Chapter I

ITALIAN WARS.--GENERAL VIEW OF EUROPE.--INVASION OF ITALY BY CHARLES
VIII., OF FRANCE.
FOREIGN POLITICS DIRECTED BY FERDINAND
EUROPE AT THE CLOSE OF THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
CHARACTER OF THE REIGNING SOVEREIGNS
IMPROVED POLITICAL AND MORAL CONDITION
MORE INTIMATE RELATIONS BETWEEN STATES
FOREIGN RELATIONS CONDUCTED BY THE SOVEREIGN
ITALY THE SCHOOL OF POLITICS
HER MOST POWERFUL STATES
CHARACTER OF ITALIAN POLITICS
INTERNAL PROSPERITY
INTRIGUES OF SFORZA
CHARLES VIII., OF FRANCE
HIS PRETENSIONS TO NAPLES
NEGOTIATIONS RESPECTING ROUSSILLON
CHARLES'S COUNSELLORS IN THE PAY OP FERDINAND
TREATY OF BARCELONA
ITS IMPORTANCE TO SPAIN
ALARM AT THE FRENCH INVASION, IN ITALY
IN EUROPE, ESPECIALLY SPAIN
PREPARATIONS OF CHARLES
AN ENVOY SENT TO THE FRENCH COURT
ANNOUNCES FERDINAND'S VIEWS
CHARLES'S DISSATISFACTION
THE FRENCH CROSS THE ALPS
ITALIAN TACTICS
THE SWISS INFANTRY
FRENCH ARTILLERY
SFORZA JEALOUS OF THE FRENCH
THE POPE CONFERS THE TITLE OF CATHOLIC
NAVAL PREPARATIONS IN SPAIN
SECOND MISSION TO CHARLES VIII
BOLD CONDUCT OF THE ENVOYS
THE KING OF NAPLES FLIES TO SICILY
THE FRENCH ENTER NAPLES
GENERAL HOSTILITY TO THEM
LEAGUE OF VENICE
ZURITA'S LIFE AND WRITINGS

CHAPTER II.
ITALIAN WARS.--RETREAT OF CHARLES VIII.--CAMPAIGNS OF GONSALVO DE
CORDOVA.--FINAL EXPULSION OF THE FRENCH.
CONDUCT OF CHARLES
PLUNDERS THE WORKS OF ART
RETREAT OF THE FRENCH GONSALVO DE CORDOVA
HIS EARLY LIFE
HIS BRILLIANT QUALITIES
RAISED TO THE ITALIAN COMMAND
ARRIVES IN ITALY
LANDS IN CALABRIA
MARCHES ON SEMINARA
GONSALVO'S PRUDENCE
BATTLE OF SEMINARA
DEFEAT OF THE NEAPOLITANS
GONSALVO RETREATS TO REGGIO
FERDINAND RECOVERS HIS CAPITAL
GONSALVO IN CALABRIA
HIS SUCCESSES
DECLINE OF THE FRENCH
BESIEGED IN ATELLA
GONSALVO SURPRISES LAINO
ARRIVES BEFORE ATELLA
RECEIVES THE TITLE OF GREAT CAPTAIN
BEATS A DETACHMENT OF SWISS
CAPITULATION OF MONTPENSIER
MISERABLE STATE OF THE FRENCH
DEATH OF FERDINAND OF NAPLES
ACCESSION OF FREDERIC II
TOTAL EXPULSION OF THE FRENCH
REMARKS ON GUICCIARDINI AND GIOVIO
SISMONDI

CHAPTER III.
ITALIAN WARS.--GONSALVO SUCCORS THE POPE.--TREATY WITH FRANCE.--
ORGANIZATION OF THE SPANISH MILITIA.
WAR ON THE SIDE OF ROUSSILLON
THE POPE ASKS THE AID OF GONSALVO
STORMING AND CAPTURE OF OSTIA
GONSALVO ENTERS ROME
HIS RECEPTION BY THE POPE
RETURNS TO SPAIN
PEACE WITH FRANCE
FERDINAND'S VIEWS RESPECTING NAPLES
HIS FAME ACQUIRED BY THE WAR
INFLUENCE OF THE WAR ON SPAIN
ORGANIZATION OF THE MILITIA

CHAPTER IV.
ALLIANCES OF THE ROYAL FAMILY.--DEATH OF PRINCE JOHN AND PRINCESS
ISABELLA.
ROYAL FAMILY OF CASTILE
JOANNA BELTRANEJA
MARRIAGE OF THE PRINCESS ISABELLA
DEATH OF HER HUSBAND
ALLIANCES WITH THE HOUSE OF AUSTRIA
AND THAT OF ENGLAND
JOANNA EMBARKS
THE QUEEN'S ANXIETY
MARGARET OF AUSTRIA
RETURNS IN THE FLEET
MARRIAGE OF JOHN AND MARGARET
SECOND MARRIAGE OF PRINCESS ISABELLA
SUDDEN ILLNESS OF PRINCE JOHN
HIS DEATH
HIS AMIABLE CHARACTER
THE KING AND QUEEN OF PORTUGAL VISIT SPAIN
OBJECTIONS TO THEIR RECOGNITION
ISABELLA DISPLEASED
HER DAUGHTER'S DEATH
ITS EFFECTS ON ISABELLA
PRINCE MIGUEL'S RECOGNITION

CHAPTER V.
DEATH OF CARDINAL MENDOZA.--RISE OF XIMENES.--ECCLESIASTICAL REFORM.
DEATH OF MENDOZA
HIS EARLY LIFE
AND CHARACTER
HIS AMOURS
THE QUEEN HIS EXECUTOR
BIRTH OF XIMENES
HE VISITS ROME
HIS RETURN AND IMPRISONMENT
ESTABLISHED AT SIGUENZA
ENTERS THE FRANCISCAN ORDER
HIS SEVERE PENANCE
HIS ASCETIC LIFE
HE IS MADE GUARDIAN OF SALZEDA
INTRODUCED TO THE QUEEN
MADE HER CONFESSOR
ELECTED PROVINCIAL
CORRUPTION OF THE MONASTERIES
ATTEMPTS AT REFORM
SEE OF TOLEDO VACANT
OFFERED TO XIMENES
HE RELUCTANTLY ACCEPTS
CHARACTERISTIC ANECDOTES OF XIMENES
HIS AUSTERE LIFE
REFORM IN HIS DIOCESE
EXAMPLE OF HIS SEVERITY
REFORM OF THE MONASTIC ORDERS
GREAT EXCITEMENT CAUSED BY IT
VISIT OF THE FRANCISCAN GENERAL
INSULTS THE QUEEN
THE POPE'S INTERFERENCE
CONSENTS TO THE REFORM
ITS OPERATION AND EFFECTS
ALVARO GOMEZ, AND BIOGRAPHERS OF XIMENES

CHAPTER VI.
XIMENES IN GRANADA.--PERSECUTION, INSURRECTION, AND CONVERSION OF THE
MOORS.
INTRODUCTORY REMARKS
XIMENES, HIS CONSTANCY OF PURPOSE
TRANQUIL STATE OF GRANADA
TENDILLA
TALAVERA
ARCHBISHOP OF GRANADA
HIS MILD POLICY
THE CLERGY DISSATISFIED WITH IT
TEMPERATE SWAY OF THE SOVEREIGNS
XIMENES IN GRANADA
HIS VIOLENT MEASURES
DESTROYS ARABIC BOOKS
MISCHIEVOUS EFFECTS
REVOLT OF THE ALBAYCIN
XIMENES BESIEGED IN HIS PALACE
THE INSURGENTS APPEASED BY TALAVERA
DISPLEASURE OF THE SOVEREIGNS
XIMENES HASTENS TO COURT
CONVERSION OP GRANADA
APPLAUDED BY THE SPANIARDS

CHAPTER VII.
RISING IN THE ALPUXARRAS.--DEATH OF ALONSO DE AGUILAR.--EDICT AGAINST
THE MOORS.
THE ALPUXARRAS
RISING OF THE MOORS
HUEJA SACKED
FERDINAND MARCHES INTO THE MOUNTAINS
CARRIES LANJARON
PUNISHMENT OF THE REBELS
REVOLT OF THE SIERRA VERMEJA
RENDEZVOUS AT RONDA
EXPEDITION INTO THE SIERRA
THE MOORS RETREAT UP THE MOUNTAINS
RETURN ON THE SPANIARDS
ALONSO DE AGUILAR
HIS GALLANTRY AND DEATH
HIS NOBLE CHARACTER
BLOODY ROUT OF THE SPANIARDS
DISMAY OF THE NATION
THE REBELS SUBMIT TO FERDINAND
BANISHMENT OR CONVERSION
COMMEMORATIVE BALLADS
MELANCHOLY REMINISCENCES
EDICT AGAINST THE MOORS OF CASTILE
CHRISTIANITY AND MAHOMETANISM
CAUSES OF INTOLERANCE
AGGRAVATED IN THE FIFTEENTH CENTURY
EFFECTS OF THE INQUISITION
DEFECTS OF THE TREATY OF GRANADA
EVASION OF IT BY THE CHRISTIANS
PRIESTLY CASUISTRY
LAST NOTICE OF THE MOORS IN THE PRESENT REIGN

CHAPTER VIII.
COLUMBUS.--PROSECUTION OF DISCOVERY.--HIS TREATMENT BY THE COURT.
PROGRESS OF DISCOVERY
MISCONDUCT OF THE COLONISTS
COMPLAINTS AGAINST COLUMBUS
HIS SECOND RETURN
THE QUEEN'S CONFIDENCE IN HIM UNSHAKEN
HONORS CONFERRED ON HIM
HIS THIRD VOYAGE
DISCOVERS TERRA FIRMA
MUTINY IN THE COLONY
LOUD COMPLAINTS AGAINST COLUMBUS
BIGOTED VIEWS IN REGARD TO THE HEATHEN
MORE LIBERAL SENTIMENTS OF ISABELLA
SHE SENDS BACK THE INDIAN SLAVES
AUTHORITY TO BOBADILLA
OUTRAGE ON COLUMBUS
DEEP REGRET OF THE SOVEREIGNS
RECEPTION OF COLUMBUS
VINDICATION OF THE SOVEREIGNS
COMMISSION TO OVANDO
GROUNDLESS IMPUTATIONS ON THE GOVERNMENT
THE ADMIRAL'S DESPONDENCY
HIS FOURTH AND LAST VOYAGE
REMARKABLE FATE OF HIS ENEMIES

CHAPTER IX.
SPANISH COLONIAL POLICY.
CAREFUL PROVISION FOR THE COLONIES
LIBERAL GRANTS
LICENSE FOR PRIVATE VOYAGES
THEIR SUCCESS
INDIAN DEPARTMENT
CASA DE CONTRATACION
IMPORTANT PAPAL CONCESSIONS
SPIRIT OF THE COLONIAL LEGISLATION
THE QUEEN'S ZEAL FOB CONVERTING THE NATIVES
UNHAPPILY DEFEATED
IMMEDIATE PROFITS FROM THE DISCOVERIES
ORIGIN OF THE VENEREAL DISEASE
MORAL CONSEQUENCES OP THE DISCOVERIES
THEIR GEOGRAPHICAL EXTENT
HISTORIANS OF THE NEW WORLD
PETER MARTYR
HERRERA AND MUÑOZ

PART FIRST. [CONTINUED.]