
course in traveling. An adjustable square. Obtaining angles from
the shadows.

IV. THE DISAPPEARANCE OF THE YAKS

Breezes from the north. Indications of proximity of the sea. Warm
winds. What wind temperatures tell. The missing yak herd. Mystery
of the turning water wheel. The mill and workshop. Their home.
"Baby" learning civilized ways. The noise in the night. The return
of the yaks. The need for keeping correct time. Shoe leather
necessary. Threshing out barley. The flail. The grindstone. Making
flour. Baking bread. How the bread was raised. What yeast does in
bread. Temperature required. The "Baby" and the honey pot. The
bread with large holes in it. George's trip to the cliffs. A
peculiar sounding noise and spray from the cliffs. An air pocket.
Compressed air. Non-compressible water.

V. AN EXCITING HUNT

Earthquake indications. The seismograph. The theory about the
interior of the earth. How geologists know the composition of the
interior of the earth for miles down. The earth's "crust." The
weekly hunting trip. Determine to cross South River and explore.
The lost hatchet found. Making a raft to cross the river. Going
into the interior. The sound of moving animals. Caution in
approaching. Discovering the beast. Two shots. The disappearing
animal. Indications that the animal was hit. Trail lost. Returning
to the river. The animal again sighted. Firing at the animal. The
shots take effect. The animal too heavy to carry. Return to the
Cataract home. Finding the camphor tree. Its wonders as a medicine.
Calisaya. Algoraba, a species of bean, or locust. Sarsaparilla. The
trip to South River with the team. Finding the shot animal. The
ocelot. Two bullet holes instead of one. The animal not at the
place where it was shot the night before. Mystery explained by the
finding of second animal which they had shot. Skinning the animals.

VI. HUNTING VEGETABLES AND PLANTS

The accomplishments of George and Harry. Theory and practice.
Fermentation. How heat develops germs. Bacteria. Harmless germs.
Tribes of germs. Septic system of sewage. The war between germs.
Setting germs to work. Indications from the vegetable world as to
the climate. Prospecting in the hills. Tanning leather. Bark, and
what it does in tanning. Different materials used. The gall nut and
how it is formed. Different kinds of leaves. The edges of leaves.
The most important part of every vegetation. Trip to the cliffs.
Hunting for the air pocket. Discovery of a cave. Exploring the
cave. The water in the cave. Indication of marine animal in the
water. Return to the mouth of the cave. Discovering the air pocket.
The peculiar light in the cave. Calcium coating.

VII. INVESTIGATING THE PROSPECTOR'S HOLE

Speculation as to the animal in the cave. Determined to explore the
mystery of the "hole" in the hill. Trip to the hills. Difficulty in
finding the "hole." Accidental discovery of a rock. The "hole"
found. Indication that it was made by man. Why plants flourish
around holes and stones. Moisture and heat. Object of cultivating
plants. Lead and silver ore. Zinc. Working with their ore furnace.
Putting metals to work. Labor-saving tools, what they are and what
they do. Roasting ore. Melting roasted ore in crucible. Recovering
zinc. Light from zinc and copper. Harry bitten by a "cat." The
zibet.

VIII. THE BULL FIGHT

Different fruit, flowers and vegetables. The thistle. Its
nutritious qualities. Why animals can eat it. The sorrel and the
shamrock. Significance of the latter. Vanilla. Smell is vibration.
Harmony and discord in odors. What essences are composed of.
Preserving seeds for planting. Food elements in vegetables.
Surprising increase in their herd of yaks. Investigation. The wild
bull. Apollo, the bull of their herd. His absence. The wild bull
charging George. Stampede of the herd. George carried with them.
Appearance of Apollo. Engaging in combat. Apollo the stronger.
Reappearance of George. Return of the cows. Apollo the victor.
Finding a brand mark on the wild bull. Inventory of their stock.
Work in tanning vats. The flash of Harry's gun in the distance.
Explanation of the difference in time between the flash and report.
"Sound" or "noise." Vibrations. Light. The locomotive whistle
explained.

IX. EXCITING EXPERIENCES WITH THE BOATS

Health on the island. Illness of Harry. Fever. Determining
temperature. Making a thermometer. Substitutes for glass and
mercury. How Fahrenheit scale is determined. Centigrade scale.
Testing the thermometer. Determining fever. Danger point. Why a
coiled pipe tries to straighten out under pressure. Medicine for
fever. Rains and rising Cataract River. Decision to explore sea
coast to the east. Yoking up the yaks. Gathering samples of plants
and flowers. The beach. Following the shore line. Discovering the
boat which had disappeared from the Falls in South River.
Surprising find of strange oars and unfamiliar rope in the boat.
Harry and George decide to sail the boat around the cliff point to
the Cataract River. The Professor takes the team home. Sighting an
object on the cliffs. Going ashore at the foot of the cliffs for an
examination. Ascending the cliffs. Discovering the wrecked remains
of their life-boat. Consternation when their boat is washed away
from the shore. Getting the wreck of the life-boat down to the
water. The watching and waiting Professor. The boys launch the
life-boat and float to the mainland. Meeting the Professor.
Explanations.

X. THE BIRTHDAY PARTY AND THE SURPRISE

Theory that their island is near some other inhabited island. The
mysterious occurrences of the fire in the forest; the lights across
the river. The disappearance of their boat. The removal of the
flagpole and flag; the arrows; the hole in the hillside; the
finding of the boat with unfamiliar oars and rope on it. Conclude
to make another boat. Unsanitary arrangement of their kitchen.
Purifying means employed. Different purifying agents. Primary
electric battery. The cell; how made. The electrodes. Clay. The
positive and the negative elements. How connected up. The battery.
Making wire. How electricity flows. Rate of flow. Volts and
amperes. Pressure and quantity. Drawing out the wire. Tools for
drawing the wire. Friction. Molecules and atoms. Accomplishments of
"Baby." Climbing trees and finding nuts. George as cook. Making
puddings. "Baby's" aid. Finding eggs of prairie chicken. Planning a
surprise for the Professor. The birthday party. George's cakes to
celebrate the event. Harry's gong. The missing cakes. "Baby" the
thief. The feast. Why laughter is infectious. Odors. Beautiful
perfumes wafted to long distances. Bad odors destroyed. Why. Oxygen
as a purifying agent.

XI. THE GRUESOME SKELETON

The Cataract water. Common oak chips as purifiers. Tannic acid.
Bitter almonds. Universal purification of water. The Bible method.
Albumen impurities in water. Electric battery. The electrode. How
the cells were made. Object of plurality of cells. Volts, amperes
and watts, and their definitions. A new boat determined on.
Determining size of the boat. Recovering their life-boat. Visit to
Observation Hill. Hunting for the lost flagpole and flag. Wreckage
of a ship's boat discovered. The Professor sent for. Ascertain it
is not part of their wrecked boat. Gathering up portions of the
boat. Amazing discovery of skull and skeleton. Methods of
determining age. Condition of the skull and teeth. Carrying the
remains to the Cataract. The funeral. The seven ages in the growth
of man. Sadness. The skeleton at the feast. Why is death necessary.
One of the many reasons.

XII. THE DISTANT SHIP AND ITS DISAPPEARANCE

The endive. Chicory. The principle in the plant. The root. Curious
manner of preparing it. A surprise for Harry. Making clay crocks.
How to glaze or vitrify them. The use of salt in the process. A
potter's wheel. Uses of the wheel. Its antiquity. Inspecting the
electric battery. How it is connected up. Peculiarities in
designating parts of the battery. Making the first spark. Necessary
requirements for making a lighting plant. The arc light. What arc
is and means. The incandescent light. Why the filament in bulb does
not readily burn out. Oxygen as a supporter of combustion. Carbon,
how made. Essential of the invention of the arc light. Determine
again to explore cave. The lamps, spears and other equipment.
Exciting discovery of a sail. Signaling the ship. The ship
disappears. Discouragement. Determine to make a large flag and
erect a new flagpole. Visiting the cave. Exploring it. Mounting one
of the lamps on ledge for safety. Water not found where it was on
previous visit. Discovery of a large domed chamber. Bringing
forward the light on the ledge. Entering the chamber. Disappearance
of the light from the ledge. The outlet of the chamber. Searching
for the lost light. Determine to chart the cave. Steps taken.
Surveying methods. Substitutes for paper and pencil. Soot. The
base, the angle, and the projecting lines. How the side walls were
charted.

XIII. THE EXCITING HUNT INT HE FOREST

An eventful day. Accounting for the disappearance of the water in
the cave. The animal in the cave. Subterranean connection with the
sea. Starting to make the large flag. Regulation flag determined
on. The stripes and their colors, and how arranged. Their
significance. The blue field and how studded. Its proportional
size. How the yellow ramie cloth was made white. The bleaching
process. Chloride of lime. The red color. The madder plant. Its
powerful dyeing qualities. Coffee. The surprise party for Harry.
Chicory leaves as a salad. Exhilarative substances and beverages.
The cocoa leaf. Betel-nut. Pepper plants. Thorn apples. The ledum
and hop. Narcotic fungus. "Baby's" experiment with the red dye test
sample. Test samples in dyeing. Color-metric tests in analyzing
chemicals. Reagents. The meaning and their use. Bitter-sweet. Blue
dye. Copper and lime as coloring substance. The completed flag. A
hunting trip for the pole. Making a trailer. A pole fifty feet long
determined on. Tethering the yaks at the river. Searching for pole.
The shell-bark hickory. The giant ant-killer. His peculiarities.
Weight of hickory. Weight of the pole. Problem to convey it to the
river. Determine to get the yaks. Swimming them across the river.
The Professor absent on their return. Searching for the Professor.
A shot heard. Going in the direction of the shot. Another shot from
vicinity of the team. Returning in the direction of last shot. Find
the Professor with team on way to river. How they made a circle
without knowing it. A lesson in judgment.

XIV. THE RAISING OF THE FLAG, AND ANGEL'S PART IN IT

Absence of Red Angel. The search. Sorrow at his flight. The morning
breakfast. Reappearance of Red Angel with nuts. The honey pot and
Red Angel. The voluntary exchange of nut for honey. How the orang
reasoned. Preparation for pole-raising day. The capstans. The ropes
and forked poles. The Angel invited to attend. How the pole was
raised. Preparation to hoist the flag. The interference of Red
Angel. How he mounted the pole. How honey was no temptation.
George's discovery that Angel had eaten all the honey. The ceremony
of raising the flag. Trying to sing the Star-Spangled Banner. The
failure. Taking possession of the island in the name of the United
States. Significance of the act of taking possession. Heraldry and
the bending of the flag on the halliards. The banner and flag in
ancient times. Leaving the flag at half-mast. The banner in the
Bible. The necessity for making glass. Its early origin. The
crystal of the ancients. What it is made of. The blowing process.
An acid and an alkali. Sand as an acid. Lime, soda, and potash as
alkalis. The result when united. Transparent and translucent.
Opaqueness. Making sheet glass. Why the eye cannot see through
rough glass. How sheets are prevented from being cracked.

XV. MYSTERIOUS HAPPENINGS ON THE ISLAND

Heating the crucibles for fusing glass. Eliminating impurities.
Result of too much alkali. A test sample of glass. Speculation as
to the inhabitants of the island. Their knowledge of the presence
of savages. Mysterious occurrences while on the island. Determining
to make further explorations for their own safety. The guns they
had made. The hesitation about the trip inland. The hope for
another ship. Discussing the probability of meeting the savages.
Questions to be decided in building their boat. Possibilities of an
island near them. Reasons for that view. A year from the time they
sailed from New York. The spring. Planting a garden. Preparing the
ground. The buckwheat. Propagation. Wild oats. How cultivated.
Budding, grafting and inarching. Seedless fruit. Conclude to
utilize the wrecked part of the life-boat as part of the new boat.
Size of the new vessel. Its size and weight What is a ship. A brig,
a sloop. Single masters. The sails. Different parts of the masts.
The bowsprit and boom. The triangular sail.

XVI. DISCOVERY OF THE SAVAGES' HUTS

The hunting expedition. The forest below South River. Suggestions
of the Professor concerning the importance of that section. The
trail through the dense woods. Wild animals. Different varieties of
game. Directing course by the sun. Character of the country.
Discovery of native huts. A vegetable garden. The surprising
contents of the huts. Accidentally finding paper containing
writing. Other articles of interest among the rubbish. A mineral
spring. A monogrammed silver cup. The return journey. Discussing
the articles found.

XVII. THE GRIM EVIDENCE IN THE HILLS

Trying to decipher the writing traces on the paper. Conclusions.
The Professor's journey. Prospecting in the hills. Discovery of
numerous fissures in the rocks. A skeleton in one of them. The
telltale arrows. Mute evidence of the character of the inhabitants
of the island.

XVIII. STRANGE DISCOVERY OF A COMPANION LIFEBOAT

Work on the new boat. Variety of their work. The regular hunting
day. The joke on the Professor. Old age. How old age becomes a
habit. The discussion on hunting. Deciding where to go. Conclude to
visit the forests to the west. Provisioning for the journey.
Reaching the edge of the main forest, accompanied by Red Angel. In
the proximity of the Falls. Decided to go in that direction. Reach
the river. Searching for the spot where the boat was left and from
which place it had been taken. No traces of the mooring place.
Examining driftwood and debris along river bank. Amazing discovery
of one of _Investigator's_ boats. Speculation as to the mystery.
Evidence that it came over the Falls. Disappearance of the lockers
of the boat, similar to those on their own. Discussion as to the
fate of their companions. Decide to seclude the boat. Sudden
appearance of Red Angel in excitement. Following him back to the
location of the wagon. Disappearance of the yaks and wagon.

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS

"Before they had gone 20 feet, a large leopard-like animal sprang transversely across their path"

"George saw his peril and now realized that he could not possibly reach a place of safety"

"'What is this? a party?' said the Professor. 'Yes; a birthday party,' said Harry"

"Red Angel saw George's design, and without saying a word he slowly descended"

LIST OF FIGURES

1. The Orang-outan

2. Types of Arrow-head

3. The Bear

4. Diagram of Their Trip

5. Bevel Square

6. Sighting the Direction

7. Threshing Flail

8. Samples of Bread

9. Air Pocket

10. Normal Crust of the Earth

11. Mountain Upheaval

12. Branch of the Camphor Tree

13. Tanning Vat

14. Serrate Leaf

15. Bi-serrate Leaf

16. Dentate Leaf

17. Crenate Leaf

18. Cave Entrance

19. Vegetation Around Stone

20. Vegetation Around Hole

21. Vanilla Plant

22. The Mysterious Brand on the Yak

23. Measuring Sound Pitch

24. Thermometer

25. Primary Battery

26. Template for Drawing Wire

27. Complete Battery with Connections

28. Human Skull

29. Potter's Wheel

30. Forming Blade

31. The Electric Arc

32. The Chart of the Cave

33. Betel-nut

34. The Giant Ant-eater

35. Chart Showing How the Boys Were Lost

36. Pole Raising

37. Making Sheet Glass

38. Grafting

39. Budding

40. Inarching

EXPLORING THE ISLAND