Chapter XIX: Act V (1)

=5. 1. 28 Tyborne.= This celebrated gallows stood, it is believed, on the site of Connaught Place. It derived the name from a brook in the neighborhood (see Minsheu, Stow, etc.).

=5. 1. 29 My L. Majors Banqueting-house.= This was in Stratford Place, Oxford Street. It was ‘erected for the Mayor and Corporation to dine in after their periodical visits to the Bayswater and Paddington Conduits, and the Conduit-head adjacent to the Banqueting-House, which supplied the city with water. It was taken down in 1737, and the cisterns arched over at the same time.’--Wh-C.

Stow (ed. 1633, pp. 475-6) speaks of ‘many faire Summer houses’ in the London suburbs, built ‘not so much for use and profit, as for shew and pleasure.’

The spelling _Major_ seems to be a Latin form. Mr. Charles Jackson (_N. & Q._ 4. 7. 176) mentions it as frequently used by the mayors of Doncaster in former days. Cf. also Glapthorne (_Wks._ 1. 231) and _Ev. Man in_ (Folio 1616, 5. 5. 41).

=5. 1. 41 my tooth-picks.= See note 4. 2. 26.

=5. 1. 47 Saint Giles’es.= ‘Now, without the postern of Cripplesgate, first is the parish church of Saint Giles, a very fair and large church, lately repaired, after that the same was burnt in the year 1545.’--Stow, _Survey_, ed. Thoms, p. 112.

=5. 1. 48 A kind of Irish penance!= ‘There is the same allusion to the _rug gowns_ of the wild Irish, in the _Night Walker_ of Fletcher:

We have divided the sexton’s household stuff
Among us; one has the _rug_, and he’s turn’d _Irish_.’--G.

Cf. also Holinshed, _Chron._ (quoted _CD._):‘As they distill the best aqua-vitæ, so they spin the choicest _rug_ in Ireland.’ Fynes Moryson (_Itinerary_, fol. 1617, p. 160) says that the Irish merchants were forbidden to export their wool, in order that the peasants might ‘be nourished by working it into cloth, namely, Rugs ... & mantles generally worn by men and women, and exported in great quantity.’

Jonson mentions rug as an article of apparel several times. In _Alch._, _Wks._ 4. 14, it is spoken of as the dress of a poor man and _ibid._ 4. 83 as that of an astrologer. In _Ev. Man out_ (_Wks._ 2. 110) a similar reference is made, and here Gifford explains that rug was ‘the usual dress of mathematicians, astrologers, &c., when engaged in their sublime speculations.’ Marston also speaks of rug gowns as the symbol of a strict life (_What You Will_, _Wks._ 2. 395):

Lamp-oil, watch-candles, rug-gowns, and small juice,
Thin commons, four o’clock rising,--I renounce you all.

=5. 2. 1 ff. put me To yoaking foxes,= etc. Several at least of the following employments are derived from proverbial expressions familiar at the time. Jonson speaks of ‘milking he-goats’ in _Timber,_ ed. Schelling, p. 34, which the editor explains as ‘a proverbial expression for a fruitless task.’ The occupation of lines 5-6 is adapted from a popular proverb given by Cotgrave: ‘J’aymeroy autant tirer vn pet d’un Asne mort, que. I would as soone vndertake to get a fart of a dead man, as &c.’ Under _Asne_ he explains the same proverb as meaning ‘to worke impossibilities.’ This explains the passage in _Staple of News_ 3. 1., _Wks._ 5. 226. The proverb is quoted again in _Eastward Ho_, Marston, _Wks._ 3. 90, and in Wm. Lilly’s Observations,’ _Hist._, pp. 269-70. ‘Making ropes of sand’ was Iniquity’s occupation in 1. 1. 119. This familiar proverb first appears in Aristides 2. 309: ἑκ ψάμμου σχοινίον πλέκειν. In the _New Inn_, _Wks._ 5. 394, Lovel says: ‘I will go catch the wind first in a sieve.’ Whalley says that the occupation of ‘keeping fleas within a circle’ is taken from Socrates’ employment in the _Clouds_ of Aristophanes (ll. 144-5). Gifford, however, ridicules the notion. Jonson refers to the passage in the _Clouds_ in _Timber_ (ed. Schelling, 82. 33), where he thinks it would have made the Greeks merry to see Socrates ‘measure how many foot a flea could skip geometrically.’ But here again we seem to have a proverbial expression. It occurs in the morality-play of _Nature_, 642. II (quoted by Cushman, p. 116):

I had leiver keep as many flese,
Or wyld hares in an opyn lese,
As undertake that.

=5. 2. 32.= Scan:

And three/ pence. ͝/ Give me/ an an/swer. Sir.

Thos. Keightley, _N. & Q._ 4. 2. 603, suggests:

And your threepence, etc.

=5. 2. 35 Your best songs Thom. O’ Bet’lem.= ‘A song entitled “Mad Tom” is to be found in Percy’s _Reliques_; Ballad Soc. Roxb. Ball., 2. p. 259; and Chappell’s _Old Pop. Mus._ The exact date of the poem is not known.’--H. R. D. Anders, _Shakespeare’s Books_, p. 24-5.

Bethlehem Royal Hospital was originally founded ‘to have been a priory of canons,’ but was converted to a hospital for lunatics in 1547. In Jonson’s time it was one of the regular sights of London, and is so referred to in Dekker’s _Northward Hoe_, _Wks._ 3. 56 f.; _Sil. Wom._, _Wks._ 3. 421; _Alch._, _Wks._ 4. 132.

=5. 3. 6 little Darrels tricks.= John Darrel (fl. 1562-1602) was born, it is believed, at Mansfield, Nottinghamshire, about 1562. He graduated at Cambridge, studied law, and then became a preacher at Mansfield. He began to figure as an exorcist in 1586, when he pretended to cast out an evil spirit from Catherine Wright of Ridgway Lane, Derbyshire. In 1596 he exorcised Thomas Darling, a boy of fourteen, of Burton-on-Trent, for bewitching whom Alice Goodrich was tried and convicted at Derby. A history of the case was written by Jesse Bee of Burton (Harsnet, _Discovery_, p. 2). The boy Darling went to Merton College, and in 1603 was sentenced by the Star-chamber to be whipped, and to lose his ears for libelling the vice-chancellor of Oxford. In March, 1596-7, Darrel was sent for to Clayworth Hall, Shakerly, in Leigh parish, Lancashire, where he exorcised seven persons of the household of Mr. Nicholas Starkie, who accused one Edmund Hartley of bewitching them, and succeeded in getting the latter condemned and executed in 1597. In November, 1597, Darrel was invited to Nottingham to dispossess William Somers, an apprentice, and shortly after his arrival was appointed preacher of St. Mary’s in that town, and his fame drew crowded congregations to listen to his tales of devils and possession. Darrel’s operations having been reported to the Archbishop of York, a commission of inquiry was issued (March 1597-8), and he was prohibited from preaching. Subsequently the case was investigated by Bancroft, bishop of London, and S. Harsnet, his chaplain, when Somers, Catherine Wright, and Mary Cooper confessed that they had been instructed in their simulations by Darrel. He was brought before the commissioners and examined at Lambeth on 26 May 1599, was pronounced an impostor, degraded from the ministry and committed to the Gatehouse. He remained in prison for at least a year, but it is not known what became of him. (Abridged from _DNB._)

Jonson refers to Darrel again in _U._ 67, _Wks._ 8. 422:

This age will lend no faith to Darrel’s deed.

=5. 3. 27 That could, pitty her selfe.= See variants.

=5. 3. 28 in Potentiâ.= Jonson uses the phrase again in the _Alchemist_, _Wks._ 4. 64: ‘The egg’s ... a chicken _in potentia_.’ It is a late Latin phrase. See Gloss.

=5. 4. 17 my proiect o’ the forkes.= Forks were just being introduced into England at this time, and were a common subject of satire. The first mention of a fork recorded in the _NED._ is: ‘1463 _Bury Wills_ (Camden) 40, I beqwethe to Davn John Kertelynge my silvir forke for grene gyngour.’

Cf. Dekker, _Guls Horne-booke_, _Non-dram. Wks._ 2. 211: ‘Oh golden world, the suspicious Venecian carued not his meate with a siluer pitch-forke.’ B. & Fl., _Queen of Corinth_ 4. 1 (quoted by Gifford):

It doth express th’ enamoured courtier,
As full as your fork-carving traveler.

_Fox_, _Wks._ 3. 261:

--Then must you learn the use
And handling of your silver fork at meals,
The metal of your glass; (these are main matters
With your Italian;)

Coryat has much to say on the subject (_Crudities_ 1. 106): ‘I obserued a custome in all those Italian Cities and Townes through the which I passed, that is not vsed in any other country that I saw in my trauels, neither doe I thinke that any other nation of Christendome doth vse it, but only Italy. The Italian and also most strangers that are commorant in Italy, doe alwaies in their meales vse a little forke when they cut their meate. For while with their knife which they hold in one hand they cut the meate out of the dish, they fasten their forke which they hold in their other hand vpon the same dish, so that whatsoeuer he be that sitting in the company of any others at meale, should vnadvisedly touch the dish of meate with his fingers from which all at the table doe cut, he will giue occasion of offence vnto the company, as hauing transgressed the lawes of good manners.... This forme of feeding I vnderstand is generally vsed in all places of Italy, their forkes being for the most part made of yron or steele, and some of siluer, but those are vsed only by Gentlemen.’ Coryat carried this custom home with him to England, for which a friend dubbed him _furcifer_. This passage is doubtless the source of Jonson’s lines. Compare the last sentence of the quotation with lines 30, 31 of this scene.

=5. 4. 23, 4 on my priuate, By cause.= See variants. There is no necessity for change. Cf. 1616 Sir R. Dudley in _Fortesc. Papers_ 17: ‘Nor am I so vaine ... bycause I am not worth so much.’ The same form occurs in _Sad Shepherd_ (Fol. 1631-40, p. 143):

But, beare yee Douce, bycause, yee may meet mee.

Gabriel Harvey uses both the forms _by cause_ and _bycause_. _Prose Wks_. 1. 101; 102; et frequenter.

=5. 4. 34 at mine owne ap-perill.= The word is of rare occurrence. Gifford quotes _Timon of Athens_ 1. 2: ‘Let me stay at thine apperil, Timon;’ and refers to _Mag. La._, _Wks._ 6. 109: ‘Faith, I will bail him at mine own apperil.’ It occurs again in _Tale Tub_, _Wks._ 6. 148: ‘As you will answer it at your apperil.’

=5. 5. 10, 11 I will leaue you To your God fathers in Law.= ‘This seems to have been a standing joke for a jury. It is used by Shakespeare and by writers prior to him. Thus Bulleyn, speaking of a knavish ostler, says, “I did see him ones aske blessyng to xii godfathers at ones.” _Dialogue_, 1564.’--G.

The passage from Shakespeare is _Merch. of Ven._ 4. 1. 398:

In christening, shalt thou have two godfathers:
Had I been judge, thou should’st have had ten more,
To bring thee to the gallows, not the font.

Cf. also _Muse’s Looking Glass_, _O. Pl._ 9. 214: ‘Boets! I had rather zee him remitted to the jail, and have his twelve godvathers, good men and true contemn him to the gallows.’

=5. 5. 50, 51 A Boy O’ thirteene yeere old made him an Asse= =But t’toher day.= Whalley believed this to be an allusion to the ‘boy of Bilson,’ but, as Gifford points out, this case did not occur until 1620, four years after the production of the present play. Gifford believes Thomas Harrison, the ‘boy of Norwich,’ to be alluded to. A short account of his case is given in Hutchinson’s _Impostures Detected_, pp. 262 f. The affair took place in 1603 or 1604, and it was thought necessary to ‘require the Parents of the said Child, that they suffer not any to repair to their House to visit him, save such as are in Authority and other Persons of special Regard, and known Discretion.’ Hutchinson says that Harrison was twelve years old. It is quite possible, though not probable, that Jonson is referring again to the Boy of Burton, who was only two years older. See note 5. 3. 6.

=5. 5. 58, 59 You had some straine ‘Boue E-la?= Cf. 1593 Nash, _Christ’s Tears_, _Wks._ 4. 188: ‘You must straine your wits an Ela aboue theyrs.’ Cf. also Nash, _Wks._ 5. 98 and 253; Lyly, _Euphues_, Aij; and Gloss.

=5. 6. 1 your garnish.= ‘This word _garnish_ has been made familiar to all time by the writings of John Howard. “A cruel custom,” says he, “obtains in most of our gaols, which is that of the prisoners demanding of a newcomer _garnish_, footing, or (as it is called in some London gaols) chummage. _Pay_ or _strip_ are the fatal words. I say fatal, for they are so to some, who, having no money, are obliged to give up part of their scanty apparel; and if they have no bedding or straw to sleep on, contract diseases which I have known to prove mortal.”’--C.

Cf. Dekker, _If this be not a good Play_, _Wks._ 3. 324:

Tis a strong charme gainst all the noisome smels
Of Counters, Iaylors, garnishes, and such hels.

and Greene, _Upstart Courtier_, Dija: ‘Let a poore man be arrested ... he shal be almost at an angels charge, what with garnish, crossing and wiping out of the book ... extortions ... not allowed by any statute.’

The money here seems to have been intended for the jailer, rather than for Pug’s fellow-prisoners. The custom was abolished by 4 George IV. c. 43, § 12.

=5. 6. 10 I thinke Time be drunke, and sleepes.= Cf. 1. 4. 31. For the metaphor cf. _New Inn_, _Wks._ 5. 393:

If I but knew what drink the time now loved.

and _Staple of News_, _Wks._ 5. 162:

--Now sleep, and rest;
Would thou couldst make the time to do so too.

=5. 6. 18 confute.= ‘A pure Latinism. _Confutare_ is properly to pour cold water in a pot, to prevent it from boiling over; and hence metaphorically, the signification of _confuting_, reproving, or controuling.’--W.

For the present use cf. T. Adams in Spurgeon, _Treas. Dav._, 1614, Ps. lxxx. 20: ‘Goliath ... shall be confuted with a pebble.’ R. Coke, _Justice Vind._ (1660) 15: ‘to be confuted with clubs and hissing.’

=5. 6. 21 the Session.= The general or quarter sessions were held regularly four times a year on certain days prescribed by the statutes. The length of time for holding the sessions was fixed at three days, if necessity required it, but the rule was not strictly adhered to. See Beard, _The Office of the Justice of the Peace in England_, pp. 158 f.

=5. 6. 23 In a cart, to be hang’d.= ‘Theft and robbery in their coarsest form were for many centuries capital crimes.... The question when theft was first made a capital crime is obscure, but it is certain that at every period some thefts were punished with death, and that by Edward I.’s time, at least, the distinction between grand and petty larceny, which lasted till 1827, was fully established.’--Stephen, _Hist. Crim. Law_ 3. 128 f.

=5. 6. 24 The charriot of Triumph, which most of them are.= The procession from Newgate by Holbom and Tyburn road was in truth often a ‘triumphall egression,’ and a popular criminal like Jack Sheppard or Jonathan Wild frequently had a large attendance. Cf. Shirley, _Wedding_ 4. 3, _Wks._, ed. Gifford, 1. 425: ‘Now I’m in the cart, riding up Holborn in a two-wheeled chariot, with a guard of Halberdiers. _There goes a proper fellow_, says one; good people pray for me: now I am at the three wooden stilts,’ etc.

=5. 6. 48 a body intire.= Jonson uses the word in its strict etymological sense.

=5. 6. 54 cheated on.= Dyce (_Remarks_) points out that this phrase is used in Mrs. Centlivre’s _Wonder_, Act 2. Sc. 1. Jonson uses it again in _Mercury vindicated_: ‘and cheat upon your under-officers;’ and Marston in _What You Will_, _Wks._ 2. 387.

=5. 6. 64 Prouinciall o’ the Cheaters!= _Provincial_ is a term borrowed from the church. See Gloss. Of the _cheaters_ Dekker gives an interesting account in the _Bel-man of London_, _Non-dram. Wks._ 3. 116 f.: ‘Of all which _Lawes_, the _Highest_ in place, and the _Highest_ in perdition is the _Cheating_ Law or the Art of winning money by false dyce: Those that practise this studie call themselues _Cheators_, / the dyce _Cheaters_, and the money which they purchase [see note 3.4.31, 2.] _Cheates_ [see 1.7.4 and Gloss.]: borrowing the tearme from our common Lawyers, with whome all such casuals as fall to the Lord at the holding of his _Leetes_, as _Waifes_, _Strayes_, & such like, are sayd to be _Escheated to the Lords vse_ and are called _Cheates_.’

=5. 6. 64 Bawd-ledger.= Jonson speaks of a similar official in _Every Man out_, _Wks._ 2. 132: ‘He’s a leiger at Horn’s ordinary (cant name for a bawdy-house) yonder.’ See Gloss.

=5. 6. 68 to sindge your nayles off.= In the fool’s song in _Twelfth Night_ we have the exclamation to the devil: ‘paire thy nayles dad’ (Furness’s ed., p. 273). The editor quotes Malone: ‘The Devil was supposed from choice to keep his nails unpared, and therefore to pare them was an affront. So, in Camden’s _Remaines_, 1615: “I will follow mine owne minde, and mine old trade; who shall let me? the divel’s nailes are unparde.”’

Compare also _Henry V._ 4. 4. 76: ‘Bardolph and Nym had ten times more valor than this roaring devil i’ the old play, that every one may pare his nails with a wooden dagger.’

=5. 6. 76 The Diuell was wont to carry away the euill.= Eckhardt, p. 100, points out that Jonson’s etymology of the word _Vice_, which has been a matter of dispute, was the generally accepted one, that is, from _vice_ = evil.

=5. 7. 1 Iustice Hall.= ‘The name of the Sessions-house in the Old Bailey.’--G. Strype, B. 3. p. 281 says that it was ‘a fair and stately building, very commodious for that affair.’ ‘It standeth backwards, so that it hath no front towards the street, only the gateway leading into the yard before the House, which is spacious. It cost above £6000 the building. And in this place the Lord Mayor, Recorder, the Aldermen and Justices of the Peace for the County of Middlesex do sit, and keep his Majesty’s Sessions of Oyer and Terminer.’ It was destroyed in the Gordon Riots of 1780.--Wh-C.

=5. 7. 9 This strange!= See variants. The change seriously injures the metre, and the original reading should be preserved. Such absorptions (_this_ for _this is_ or _this’s_) are not uncommon. Cf. _Macbeth_ 3. 4. 17, ed. Furness, p. 165: ‘yet he’s good’ for ‘yet he is as good.’

=5. 8. 2 They had giu’n him potions.= Jonson perhaps had in mind the trial of Anne Turner and her accomplices in the Overbury Case of the previous year. See Introduction, p. lxxii. For a discussion of love-philtres see Burton, _Anat. of Mel._ (ed. Bullen), 3. 145 f.

=5. 8. 33 with a Wanion.= This word is found only in the phrases ‘with a wanion,’ ‘in a wanion,’ and ‘wanions on you.’ It is a kind of petty imprecation, and occurs rather frequently in the dramatists, but its precise signification and etymology are still in doubt. Boswell, _Malone_, 21. 61, proposed a derivation from _winnowing_,‘a beating;’ Nares from _wanung_, Saxon, ‘detriment;’ Dyce (Ford’s _Wks._ 2. 291) from wan (vaande, Dutch, ‘a rod or wand’), ‘of which _wannie_ and _wannion_ are familiar diminutives.’ The _CD._ makes it a later form of ME. _waniand_, ‘a waning,’ spec. of the moon, regarded as implying ill luck.

=5. 8. 34 If his hornes be forth, the Diuells companion!= The jest is too obvious not to be a common one. Thus in _Eastward Ho_ Slitgut, who is impersonating the cuckold at Horn-fair, says: ‘Slight! I think the devil be abroad. in likeness of a storm, to rob me of my horns!’,--Marston’s _Wks._ 3. 72. Cf. also _Staple of News_, _Wks._ 5. 186: ‘And why would you so fain see the devil? would I say. Because he has horns, wife, and may be a cuckold as well as a devil.’

=5. 8. 35 How he foames!= For the stock indications of witchcraft see Introduction, p. xlix.

=5. 8. 40 The Cockscomb, and the Couerlet.= Wittipol is evidently selecting an appropriate name for Fitzdottrel’s buffoonery after the manner of the puppet-shows. It is quite possible that some actual _motion_ of the day was styled ‘the Coxcomb and the Coverlet.’

=5. 8. 50 shee puts in a pinne.= Pricking with pins and needles was one of the devil’s regular ways of tormenting bewitched persons. They were often supposed to vomit these articles. So when Voltore feigns possession, Volpone cries out: ‘See! He vomits crooked pins’ (_The Fox_, _Wks._ 3. 312).

=5. 8. 61 the Kings Constable.= ‘From the earliest times to our own days, there were two bodies of police in England, namely, the parish and high constables, and the watchmen in cities and boroughs. Nothing could exceed their inefficiency in the 17th century. Of the constables, Dalton (in the reign of James I.) observes that they “are often absent from their houses, being for the most part husbandmen.” The charge of Dogberry shows probably with no great caricature what sort of watchmen Shakespeare was familiar with. As late as 1796, Colquhoun observes that the watchmen “were aged and often superannuated men.” ’--Sir J. Stephen, _Hist. Crim. Law_ 1. 194 f.

=5. 8. 71 The taking of Tabacco, with which the Diuell=

=Is so delighted.= This was an old joke of the time. In Middleton’s _Black Book_, _Wks._ 8. 42 f. the devil makes his will, a part of which reads as follows: ‘But turning my legacy to you-ward, Barnaby Burning-glass, arch-tobacco-taker of England, in ordinaries, upon stages both common and private, and lastly, in the lodging of your drab and mistress; I am not a little proud, I can tell you, Barnaby, that you dance after my pipe so long, and for all counter-blasts and tobacco-Nashes (which some call railers), you are not blown away, nor your fiery thirst quenched with the small penny-ale of their contradictions, but still suck that dug of damnation with a long nipple, still burning that rare Phoenix of Phlegethon, tobacco, that from her ashes, burned and knocked out, may arise another pipeful.’

Middleton here refers to Nash’s _Pierce Pennilesse_ and King James I.’s _Counterblast to Tobacco_. The former in his supplication to the devil says: ‘It is suspected you have been a great _tobacco_-taker in your youth.’ King James describes it as ‘a custom loathsome to the eye, hateful to the nose, harmful to the brain, dangerous to the lungs, and in the black stinking fume thereof, nearest resembling the horrid stygian smoke of the pit that is bottomless.’

The dramatists seem never to grow tired of this joking allusion to the devil and his pipe of tobacco. Cf. Dekker, _If this be not a good Play_, _Wks._ 3. 293: ‘I think the Diuell is sucking Tabaccho, heeres such a Mist.’ _Ibid._ 327: ‘Are there gentleman diuels too? this is one of those, who studies the black Art, thats to say, drinkes Tobacco.’ Massinger, _Guardian_, _Wks._, p. 344:

--You shall fry first
For a rotten piece of touchwood, and give fire
To the great fiend’s nostrils, when he smokes tobacco!

Dekker (_Non-dram. Wks._ 2. 89) speaks of ‘that great _Tobacconist_ the Prince of Smoake & darknes, _Don Pluto_.’

The art of _taking_ or _drinking_ tobacco was much cultivated and had its regular professors. The _whiff_, the _ring_, etc., are often spoken of. For the general subject see Dekker, _Guls Horne-booke_; Barnaby Riche, _Honestie of this Age_, 1613; Harrison, _Chronology_, 1573; _Every Man in_, etc. An excellent description of a tobacconist’s shop is given in _Alchemist_, _Wks._ 4. 37. For a historical account of its introduction see Wheatley. _Ev. Man in_, p. xlvii.

Jonson’s form _tabacco_ is the same as the Italian and Portuguese. See Alden, _Bart. Fair_, p. 169.

=5. 8. 74, 5 yellow=, etc. =That’s Starch! the Diuell’s Idoll of that colour.= For the general subject of yellow starch see note 1. 1. 112, 3. Compare also Stubbes, _Anat. of Abuses_, p. 52: ‘The deuil, as he in the fulness of his malice, first inuented these great ruffes, so hath hee now found out also two great stayes to beare vp and maintaine this his kingdome of great ruffes.... The one arch or piller whereby his kingdome of great ruffes is vnderpropped, is a certaine kinde of liquide matter which they call _starch_, wherein the devil hath willed them to wash and diue his ruffes wel.’

‘Starch hound’ and ‘Tobacco spawling (spitting)’ are the names of two devils in Dekker’s _If this be not a good Play_, _Wks._ 3. 270. Jonson speaks of ‘that idol starch’ again in the _Alchemist_, _Wks._ 4. 92.

=5. 8. 78 He is the Master of Players.= An evident allusion to the Puritan attacks on the stage. This was the period of the renewed literary contest. George Wither had lately published his _Abuses stript and whipt_, 1613. For the whole subject see Thompson, E. N. S., _The Controversy between the Puritans and the Stage_, New York, 1903.

=5. 8. 81 Figgum.= ‘In some of our old dictionaries, _fid_ is explained to caulk with oakum: figgum, or fig’em, may therefore be a vulgar derivative from this term, and signify the lighted flax or tow with which jugglers stuff their mouths when they prepare to amuse the rustics by breathing out smoke and flames:

--a nut-shell
With tow, and touch-wood in it, to spite fire (5. 3. 4. 5).’
--G.

=5. 8. 86, 7 to such a foole, He makes himselfe.= For the omission of the relative adverb cf. 1. 3. 34, 35.

=5. 8. 89 To come to dinner, in mee the sinner.= The conception of this couplet and the lines which Fitzdottrel speaks below was later elaborated in Cocklorrel’s song in the _Gipsies Metamorphosed_. Pluto in Dekker’s _If this be not a good Play_, _Wks._ 3. 268, says that every devil should have ‘a brace of whores to his breakfast.’ Such ideas seem to be descended from the mediæval allegories of men like Raoul de Houdanc, Ruteboeuf, etc.

=5. 8. 91, 2 Are you phrenticke, Sir, Or what graue dotage moues you.= ‘Dotage, fatuity, or folly, is a common name to all the following species, as some will have it.... _Phrenitis_, which the Greeks derive from the word φρήν, is a disease of the mind, with a continual madness or dotage, which hath an acute fever annexed, or else an inflammation of the brain, or the membranes or kells of it, with an acute fever, which causeth madness and dotage.’--Burton, _Anat. of Mel._, ed. Shilleto, 1. 159-60.

=5. 8. 112 f. Οὶ μοὶ κακοδαίμων=, etc. See variants. ‘This Greek is from the Plutus of Aristophanes, Act 4, Sc. 3.’--W.

Accordingly to Blaydes’s edition, 1886, 11. 850-2. He reads Οἴμοι κακοδαίμων, etc. (Ah! me miserable, and thrice miserable, and four times, and five times, and twelve times, and ten thousand times.)

=5. 8. 116 Quebrémos=, etc. Let’s break his eye in jest.

=5. 8. 118 Di grátia=, etc. If you please, sir, if you have money, give me some of it.

=5. 8. 119 f. Ouy, Ouy Monsieur=, etc. Yes, yes, sir, a poor devil! a poor little devil!

=5. 8. 121 by his seuerall languages.= Cf. Marston, _Malcontent_, _Wks._ 1. 212: ‘_Mal._ Phew! the devil: let him possess thee; he’ll teach thee to speak all languages most readily and strangely.’

=5. 8. 132 Such an infernall stincke=, etc. Dr. Henry More says that the devil’s ‘leaving an ill smell behind him seems to imply the reality of the business’, and that it is due to ‘those adscititious particles he held together in his visible vehicle being loosened at his vanishing’ (see Lowell, _Lit. Essays_ 2. 347).

=5. 8. 133 St. Pulchars Steeple.= St. Sepulchre in the Bailey (occasionally written St. ’Pulcher’s) is a church at the western end of Newgate Street and in the ward of Farringdon Without. A church existed here in the twelfth century. The church which Jonson knew was built in the middle of the fifteenth century. The body of the church was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666.

It was the custom formerly for the clerk or bellman of St. Sepulchre’s to go under Newgate on the night preceding the execution of a criminal, and, ringing his bell, to repeat certain verses, calling the prisoner to repentance. Another curious custom observed at this church was that of presenting a nosegay to every criminal on his way to Tyburn (see Wh-C.). The executed criminals were buried in the churchyard (d. Middleton, _Black Book_, _Wks._ 8. 25).

Cunningham says that ‘the word _steeple_ was not used in the restricted sense to which we now confine it. The _tower_ of St. Sepulchre’s in Jonson’s time, must have been very much like what we now see it as most carefully and tastefully restored.’

=5. 8. 134 as farre as Ware.= This is a distance of about 22 miles. Ware is an ancient market-town of Herts, situated in a valley on the north side of the river Lea. The ‘great bed of Ware’ is mentioned in _Twelfth Night_ 3. 2. 51, and the town is characterized as ‘durty Ware’ in Dekker’s _North-ward Hoe_, _Wks._ 3. 53.

=5. 8. 142, 3 I will tell truth=, etc. Jonson uses this proverb again in _Tale Tub_, _Wks._ 6. 150: ‘tell troth and shame the devil.’

GLOSSARY

This glossary is designed to include obsolete, archaic, dialectal, and rare words; current words used in obsolete, archaic, or exceptional senses; and, so far as practicable, obsolete and archaic phrases. Current words in current uses have occasionally been included to avoid confusion, as well as technical words unfamiliar to the ordinary reader. Favorite words have been treated, for the sake of illustration, with especial fullness.

For most words treated in its volumes published up to March, 1905, Murray’s _New English Dictionary_ is the chief authority. For words not reached by that work the _Century Dictionary_ has been preferred. The _Stanford Dictionary_ has been found especially useful for anglicized words. It has often been necessary to resort to contemporary foreign dictionaries in the case of words of Romance origin.

It has been thought best to refer to all or nearly all important passages. Etymologies are given only in cases of especial interest.

A dagger [ † ] before a word or definition indicates that the word or the particular meaning is obsolete; parallel lines [ || ] before a word, that it has never become naturalized in English; an interrogation point [ ? ], that the case is doubtful.

=A=, _prep._ [Worn down from OE. preposition _an_, _on_.] With _be_: engaged in. _Arch._ or _dial._ 5. 1. 4.

†=A’=, _prep._ Worn down from _of_. 5. 2. 38.

=Aboue=, _adv._ Surpassing in degree; exceedingly. 3. 6. 33.

=Abuse=, _v._ †To impose upon, deceive. 5. 8. 140; 4. 2. 41; 4. 7. 80.

=Academy=, _n._? A school of deportment. 2. 8. 20; 3. 5. 33.

=Access=, _n._ †Approach; advance. 2. 6. 68.

=Accompt=, _n._ [Form of _account_.] A report. 2. 7. 28.

=Accomptant=, †_a._ [Form of _accountant_.] Liable to give an account; accountable. 5. 2. 11.

=Account=, _n._ †Reckoning, consideration. Phr. _make account_: To reckon, consider. 4. 1. 10.

=Acknowledge=, _v._ To recognize a service as (from a person). 4. 3. 19.

=Admire=, _v. †intr._ To feel or express surprise; to wonder. 1. 1. 77.

=Aduise=, _v._ To warn, dissuade †(from a course). 5. 4. 43.

=Aërie=, _a._ [Form of _airy_.] Lively, vivacious. 4. 4. 157. aëry. 3. 5. 13.

=Affection=, _n._ †Mental tendency; disposition. 4. 4. 126.

=Afore=, _prep._ In the presence of. _Arch._ or _dial._ 4. 4. 167; 5. 5. 7.

=Aforehand=, _adv._ _Arch._ In advance. 1. 3. 41.

=After-game=, _n._ ‘_Prop._, a second game played in order to reverse or improve the issues of the first; hence, “The scheme which may be laid or the expedients which are practised after the original game has miscarried; methods taken after the first turn of affairs” (Johnson).’ _NED._ 4. 7. 84.

|| =Alcorça=, _n._ Sp. ‘A conserue.’ Minsheu.

=Alcorea=, _n._ pr. for _Alcorça_, _q. v._ 4. 4. 144.

||=Allum Scagliola=, _n._ It.? Rock alum. 4. 4. 30.

†=Almaine-leape=, _n._ A dancing-leap. 1. 1. 97.

=Almanack-Man=, _n._ †A fortune-teller, foreteller. 1. 7. 25.

||=Almoiauana=, _n._ Sp. ‘A kinde of cheese-cake.’ Minsheu. 4. 4. 143.

=Almond milke=, _n._ ‘CHAMBERS _Cycl. Supp._, _Almond-milk_ is a preparation made of sweet blanched almonds and water, of some use in medicine, as an emollient.’ _NED._ 1. 6. 222.

||=Aluagada=, _n. pr._ same as _Alvayálde_, _q. v._ 4. 4. 27.

||=Aluayalde= or =Albayalde=, _n._ Sp. ‘A white colour to paint womens faces called ceruse.’ Minsheu.

=Ancient=, _a._? Belonging to an old family. 1. 2. 17.

=And=, _conj._ †If. 3. 5. 39. and’. 1. 3. 23. an’. 1. 2. 31.

=Angel=, _n._ ‘An old English gold coin, called more fully at first the ANGEL-NOBLE, being originally a new issue of the Noble, having as its device the archangel Michael standing upon, and piercing the dragon.’ _NED._ Pr. about 10 s. 2. 1. 138.

=Anone=, _adv._ Now again. P. 10.

†=Ap-perill=, _n._ Risk. 5. 4. 34.

||=Aqua nanfa=, _n._ Sp. [Corruption of _acqua nanfa_.] ‘Sweet water smelling of muske and Orenge-leaves.’ Florio. 4. 4. 146.

||=Aqua-vitæ=, _n._ Any form of ardent spirits. 2. 1. 5.

=Arbitrary=, _a._ _Law._ Discretionary; not fixed. 3. 3. 75.

||=Arcana=, _n._ [_Pl._ of L. _a. arcanum_, used _subst._] Secrets, mysteries. 4. 4. 151.

||=Argentata=, _n._ It. ‘A painting for women’s faces.’ Florio. 4. 4. 28.

=Argument=, _n._ Subject-matter of discussion or discourse; theme, subject. _Obs._ or _arch._ 1. 6. 10.

=Arras=, _n._ [Arras, name of a town in Artois, famed for its manufacture of the fabric.] A hanging screen of a rich tapestry fabric formerly placed around the walls of household apartments. 1. 2. 46.

=Art=, _n._ 1. A contrivance. 1. 7. 24. †2. Magic art. 1. 5. 21.

=Artist=, _n._ †A professor of magic arts; an astrologer. 1. 2. 22.

=As=, _conj._ †With finite verb: That. 1. 4. 30; 1. 6. 61; 3. 2. 23.

=As=, _adv._ Phr. _as that_: Even as (in parallel clause, introducing a known circumstance with which a hypothesis is contrasted). 5. 1. 20.

=Assure=, _v._ †To secure. 3. 5. 68.

=At=, _prep._ Upon. 1. 6. 114.

=Atchieue=, _v._ [Form of _achieve_.] †To gain, win (a material acquisition). 3. 5. 67.

=Attemp=, _n._ [Form of _attempt_.] Endeavor to win over. 2. 2. 30.

=Attempt=, _v._ To try to win over, or seduce. _Arch._ 4. 5. 7.

=Audit=, _n._ A statement of account. _Fig._, _arch._ 3. 3. 229.

=Aye=, _adv._ At all times, on all occasions. (Now only _Sc._ and north _dial._) 1. 6. 220.

=Ayre=, _n._ [Form of _air_.] Manner; sort. 2. 7. 21.

=Baffle=, _v._ †To treat with contempt. 4. 7. 73 SN.

=Bag=, _n._ The sac (of the bee) containing honey. 2. 6. 112.

=Bailie=, _n._ [Form of _bailiff_.] An officer of justice under a sheriff; a warrant officer. 3. 3. 38.

=Bane=, _n._ 1. Poison. 2. 7. 18.
†2. As _exclam._ ‘Plague.’ 5. 6. 66.

=Banke=, _n._ †An artificial earthwork, an embankment. 2. 1. 56.

=Bare=, _a._ Bare-headed. _Arch._ 2. 3. 37.

=Bate=, _v._ †1. To deprive (_of_). 4. 1. 56.
†2. To make a reduction (_of_); to deduct. 2. 1. 83; 2. 1. 104.

=Baudy=, 2. 8. 73. See _Bawdy_.

=Bawd-ledger=, _n._ Resident minister to the bawds (a mock title coined by Jonson). 5. 6. 64.

=Bawdry=, _n._ _Arch._ Lewd talk; obscenity. 4. 1. 176.

=Bawdy=, _a._ 1. Lewd. 2. 1. 167. 2. _absol. quasi-sb._ Lewd language, obscenity. 4. 4. 165. baudy. 2. 8. 73.

=Be=, _v. pl._ Are. _Obs._ or _dial._ 2. 8. 63.

=Bed-fellow=, _n._ †Intimate companion. 2. 8. 9.

=Behaue=, _v. †trans._ To manage. 2. 8. 71.

=Benefit=, _n._ Advantage. †Phr. _make benefit of_: To take advantage of. ?_Obs._ 2. 2. 98.

=Beniamin=, _n._ Gum benzoin, an aromatic resin obtained from the _Styrax benzoin_, a tree of Sumatra, Java, and the neighboring islands, used in medicine, perfumery, and chemistry.

||=Beniamin di gotta=, _n._ ?Gum benzoin in drops. See _Beniamin_. 4. 4. 33.

=Bespeake=, _v. trans._ w. _refl._ To engage. 1. 6. 214.

=Bestow=, _v._ To deposit. _Arch._ 3. 2. 9.

=Black-water=, _n._ 3. 3. 179. See_-water_.

=Blanck manger=, _n._ [Form of _blancmange_.] †‘A dish composed usually of fowl, but also of other meat, minced with cream, rice, almonds, sugar, eggs, etc.’ _NED._ 1. 6. 240.

=Blank=, _n._ ‘A small French coin, originally of silver, but afterwards of copper; also a silver coin of Henry V. current in the parts of France then held by the English. According to Littré, the French _blanc_ was worth 5 deniers. The application of the name in the 17th Cen. is uncertain.’ _NED._ 3. 3. 33.

=Blesse=, _v._ †To protect, save (from). 4. 4. 187.

=Blocke=, _n._ A mould. _Spec._ _Brokers blocke_: A mould for clothes in a pawnbroker’s shop. 2. 7. 15.

=Blocke-head=, _n._ †A wooden block for hats or wigs; hence, a blockish or stupid head. 3. 5. 65.

=Board=, _n._ Phr. _tall board_: ?A gaming table. 4. 5. 32. See note.

=Booke=, _n._ †A charter or deed; a written grant of privileges. 3. 3. 67; 3. 3. 79.

||=Borachio=, _n._ _Obs._ ‘A large leather bottle or bag used in Spain for wine or other liquors.’ _NED._ 2. 1. 71.

=Bound=, _ppl. a._ Under obligations of gratitude. 4. 1. 11.

=Bouzy=, _a._ [Form of _bousy_.] Sotted. 5. 6. 25.

=Brach=, _n._ _Arch._ A bitch-hound. 4. 4. 229.

=Braue=, _a._ 1. Finely-dressed. _Arch._ 1. 4. 16; 2. 5. 11.
2. A general epithet of admiration or praise. _Arch._ 1. 2. 52;
2. 6. 75; 3. 4. 12; 4. 6. 29.

†_interj._ 3. Capital! 1. 1. 67.

=Brauery=, _n._ †A fine thing; a matter to boast or be proud of. 3. 6. 47.

=Breake=, _v._ †To speak confidentially (_with_ a person _of_ a thing). 3. 4. 62.

=Bring=, _v._ Phr. _bring up_: ?Augment, increase. 1. 4. 96.

=Bristo-stone=, _n._ ‘A kind of transparent rock-crystal found in the Clifton limestone near Bristol, resembling the diamond in brilliancy.’ _NED._ 3. 3. 173.

=Broker=, _n._ 1. A pawnbroker. 1. 1. 143; 1. 4. 19.
2. With added function of agent or intermediary. 1. 4. 4.

=Brooke=, _v._ †To endure; not to discredit; to be sufficiently appropriate for. 2. 8. 63.

=Buckram=, _a._ A kind of coarse linen or cloth stiffened with gum or paste. 2. 1. 63.

=Bullion=, _n._ †More fully, _bullion-hose_: Trunk-hose, puffed out at the upper part, in several folds. 3. 3. 217.

=Bush=, _n._ A branch of ivy used as vintner’s sign; hence, the sign-board of a tavern. 3. 3. 170.

=Businesse=, _n._ †1. Affectedly used for an ‘affair of
honor,’ a duel. 3. 3. 106.
†2. A misunderstanding, quarrel. 4. 1. 18.

=Busse=, _v._ _Arch._ and _dial._ To kiss. 3. 6. 1.

=Buzz=, _v._ Phr. _buzz at_: 1. To hum about, as an insect.
†2. To whisper to; incite by suggestions. Used quibblingly in
both senses. 2. 7. 4.

†=By cause=, phr. used as _conj._ Because. 5. 4. 24.

=Cabbin=, _n._ †A small room, a boudoir. 1. 6. 238.

=Cabinet=, _n._ A small chamber or room; a boudoir. _Arch._ or _obs._ 4. 4. 152.

=Campheere=, _n._ [Form of _camphor_.] 4. 4. 22.

=Can=, _v. †tr._ To have at one’s command; to be able to supply, devise or suggest (a pregnant use). 3. 6. 39.

=Caract=, _n._ [Form of _carat_. Confused with _caract_ = Character.] †Value, estimate. Phr. _at all caracts_: ‘To the minutest circumstance.’ Gifford. 1. 6. 88.

†=Caravance=, _n._ ‘Name of sundry kinds of peas and small beans.’ _Stanford_.

†=Carrauicins=, _n._ perh.=_caravance_, _q. v._ 4. 4. 45.

=Care=, _v._ To take care. Now only _dial_. 1. 1. 29.

=Carefull=, _a._ Anxious, solicitous. _Arch._ 1. 6. 10.

†=Caroch=, _n._ A coach or chariot of a stately or luxurious kind. 1. 6. 214. Carroch. 4. 2. 11.

=Carry=, _v._ 1. _tr._ To conduct, manage. _Arch._ 3. 5. 53.

?†2. _intr._ To be arranged. 3. 3. 126.

=Case=, _n._ 1. The body (as enclosing the soul, etc.). 5. 6. 39.

2. Condition, supposition. Phr. _in case to_: In a condition or position to; prepared, ready. _Arch._ 4. 7. 85. _Put case_: Suppose. ?_Arch._ 4. 4. 228.

=Cast=, _v._ †1. To estimate. 2. 1. 81. †2. To devise. 2. 8. 42.

=Castle-soape=, _n._ _Obs._ form of _Castile soap_. 5. 3. 3.

||=Cataputia=, _n._ [In Med. L. and It.] ‘The hearbe spurge.’ Florio. 4. 4. 55.

†=Cater=, _n._ ‘A buyer of provisions or “cates”; in large households the officer who made the necessary purchases of provisions.’ _NED._ 1. 3. 13.

=Catholike=, _a._ †Universally efficient. 1. 4. 35.

†=Cause=, _conj._ _Obs._ exc. _dial._ [An elliptic use of the noun for _because_.] Because. 2. 8. 28; 4. 6. 34. Phr. _by cause_. See _By cause_.

†=Cautelous=, _a._ Crafty. 1. 6. 142.

=Caution=, _n._ 1. Security; guarantee. 3. 4. 30; 58.
2. A word of warning. 4. 5. 28.

=Ceruse=, _n._ [White lead.] A paint or cosmetic for the skin; used vaguely. 4. 4. 53.

=Challengee=, _n._ _Rare_ (perh. coined by Jonson). One who is challenged. 3. 3. 141.

=Character=, _n._ A cabalistic or magical sign. 1. 2. 9.

=Charge=, _n._ Expenses; outlay. _Arch._ 2. 1. 49; 1. 6. 172.

=Chartell=, _n._ [Form of _cartel_.] A written challenge. 3. 3. 140.

=Chaw=, _v._ A common by-form of _chew_ in the 16-17th c. 4. 2. 53.

=Cheat=, _n._ †Any product of conquest or robbery; booty, spoil. 1. 7. 4.

=Cheat=, _v._ Phr. _cheat on_: To cheat. 5. 6. 54.

=Cheater=, _n._ †A dishonest gamester; a sharper. 5. 6. 64.

=Check=, _n._ †Reproof, censure. 3. 6. 44.

=Cheese-trencher=, _n._ A wooden plate for holding or cutting cheese. P. 8.

=Christall=, _n._ [Form of _crystal_.] A piece of rock-crystal or similar mineral used in magic art. 1. 2. 6.

†=Cioppino=, _n._ [Italianated form of _chopine_.] A kind of shoe raised above the ground by means of a cork sole or the like; worn about 1600 in Spain and Italy, esp. at Venice, where they were monstrously exaggerated. 3. 4. 13 (see note); 4. 4. 69.

=Cipher=, _n._ A means of conveying secret intelligence: used vaguely. 2. 1. 167·

=Circle=, _n._ 1. An embrace. 1. 4. 94.
2. Sphere (of influence, etc.). 1. 6. 96.
3. A circular figure (of magic). 1. 2. 26.

=Cloake-charge=, _n._ The expense of a cloak (coined by Jonson). 2. 2. 42.

=Cockscomb=, _n._ †A simpleton. 5. 8. 40.

=Cock-stone=, _n._ †A name of the kidney-bean. 1. 1. 53.

=Cog=, _v._ To cheat, esp. at dice or cards. 1. 1. 48.

†=Cokes=, _n._ A simpleton, one easily ‘taken in.’ 2. 2. 104.

=Collect=, _v._ To infer, deduce. _Rare_. 1. 6. 234.

=Come=, _v._ Phr. _come off_: (in imperative as a call of encouragement to action) Come! come along! 3. 5. 27.

=Comming=, _ppl._ _a._ Inclined to make or meet advances. 4. 4. 180.

=Commoner=, _n._ †A member of the general body of a town-council. 2. 1. 42.

=Complement=, _n._ †1. Anything which goes to make up or fully equip.
3. 4. 33.
†2. Polite or ceremonious greetings. 3. 5. 15.

=Complexion=, _n._ †1. The combination of the four ‘humors’
of the body in a certain proportion; ‘temperament.’ 2. 2. 122.
†2. Bodily habit or constitution. 5. 1. 18.
?3. Appearance of the skin. 1. 4. 63 (or perh. as 2).
†4. A coloring preparation, cosmetic. 4. 4. 12.
5. Appearance, aspect (_fig._). 2. 6. 50.

=Comport=, _v._ Phr. _comport with_: †To act in accordance with. 2. 8. 17.

||=Compos mentis=, _a. phr._ [L. f. _com-potis_.] Of sound mind. 5. 3. 12.

=Compter=, _n._ Old spelling of _Counter_. The name of certain city prisons for debtors; esp. the two London Compters. 3. 1. 20 (see note).

=Conceit=, _n._ †1. Idea, device. 2. 8. 23. conceipt.
†2. Personal opinion. 4. 4. 200.
3. Phr. _Out of conceipt_: Out of patience, dissatisfied.
2. 8. 18.

Concerne, _v. †intr._ To be of importance. 3. 3. 113.

Concurrence, _n._ A juncture: a condition: used vaguely. 2. 6. 54.

Conduit-head, _n._ †A structure from which water is distributed or made to issue: a reservoir. 5. 1. 27.

Confine, _v._ Imprison. Const. †_to_. 5. 6. 34.

=Confute=, _v._ To put to silence (by physical means). 5. 6. 18.

=Content=, _a._ †Willing. 1. 1. 133.

=Conuenient=, _a._ †1. Due, proper. 1. 4. 79.
†2. Suitable. 4. 4. 230.

=Conuey=, _v._ To carry from one place to another (†used of small objects and with connotation of secrecy). 2. 1. 164.

=Coozen=, _v._ [Form of _cozen_.] To cheat. 3. 1. 22. cossen. 5. 2. 29.

=Coozener=, _n._ [Form of _cozener_.] Impostor. 5. 8. 148.

||=Coquetta=, _n._ Sp. A small loaf. 4. 4. 143.

=Corn-ground=, _n._ _Arch._ A piece of land used for growing corn; corn-land. 3. 1. 17.

=Cornish=, _a._ Phr. _C. counterfeit_: referring to the ‘Cornish stone’ or ‘diamond.’ a variety of quartz found in Cornwall. 3. 3. 173.

=Cossen=, _v._ 5. 2. 29. See _Coozen_.

=Councell=, _n._ _Obs._ form of _council_. 3. 1. 34; 5. 2. 20.

=Court=, _v._ Phr. _court it_: To play or act the courtier. 3. 4. 56.

=Court-ship=, _n._ †An act of courtesy (used in _pl._) 1. 6. 201.

=Coyle=, _n._ [Form of _coil_.] ?An embarrassing situation; a ‘mess.’ 5. 5. 54.

=Crack=, _v. intr._ To break the musical quality of the voice (used _fig._) 5. 5. 59.

=Cracke=, _n._ †A lively lad; a ‘rogue’ (playfully), a wag. 2. 8. 58.

†=Crambe=, _n._ [Form of _crambo_.] ‘A game in which one player gives a word or line of verse to which each of the others has to find a rime.’ _NED._ 5. 8. 110.

=Creak=, _v._ To exhibit the characteristics of; to betray (a _fig._ use of the _lit._ meaning). 2. 2. 87.

=Credit=, _n._ †1. Authority. 1. 4. 29. †2. Repute. 5. 6. 49.

=Crisped=, _ppl. a._ Closely curled; as applied to trees of uncertain significance. 2. 6. 78 (see note).

=Cunning=, _a._ †Learned; versed in. 2. 4. 12.

=Custard=, _n._ †‘Formerly, a kind of open pie containing pieces of meat or fruit covered with a preparation of broth or milk, thickened with eggs, sweetened, and seasoned with spices, etc.’ _NED._ 1. 1. 97.

=Cutpurse=, _n._ One who steals by cutting purses; hence, a thief. 1. 1. 140.

=Cut-work=, _n._ †1. ‘A kind of openwork embroidery or lace
worn in the latter part of the 16th and in the 17th c.’ _NED._
2. 1. 163; 3. 3. 23.
†2. _attrib._ 1. 1. 128. cut-worke.

=Danger=, _n._ †Mischief, harm. 2. 6. 30.

†=Daw=, _v._ _Rare._ To frighten, torment. 4. 4. 208.

=Dearling=, _n._ _Obs._ form of _darling_. 5. 6. 74.

=Decimo sexto.= ?_Obs._ ‘A term denoting the size of a book, or of the page of a book, in which each leaf is one-sixteenth of a full sheet; properly SEXTO-DECIMO (usually abbreviated 16mo.).’ _NED._ Also applied _fig._ to a diminutive person or thing: hence, ?An exquisite or perfect condition. 4. 4. 50.

=Deed of Feoffment=, _phr._ 4. 6. 44. See _Feoffment_.

=Defeate=, _n._ †Undoing, ruin. Phr. _do defeate upon_: To do injury to; to bring about the ruin of. 2. 6. 21.

=Defend=, _v._ †To prohibit, forbid. _Obs._ exc. _dial._ 1. 4. 97.

=Degree=, _n._ 1. A high degree or quality. 2. 1. 89.
2. Any degree. 4. 3. 26.

=Delicate=, _a._ †1. Charming †2. Voluptuous. 2. 2. 103;
2. 2. 126. Both meanings seem to be present.

=Delude=, _v._ †To frustrate the aim or purpose of. 1. 6. 54.

†=Deneer=, _n._ [Form of _Denier_, _obs._ or _arch._] A French coin, the twelfth of a sou; originally of silver, but from the 16th c. of copper. Hence (esp. in negative phrases) used as the type of a very small sum. 3. 3. 188.

=Deny=, _v._ ?Prove false to. 1. 4. 91.

=Depart=, _v._ †Phr. _depart with_: To part with; give up. 1. 4. 58; 1. 4. 83.

=Dependance=, _n._ †A quarrel or affair ‘depending,’ or awaiting settlement. 3. 3. 130.

=Devil=, _n._ Jonson uses the following forms: Deuill. 5. 5. 49, etc.; Diuel. 5. 5. 20; Diuell. Titlepage, etc.

=Diligence=, _n. †pl._ Labors, exertions. 2. 2. 106.

=Discourse=, _n._ †Conversational power. 4. 4. 225.

=Discourse=, _v._ To discuss. _Arch._ 4. 2. 40.

=Dishonesty=, _n._ †Unchastity. 4. 4. 158.

†=Displeasant=, _a._ Displeasing; disagreeable. Epilogue 6.

=Distast=, _n._ †Quarrel. 3. 3. 77.

=Diuident=, _n._ [Erron. spelling of _dividend_.] †The share (of anything divided among a number of persons) that falls to each to receive. 2. 1. 123; 3. 3. 201.

=Dotage=, _n._ Infatuation. 5. 8. 92 (see note).

=Dottrel=, _n._ 1. A species of plover (Eudromias morinellus).
2. A silly person; one easily ‘taken in.’ 2. 8. 59.
See note 2. 2. 49-50.

=Doublet=, _n._ A close-fitting body-garment, with or without sleeves, worn by men from the 14th to the 18th centuries. _Obs._ exc. _Hist._ 1. 1. 52. Phr. _hose and doublet_: as the typical male attire. 1. 6. 151.

=Doubt=, _n._ †Apprehension; fear. 5. 1. 8.

=Doubt=, _v._ †To suspect; have suspicions about. 2. 6. 47.

=Dough-bak’d=, _ppl. a._ Now _dial._ Imperfectly baked, so as to remain doughy. 4. 4. 20.

=Doxey=, _n._ ‘Originally the term in Vagabonds’ Cant for the unmarried mistress of a beggar or rogue: hence. _slang_, a mistress, prostitute.’ _NED._ 2. 8. 38.

=Draw=, _v._ †1. To pass through a strainer;
to bring to proper consistence. 1. 6. 222.
2. To frame, draw up (a document). 3. 3. 67.
†3. _intr._ To withdraw. 2. 1. 127.
4. Phr. _draw to_: To come upon;
to catch up with. 2. 6. 24.

=Dwindle=, _v._ †‘To shrink (with fear.) _Obs._, _rare_. (Prob. a misuse owing to two senses of shrink.)’ _NED._ 4. 4. 63.

=Effectuall=, _a._ ?Earnest. 2. 2. 107.

†=E-la=, _n._ _Mus._ _Obs._ exc. _Hist._ [f. E+La; denoting the particular note E which occurred only in the seventh Hexachord, in which it was sung to the syllable _la_.] ‘The highest note in the Gamut, or the highest note of the 7th Hexachord of Guido, answering to the upper E in the treble.’ _NED._ _Fig._ of something very ambitious. 5. 5. 59.

=Employ=, _v._ †Phr. _employ out_: To send out (a person) with a commission. 5. 5. 46.

=Engag’d=, _ppl. a._ 1. Morally bound. 4. 6. 9.
†2. Involved, hampered. 1. 2. 41.
†3. Made security for a payment;
rendered liable for a debt. 3. 3. 90.

=Enlarge=, _v._ †Phr. _enlarge upon_, _refl. absol._: To expand (oneself) in words, give free vent to one’s thoughts. 2. 1. 128.

=Ensigne=, _n._ †Token; signal displayed. ?_Obs._ 1. 6. 210.

=Enter=, _v._ Phrases. †1. _Enter a bond_:
To enter into a bond; to sign a bond. 1. 7. 17.
†2. _Enter trust with_: To repose confidence in. 3. 4. 36.

=Entertaine=, _v._ †1. To give reception to; receive
(a person). 1. 2. 44.
†2. To take into one’s service; hire. 3. 5. 19.

=Enter-view=, _n._ _Obs._ form of _interview_. 2. 6. 23.

=Enuious=, _a._ †Hateful. 1. 6. 196.

=Enuy=, _n._ †Ill-will, enmity. 2. 6. 20.

=Enuy=, _v. trans._ †To begrudge (a thing). 1. 6. 13.

=Equiuock=, _n._ [_Obs._ form (or misspelling) of _equivoke_.] The use of words in a double meaning with intent to deceive:=Equivocation. _Rare._ 3. 3. 184.

=Erect=, _v._ †To set up, establish, found (an office). _Obs._ or _arch._ exc. in _Law_. 3. 3. 67.

||=Escudero=, _n._ Sp. An attendant; a lady’s page. 4. 4. 87.

=Euill=, _n._ The Vice, _q. v._ 5. 6. 76.

=Exchequer=, _n._ The office of the Exchequer; used hyperbol. for the source of wealth. 3. 3. 81.

=Extraordinary=, †_adv._ Extraordinarily. 1. 1. 116.

=Extreme=, †_adv._ Extremely. 1. 7. 27.

=Extremity=, _n._ ?An extreme instance. 1. 5. 15.

=Face=, _n._ Attitude (towards); reception (of). P. 21.

=Fact=, _n._ †1. The making, manufacture. 3. 4. 49.
2. Phr. _with one’s fact_: as an actual experience.
5. 6. 13.

=Faine=, _v._ _Obs._ form of _feign_. 5. 5. 28.

=Fauour=, _n._ †1. Leave, permission. Phr. _under_ (your) _fauour_: with all submission, subject to correction. _Obs._ or _arch._ 1. 3. 27. 2. ?Comeliness; ?face. 4. 6. 49.

=Feate=, _n._ A business transaction. 3. 3. 227.

=Fellow=, _n._ Phr. _good fellow_: Of a woman. A term of familiar address. 5. 1. 5.

=Feoffee=, _n._ The person to whom a freehold estate in land is conveyed by a feoffment. 3. 5. 60.

=Feoffment=, _n._ ‘The action of investing a person with a fief or fee. In technical language applied esp. to the particular mode of conveyance (originally the only one used, but now almost obsolete) in which a person is invested in a freehold estate in lands by livery of seisin (at common law generally, but not necessarily, evidenced by a deed, which, however, is not required by statute).’ _NED._ 4. 5. 15; 4. 7. 7.

Phr. _Deed of Feoffment_: ‘The instrument or deed by which corporeal hereditaments are conveyed.’ _NED._ 4. 6. 44.

=Fetch=, _v._ 1. To earn; get (money). 2. 1. 72.

†2. To perform, take (a leap). 1. 1. 55.
†3. Phr. _Fetch again_: To revive, restore to consciousness.
2. 1. 4.

†=Figgum=, _n._ ?Juggler’s tricks (not found elsewhere). 5. 8. 82.

=Finenesse=, _n._ †‘Overstrained and factitious scrupulousness.’ Gifford. 3. 3. 104.

=Firke=, _v._ †To frisk about; ?to hitch oneself (Cunningham). 5. 6. 15.

=Fixed=, _ppl. a._ Made rigid or immobile (by emotion). 1. 5. 2.

=Fizzling=, _vbl. sb._ †Breaking wind without noise. 5. 3. 2.

=Flower=, _n._ †_Anc._ _Chem._ (_pl._): ‘The pulverulent form of any substance, esp. as the result of condensation after sublimation.’ _NED._ 4. 4. 19.

=Fly=, _v._ Of a hawk: To pursue by flying: used _fig._ 4. 7. 53.

=Flye-blowne=, _a._ Tainted. With a quibble on the literal meaning. 2. 7. 7.