Chapter I: Part 1

_Vol. X,
of the_
Botanist’s Repository

_Comprising,
Colour’d Engravings_
of
_New and Rare Plants_

ONLY
With Botanical Descriptions &c.
_in
Latin and English,
after the_
Linnæan System,

_by
H. Andrews_

_Botanical Painter Engraver &c._
]

PLATE DCIX.

CITRUS MEDICA, _odoratissima_.

_Bergamot Lemon._

CLASS XVIII. ORDER III.

_POLYADELPHIA ICOSANDRIA._ Many Sets of Chives. Threads from the Calyx or Receptacle.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-petala. Stamina 20 in cylindrum passim
connata. Stylus 1. Bacca 9--12-locularis, pulpa vesiculari.

CUP 5-toothed. Petals five. Stamens about 20, generally united at
the base. Shaft 1. Fruit 9-to 12-celled, the pulp bladdery.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CITRUS foliis acuminatis.

CITRUS with pointed leaves.

CITRUS medica β. _Linn. Sp. Pl._ Limon Bergamotta. _Volkamer._
_Hesperides, cap. 26. tab. p. 154._

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. Chives spread open. 3. The seed-bud and pointal. 4. A horizontal section of the fruit.

* * * * *

The drawing of this curious and valuable fruit was also taken at Wormleybury last May. Sir Abraham Hume informs us, that the plant was introduced in 1785, by Mrs. Evelyn, of St. Clare in Kent, who brought it with her from Nice. The name Bergamot is said by the Chevalier Lamarck (in the French Encyclopédie) to come from Bergame in Italy, where the principal cultivation of the plant lies. The valuable perfume called Essence of Bergamot is prepared in Italy from the fruit, but by what method they extract it we have not been able to learn: it is rather remarkable that England, so celebrated for her commerce, her collections of natural history, and spirit in gardening, and annually importing so much of this Essence, should have been so long without the plant that produced it.

In arranging the Bergamot for the present as a variety of the Lemon, we by no means subscribe to the opinion of those who, servilely following Linnæus, include all sorts of apples and pears under his _Pyrus mala_ and _communis_; all grape-vines under _Vitis vinifera_; and limes, lemons, citrons, oranges and shaddocks of all kinds, under his _Citrus Medica_ and _Aurantium_. Already the last-mentioned genus has been considerably illustrated by the works of Gmelin, Rumphius, Thunberg, and Loureiro; and Professor Willdenow now enumerates six species of Citrus, and the Chevalier Lamarck eleven species; and many more are probably yet latent in the unexplored regions of Asia. Indeed it is only to those who have an opportunity of observing them in their original situations, where the spade of the labourer has never disturbed their repose, that we must look for their complete illustration. The immense tracts on our northern hemisphere, over which apples are naturally scattered, as well as the vast and permanent differences observed in their fruits, give us also much to hope for; even Linnæus himself observes in his Flora Suecica, that the apple which he found growing naturally in Smoland was very different from that which he found in other parts of Sweden; the original Paradise-apple (_Malus pumila_ of the old authors) has already been recovered by the Russian naturalist Pallas, forming large thickets on the banks of the Wolga and Tanais, (see his Flora Rossica, vol. i. p. 22.); and the same author informs us that the apples he found growing about the Terek were of a large size, and excellent even in their wild state; while those that he met with in other parts of Russia were quite worthless. Even in India our indefatigable countryman Dr. Buchanan has discovered five original species of this genus (one of them a quince) growing naturally on the elevated regions towards the snowy mountains. His descriptions of them, however, are yet unpublished, but we have seen his specimens in the collection of A. B. Lambert, esq.

PLATE DCX.

RUELLIA FORMOSA.

_Beautiful Ruellia._

CLASS XIV. ORDER II.

_DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA._ Two Chives longer. Seeds covered.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-partitus. Corolla 1-petala, limbo inæquali 5-lobo. Capsula
bilocularis, bivalvis, dentibus elasticis dissiliens.

CUP 5-parted. Blossom of one petal, with the limb unequally
5-lobed. Fruit a two-celled, two-valved capsule bursting with
elastic teeth.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

RUELLIA caule suffruticoso erecto; foliis pilosis, petiolatis,
integerrimis, ovatis, obtusis; pedunculis lateralibus foliis duplo
seu triplo longioribus, ramosis; ramulis subtrifloris.

RUELLIA with a suffruticose erect stem; hairy, entire, oval, blunt
leaves upon footstalks; the flower-stalks twice or thrice as long
as the leaves and branched; the branches three-flowered.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A blossom spread open. 3. The seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

For this very elegant species we are indebted to Mr. Donn, Curator of the Botanic Garden at Cambridge, who informs us that it is a native of Brazil, and was introduced from Portugal in 1808 by sir Charles Cotton, bart. The plant in the Cambridge garden is now nearly four feet high, with many branches, and has continued flowering profusely since the beginning of May, and appears as if it would continue to blossom during the summer. It is propagated by cuttings, and has as yet been kept in the hothouse.

We have found no figure or description of the plant in any author, but have seen a very fine dried specimen of it brought from Portugal by sir Thomas Gage, bart. in the herbarium of A. B. Lambert, esq. with this note affixed: “I found this Ruellia growing, and ripening seeds abundantly, amongst the hothouse-plants in the Botanic-Garden at Lisbon.” So ornamental a plant we trust will soon be equally abundant in the hothouses of our own country.

PLATE DCXI.

DAVIESIA CORYMBOSA.

_Corymbed Daviesia._

CLASS X. ORDER I.

_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Chives. One Pointal.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX angulatus, simplex, quinquefidus. Corolla papilionacea.
Stylus subulatus. Stigma simplex, acutum. Legumen compressum,
monospermum.

CUP angled, simple, 5-cleft. Blossom butterfly-shaped. Shaft
awl-shaped. Summit simple, acute. Pod compressed, one-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

D. corymbosa, foliis lineari-oblongis, planis, muticis; pedunculis
axillaribus, geminis, corymbosis, multifloris; calyce regulari.
_Smith in the Transactions of the Linnean Society, vol. 8. p. 258._

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Empalement. 2. The standard. 3. One of the wings. 4. The keel. 5. The chives and pointal. 6. The seed-bud and pointal. 7. A half-ripe seed-vessel.

* * * * *

This showy species is a native of New Holland, and was raised from seed by Mr. Gibbs, last year, in his nursery at Brompton, and is not as yet, we believe, in any other collection.

It may not be improper to observe, that the calyx of this species appears a little bilabiate, and the germen two-seeded, although one of the seeds in the fruits we have examined was always abortive.

PLATE DCXII.

<g>PÆONIA ALBIFLORA</g>, _flore pleno_.

_Tartarian Pæony, double-flowered variety._

CLASS XIII. ORDER II.--V.

_POLYANDRIA DIGYNIA ad PENTAGYNIAM._ Many Chives. Two to Five Pointals.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-phyllus. Petala 5. Styli 0. Capsulæ polyspermæ.

CUP five-leaved. Petals 5. Shafts none. Capsules many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PÆONIA foliis biternatis, foliolis ovato-lanceolatis integris
nudis, capsulis recurvatis glabris. _Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. 2. p.
1222._

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement and pointals.

* * * * *

The single-flowered Pæonia albiflora we have already figured in our first volume (Plate 64.), but never heard of the double variety until we found it in the nursery of Mr. Whitley, who informs us that he raised the plant from seeds received from Mr. Livingstone, surgeon, (in 1808,) who brought them from China under the title of the yellow Pæony. It bloomed last year with only three flowers, but has this year produced five elegant blossoms. Its great beauty certainly entitles it to a place in every flower-garden and curious collection. We shall only add to our former account of this fine species of Pæony above referred to, that Professor Pallas mentions in his Flora Rossica that the roots are used as food in Mongolia, where the plant grows naturally wild, being boiled and eaten by the Tartars, who also powder the seeds to mix with their tea.

PLATE DCXIII.

<g>IPOMŒA</g> pendula.

_Pendulous Ipomœa._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Stamens. One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX quinquepartitus. Corolla infundibuliformis. Stigma
capitato-globosum. Capsula 2-seu 3-locularis.

CUP five-parted. Blossom funnel-shaped. Stigma with a roundish
head. Capsule of 2 or 3 cells.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

IPOMŒA pendula, glabra, foliis quinato-digitatis: foliolis
lanceolatis, mucronulatis, margine integerrimis; extimis indivisis
bifidisve: pedunculis 1-3-floris: calycis foliolis subæqualibus,
obtusis, tubo corollæ ter brevioribus. _Brown Prod. Nov. Holl. et
Ins. Van-Diem, vol. 1. p. 486._

PENDULOUS Ipomœa with smooth five-fingered leaves: the divisions
lanced, sharp-pointed, and entire at the edge; the lowermost being
sometimes two-cleft: the peduncles one-to three-flowered: leaflets
of the cup nearly equal, blunt, three times shorter than the tube
of the blossom.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A blossom spread open. 3. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.

* * * * *

This very ornamental species of Ipomœa is a native of the north and east coasts of New Holland, according to Mr. Brown’s Prodromus of the plants of that country above quoted. We have seen wild specimens of it gathered by Dr. White near Port Jackson. The species is so decidedly volubilous as not only to twine round other plants that may come in its way, but twists also its own shoots round each other; and this both in its wild and cultivated state. Towards the root it appears to be woody, and is certainly perennial. The drawing was taken about the middle of July, in the curious collection of the Countess de Vandes at Bayswater, from a plant about five feet high, which was probably the first time the species blossomed in this country. The introducer we have not been able to discover.

PLATE DCXIV.

<g>FUMARIA NOBILIS</g>.

_Noble Fumitory._

CLASS XVI. ORDER II.

_DIADELPHIA HEXANDRIA._ Two Brotherhoods. Six Stamens.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX diphyllus. Corolla ringens. Filamenta 2, membranacea,
singula antheris tribus.

CUP two-leaved. Blossom gaping. Filaments two, membranaceous, each
supporting three anthers.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

FUMARIA caule simplici, racemo terminali, bracteis oblongis
acutis flore brevioribus, foliis pinnatis, foliolis
subtripartito-laciniatis. _Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. 3. p. 858._

FUMITORY with a simple stem, a terminal bunch of flowers, with
oblong acute bracts shorter than the blossoms, and pinnate leaves
with the leaflets jagged and three-parted.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower.

* * * * *

The Fumaria nobilis is a native of the Altaian mountains in Siberia, and was introduced to this country in the year 1783 by Mr. John Græffer, but appears to have been since lost, as we never saw living specimens until the beginning of last May, when that from which our drawing was taken was communicated by Mr. Donn from the Botanic garden at Cambridge. The plant appears well calculated for ornamenting rock-work or curious borders, the finely cut foliage and flowers being both very graceful. It is said to have been a great favourite with Linnæus.

PLATE DCXV.

<g>GLOBBA PURPUREA</g>.

_Purple Globba._

CLASS I. ORDER I.

_MONANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ One Stamen. One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

ANTHERA duplex. Filamentum lineare, incurvatum, longissimum,
appendiculatum. Stylus laxus filiformis in medio antheræ receptus.
Stigma incrassatum. Nectarium utrinque bifidum. _Roscoe in the
Transactions of the Linnean Society, vol. 8. p. 355._

ANTHERS double. Filament linear, incurved, very long and
appendaged. Style (or shaft) long thread-shaped, going up between
the anthers. Stigma (or summit) swelling. Nectary cleft at both
ends.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

GLOBBA scapo aphyllo paniculato; bracteis calyce multo longioribus
subovatis, corollâ trilobâ, filamento medio biappendiculato,
nectario cordato-oblongo.

GLOBBA with a leafless panicled stem, the bracts many times
longer than the cup and nearly ovate, the blossom of three lobes,
the filament with two appendages in the middle, and the nectary
between a heart-shape and an oblong.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A leaf. 2. A flower. 3. A front view of the same divested of the calyx. 4. Empalement, seed-bud, and pointal.

* * * * *

No genus of plants has more puzzled botanists than the Globba of Linnæus, no plant having yet been discovered that agrees with his generic character; but as the possessor of his herbarium has decided that the Globba marantina, the only species of this genus Linnæus professes to have seen, was the same plant with that called by Dr. Roxburgh, and also by Mr. Donn in his Catalogue of the Cambridge Botanic Garden, Colebrookia bulbifera; (see Smith’s Exotic Botany, page 85, where he has corrected the generic character;) this plant, also sent from India by Dr. Roxburgh to Sir Abraham Hume, bart. in 1809, now also changes its name to Globba. The inflorescence, which is directly from the root, whilst in all the species described by Dr. Smith it is placed above the leaves on a common stem, together with the three-lobed corolla, might doubtless be quite sufficient characters to distinguish it as a separate genus; but another having already been published in honour of Mr. Colebrook, we prefer leaving it with the congeners amongst which it was originally placed by its discoverer Dr. Roxburgh.

The delicacy and elegance of the whole plant, the rich tint of the floral leaves, and the curious construction of the blossoms, (where the long projecting filament drawn back by the style which is held by its summit protruded beyond the anthers, at one period of the inflorescence nearly resembles a half-bent bow,) have been admired by all who have seen it. The leaves only appear as the flowers decay.

The plant blossomed in the middle of last May, for the first time in this country, in the collection of Sir Abraham Hume, bart. where our drawing was taken. From a very useful manuscript catalogue of Indian plants by Dr. Roxburgh in the collection of A. B. Lambert, esq. we learn that it is a native of India, and has been found growing wild about Chittagong.

The ripe fruit we have not seen; but the germ is nearly oval, with three blunt angles and of one cell with many seeds affixed to three lateral receptacles. The plant is perennial, and may be propagated by the roots like other scitamineous plants.

PLATE DCXVI.

<g>EUPHORBIA</g> epithymoides.

_Broad-leaved Spurge._

CLASS XI. ORDER III.

_DODECANDRIA TRIGYNIA._ Twelve to Nineteen Stamens. Three Styles.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX monophyllus, ventricosus. Corolla 4-seu 5-petala calyci
insidens. Capsula tricocca.

CUP of one leaf, bellying. Blossom of 4 or 5 petals sitting upon
the cup. Fruit a capsule with 3 cells.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

EUPHORBIA umbellâ quinquefidâ, radiis sub-bifidis, involucellis
ovatis denticulatis, foliis integerrimis lanceolatis obtusis
retusis subtus villosis, capsulis papilloso-hispidis. _Willd. Sp.
Pl. vol. 2. p. 909._

EUPHORBIA with a five-cleft umbel, the rays mostly bifid, the
involucrets ovate-toothed, the leaves entire, lanced, blunt,
retuse and woolly beneath; the capsules with little warts and
bristly.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower. 2. The same spread open. 3. Seed-bud and pointal.

* * * * *

This ornamental species is a native of Austria, and was introduced, according to Donn’s Catalogue, in the year 1805. Professor Jacquin has given an excellent figure and description of it in its wild state in his Flora Austriaca, vol. iv. p. 23, tab. 344: but it varies very considerably when cultivated, as may be seen by comparing the figures. The figure cited to the species by Linnæus, from Columna, and from which it also derives its name, as already remarked by Jacquin, (who was certain of the identity of his species with the Linnean,) has very little resemblance to the plant; but the name of epithymoides, however apt to mislead, is now sanctioned by so long use, that were the plant of Columna discovered, and proved to be different, one would hardly venture now to restore to it its original appellation. The specimen was communicated by Mr. Donn last May from the Botanic Garden at Cambridge.

PLATE DCXVII.

EUPHORBIA meloformis.

_Melon-shaped Euphorbia._

CLASS XI. ORDER III.

_DODECANDRIA TRIGYNIA._ Twelve to Nineteen Stamens. Three Styles.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX monophyllus, ventricosus. Corolla 4- seu 5-petala calyci
insidens. Capsula tricocca.

CUP of one leaf, bellying. Blossom of 4 or 5 petals sitting upon
the cup. Fruit a capsule with 3 cells.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

EUPHORBIA subglobosa multangularis.

EUPHORBIA nearly round with many angles.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower spread open. 2. A chive magnified.

* * * * *

Those who are unacquainted with the versatility of this extraordinary Genus will be a little surprised at seeing a plant with so little resemblance to that on our last plate under the same generic appellation. Even the variations of Protea itself appear trifling, when compared with those of Euphorbia, which includes species with leaves opposite, alternate, scattered, whorled, and imbricated, and others leafless, like the present; plants round, oval, square, triangular and oblong; annual, herbaceous, succulent, thorny, woody, and even arboreous; and natives of all climates, from Siberia to Dusky Bay. Almost all the species agree in being replete with a milky juice which flows from them freely when wounded, and is generally of an acrid corrosive quality. An excellent description of the Euphorbia meloformis was given in the second volume of the Hortus Kewensis, and has been since copied into the Species Plantarum. An engraving and description of it by Mons. Desfontaines, one of the professors in the Museum of Natural History at Paris, also ornaments the first volume of their Annales. The species is dioicous; and, except in the Royal Gardens at Kew, male flowers only have as yet been produced by the plants cultivated in this country, and their progeny at Paris. The stamens come to maturity at different times, those of the centre being the earliest, the woolly filaments of which persisting after the antheræ are fallen off give to the flowers a singular appearance. The species is a native of Africa towards the Cape of Good Hope, and was introduced by Mr. Masson in 1774, but is still very scarce, and requires to be kept in the dry stove or on a shelf in the hot-house, much moisture being always inimical to it. The propagation is by separating the young bulbs from their parent stock, and planting them in pots of earth nearly dry, as they retain their vegetative powers for months without either earth or water.

PLATE DCXVIII.

ANNESLEA SPINOSA.

_Armed Indian Water Lily._

CLASS XIII. ORDER VII.

_POLYANDRIA POLYGYNIA._ Many Stamens with many Styles or Stigmas.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX superus, persistens, 4 phyllus. Petala 30-40,
oblongo-lanceolata, persistentia. Stamina 60-70, incurva;
antheræ subovatæ. Styli nulli. Stigmata: sulculi decem in
apice cyathiformi germinis, ad umbonem centralem decurrentes;
inconspicui. Germen 10-loculare, supra cyathiforme atque ex
columellâ centrali protrusâ umbonatum, margine 10-dentatum. Septa
duplicia. Semina loculis in singulis 2, dissepimentis prope
parietem alterne affixa, obovata. Fructus: bacca subovata, calyce
persistente coronata, spinosissima, 10-20-sperma. Semina matura
non vidi.

Anneslea spinosa. _Roxburgh._

Calyx above, persistent, 4 leaved. Petals 30 to 40, oblong-lanced,
persistent. Stamens 60 to 70, incurved; anthers nearly ovate.
Styles none. Stigmas: ten inconspicuous channels in the cup-shaped
top of the germen, running down towards the central knob. Germen
10-celled, cup shaped above, with the central column rising like
a knob in the middle; the margin 10-toothed. Partitions double.
Seeds two in each cell, affixed to the partitions near the outer
angle one on each side, inversely ovate. Fruit: a berry nearly
ovate, crowned with the persistent calyx, exceeding thorny, 10-to
20-seeded. We have not seen the ripe seeds.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A flower cut open.

* * * * *

Seeds of this wonderful water plant, originally a native of China, were sent preserved in sugar from Calcutta by Dr. Roxburgh, in 1809, to the Most Honourable the Marquis of Blandford, in whose magnificent Aquarium at White Knights it now raises its numerous heads bristling with spines, unrolls its immense leaves, and flourishes in all its grandeur.

In vain we review the plants of its natural order for any analogy to its thorny exterior; the Nymphs and Naiads, _Nymphæeæ_ and _Naiades_, are not more conspicuous for their elegance and beauty than for their mildness; Anneslea, like the panther, seems to unite the extremes of ferocity and beauty. The leaves are nearly orbicular, but sometimes a little extended upon one side with a corresponding notch on the side opposite, the largest being from six to eight feet in circumference; green on their upper surface, and reticulated with purplish branching veins, with a sharp curved thorn at each of their principal ramifications; their under side purple, thinly scattered over with a very fine brown pubescence, and reticulated with high raised, cellular, transparent, brown, branched veins, bearing innoxious thorns of the same form as those of the upper surface at their principal divisions. The compartments between the veins are irregular hexagons, pentagons, and rhomboids, which are again intersected by other minute veins nearly in the same manner. The leaf-stalks are centrally affixed, nearly round, very porous, and bristled with soft spines almost to where they rise from the root. The spines are hollow, of the most simple structure, and appear to be formed by a continuance of the cellular tissue of the plant protruded. See Mirbel’s Anatomie Vegetale, fig. 24. It is only where they stand out of water, as upon the fruit and upper surface of the leaves, that they become indurated and really formidable. Very different is the nature and structure of the thorns in the genus Rosa, where they are proper secreting vessels or abortions of such, indurated; and may be gradually traced in the R. damascena, muscosa, ferox, rubiginosa, and many others, from the almost imperceptible hair supporting viscous matter, down to the horny lacerating thorn. In the Geranium echinatum, on the contrary, and some Monsoniæ, the spines are mere indurated persistent stipules, and in the Astragali indurated petioles; while in Prunus, Cratægus, Ononis and Genista, the ends of the branches indurate into thorns, and a plant of Ononis spinosa deprived of its verdure and dried, would appear to be only one branched thorn. Thorns are also formed from indurated bracts, abortions of roots, leaves, branches, peduncles, flowers, petioles and supernumerary stipules as in the terrible Gleditschia, horrid with huge bunches of three-forked thorns from the very trunk of the tree. All these and other similar parts of plants, their real nature and use often overlooked, are in their aged and indurated state thrown together by Linnæus under the denomination of “Arma, (or Armour,) to prevent animals from injuring the plants.” Camels, however, and asses and goats, are observed to be particularly fond of thorny plants; and even quicks only escape being browsed by the cattle, by becoming woody or growing out of their reach.

The story of the Anneslea’s flowering under water may have probably arisen from the very short time the blossoms remain above; as, like those of the Nymphæa, they only rise to expand, and again gradually sink to ripen their seeds after the globules of fertilizing pollen have burst from their parent cells, phœnix like, to perish in renovating their race; and by adding circle to circle served to prolong the immoveable and immeasurable chain. That it certainly flowers above water, we can assert from our own observation; but we were informed at White Knights (where our drawing was taken last September) that it had flowered there below; which might have been owing to its artificial treatment, (We have seen the Nymphæa rubra flowering at the very bottom of the water in the same Aquarium.) and cannot be its natural state, unless we can bring ourselves to believe that nature has endowed it with the power of propagating itself in both elements.

We hope yet to see its magnificent foliage mantling our ponds. Have we not already taught the Thea--the Camillia--the Ta kio--the Moutan--the Yu lan, to resist our winters! Our water is not less temperate than our sky. The name Anneslea was given by Dr. Roxburgh, in honour of the Right Hon. George Annesley, Viscount of Valentia, who discovered the plant growing in the Gagra River in Oude, and also about Chittagong, when on his travels in India. The fruit abundantly distinguishes the genus from the Euryale of Mr. Salisbury.

PLATE DCXIX.

EUGENIA Zeylanica.

_Ceylon Eugenia._

CLASS XII. ORDER I.

_ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Stamens from the Cup. One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX quadripartitus, superus. Petala quatuor. Bacca 1-locularis,
1-sperma.

CUP four-parted, above. Petals four. Berry of one cell, one-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

EUGENIA foliis subovalibus integerrimis coriaceis retusis,
pedunculis unifloris solitariis vel geminatis, axillaribus
lateralibusque.

EUGENIA with oval entire leathery retuse leaves, and one-flowered
peduncles, either solitary or in pairs, axillary or lateral.

Eugenia zeylanica. _Willd. Sp. Pl. vol. 2. p. 963._

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Empalement, seed-bud and pointal. 2. The fruit, with the seed detached.

* * * * *

The Ceylon Eugenia is a low bushy wide-spreading shrub, with both the leaves and branches extending nearly horizontally. The flowers grow from the axils of the leaves and sides of the branches upon simple downy footstalks, which have two small bracts a little above their middle; and open in succession from the lower axils upwards. Professor Willdenow is not quite correct in stating the leaves to be impunctate, a minute dotting being visible on both surfaces with the naked eye, and very distinctly with the aid of a common eye-glass. The fruit is of the size of a large pea, rough with minute warts, and crowned with the persistent calyx.

We have seldom seen a more striking example of the astonishing resources provided by nature for the continuation of species than this plant, whose little germen when blossoming contains sixteen infant seeds (clustering round a common centre), while the fruit admits of one only coming to maturity! Above eighty stamens are also provided for the fertilization of a solitary stigma. We have often admired the common chesnut, each germen of which when blossoming contains twelve seeds in embryo, but this yet surpasses it.

We were favoured with fresh specimens last July by A. B. Lambert, esq. from his seat at Boyton, and a foreign specimen in his collection has also enabled us to add the fruit, which has not yet ripened in this country. The plant is stated in Donn’s Catalogue to have been introduced in 1798, most probably by Sir Abraham Hume, as the only plants of it that we have seen came originally from his collection.

PLATE DCXX.

<g>SCHINUS DENTATA.</g>

_Toothed Schinus._

CLASS XXII. ORDER IX.

_DIOECIA s. POLYGAMIA DECANDRIA._ Shafts and Chives separate on different Plants, or both on the same. Ten Chives.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

MAS. Calyx 5-fidus. Petala 5. Stamina 8-10 sub nectario rotato
inserta.

FEM. Calyx et petala maris. Stigmata 3. Drupa sicca,
multi-locularis, submonosperma. Nux subturbinatus, obtusè
angulatus. Embryo subreniformis, compressus. Cotyledones 2,
æquales, latofalcatæ. Radicula supera, cylindrica, incurva.

MALE. Cup 5-cleft. Petals 5. Chives 8-10 affixed under a
wheel-shaped nectary.

FEMALE. Cup and blossom as in the male. Summits 3. Berry dry, with
many cells and generally one seed. Nut nearly top-shaped with
blunt angles. Embryo nearly kidney-shaped, compressed. Seed-leaves
2, equal, broadly falcate. Radicle above, cylindrical, incurved.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

SCHINUS foliis simplicibus dentatis.

SCHINUS with simple toothed leaves.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A petal magnified. 3. A chive magnified. 4. The nectary magnified. 5. A ripe berry. 6. The nut cleared from the pulp.

* * * * *

Specimens of this curious Schinus were communicated in May by the Right Honourable the Marquis of Blandford, from his gardens at White Knights. Its native country, as we are informed, is Owhyhee, an island long to be remembered in English history for the loss of the illustrious Cook;

Who, born to bless mankind, fair Science bore
To Ocean’s bounds and isles unknown before;
And, while to guard barbarian lives his care,
Was murder’d by the men he sought to spare.

At what time the Schinus dentata was brought to England, or by whom, we have not been able to learn. It thrives very well in sheltered situations here in the open ground, and even ripens fruit in good seasons when trained against a wall. The berries are black, nearly of the size of small currants, with a sweet fleshy pulp, each berry containing a single nut which is bluntly angled, and a flattened two-leaved crooked embryo enclosed in a farinaceous perisperm of unequal thickness, having outwardly the same form as the nut.

Another species agreeing exactly in habit with the present, the toothed leaves excepted, S. dependens, (the Amyris polygama of Cavanilles and Willdenow,) has before been added to the genus by Ortega: and we cannot help noticing how remarkable it is that three plants, two of which differ so widely in habit, should yet agree so closely in their fructification. The insertion of the stamens, nectary, germen, stigmas and fruit is exactly similar; and the fruit of Schinus Molle figured by Gærtner (as far as his figure and description go) coincides exactly with the fruit of S. dentata. For the ripe fruit and some observations on the genus we are indebted to A. B. Lambert, esq.

PLATE DCXXI.

JUSSIEUA exaltata.

_Tall Jussieua._

CLASS VIII or X. ORDER I.

_OCTANDRIA seu DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Eight or Ten Stamens.

One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 4-seu 5-partitus, superus. Petala 4 seu 5. Capsula 4-seu
5-locularis, angulis dehiscens. Semina numerosa.

CUP 4-or 5-parted, above. Petals four or five. Capsule 4-or
5-celled, splitting at the corners. Seeds numerous.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

JUSSIEUA erecta, pubescens, foliis oblongo-lanceolatis
pubescentibus punctato-scabris; floribus 4-petalis 8-andris,
stigmate 4-lobo.

ERECT pubescent Jussieua with oblong-lanced pubescent leaves rough
with little dots; flowers with 4 petals and 8 stamens, and the
stigma four-lobed.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A petal. 2. Empalement, seed-bud, and pointal. 3. The capsule. 4. A ripe seed. 5. The same magnified.

* * * * *

Linnæus could scarcely have selected a happier genus in honour of the great French botanist; by whose arrangement plants agreeing in general habit and character are not liable to be thrown to various classes for a slight difference in their number of stamens, as in the Linnæan; where octandrous and decandrous plants can only be brought together by special license.

Of the twelve species of Jussieua enumerated by Willdenow, and the two additional species since described by Humboldt and Bonpland, our plant, communicated from Boyton in September, most resembles the _octovalvis_, of which the Professors Swartz and Jacquin appear to have described very different varieties. Ours, however, appears to be specifically distinct from either.

Mr. Lambert informs us that the plant is a native of the East Indies, from whence the seeds were sent to him by Dr. Roxburgh, with a reference to the _Cattu Carambu_ of the Hortus Malabaricus, (tom. ii. p. 97, fig. 50,) which is a very fair representation of it.

The name _exaltata_, bestowed upon it by Dr. Roxburgh, may have been suggested by comparing it with the two other Indian species, the _repens_ and _suffruticosa_; but the _peruviana_ must be a much taller plant, from the account given of it by Father Feuillée.

PLATE DCXXII.

LEPTOSPERMUM scoparium.

_New Zealand Tea._

CLASS XII. ORDER I.

_ICOSANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Stamens from the Calyx. One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-fidus, semisuperus. Petala quinque, unguiculata,
staminibus longiora. Stigma capitatum. Capsula 4-seu 5-locularis,
polysperma. Semina angulosa.

CUP 5-cleft, free above the middle. Petals five, clawed, and
longer than the stamens. Stigma headed. Capsula 4-or 5-celled,
many-seeded. Seeds angular.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LEPTOSPERMUM foliis ovatis ovato-lanceolatisque mucronatis
obsolete trinerviis; calycibus glabris, dentibus membranaceis
coloratis.

LEPTOSPERMUM with ovate and ovate-lanced dagger-pointed faintly
3-nerved leaves, and smooth calyces with membranaceous coloured
teeth.

L. scoparium. _Willd. sp. pl. 2. p. 948._

Tea Plant. _Cook’s Second Voyage, vol. 1. p. 100. tab. 32._

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Empalement, chives, and pointal. 2. The same cut open, one tip magnified. 3. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified. 4. A petal.

The Leptospermum scoparium grows naturally in New Zealand, where it was found in Cook’s first voyage of discovery in the year 1769, and was first published with an engraving of the fructification in 1776, by the two Forsters, in their _Characteres Generum Plantarum_, or Account of the Plants they collected in that expedition. The following description of the plant, and accounts of the benefits his people derived from it, are extracted from Captain Cook’s Account of his Second Voyage, vol. i. p. 99 to 101.

“The Tea plant is a small tree or shrub, with five white petals or flower-leaves, shaped like those of a rose, having smaller ones of the same figure in the intermediate spaces, and twenty or more filaments or threads. The tree sometimes grows to a moderate height, and is generally bare on the lower part, with a number of small branches growing close together towards the top. The leaves are small and pointed like those of the myrtle; it bears a dry roundish seed-case, and grows commonly in dry places near the shores. The leaves, as I have already observed, were used by many of us as tea, which has a very agreeable bitter and flavour when they are recent, but loses some of both when they are dried. When the infusion was made strong, it proved emetic to some, in the same manner as green tea.

“The beer certainly contributed not a little to the healthiness of our people. As I have already observed, we at first made it of a decoction of the spruce leaves (Dacrydium cupressinum); but finding that this alone made the beer too astringent, we afterwards mixed it with an equal quantity of the Tea plant, (a name it obtained in my former voyage from our using it as tea then, as we also did now,) which partly destroyed the astringency of the other, and made the beer exceedingly palatable, and esteemed by every one on board.”

In the younger Forster’s account of the same expedition, vol. i, p. 128 and 129, a similar account of its utility and beauty is given, with the additional information, that, in a fine soil, in thick forests, it was found from 30 to 40 feet high, and above a foot in diameter; while on a hilly arid situation he found it bearing flowers and seed when only 6 inches high.

The plant was introduced to the Royal Gardens at Kew so early as 1772, and several varieties of it are now in cultivation. It is increased both by seeds and cuttings, and requires to be kept in the Greenhouse or Conservatory.

Specimens were communicated by Mr. Donn from the botanic garden at Cambridge last May, and others in June by Mr. Milne from Fonthill.

PLATE DCXXIII.

ARDISIA ELEGANS.

_Elegant Ardisia._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Stamens. One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-phyllus. Corolla hypocrateriformis. Antheræ magnæ, erectæ.
Stigma simplex. Drupa sicca, supera, 1-sperma.

CUP five-leaved. Blossom salver-shaped. Anthers large, erect.
Stigma simple. Berry dry, above, one-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

ARDISIA corymbis terminalibus, compositis, nutantibus; foliis
lato-lanceolatis, crenatis, nitidis, margine reflexis.

ARDISIA with terminal, compound, nodding corymbs, and
broad-lanced, crenated, shining leaves, with the margin reflected.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A blossom spread open. 3. The seed-bud and pointal.

This beautiful species grows naturally in moist situations and by the sides of rivulets in Pulo-Pinang, where it was discovered by the collector sent out by T. Evans, Esq., and brought to England with him on his return in 1809; and our drawing was taken from a plant of it nearly five feet high, which has been flowering beautifully this year in the collection at Stepney, from August to the end of November. The common height of the plant in Pinang, as the collector informs us, is from eight to about twelve feet.

PLATE DCXXIV

LOTUS australis.

_Southern Lotus, or Bird’s-foot Trefoil._

CLASS XVII. ORDER IV.

_DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Stamens in Two Sets, Ten.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

LEGUMEN cylindricum, strictum. Filamenta sub-cuneiformia. Alæ
sursum longitudinaliter conniventes.

POD cylindrical, straight. Filaments somewhat wedge-shaped. Wings
united lengthways above.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LOTUS herbaceus, foliis stipulisque lanceolatis
obovato-lanceolatisque pubescentibus; floribus amplis paucis;
capitulis longè pedunculatis: leguminibus tereti-linearibus calyce
duplò longioribus.

HERBACEOUS Lotus, with lanceolate and inversely ovate downy leaves
and stipules; large flowers few together, in heads upon long
footstalks; the pods roundish linear, and double the length of the
calyx.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. The vexillum. 3. One of the wings. 4. The keel. 5. Chives and pointal. 6. The chives spread open and magnified.

New Holland, so rich in new families of plants, sometimes (though rarely) also furnishes us with a few species belonging to genera common to our northern regions, as in Convolvulus, Chenopodium, Campanula, and our present subject, of which the specimen was communicated from Fonthill last July by Mr. Milne. By whom the species was introduced we have not been able to learn; but we have seen dried specimens of it, brought over by the late Governor King, in the herbarium of A. B. Lambert, Esq.

The plant is of humble growth, and rather conspicuous when in blossom from its fine heads of flowers, but has not yet produced seeds in this country; and our account of the fruit is from the foreign specimens above mentioned. Like most other New Holland plants, Lotus australis requires to be kept in the Greenhouse, or at least sheltered in winter.

In our account of Euphorbia meloformis we omitted to add that the figure was taken from a fine plant in the collection of J. Vere, Esq. Kensington Gore, in August last.

PLATE DCXXV.

BARLERIA CRISTATA.

_Crested Barleria._

CLASS XIV. ORDER II.

_DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA._ Four Stamens in unequal Pairs. Seeds covered.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 4-partitus, inaequalis. Stamina 2, longè minora. Capsula
4-angularis, bilocularis, bivalvis.

CUP 4-parted, unequal. Stamens 2, much smaller. Capsule 4-angled,
2-celled, 2-valved.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

BARLERIA foliis oblongis integerrimis; calycis foliolis duobus
latioribus ciliatis, duobusque linearibus acutis.

BARLERIA with oblong entire leaves; two of the calyx-leaves
broader and ciliated, and two linear acute.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A blossom spread open, segments of the border cut off. 3. Seed-bud and pointal.

Linnæus’s excellent description of this species in the first edition of the Species Plantarum is rather at variance with his character of the genus; nor can the plant certainly be a congener of either of the two original species of Plumier, one of which indeed the late Professor Vahl found it necessary to remove to Ruellia. To the curious little sheath within the corolla, which encloses the germen about two-thirds of its length, in Barleria cristata, and one side of which is shorter than the other, we do not recollect having ever before met with any thing analogous.

We are indebted for fine specimens in blossom to T. Evans, esq., in whose collection it has continued flowering during the autumn, and by whom it was introduced to this country in 1808. The plant seems to grow freely, and is propagated by cuttings. It requires to be kept in the hot-house.

PLATE DCXXVI.

GEODORUM CITRINUM.

_Lemon-coloured Geodorum._

CLASS XX. ORDER I.

_GYNANDRIA MONANDRIA._ Style bearing the Stamens. Stamen One.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

PETALA quinque, longitudine subæqualia, patentia. Labellum
cymbiforme; carinâ posticè paulò productâ. Anthera terminalis,
opercularis, decidua. Massæ pollinis duæ, reniformes, cereaceæ.

PETALS five, about an equal length, spreading. Lip boat-shaped,
with the keel a little prolonged behind. Anther terminal,
cover-like, deciduous. Masses of pollen two, kidney-shaped, waxy.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A blossom spread open, divested of the lip. 2. The lip detached.

Little more than sixty years ago, Mr. Miller, the best informed gardener of his time, and emphatically styled by foreigners, to whom he was known by his writings, ‘Hortulanorum Princeps;’ after forty years experience in gardening, in the last edition of his Dictionary which he published, when treating of Epidendrums, says: “It would be to little purpose to enumerate them here, as the plants cannot by any art yet known be cultivated in the ground; though, could the plants be brought to thrive by culture, many of them produce very fine flowers of uncommon forms.”--Genius and perseverance, however, have completely vanquished this prejudice, and we now cultivate more species of Epidendrum in England, or what in Mr. Miller’s time would have been considered as such, than he supposed to exist: indeed few plants are at present in greater favour with cultivators than those of the beautiful order of Orchideæ; and our present subject, discovered in Pulo-Pinang, or Prince of Wales’s Island, at the same time with the Ardisia elegans, is certainly not one of the least elegant. Both its peculiar habit and character easily prevent its being confounded with any natural genus yet described, although some species have been enumerated amongst the Limodorums by Dr. Roxburgh, and transposed with no more felicity from thence to Malaxis by Professor Willdenow.--The genus, however, is more allied to Cymbidium in character than either of the above; and, as far as our knowledge of the order at present extends, ought to be placed near to that in the arrangement. The other species of the genus before alluded to are the Malaxis nutans and cernua of Willdenow, Limodorum nutans of the Plants of Coromandel, and the L. recurvum of the same; all of which agree in having the same remarkable flaccidity of foliage, and recurved inflorescence.

The drawing was taken at Stepney last October, and the plant was still in blossom in the end of November.

Some idea of the prodigious extent of this family of plants may be inferred from Dr. Buchanan’s having gathered more than fifty new species in his late journey through Napaul, and Mr. Brown above a hundred, (all now described in his Prodromus,) during his botanical expedition to New Holland and Van Diemen’s Land; and from the statement of the Spanish botanists, Messrs. Ruiz and Pavon, who spent eight years botanizing in South America, that more than a thousand distinct species grow there upon the sides of the Cordilleras!

PLATE DCXXVII.

BEGONIA EVANSIANA.

_Evans’s Begonia._

CLASS XXI. ORDER VII.

_MONŒCIA POLYANDRIA._ Stamens and Styles separate upon the same Plant. Stamens more than Seven.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

_Mas._ CALYX 0. Corolla 4-petala, petalis 2 oppositis majoribus.
Stamina numerosa.

_Fem._ CALYX 0. Corolla 6-seu 4-petala, ut mascula. Styli 3,
bifidi. Capsula infera, triangularis, alata, 3-locularis,
polysperma.

_Male._ CUP none. Blossom 4-petalled, with two opposite petals
larger than the others. Stamens numerous.

_Female._ CUP none. Blossom 6-or 4-petalled, as the male. Styles
3, bifid. Capsule below, triangular, winged, 3-celled, many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

BEGONIA foliis inæqualiter cordatis, suprà hispidulis, nitidis,
margine inæqualibus, acutissimè serrulatis: petalis duobus
lato-ovatis, duobus obovatis quadruplò majoribus: caulibus
flexuoso-erectis, nodosis: axillis bulbiferis.

BEGONIA with unequally heart-shaped leaves a little hispid and
shining above, with the margin irregular, most sharply and finely
toothed: two of the petals broadly ovate, and four times larger
than the two inversely ovate ones: the stem a little zigzag: axils
bulbiferous.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. One of the large petals. 2. A small petal. 3. The stamens, one of the anthers magnified.

For this very ornamental species we are also indebted to T. Evans, esq., whose collector discovered it growing about the sides and clefts of rocks near a waterfall in the interior of the Island of Pulo-Pinang in 1808. As yet it has only produced male flowers at Stepney; but the bulbs in the axils of the leaves always supply abundant means of propagating it, and its beauty and liveliness of colouring well entitle it to a place in every curious collection.

The drawing was taken at Stepney, last October, from a plant about two feet four inches in height.

PLATE DCXXVIII.

CLERODENDRUM PYRAMIDALE.

_Pyramidal Clerodendrum._

CLASS XIV. ORDER II.

_DIDYNAMIA ANGIOSPERMIA._ Two Chives longer. Seeds covered.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-fidus, campanulatus. Corollæ limbo 5-partito, æquali.
Drupa 4-sperma, nuce uniloculari.

CUP 5-cleft, bell-shaped. Limb of the blossom equally 5-parted.
Berry 4-seeded, nut one-celled.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CLERODENDRUM foliis basi profundè cordatis, quinquelobis,
margine undulatis, edentulis: panicula brachiata; pedunculis
pubescentibus, trichotomis.

CLERODENDRUM with the leaves deeply heart-shaped at the base
and five-lobed, waved on the margin and toothless; the panicle
cross-armed; the peduncles pubescent, three-forked.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A blossom spread open. 3. Seed-bud and pointal.

This before unnoticed species of Clerodendrum was introduced from the Island of Pinang, where it grows naturally wild, by T. Evans, Esq. of Stepney, in 1809. The leaves are very large, a little hispid on their upper surface: the height of the plants, in the specimens which we have seen, is from three to five feet. The plant appears to grow freely, and may be propagated by cuttings, but requires to be kept in the hot-house. The drawing was taken at Stepney last October.

PLATE DCXXIX.

DESMANTHUS NATANS.

_Floating Desmanthus, or Aquatic Sensitive._

CLASS XXIII. ORDER I.

_POLYGAMIA MONŒCIA._ Various Dispositions upon one Plant.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

_Hermaph._ CALYX 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-petala vel 5-partita.
Stamina 10. Pistillum 1. Legumen bivalve.

_Neuter._ Calyx 5-dentatus. Corolla 5-petala vel 5-partita vel
nulla. Stamina 10, sterilia, lanceolato-dilatata.

_Hermaph._ CUP 5-toothed. Blossom 5-petalled or 5-parted. Stamens
10. Style 1. Pod 2-valved.

_Neuter._ Cup 5-toothed. Blossom 5-petalled or 5-parted or none.
Stamens 10, sterile, enlarged into a lance-shape.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

DESMANTHUS inermis, foliis bipinnatis, partialibus trijugis,
propriis tredecimjugis, spicis oblongis, interruptis, pedunculo
nudo, caule tereti, radicante. _Willd. Sp. Pl. 4. p. 1044._

UNARMED Desmanthus, with doubly pinnate leaves, the partial wings
in 3 pairs, the proper in 13, the spikes oblong, interrupted, the
flower-stalk naked, the stem round and rooting.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Empalement and blossom. 2. Stamens and pointal, one anther magnified. 3. Seed-bud and pointal, summit magnified.

This little delicate aquatic, growing naturally in pools and lakes of fresh water in India and Cochinchina, and quivering at every breeze, its roots having no attachment to the soil, and the foliage yielding but little to that of the Mimosa pudica in sensibility, forms a most striking contrast to the Anneslea spinosa of our 128th number. Father Loureiro, who calls it Neptunia oleracea, informs us that in China and Cochinchina, where they cultivate it as a salad herb in pools and slow-flowing streams, they are accustomed to tie the plants to stakes, to prevent their floating to a distance.

A description of the plant, accompanied by an elegant figure, will be found in the 2d volume of Dr. Roxburgh’s Plants of the Coast of Coromandel, under the name of Mimosa natans; but from the total dissimilarity between the fruit and that of the genus Mimosa, we have preferred following the arrangement of Professor Willdenow. The specimens from which the drawing was taken were obligingly communicated by Mr. Milne last September from Fonthill. The plant is annual, and according to Mr. Donn’s Catalogue (where see Mimosa natans) was introduced to this country in 1802.

PLATE DCXXX.

ARDISIA LITTORALIS.

_Seaside Ardisia._

CLASS V. ORDER I.

_PENTANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Five Stamens. One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX 5-phyllus. Corolla hypocrateriformis. Antherae magnæ,
erectæ. Stigma simplex. Drupa supera, 1-sperma.

CUP 5-leaved. Blossom salver-shaped. Anthers large, erect. Stigma
simple. Berry above, 1-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

ARDISIA corymbis axillaribus, simplicibus; foliis
obovato-ellipticis, integerrimis, coriaceis, planis.

ARDISIA with axillary simple corymbs and inversely ovate-elliptic,
entire, leathery, flat leaves.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Empalement. 2. A blossom spread open. 3. Seed-bud and pointal.

This species was discovered growing wild on the shores of Pinang, and introduced at the same time with the Ardisia elegans; and flowered in the Stepney collection this year in October and November. The plant from which the drawing was taken is about three feet high; and we are informed by the collector, that the species is considerably dwarfer in Pinang than the A. elegans, and also much more bushy and compact.

PLATE DCXXXI.

STYRAX OFFICINALE.

_Storax Tree._

CLASS X. ORDER I.

_DECANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Ten Stamens. One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX inferus. Corolla imo calyci inserta, subcampanulata,
3-8-partita. Antheræ 10-15. Germen triloculare, polyspermum. Drupa
coriacea, subglobosa, 1-3-sperma.

CUP below. Blossom adhering to the base of the cup, nearly
bell-shaped, 3-to 8-parted. Stamens 10 to 15. Germen of three
cells with many seeds. Berry dry, leathery, nearly round. Seeds 1
to 3.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

STYRAX foliis ovatis subtus villosis, racemis simplicibus folio
brevioribus. _Ait. Kew. 2. p. 75._

STYRAX with the leaves oval, downy beneath, the racemes (bunches
of flowers) simple, shorter than the leaf.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Empalement. 2. A blossom spread open. 3. Seed-bud and pointal.

The Storax tree is a native of the Levant, of Italy, and of the southern parts of Provence in France. The tree is very ornamental, but requires the shelter of a wall in this climate, and while young either to be kept in the green-house or covered during severe frosts. The time of flowering is June and July, but ripe fruits are rarely produced in this country. The principal importation of Storax is said to be from Turkey, where it is obtained both by gathering that which naturally exudes from the trees, and also by making artificial incisions, to which hollow reeds are affixed to receive it. From the accounts of some travellers published by Du Hamel, we learn that they generally adulterate it by mixing it with wax. The Storax-tree is by no means a new acquisition in this country. Gerard in his Herball, published in 1597, informs us that he had two small trees of it in his garden. It is however still a very scarce plant, and only to be found in a few of the principal collections, which, we are informed, is occasioned by the great difficulty of propagating it either by cuttings or layers.

The specimen was communicated, in the beginning of last June, from the well known garden of the Company of Apothecaries at Chelsea.

PLATE DCXXXII.

CYTISUS ELONGATUS.

_Elongated Cytisus._

CLASS XVII. ORDER IV.

_DIADELPHIA DECANDRIA._ Two Brotherhoods. Ten Stamens.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX sub-bilabiatus. Stigma simplex. Legumen oblongum,
compressum, polyspermum.

CUP sub-bilabiate. Stigma simple. Pod oblong, compressed,
many-seeded.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

CYTISUS floribus pedunculatis, lateralibus, subquaternis;
caule erecto: ramis elongatis; calycibus tubulosis; foliolis
obovatis.--_Waldst. et Kit. Hung. v. 2. p. 200. t. 183._

CYTISUS with lateral flowers, commonly by fours, on footstalks;
the stem erect; branches elongated; cups tubular, and leaflets
inversely egg-shaped.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. Empalement. 2. The vexillum. 3. One of the alæ. 4. The carina. 5. The chives. 6. The same spread open. 7. Seed-bud and pointal.

This ornamental species of Cytisus was discovered by Francis Count Waldstein and Dr. Kitaibel, in the county of Bereghi and the Banatian forests in the eastern parts of Hungary, during their botanical excursions in that before nearly uninvestigated region, and published in their Figures and Descriptions of the rare Plants of Hungary, above quoted, at Vienna in 1802. The plant was introduced to this country by Mr. Donn of Cambridge in 1808, and from fine flowering specimens which he communicated last May the present drawing was taken. The common height of the plant is said to be from three to five feet, and the thickness of the stem about an inch. It is perfectly hardy, and has not as yet been enumerated in any catalogue of plants cultivated in this country.

PLATE DCXXXIII.

LIATRIS ODORATISSIMA.

_Sweet-scented Liatris._

CLASS XIX. ORDER I.

_SYNGENESIA POLYGAMIA ÆQUALIS._ Tips United. Equal Polygamy.

ESSENTIAL GENERIC CHARACTER.

RECEPTACULUM nudum. Calyx oblongus, imbricatus. Pappus plumosus,
coloratus.

RECEPTACLE naked. Empalement oblong and tiled. Down feathery and
coloured.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

LIATRIS foliis oblongis, sub-integerrimis, glabris, caulem
amplexantibus. Caulis simplex, glaber. Flores paniculâ corymbosâ,
divaricati. Calyx squamosus, lanceolatus, obtusus.

LIATRIS with oblong leaves nearly entire, smooth, and embracing
the stem. Stem simple and smooth. Flowers grow in a corymbose
panicle, straddling. The squamous empalement lanceolate and obtuse.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. The empalement. 2. A flower. 3. The feathery down magnified. 4. A blossom spread open magnified. 5. Seed-bud and pointal. 6. A radical leaf.

We received the specimen from which our figure is taken from A. B. Lambert, esq., in whose stove it has flowered for the first time in this country. It was brought to England last year by Mr. Fraser from South Carolina. Many attempts have been before made to introduce it, but without success, as the plants either perished on the voyage, or very soon after their arrival. It is, we think, a great acquisition to our collections, on account of the great fragrance of its leaves when dried, which very much resembles the fine perfume of the Tonquin Bean, (_Dipterix odorata_ Linn. Willd.) but more powerful, and which they will retain for many years, as Mr. Lambert has shown us some which have been kept in a box above ten years, and are as highly scented as ever. It seems at present too tender to flower without the assistance of the stove.

PLATE DCXXXIV.

PELIOSANTHES HUMILIS.

_Humble Peliosanthes._

CLASS VI. ORDER I.

_HEXANDRIA MONOGYNIA._ Six Stamens. One Style.

GENERIC CHARACTER.

CALYX nullus. Corolla 6-partita, subrotata; laciniis lato-ovatis,
obtusis. Nectarium corollâ triplo brevius, incrassatum, integrum.
Stamina sub ore nectarii affixa. Filamenta subnulla. Stylus
brevissimus, obtusè trigonus. Stigma depressum. Germen inferum,
3-loculare; loculis dispermis. Bacca? subovata, carnosa.

CUP none. Blossom 6-parted, nearly wheel-shaped; the segments
broadly ovate, blunt. Nectary three times shorter than the
corolla, fleshy, entire. Stamens affixed under the mouth of the
nectary. Filaments scarcely any. Style short, bluntly three-sided.
Stigma depressed. Germen below, three-celled; the cells
two-seeded. The fruit fleshy, nearly oval.

SPECIFIC CHARACTER.

PELIOSANTHES foliis elliptico-lanceolatis subseptemnerviis scapo
longioribus; bracteis flores æquantibus; racemo subovato.

PELIOSANTHES with elliptic-lanced seven-nerved leaves longer than
the scape; the bracts equalling the flowers in length, and the
bunch ovate.

REFERENCE TO THE PLATE.

1. A segment of the flower magnified. 2. Seed-bud and pointal. 3. Seed-bud cut transversely, magnified.