Chapter XX: Notes

[114.1] Stewart, 189.

[114.2] Rink, 464.

[115.1] Rev. M. MacPhail, in vi. _Folklore_, 162.

[115.2] Mallet, 424; Thorpe, i. _N. Myth._, 51.

[116.1] ii. _Silva Gad._, 343.

[117.1] ii. _Rep. Bur. Ethn._, 59.

[118.1] Saxo, 292; Elton’s version (from which I quote), 352.

[119.1] Lenormant, 64.

[120.1] C. Hose, in xxiii. _Journ. Anthr. Inst._, 161.

[120.2] i. Radloff, 188.

[121.1] ii. _N. Ind. N. and Q._, 84, quoting _Archæol. Rep._

[121.2] Maurer, 52, citing Arnason.

[122.1] Knoop, _Sagen aus Posen_, 272, 277, 280.

[122.2] Grohmann, 271.

[123.1] Arthur J. Evans, in vi. _Folklore_, 18.

[124.1] F. Corona, in i. _Rivista_, 750.

[125.1] Pröhle, _D. Sagen_, 116 (Story No. 77); Hansen, 46 (Story No. 3).

[125.2] Temme, _Altmark_, 39 (Story No. 48).

[125.3] xxiv. _Journ. Anthr. Inst._, 150.

[126.1] Campbell, _Clan Traditions_, 66.

[126.2] Crooke, 8.

[126.3] Ovid, _Metam._, iv. 543.

[128.1] Adele Pellegrino, in i. _Rivista_, 332.

[128.2] A. W. Moore, in xxxi. _Antiquary_, 73.

[128.3] G. Calvia-Secchi, in i. _Rivista_, 426.

[128.4] Knoop, _Sagen aus Posen_, 273.

[129.1] Browne, _Ethnog. Inishbofin_, in iii. _Proc. Roy. Ir. Ac._, 3rd ser., 360.

[130.1] Curtin, _Hero-Tales_, 437.

[130.2] See Curtin, _op. cit._, 90, 208, 275, 433.

[130.3] G. Calvia-Secchi, in i. _Rivista_, 427. The saint’s question is, of course, an equivocation. “Stai bene?” may be an ironical inquiry after the victim’s health. In Slavonic sagas it is occasionally the devil who is thus petrified. See Grohmann, 278, and ix. _Rev. Trad. Pop._, 505. But they cannot be true, as it is well known that he is still very much alive.

[131.1] Owen, 297.

[131.2] ii. _N. Ind. N. and Q._, 1, citing the _Calcutta Rev_.

[131.3] Crooke, 292.

[131.4] Pausanias, i. 21; viii. 2.

[132.1] x. _Rev. Trad. Pop._, 104. Cf. i. _Rivista_, 32.

[132.2] i. _N. Ind. N. and Q._, 119, quoting Forbes, _Rás Mála_.

[132.3] W. Crooke, in i. _N. Ind. N. and Q._, 140.

[133.1] Babu Rae Krishna Bahadur, in iv. _N. Ind. N. and Q._, 87.

[133.2] Crooke, 76, quoting Gen. Sleeman’s _Rambles and Recollections_.

[133.3] Modigliani, _Isola delle Donne_, 284.

[134.1] Crooke, 42, quoting Cunningham, _Archæol. Reports_.

[134.2] Hunt, 177.

[134.3] Knoop, _Posen_, 276.

[135.1] Grohmann, 273, 274.

[135.2] Pröhle, _D. Sagen_, 194 (Story No. 141).

[135.3] ii. _Am Urdsbrunnen_, 28.

[135.4] Temme, _Altmark_, 38, 99, 100. In Upper Styria a grassy alp was covered with stones because some cowherds played at skittles with butter; but I do not understand that the cowherds themselves underwent transformation. i. _Zeits. des Vereins_, 215.

[136.1] G. C. Secchi, in i. _Rivista_, 514. Bérenger-Féraud, ii. _Superstitions_, 286, 309, 322, 371, _et seq._, gives a number of instances analogous to those mentioned in the preceding paragraphs, too often without mentioning his authorities. As an example in the legends of the Church, take the unhappy shepherd who betrayed Saint Barbara to her father. Wirth, 13.

[136.2] _Antè_, p. 77; xi. _Rep. Bur. Ethn._, 54. The similarity of this incident to those of European tradition where the mendicants are Christ and the Apostle Peter need hardly be pointed out.

[137.1] _Suprà_, vol. i., p. 118.

[137.2] Dorsey, in xi. _Rep. Bur. Ethn._, 425, quoting information supplied by a missionary, the Rev. W. Hamilton.

[137.3] Kane, 250.

[137.4] i. Curr, 253, 254; xxiv. _Journ. Anthr. Inst._, 191, 192.

[138.1] ii. Gray, 346.

[138.2] Griffis, 58.

[139.1] Pausanias, ix. 34.

[140.1] Gerv. Tilb., ii. 12.

[140.2] Map, _De Nug. Cur._, iv. 12. Roger of Hoveden gives the name of the girl as Yse. Liebrecht, in Gerv. Tilb., 92, quotes the passage.

[141.1] Thorpe, ii. _N. Myth._, 247, from Thiele.

[142.1] i. _Corp. Poet. Bor._, 154, 81.

[142.2] Rydberg, 573.

[142.3] ii. _Zeits. des Vereins_, 15. Cf. Maurer, 51, 52, and many other stories.

[142.4] Poestion, 227.

[143.1] _Popol Vuh_, 243, 253.

[143.2] Müller, _Amer. Urrel._, 179.

[143.3] _Suprà_, vol. i. p. 15. Other modern versions of the tale have been more recently published by Curtin, _Hero-tales_, 283, 296.

[143.4] Plutarch, _De Iside_, xvii.

[143.5] Curtin, _Hero-tales_, 293, 309. If I do not misinterpret the scholiast a Pacceka-Buddha destroyed an insolent prince in this manner. See ii. _Jātaka_, 137 note.

[144.1] Hertz, 19, citing Lightfoot.

[144.2] Turner, _Samoa_, 23.

[144.3] Hertz, 19. Compare the Bushman stories of men changed into stone by the glance of a maiden, “probably,” as Dr. Bleek remarks, “at a time when she would be usually kept in strict retirement.” Bleek, _2nd Report_, 14; Lloyd, _Report_, 10.

[144.4] Pliny, _Nat. Hist._, viii. 32; Athenæus, v. 64; Barthol. Angl., Steele, 76.

[144.5] Instances are collected by Hertz, 21; Mestres, 226; Bérenger-Féraud, i. _Superstitions_, 253; Forsyth, 425.

[145.1] Dorsey, _Cegiha_, 215.

[145.2] Boas, _Report on N.-W. Tribes of Canada, Brit. Ass. Report_ (1895), 565.

[145.3] MacLennan, ii. _Studies_, 353, citing Morgan, _League of the Iroquois_.

[146.1] Dorman, 284, citing Smith’s _Brazil_.

[146.2] Prov. xxiii. 6; Mark vii. 22. See also Ecclesiasticus xiv. 8-10. Socrates alludes to the superstition, _Phaedo_, xlv.

[147.1] A curious example of the prevalence of the superstition is to be seen in the Lateran museum. A painting by Crivelli, dated in 1482, of the Madonna surrounded by several saints, represents the Bambino as wearing a necklace of pearls, from which, inlaid into the picture, depends a common phallic amulet of coral. Even the Holy Babe, it seems, needed a magical protection against the Evil Eye.

[147.2] Students desirous of pursuing the subject of the Evil Eye are referred to the elaborate compilation of M. Tuchmann on _La Fascination_ in _Mélusine_; Mr. F. T. Elworthy’s valuable work; Hertz, _op. cit._; Grimm, iii. _Teut. Myth._, 1099; and Andree, i. _Ethnog. Par._, 35.