Chapter III: Part III: The Heroes

INTRODUCTORY 159

THE CREATION AND PRIMITIVE CONDITION OF MANKIND 162

PROVINCIAL HEROIC LEGENDS—
The Lapithæ and the Centaurs 165
Theban Legend—
_Cadmus_ 170
_Actæon_ 171
_Amphion and Zethus_ 172
Corinthian Legend—
_Sisyphus_ 179
_Glaucus_ 180
_Bellerophon and the Legend of the Amazons_ 180
Argive Legend—
_Io_ 185
_Danaüs and the Danaïds_ 186
_Prœtus and his Daughters_ 187
_Perseus_ 188
The Dioscuri 194
Heracles (Hercules) 197
_The Birth and Youth of Heracles_ 198
_Heracles in the Service of Eurystheus_ 199
_Deeds of Heracles after his Service_ 206
_Death and Apotheosis_ 211
_Heracles as God_ 212
Attic Legend—
_Cecrops_ 217
_Erechtheus, or Erichthonius_ 218
_Theseus_ 219
Cretan Legend—
_Minos and the Minotaur_ 227
_Talos_ 229

COMBINED UNDERTAKINGS OF THE LATER HEROIC AGE—
The Calydonian Hunt 230
The Argonauts 232
The Theban Cycle 237
The Trojan Cycle 241
The Heroic Races of the Trojan War—
_The Dardanidæ, or Race of Dardanus_ 241
_The Pelopidæ, or Race of Pelops_ 242
_The Æacidæ, or Race of Æacus_ 245
_Nestor, the Locrian Ajax, Diomedes, and Odysseus_ 247
The War 249
The Return 257

MYTHIC SEERS AND BARDS 262

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.

FIG. PAGE
1. Bust of Cronus. Vatican Museum, 20
2. Cameo of Athenion 21
3. Zeus of Otricoli. Vatican Museum, 27
4. Jupiter Verospi. Vatican Museum, 29
5. Coins of Elis with Phidias’ Zeus. (After
Overbeck.) 30
6. Barberini Juno. Vatican Museum, 32
7. Head of Hera, perhaps after Polycletus. Naples, 33
8. Pallas Giustiniani. Vatican, 38
9. Athene Polias. Villa Albani, 39
10. Pallas Athene. Naples, 40
11. Apollo Belvedere. Vatican, 44
12. Head of Apollo Belvedere, 45
13. Apollo Citharœdus. Munich, 47
14. Diana of Versailles, 50
15. Mars Ludovisi, 55
16. Bust of Ares. Sculpture Gallery at Munich, 56
17. Venus of Milo. Louvre, 60
18. Venus Genetrix. Villa Borghese, 61
19. Resting Hermes. Bronze Statue at Naples, 66
20. Statue of Hermes. Capitoline Collection, 67
21. Hephæstus. Bronze Figure in the British Museum, 70
22. Vesta Giustiniani. Torlonia Collection, 74
23. Head of Eros. Vatican, 78
24. Eros trying his Bow. Capitoline Museum, 79
25. Polyhymnia. Berlin Museum, 80
26. Melpomene. Vatican, 81
27. Euterpe. Vatican, 82
28. The Horæ. Relief from the Villa Albani, 85
29. Victoria. United Collections in Munich, 86
30. Hebe. From Antonio Canova, 88
31. Ganymedes and the Eagle. From Thorwaldsen, 89
32. Asclepius. Berlin, 95
33. Head of Asclepius. British Museum, 96
34. Night and the Fates. From Carstens, 97
35. Poseidon. Dolce Gem, 103
36. Dionysus and Lion. From the Monument of
Lysicrates, 116
37. The so-called Sardanapalus in the Vatican, 119
38. Youthful Dionysus. From the Chateau Richelieu, now
in the Louvre, 120
39. Marble Head of Youthful Dionysus at Leyden, 121
40. Sleeping Ariadne. Vatican, 122
41. Dannecker’s Ariadne. Frankfort-on-the-Main, 123
42. Head of Satyr. Munich Sculpture Gallery, 126
43. Pan. From a Mural Painting at Herculaneum, 130
44. Demeter Enthroned. Painting from Pompeii. Naples, 142
45. Persephone Enthroned. Painting from Pompeii.
Naples, 145
46. Head of Hades. Palazzo Chigi. Rome, 147
47. Three-formed Hecate. Capitoline Museum, 154
48. Metope of the Parthenon, 166
49. From the Frieze of the Temple at Bassæ 167
50. Centaur teaching a boy to play upon the Pipe.
Relief by Kundmann, 169
51. Actæon. Group. British Museum, 172
52. Farnese Bull. Naples, 174
53. Head of Niobe. Florence, _Frontispiece_.
54. Niobe. Florence, 178
55. Amazon. Berlin, 183
56. Perseus and Andromeda. Marble Relief in the Museum
at Naples, 192
57. Rondanini Medusa. Munich, 193
58. Farnese Hercules, 215
59. Elgin Theseus. British Museum, 225
60. Theseus Lifting the Rock. Relief in the Villa
Albani, 226
61. Laocoön. Group, 255
62. Priam before Achilles. Relief by Thorwaldsen, 260
63. Rape of Helen. Campana Collection. Paris, 261
64. Orpheus and Eurydice. Marble Relief in the Villa
Albani, 263

GREEK AND ROMAN MYTHOLOGY.