Chapter IV

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION AND DISPOSITION OF MARINES DURING WAR.

During the period of the war Marines served ashore and afloat all over the world. The following tables show where they were located at the outbreak of war and on the date the armistice became operative; also the naval vessels on which Marines were serving on both of these dates; and the geographical location of Marines during the war.

_Location of Marines on April 6, 1917, and November 11, 1918._

--------------------------+-----------------------+-----------------------
| Apr. 6, 1917. | Nov. 11, 1918.
Location. +---------+------+------+---------+------+------
|Officers.| Men. |Total.|Officers.|Men. |Total.
--------------------------+---------+------+------+---------+------+------
American Expeditionary | .. | .. | .. | [3]857 |23,698|24,555
Forces | | | | | |
Azores | .. | .. | .. | 11 | 188| 199
China | 8 | 268| 276| 11 | 271| 282
Cuba | 16 | 580| 596| 99 | 2,310| 2,409
England (A. E. F.). _See_ | | | | | |
American Expeditionary | | | | | |
Forces. | | | | | |
England (not A. E. F.) | .. | .. | .. | 2 | 69| 71
France (A. E. F.). _See_ | | | | | |
American Expeditionary | | | | | |
Forces. | | | | | |
France (not A. E. F.) | .. | .. | .. | 146 | 1,030| 1,176
Germany (A. E. F.) _See_ | | | | | |
American Expeditionary | | | | | |
Forces. | | | | | |
Guam | 9 | 383| 392| 14 | 366| 380
Haiti | 62 | 622| 684| 60 | 825| 885
Hawaiian Islands | 3 | 137| 140| 10 | 466| 476
Holland (The Hague) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 3| 3
Nicaragua | 3 | 111| 114| 5 | 118| 123
Philippine Islands | 7 | 272| 279| 12 | 582| 594
Porto Rico (San Juan) | .. | .. | .. | 1 | 77| 78
Samoa | .. | .. | .. | 1 | .. | 1
Santo Domingo | 69 | 1,856| 1,925| 84 | 1,879| 1,963
Sea duty | 49 | 2,187| 2,236| 64 | 2,009| 2,073
Spain (Madrid) | .. | .. | .. | .. | 1| 1
United States | 183 | 6,481| 6,664| 1,029 |36,004|37,043
Virgin Islands | 10 | 317| 327| 25 | 583| 608
+---------+------+------+---------+------+------
Total | 419 |13,214|13,633| 2,431 |70,489|72,920
--------------------------+---------+------+------+---------+------+------

[3] Including enlisted men commissioned in Europe.

MARINES SERVING ON BOARD NAVAL VESSELS.

Marine detachments served on board all the overseas battleships and on the battleships of Battleship Force Two throughout the war. The Marines of Battleship Force One of which the _Minnesota_ was flagship were temporarily withdrawn in April, 1918.

Marines were also on board a great many of the cruisers which acted as escorts for the vessels transporting Army troops to Europe.

The following table shows in detail those vessels which carried Marine detachments at the beginning of the war and on Armistice Day:

----------------------------------+---------------+---------------
| Apr. 6, 1917. | Nov. 11, 1918.
Ship. +---------+-----+---------+-----
|Officers.| Men.|Officers.| Men.
----------------------------------+---------+-----+---------+-----
Atlantic Fleet | 1 | .. | 1 | ..
Pacific Fleet | 1 | .. | 1 | ..
Asiatic Fleet | 1 | .. | 1 | ..
Battleship Force 2 | .. | .. | 1 | ..
Battleship Force | 1 | .. | .. | ..
Cruiser Force | .. | .. | 1 | ..
Division 6 | 1 | .. | 1 | ..
Division 7 | 1 | .. | .. | ..
Division 8 | .. | .. | 1 | ..
Division 9 (Sixth Battle Squadron)| .. | .. | 1 | ..
Alabama | 1 | 40 | .. | ..
Arizona | 2 | 83 | 2 | 88
Arkansas | 1 | 76 | 2 | 86
Brooklyn | 2 | 69 | 2 | 98
Castine | .. | 20 | .. | ..
Charleston | .. | .. | 2 | 62
Cincinnati | 1 | 40 | 1 | 41
Columbia | .. | 19 | .. | ..
Connecticut | 3 | 65 | .. | ..
Constellation | .. | 6 | .. | 7
Delaware | 1 | 65 | 2 | 70
Denver | 1 | 40 | .. | ..
Des Moines | .. | 38 | .. | ..
Dolphin | .. | 15 | .. | 20
Florida | 1 | 66 | 2 | 63
Frederick | .. | .. | 2 | 64
Galveston | 1 | 39 | 1 | 40
George Washington | .. | .. | 2 | 97
Helena | 1 | 30 | 1 | 25
Huntington | .. | .. | 2 | 61
Idaho | .. | .. | 2 | 19
Louisiana | 1 | 64 | .. | ..
Machias | .. | 20 | .. | ..
Mayflower | .. | 15 | .. | 5
Michigan | 2 | 62 | .. | ..
Minnesota | 2 | 68 | .. | ..
Mississippi | .. | .. | 2 | 78
Montana | 1 | 62 | 2 | 72
Nebraska | 1 | 68 | .. | ..
Nevada | 1 | 77 | 2 | 79
New Hampshire | 1 | 67 | .. | ..
New Jersey | 1 | 6 | .. | ..
New Mexico | .. | .. | 2 | 68
New York | 1 | 77 | 2 | 20
North Carolina | .. | .. | 2 | 65
North Dakota | 1 | 64 | 2 | 65
Oklahoma | 2 | 77 | 2 | 80
Olympia | 1 | 40 | .. | ..
Pennsylvania | 1 | 94 | 3 | 133
Pittsburgh | 2 | 75 | 2 | 105
Prairie | .. | 19 | .. | ..
Pueblo | 1 | 69 | 2 | 15
Rhode Island | 1 | 64 | .. | ..
Seattle | 1 | 61 | .. | ..
South Carolina | 2 | 65 | .. | ..
South Dakota | .. | .. | 2 | 59
St. Louis | .. | .. | 2 | 62
Texas | 1 | 72 | 2 | 78
Utah | 2 | 62 | 2 | 72
Wilmington | 1 | 30 | 1 | 30
Wyoming | 1 | 78 | 2 | 82
Yorktown | .. | 20 | .. | ..
+---------+-----+---------+-----
Total | 49 |2,187| 64 |2,009
----------------------------------+---------+-----+---------+-----

In addition to the above-named vessels, Marines served on the _Leviathan_, _Albany_, _New Orleans_, _Georgia_, _Kansas_, _Vermont_, _San Diego_, and _Virginia_.

GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION OF MARINES DURING THE WAR.

During the period of the war Marines were stationed at the following posts:

UNITED STATES.

_Navy yards and stations._—Portsmouth, N. H.; Boston; New York; Philadelphia; Annapolis; Washington, D. C.; Norfolk, Va.; Charleston, S. C.; Key West, Fla.; Pensacola, Fla.; New Orleans; Mare Island, Calif.; Puget Sound, Wash.; and North Island, Calif.

_Naval magazines._—Hingham, Mass.; Fort Lafayette; Iona Island, N. Y.; Lake Denmark, N. J.; Fort Mifflin, Pa.; St. Juliens Creek, Va.; and Mare Island, Calif.

_Naval ammunition depots._—Dover, N. J., and New London, Conn.

_Torpedo stations._—Puget Sound, Wash., and Newport, R. I.

_Radio stations, etc._—Greenbury, Md.; Point Isabel, Tex.; Radio, Va.; Key West, Fla.; Chatham, Mass.; Portland, Me.; Rye Beach, Me.; Otter Cliffs, Me.; naval radio station, Wellfleet, Mass.; French Cable Co., Orleans, Mass.; Postal Telegraph and Cable Co., Rockport, Mass.; Commercial Telegraph & Cable Co., Boston; Marconi Wireless Co., Boston; Western Union Co., Boston; Cape Cod, Mass.; Sayville, N. Y.; New Brunswick, N. J.; Belmar, N. J.; Tuckerton, N. J.; Beaufort, S. C.; Charleston, S. C.; Annapolis, Md.; Washington, D. C.; San Diego, Calif.; Chollas Heights, Calif.; Point Arguello, Calif.; Inglewood, Calif.; East San Pedro, Calif.; Eureka, Calif.; Bolinas, Calif.; Marshall, Calif.; Farallones Islands, Calif.; Marshfield, Oreg.; Astoria, Oreg.; Lents, Oreg.; Tatoosh, Wash.; North Head, Wash.

_Naval prisons._—Portsmouth, N. H.; Parris Island, S. C.; and Mare Island, Calif.

_Naval hospitals._—Boston; New York; Washington, D. C.; Norfolk, Va.; Key West, Fla.; and Fort Lyons, Col.

_Coaling stations._—La Playa, Calif., and Tiburon, Calif.

_Receiving ship._—Boston.

_Other places._—Headquarters, Washington, D. C.; Office of the Judge Advocate General; assistant paymasters’ offices at New York, Atlanta, Ga., and San Francisco, Calif.; depots of supplies at Philadelphia, Pa., San Francisco, Calif., and Charleston, S. C.; naval experimental station, New London, Conn.; naval district base, New London, Conn.; advanced base force, Philadelphia, Pa.; mobilization bureau, New York City; third naval district base, New York; New Navy Building guard, Washington, D. C.; naval mine station, Yorktown, Va.; naval base, Hampton Roads, Va.; Navy rifle range, Wakefield, Mass.; rifle range, Winthrop, Md.; naval proving grounds, Indian Head, Md.; Wissahickon Barracks, N. J.; Navy fuel depot, Curtis, Md.; Navy ordnance plant, Charleston, W. Va.; camp of instruction, bayonet team, Lansdowne, Pa.; signal battalion, Paoli, Pa.; staff office, San Francisco, Calif.; Marine barracks, Quantico, Va.; Fort Crockett, Galveston, Tex.; Gerstner Field, Lake Charles, La.; naval air station, Cape May, N. J.; naval air station, San Diego, Calif.; naval school for mechanics, Great Lakes, Ill.; naval air station, Pensacola, Fla.; Army training field, Mineola, Long Island, N. Y.; Marine Corps School of Machine Gun Instruction at Utica, N. Y.; and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Boston, Mass.

BEYOND CONTINENTAL LIMITS OF UNITED STATES.

_American Expeditionary Forces._—In France, England, and Germany.

_With naval service in Europe._—Paris, France; Pauillac, France; London, England; Marine aerodromes between Calais and Dunkirk, France; Croix d’Hins, Gironde, France; naval base, Ponta Delgada, Azores Islands; Cardiff, Wales.

_Naval stations._—Cavite, P. I.; Olongapo, P. I.; Pearl Harbor, Hawaii; Guantanamo Bay, Cuba; Virgin Islands; Guam.

_Occupation forces._—Santo Domingo, Haiti.

_Legation guards._—Peking, China; and Managua, Nicaragua.

_Couriers._—Madrid, Spain; The Hague, Holland; Luxembourg; Jassy, Roumania; Stockholm, Sweden; Copenhagen, Denmark; Christiania, Norway; Petrograd, Archangel, Murman Coast, Russia; Paris, France; London, England; Athens, Greece; and Rome, Italy.

_Constabularies._—Guardia Nacional Dominicana and Haitian gendarmerie.

_Radio stations._-Cavite, P. I.; San Juan, Porto Rico; El Cayay, Porto Rico; Haiti; Croix d’Hins, Gironde, France.

_Naval ammunition depot._—Olongapo, P. I.

_Naval magazine._—Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

_Depot of supplies._—Cavite, P. I.

_Attachés._—Paris, France; London, England; Yokohama, Japan; Petrograd, Russia; Stockholm, Sweden; Copenhagen, Denmark; and Christiania, Norway.