Chapter III: Part II: The Romantic Ideal

VI. THE ROMANTIC MOVEMENT: ITS CHARACTERISTICS AND ITS GROWTH 213

Modern music and modern history; characteristics of the
music of the romantic period--Schubert and the German
romantic movement in literature--Weber and the German
reawakening--The Paris of 1830: French Romanticism--Franz
Liszt--Hector Berlioz--Chopin; Mendelssohn--Leipzig
and Robert Schumann--Romanticism and classicism.

VII. SONG LITERATURE OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD 269

Lyric poetry and song--The song before Schubert--Franz
Schubert; Carl Löwe--Robert Schumann; Robert
Franz; Mendelssohn and Chopin; Franz Liszt as song writer.

VIII. PIANOFORTE AND CHAMBER MUSIC OF THE ROMANTIC PERIOD 293

Development of the modern pianoforte--The pioneers:
Schubert and Weber--Schumann and Mendelssohn--Chopin
and others--Franz Liszt, virtuoso and poet--Chamber
music of the romantic period; Ludwig Spohr and others.

IX. ORCHESTRAL LITERATURE AND ORCHESTRAL DEVELOPMENT 334

The perfection of instruments; emotionalism of the romantic
period; enlargement of orchestral resources--The
symphony in the romantic period; Schubert, Mendelssohn,
Schumann; Spohr and Raff--The concert overture--The rise
of program music; the symphonic _leit-motif_; Berlioz’s
_Fantastique_; other Berlioz symphonies; Liszt’s dramatic
symphonies--Symphonic poem; _Tasso_; Liszt’s other symphonic
poems--The legitimacy of program music.

X. ROMANTIC OPERA AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHORAL SONG 372

The rise of German opera; Weber and the romantic opera;
Weber’s followers--Berlioz as opera composer--The _drame
lyrique_ from Gounod to Bizet--_Opéra comique_ in the
romantic period; the _opéra bouffe_--Choral and sacred music
of the romantic period.