Chapter XVIII: Letter I: told you I had received from George to Haslam with a request to (5)

Keats, John, his genius in prose-writing, xi.;
his Life by Colvin, xi., 331 note;
and by Lord Houghton, xi.;
the characteristics of his letters, xiv. xv.;
his character, "the young Cockney," Shakspeare in his blood, xvi., 14;
his reticence about Fanny Brawne, xvi.;
the influence of Haydon, Leigh Hunt, and Charles Cowden Clarke over
him, xviii.;
his school at Enfield, xviii.;
his portrait, 2;
his thoughts of settling in the country, 4;
he writes in the _Champion_, 8, 47, 49;
he cannot exist without poetry, 9, 165;
"why I should be a poet," 12;
his money troubles, 14, 19, 28;
he reads and writes eight hours a day, but cannot compose when
"fevered in a contrary direction," 14;
his morbidity, 15, 38, 110, 111;
his excitement during composition, 18;
his thoughts of visiting the country, 18;
he writes with energy, 23;
he regards the elements as comforters, 25;
he projects a romance, 32;
he expects to be called Hunt's _eleve_, 35;
he does not expect happiness, 38;
his article on "Covent Garden," 49 and note;
his views of religion, 81, 256;
his plan of life, 94;
he regards the public as an enemy but does not write under its shadow,
96;
he studies Italian, 101, 289;
he determines to learn Greek, 101;
his thoughts of death when alone, 112;
is noticed in the _Edinburgh_ and _Quarterly_, 113;
his ill-health, 122, 347-377;
his independence of criticism, 167;
he expects to be among the English poet after his death, 171;
his defence by Reynolds, 171;
his declamations against matrimony, 180;
his pleasure in solitude, 181;
he talks of giving up writing, 184;
a sonnet and cheque to him, 192, 199;
his notion of a rondeau, 207;
his thoughts of the country, 209;
his notice of Reynolds' _Peter Bell_, 248, 249;
he feels himself the protector of Fanny K., 216;
"he is quite the little poet," 219;
his rhapsody about claret, 222, 223;
his scorn of parsons, 221 _seq._, 233, 268;
he talks of turning physician, 233;
his portrait by Severn, 274;
his change of character, 309;
his distrust of Americans, 312;
his feelings towards Fanny Brawne during his last illness, 371, 372

*Keats, Tom, 8, 9, 11, 44, 47 note, 79, 82, 84, 85, 87, 94, 100, 112,
135, 158, 159, 165, 169, 175, 177, 179, 180, 181, 182, 183, 185,
215, 301 note, 349;
his death, 187 and note;
his illness, 43, 49, 63, 103, 161, 162, 164, 168, 186, 187;
his belief in immortality, 188;
his likeness to Fanny K., 397;
his low spirits, 98;
Wells' treatment of him, 239, 245

Kelly, Mr., 124

Kemble, 198

Kent, Miss, 13, 51

Keswick visited, 114, 115

Kingston, 47, 50 and note, 53, 95, 196;
his criticisms, 98

Kirkman, 190, 208, 209;
his uncle William, 208

Kneller, Sir G., 361

Knox, John, 220

Kotzebue, 241, 300

_La Belle Dame sans Merci_, 250

Lacon, Fool, 339

_Lady of the Lake_, 136

Lakes, the, described, 114, 115

Lamb, Charles, 39, 191, 316, 361;
his practical jokes, 50

_Lamia_, 277, 280, 294, 362 note;
finished, 288;
quoted, 289 and note

Landseer, 50, 58

_Laon and Cythna_, by Shelley, 48 and note

Launce (in _Two Gentlemen of Verona_), 4

_Lear, King_, 47, 58, 63, 80;
a sonnet on, 59

_Leech-gatherer_, the, 31

Leicester, Sir John, 240

Lely, Sir Peter, 361

_Leon, St._, by Godwin, 205

Letters, those to Fanny Brawne omitted, xvii.;
frivolous classification of, 106, 163;
characteristics of K.'s, xv.;
Dated from, Burford Bridge, 40-44;
Carisbrooke, 6;
Carlisle, 116;
Donaghadee, 124;
Featherstone Buildings, 48;
Fleet Street (Wells'), 71;
Hampstead (Well Walk), 33-40, 46, 53-67, 71-78, 109-114, 161-187;
Hampstead (Wentworth Place), 187-273, 331-359;
Keswick, 114;
London, 1-4, 19, 39;
Margate, 10-17;
the _Maria Crowther_, 370;
Mortimer Terrace (Leigh Hunt's), 363;
Naples, 372-374;
Oxford, 19-32;
Rome, 376;
Scotland, 118-123, 125-158
Auchen-cairn, 119, 123;
Ballantrae, 127;
Cairndow, 136;
Dumfries, 118;
Girvan, 129;
Glasgow, 131;
Inverness, 158;
Inverary, 138, 142;
Island of Mull, 144-147;
Kilmelfort, 139;
Kingswells, 130, 133;
Kirkcudbright, 120;
Kirkoswald, 129;
Letter Findlay, 153;
Maybole, 130;
Newton-Stewart, 122, 123;
Oban, 141, 148;
Stranraer, 125;
Shanklin, 275-277;
Southampton, 4;
Teignmouth, 78-103;
Wentworth Place (Mrs. Brawne's), 364-370;
Wesleyan Place, Kentish Town, 360-362;
Winchester, 280-328.
To Bailey, Benjamin, 33, 36, 39, 40, 61, 78, 109, 111, 142, 280;
Brawne, Mrs., 372;
Brown, Charles, 325, 327, 360, 368, 370, 374, 376;
Clarke, Charles Cowden, 1, 2;
Dilke, Charles Wentworth, 40, 163, 277, 322, 328, 354, 359;
Elmes, James, 272;
Haydon, Benjamin Robert, 1, 2, 13, 32, 53, 85, 94, 211, 213, 214, 215,
267, 274, 328, 363, 367;
Hessey, James Augustus, 167;
Hunt, Leigh, 10;
Keats, Fanny, 21, 118, 161, 162, 166, 182, 183, 185, 187, 213, 215,
216, 262, 263, 264, 265, 268, 270, 271, 272, 273, 275, 283, 331,
334, 335, 337, 347, 348, 350, 352, 353, 355, 356, 357, 358, 362,
363, 364, 368;
Keats, George and Georgiana, 168, 187, 217, 290;
Keats, George and Thomas, 4, 46, 48, 54, 57, 71, 75;
Keats, Georgiana, 338;
Keats, Thomas, 114, 123, 127, 136, 147, 153;
Reynolds, Jane, 24, 162;
Reynolds, John Hamilton, 3, 4, 6, 28, 44, 65, 67, 73, 82, 90, 96, 98,
100, 103, 132, 165, 276, 282, 319, 352;
Reynolds, Mariane and Jane, 19;
Reynolds, Mrs., 211;
Rice, James, 88, 186, 335, 350;
Severn, Joseph, 265, 332, 334;
Shelley, Percy Bysshe, 365;
Taylor, John, 53, 58, 64, 71, 77, 99, 114, 212, 281, 286, 333, 360,
367;
Messrs. Taylor and Hessey, 17, 19, 78, 88;
Woodhouse, Richard, 210;
Wylie, Mrs., 158

Lewis, 177, 189, 197, 219, 222

Lewis, David, 349

Life, a palace with chambers, 107, 109;
a pleasant life, 73;
that projected by J. K., 94;
of a man worth anything is an allegory, 226

Lisle, 286

Listen, 198

Little, 106

Little Britain. _See_ Reynoldses, the

Llanos, Senor, xix.

"Lloyd, Lacy Vaughan," _i.e._ J. K., 362 and note

_Lord of the Isles_, 136

Lover, the, a ridiculous person, 293

Lucifer, 25

Lucius, Sir, 210

Ludolph (in _Otho the Great_), 319, 335

Lyceum, 295

Lycidas, 89

Lydia Languish, 83

Macbeth, 288

Machiavelli, 313

Mackenzie, 201

_Macmillan's Magazine_, xii. note

Macready, 335

Magdalen Hall visited, 19 note, 22;
a beautiful name, 84

Mahomet, 159

Maiden-Thought, the second chamber of life, 107

_Maid's Tragedy_, by Beaumont and Fletcher, 228

Man is like a hawk, 236;
is a poor forked creature, 254-257

Mancur or Manker, 208, 245

_Mandeville_, by Godwin, 51, 286

Margate visited, 10-17

_Maria Crowther_ (the ship in which K. went to Naples), 370, 371 note

Mariane. _See_ Reynolds, Mariane

_Mark, St., Eve of_, 221;
quoted, 302, 303

Marlowe, 247 note

Martin, 31, 44, 53, 194, 245, 249, 292, 293, 354

Martin, Miss, 225, 293

Mary Queen of Scots, 6, 32

Massinger, 324

Mathew, Caroline, 208

Mathew, Mrs., 208

_Matthew_ (Wordsworth's), 68

Matthews, the comedian, 297

Matrimony, K. declaims against, 180

Maw the apostate, 219

_Measure for Measure_ quoted, 11

Medicine, the study of, 104

Meg Merrilies's country, 119, 123

Mercury, 75, 344

Mermaid lines, 70, 71 and note

_Merry Wives of Windsor_ quoted, 104 and note

Methodists exposed by Horace Smith, 72

Millar, 339

Millar, Mary, 191, 218, 219, 248, 308, 339;
her suitors, 189, 210

Millar, Mrs., 170, 176, 178, 248

Milman, 87

Milton, 101, 106, 142, 174, 175, 263, 355;
anecdote of, 88, 89, 90;
his Hierarchies, 283;
his influence shown in _Hyperion_, 321;
his Latinised language, 313, 314;
a picture of him, 6;
his philosophy, 108;
quoted, 42, 237;
K.'s verses on his hair, 62;
compared to Wordsworth, 105

Minerva, 344;
her Aegis, 2

Monkhouse, 50, 229, 274

Montague, Lady M. W., 29

Moore, Thomas, 109, 193, 202, 232;
his _Tom Cribb's Memorial to Congress_, 228

Moore's Almanack, 21, 80, 346

Morbidity of temperament, 15

Morley, John, xi.

"Mother, your" (in K.'s American letters). _See_ Wylie, Mrs.

"Mother of Hermes! and still youthful Maia!" etc., 105

Mountains, effect of, 144

Mozart, 193, 194

Muggs, Nehemiah, by Horace Smith, 72

Mulgrave, Lord, 330 and note

Murray, 312

Naples Harbour, 372 _seq._

Napoleon, 174

"Nature withheld Cassandra in the skies," etc., 166

Negative capability needed by men of achievement, 48

Nelson, 98

Neville, Henry, 192, 193

Nevis, Ben, described, 153

Newport visited, 7, 8

Newton, Rev. John, xv.

Nicolini, the singer, 20

Niece. _See_ Keats, Emily

_Nightingale, Ode to_, 91 note, 272 note, 342

Nile, sonnets on, 72

Nimrod, 26

Niobe, 38

Northcote, 240

Norval, 337

"No! those days are gone away," etc., 69

"Not Aladdin magian," 150

"Not as a swordsman would I pardon crave," etc., 319

Novello, 191, 193, 195

Novello, Mrs., 197

_Nymphs, The_, by Leigh Hunt, 11

Odes, the, 362 note

"Of late two dainties were before me placed," etc., 139

"O Goddess! hear these tuneless numbers, wrung," etc., 259

"O golden-tongued Romance with serene Lute!" etc., 59

"Old Meg she was a gipsy," etc., 120

Ollier, 1, 87, 179, 197, 219;
published K.'s _Poems_, 72;
his _Altam and his Wife_, 197

_One, Two, Three, Four_, by Reynolds, 295

"Opening on Neptune with fair blessed beams," etc., 25

Ophelia, 80

Opie, Mrs., 72

Ops, 184

_Original Poems_, by Miss Taylor, 23

Orinda, the matchless. _See_ Philips, Mrs.

Orpheus, 214

"O soft embalmer of the still midnight," etc., 259

_Othello_, 329

_Otho the Great_, 277, 279, 280, 281, 284, 285, 323, 325, 335, 336, 340
(sometimes referred to as the, or our, tragedy)

"O those whose face hath felt the winter's wind," etc., 74

"Over the hill and over the dale," etc., 90

"O what can ail thee knight-at-arms," etc., 250

Oxford described, 20, 22;
visited, 19-32

_Oxford Herald_, The, 112 and note

Paine, Tom, 299

Paolo, 246

_Paradise Lost_, 42, 89, 108, 281, 282, 313

Park, Mungo, 50

Parsons, 221 _seq._, 233, 268

Patmore, 106

Payne, Howard, 191

Peachey, 192, 217, 226

Peachey family, 49

Peacock, 87

"Pensive they sit, and roll their languid eyes," etc., 293

Peona, 38

Pepin, King, the History of, 21

Percy Street (_i.e._ the Hesseys), 54, 78, 88, 100, 114, 282

_Peter Bell_, by Wordsworth, and the parody by Reynolds, 240, 248, 249

Petzelians, 10

Phaethon, 12

Philips, Mrs., her verses to Mrs. M[ary] A[ubrey], 29

Phillips, old, 26

Philosopher's stone, 32

Philosopher's back-garden, 89

Physician, K.'s thoughts of becoming a, 233

_Pilgrim's Progress_, 21

Pindar, Peter, 49, 72, 348

Pistol (in _Henry IV._), 84 and note

Pizarro, 254

Pliny, 233

_Plutarch's Lives_, 14

_Pocket-book, The Literary_, by Leigh Hunt, 190, 197

Poems of 1817, 2 note

Poems, original, by Miss Taylor, 23

"Poet, he is quite the little," said of K., 219

Poet, the Northern, _i.e._ Wordsworth, 28

"Poet, why I should be a," 12

Poets, advertisement to, in the _Chronicle_, 46

Poets, the English, K. expects to be among, after death, 171

Poets, the vices of, 211, 212

Poetry, axioms of, 77;
genius of, 167, 168;
effect of writing on K., 18;
K. cannot exist without, 9, 165;
K. cannot write when "fevered in a contrary direction," 14;
invention the Polar Star of, 34;
a Jack o'Lantern, 81;
other things necessary, 101;
not written under the shadow of public thought, 96;
should be retiring, unobtrusive, 68

Politics, 298

Pope's _Homer_, 13, 14

Popularity, 281

Porter, Jane, 219

Porter, the Misses, 192, 193

_Pot of Basil_, 101, 113

Present, an anonymous, 192, 199

Primrose Island, the Isle of Wight, 7

Proserpine, 142

Prose writing, genius of K. in, xi.

Protector of Fanny K., 216

Protestantism discussed, 108

_Psyche, Ode to_, 115 note, 259

Public, the, an enemy to K., 96

Punctuation peculiar, preserved, xiv.

Pythagoras, 89

_Quarterly Review_, the, 37, 113, 167, 171, 224, 302

_Queen Mab_, 48

R.'s, the Miss. _See_ Reynolds, Misses

Rabelais, 76

Radcliffe, Mrs., 83, 221

Rakehell, 44

Raleigh, Sir W., 20

Raphael, 17, 201

"Read me a lesson, Muse, and speak it loud," etc., 158

Red Riding Hood, 177

Redhall, 52, 195, 202

Reformation, effects of, 108

Religion, K. on, 81, 256

_Revolt of Islam_, 48 note

*Reynolds, Jane, xii., 8, 27, 33, 43;
as St. Jane, 39;
a translator, 24

*Reynolds, John Hamilton, xi., 2, 5, 6, 17, 18, 27, 33, 34, 35, 36, 46,
48, 54, 57, 62, 71, 130, 142, 162, 164, 179, 198, 218, 223, 245,
311, 324, 335, 352, 354, 376 (sometimes as John);
anecdote of, 308;
two articles by, 72;
his character, 344;
defends K., 171;
writes for the _Edinburgh Review_, 60, 190, 198;
poetical epistle by K. to, 91;
his farce, 295;
his _Garden of Florence_, 67 and note;
his illness, 76, 90, 97, 100, 111, 113;
he takes up law, 323, 325;
his quarrel with Haydon, 55, 61;
his _Peter Bell_, 240, 248, 249;
his sonnets, 3 note, 67 and note, 69;
his Spenserian, 103, 104

*Reynolds, Mariane, xii., 26, 27, 33, 43;
her attitude towards Bailey, 225

Reynolds, the Misses, 6, 9, 44, 102, 135, 172, 173, 190, 218, 225
(sometimes as sisters of J. H. R.)

*Reynolds, Mrs., 36, 44, 102, 114, 135, 172, 225, 264, 348 (mother of
J. H. R.)

Reynoldses, the, 19, 44, 49, 97, 111, 142, 164, 165 note, 198, 225, 322
(sometimes as Little Britain)

"Reynolds's Cove," a spot so called by K., 28, 31

_Rhyme, Essays in_, by Miss Taylor, 23

*Rice, James, xii., 9, 31, 36, 50, 52, 64, 84, 102, 104, 111, 135, 164,
166, 177, 198, 219, 223, 225, 249, 282, 292, 345, 354, 373;
(once as Master Jemmy) and the barmaids, 90;
his character, 344;
his ill health, 33, 44, 58, 273, 276, 277

Richards, 3, 72, 219, 241, 344

Richardson, 301, 330

_Rimini, The Story of_, by Hunt, 10, 58

Ritchie, 50, 198

Robertson's _America_, 254

Robin Hood, 125;
sonnets to, by Reynolds, 67 note;
J. K. answers above, 68, 69 and note

Robinson, Crabb, 72 and note

Robinson, Miss, 196

Rodwell, 53

Rogers, 218, 232

Romance, a fine thing, 88;
projected by K., 32

Rome visited, 376, 377

Romeo, 25

Rondeau, K.'s notion of, 207

Ronsard translated by K., 165, 166

Ross, Captain, 189

_Round Table_, by Hazlitt, 31 and note

Ruth, 125

Salmasius, 88, 89

Salmon, Mr., 212

Sam [Brawne], 373

Sancho, 67

Sandt, 300

Sannazaro, 313

Sappho, 29

Saturn, 184

Saunders, 293

Sawrey, Dr., 49, 166

Sawrey, Mrs., 238, 239

Scenery, 80

Schoolmaster of K., xviii.

Scotch, the, 118, 124, 126

Scotland visited, 110, 118-158

Scott, John (editor of the _Champion_), 8 note, 50, 167 note

Scott, Mrs., 72

Scott, Sir W., 76, 198;
author of "Cockney" articles, 60
and note; compared to Smollett, 51, 52

Sea, a sonnet on the, 8

Serjeant, the, of Fielding or Smollett, 52

*Severn, Joseph, xix., 3, 49, 186, 231, 293, 306;
orders for drawing from Emperor of Russia, 52;
his illness, 171;
his "Hermia and Helena," 265;
draws a head of K., 274;
his "Cave of Despair," 334 and note, 335;
is with K. during his last illness and death, 373, 375, 377 note

Shakspeare, xvi., xviii., 1 note, 5 note, 7 note, 8, 9, 16, 17, 25, 47,
48, 72, 77, 80, 81, 84, 95 note, 101, 106, 107, 131, 177, 189,
201, 221, 226, 228, 229, 263, 281, 337, 343, 355;
his Christianity, 11;
a presiding genius to K., 14;
his seal, 85;
his sonnets, 45

Shandy, Tristram, 344

Shanklin described, 6 _seq._;
visited, 275-280

Sheil's play, 231, 232

*Shelley, 12 and note, 33, 35, 76, 365;
captious about _Endymion_, 58;
his _Laon and Cythna_ and _Queen Mab_ objected to, 48;
as a letter-writer, xv.;
his sonnet on the Nile, 72

Shelley, Mrs., 12, 366

Shipton, Mother, 232

_Sibylline Leaves_, 18, 40

Sidney, Algernon, 174, 175

Sidney, Sir Philip, 10

Silenus, 223

Simon Pure, 248, 249

Simple (in _Merry Wives_), 95 note

Sister or sister-in-law (in K.'s American letters). _See_ Wylie,
Georgiana

Skinner, 245

Slang of the Rice set, 50

Sleep, sonnet on, 259

Slips of the pen, not preserved in this edition, xiv.

Smith, Horace, 33, 47, 72, 75

Smith, Sidney, 309

Smith, William, Southey's letter to, 10 note

Smithfield, the burnings at, 108

Smollett compared to Scott, 51, 52

Snook, 26, 195 and note, 219, 317, 371 note;
visited by K., 217

Socrates, 255;
and Jesus, 236

Solitude, K.'s pleasure in, 181

Solomon, 100

"Solomon," by Haydon, 214

Songs, many written by K., 72

Sonnet to Keats, a, 199

Sonnets by K., 2, 8, 59, 66, 81, 117, 139, 158, 238, 246, 258, 259;
a new form, 261;
many written, 72;
one on the Nile, 72 and note

Sophocles, 142

"Souls of Poets dead and gone," etc., 70

Southampton, road to, described, 4 _seq._

Southcote, Joanna, 220

Southey, 232, 244, 361;
Hazlitt on, 10 and note, 16

_Spectator_, The, 293

Speed's edition of K., xiii. and note

Spelling tricks, K.'s, not followed in this edition, xiv.

Spenser, 9;
his _Cave of Despair_ subject of a picture by Severn, 334 note, 335

Staffa described, 150

Stark (the artist), 76

"Star of high promise!--not to this dark age," etc. (sonnet to K.), 199

Stephens, 49

Stevenson (Rice's nickname for Thornton), 345

Susan Gale, 249

Swift, 76, 344

T., Mr., 18. _See_ Taylor

Tam o' Shanter, 130, 133

Tarpeian Rock, 38

Tasso, 95 note

Taste, Hazlitt's depth of, 53, 54

*Taylor, xi., 18, 44, 53, 56, 76, 97, 111, 135, 168, 177, 199, 221, 236,
238, 248, 250, 292, 324, 340;
he helps K., 290;
he is pleased with _Endymion_, 57;
and suggests changes, 77

Taylor, Jeremy, 225

Taylor, Miss (author of _Essays in Rhyme_ and _Original Poems_), 23

Taylors, the (as Fleet Street), 54

Teignmouth visited, 78-109

_Tempest_ quoted, 5 note, 7 note, 9, 245

Tertullian, 10

Text of this edition, xiv.

Theatricals, private, described, 59

Theocritus, 180

"There is a charm in footing slow across a silent plain," etc., 146

"There was a naughty Boy," etc., 121

"The sun from meridian height," etc., 25

"The Town, the churchyard, and the setting sun," etc., 117

Thomson, 72, 234

Thornton, 163, 345

Thought, the centre of the intellectual world, 82

Tighe, Mrs., 201

Timotheus, 25

_Tintern Abbey_, by Wordsworth, 108

"'Tis the witching time of night," etc., 175

Tom. _See_ Keats, Tom

_Tom Cribb's Memorial to Congress_, by Moore, 228, 344

Tootts, 373

Tournament, suggested by mountains, 116

Towers, Mr., 218

Tragedy. _See_ _Otho the Great_

Trimmer, Mr., 192

Troilus, 180

Trojan horse, 96

Turton, Dr., 101

_Twelfth Night_, quoted 11

Twisse, Horace, 198

"Two or three Posies," etc., 269

Unreserve of K.'s letters, xiv.

"Upon a Sabbath-day it fell," etc., 303

"Upon my Life Sir Nevis I am pique'd," 156

Urganda, 18

"Uriel," by Alston, 76

Vandyck, 361

Vathek, Caliph, 134

Velocipede, 233

Venery, the philosophy of, 106

_Venus and Adonis_, quoted, 45

Verse and other quotations in letters given in full in this edition,
xiii.

_Virgil_, 18

Voltaire, 76, 231, 254, 362

Waldegrave, Miss, 170, 191, 219, 248, 292, 315

Wallace, 329

Walpole's Letters, 208

Walton, 290

Warder, 181

Warner Street, 3

Washington, 175

Way, 221

Webb, Cornelius, 39

Webb, Mrs., 218

Wellington, Duke of, 17, 345

Well Walk (where the brothers K. lodged), 152, 183

Wells, Charles, 47 and note, 48 note, 49, 50, 52, 55, 58, 59;
his treatment of George K., 239, 245

Wells, Mrs., 52

Wentworth Place (occupied by Dilke and Brown), 142, 163, (K. moves to),
187

Wentworthians, the, 223

"Were they unhappy then?--It cannot be," etc., 102

West, 87;
his "Death on the Pale Horse," 47

"When I have fears that I may cease to be," etc., 66

"When they were come into the Faery's Court," etc., 241

"Where be ye going, you Devon Maid?" etc., 66

"Wherein lies Happiness! In that which becks," etc., 64

Whitehead, 63, 82

"Why did I laugh to-night? No voice will tell," etc., 238

Wight, Isle of, "the Primrose Island," 7;
visited, 6-9, 275-279, 370

Wilkie, 76, 111

Wilkinson, 6

William of Wickham, 284

Williams, Dominie, 218

Williams, Mrs., 34

Winchester described, 283 _seq._, 302, 320;
visited, 280-328

Winkine (author of treatise on garden-rollers), 20

Winter, Miss, 231

Women, the influence of, 143;
classed with "roses and sweetmeats," 370;
why should they suffer? 61

Wood, 10

*Woodhouse, Richard, 100, 114, 168, 218, 248, 250, 282, 287 note, 289
note, 320 note, 322, 324;
copied letters, xi.;
a letter from him introducing Miss Porter, 192, 193

Wooler, 47

Wordsworth, 2 and note, 17, 28, 33, 39, 50, 54, 55, 58, 79, 81, 95,
114, 232, 236, 249, 361 (as the Northern Poet, 28);
his character, 76;
his genius, 105-108;
his _Gipsy_, 37;
his house, 116;
damned the Lakes, 87;
his _Peter Bell_, 240;
his philosophy illustrated by his _Matthew_, 67, 68;
his portrait in Haydon's "Christ," 16 and note;
he is read by K., 28;
his _Tintern Abbey_, 108;
the "Wordsworthian or egotistical Sublime style of poetry," 184

Wordsworth, Mrs. and Miss (as W. W.'s wife and sister), 87

Wylie, Charles, 165, 170, 178, 189, 292, 307, 339, 341, 342, 344
(sometimes as Charles)

*Wylie, Georgiana, 75 and note, 117, 119, 192, 200, 201, 305, 306, 372
(sometimes as sister, sister-in-law, G. minor, or little George);
an acrostic on her name, 300;
admired by K., 113, 169, 173;
married to George K., xix.

Wylie, Henry, 170, 176, 178, 197, 219, 231, 257, 292, 341, 346, 358
(sometimes as Henry);
"a greater blade than ever," 307;
his bride cake, 339

*Wylie, Mrs., 117, 158, 168, 169, 178, 189, 191, 197, 217, 222, 223,
231, 239, 248, 257, 263, 270, 284, 292, 307, 314, 337, 338, 341,
349 (sometimes as mother)

Wylie, Mrs. Henry, 339, 346

Wylies, the two, _i.e._ Charles and Henry, 239, 248, 266, 348, 364
(sometimes as brothers)

Wylies, the (as Henrietta Street), 189

_Wyoming, Gertrude of_, 342

_Yellow Dwarf_, the, 67 note, 72

Young (the actor), 285

Zoroastrians, 257

THE END

_Printed in Great Britain by_ R. & R. CLARK, LIMITED, _Edinburgh_.

FOOTNOTES:

[A] A complete friend. This line sounded very oddly to me at first.

[B] Especially as I have a black eye.

[1] Macmillan's Magazine, August 1888.

[2] For the letters already printed by Lord Houghton, Mr. Forman as a rule simply copied the text of that editor. The letters to Fanny Brawne and Fanny Keats, on the other hand, he printed with great accuracy from the autographs, and had autographs also before him in revising those to Dilke, Haydon, and several besides. The correspondence with Fanny Keats he kindly gave me leave to use for the present volume, receiving from me in return the right to use my MS. materials for a revised issue of his own work. In that issue, which appeared at the end of 1889, the new matter is, however, printed separately, in the form of scraps and addenda detached from their context; and the present edition (the appearance of which has been delayed for two years by accidental circumstances) is the only one in which the true text of the American and miscellaneous letters is given consecutively and in proper order.

[3] The letters in which I have relied wholly or in part on Mr. Speed's text are Nos. xxv. lxxx. (only for a few passages missing in the autograph) cxvi. and cxxxi.

[4] Where the dates in my text are printed without brackets, they are those given by Keats himself; the dates within brackets have been supplied either from the postmarks (as was done by Woodhouse in all his transcripts) or by inference from the text.

[5] The autographs of these letters, all except three, are now in the British Museum.

[6] The early letters of Keats are full of these Shakspearean tags and allusions: some of the less familiar I have thought it worth while to mark in the footnotes.

[7] The references are of course to Wordsworth, Leigh Hunt, and Haydon. In the sonnet as printed in the _Poems_ of 1817, and all later editions, the last line but one breaks off at "workings," the words "in the human mart" having been omitted by Haydon's advice.

[8] Presumably as shown in some drawing or miniature.

[9] Not the long poem published under that title in 1818, but the earlier attempt beginning, "I stood tiptoe upon a little hill," which was printed as a fragment in the _Poems_ of 1817.

[10] This letter, which is marked by Woodhouse in his copy "no date, sent by hand," I take to be an answer to the commendatory sonnet addressed by Reynolds to Keats on February 27, 1817: see _Keats_ (Men of Letters Series), Appendix, p. 223.

[11] For Stephano's "Here's my comfort," twice in _Tempest_, II. ii.

[12]

"I'll not show him
Where the quick freshes are."

Caliban in _Tempest_, III. ii.

[13] This sonnet was first published in the _Champion_ (edited by John Scott) for August 17, 1817.

[14] Charles Cowden Clarke.

[15] For Sunday, May 4, 1817.

[16] The first part, published in the same number of the _Examiner_, of a ferocious review by Hazlitt of Southey's _Letter to William Smith, Esq., M.P._

[17] The poem so entitled on which Hunt was now at work, and which was published in the volume called _Foliage_ (1818).

[18] Alluding to the well-known story of Shelley dismaying an old lady in a stage-coach by suddenly, _a propos_ of nothing, crying out to Leigh Hunt in the words of Richard II., "For God's sake, let us sit upon the ground," etc.

[19] Opening speech of the King in _Love's Labour's Lost_.

[20] _I.e._, their likenesses, as introduced by Haydon into his picture of Christ's Entry into Jerusalem.

[21] General Bertrand, who followed Napoleon to St. Helena.

[22] On a visit to Benjamin Bailey at Magdalen Hall.

[23] Littlehampton.

[24] Reynolds's family lived in Little Britain.

[25] William Dilke, a younger brother of Charles Dilke, who had served in the Commissariat department in the Peninsula, America, and Paris. He died in 1885 at the age of 90.

[26] The _Round Table_: republished from the _Examiner_ of the two preceding years.

[27] First Lord in _All's Well that Ends Well_, IV. iii.

[28] Bentley, the Hampstead postman, was Keats's landlord at the house in Well Walk where he and his brothers had taken up their quarters the previous June.

[29] G. R. Gleig, son of the Bishop of Stirling: born 1796, died 1888: served in the Peninsula War and afterwards took orders: Chaplain-General to the Forces from 1846 to 1875: author of the _Subaltern_ and many military tales and histories.

[30] Reynolds and Rice.

[31] _Sic_: for "unpaid"?

[32]

"She disappear'd, and left me dark: I waked
To find her, or for ever to deplore
Her loss, and other pleasures all abjure:
When, out of hope, behold her not far off,
Such as I saw her in my dream, adorn'd
With what all Earth or Heaven could bestow
To make her amiable."

_Paradise Lost_, Book VIII.

[33] Charles Wells, a schoolmate of Tom Keats; afterwards author of _Stories after Nature_ and _Joseph and his Brethren_. For Keats's subsequent cause of quarrel with him see below, Letter XCII.

[34] An admirable phrase!--if only _penetralium_ were Latin.

[35] _Laon and Cythna_, presently changed to _The Revolt of Islam_.

[36] The family of Charles Wells lived at this address.

[37] Both in fact appeared in the number for Sunday, January 4: see postscript below.

[38] The Hampstead doctor who attended the Keats brothers.

[39] The text of this letter is described by its American editor (who seems to have mistaken the order of one or two passages) as written in an evident hurry and almost illegible.

[40] Mr. Kingston was a Commissioner of Stamps, an acquaintance and tiresome hanger-on of Wordsworth.

[41] For a more glowing account of this supper party of December 28, 1817, compare Haydon, _Autobiography_, i. p. 384. The Mr. Ritchie referred to started on a Government mission to Fezzan in September 1818, and died at Morzouk the following November. An account of the expedition was published by his travelling companion, Captain G. F. Lyon, R.N.

[42] The manager: of whom Macready in his _Reminiscences_ has so much that is pleasant to say.

[43] Tea-merchant, of Pancras Lane and Walthamstow: guardian to the Keats brothers and their sister.

[44] Of course a mere delusion; but Hunt and those of his circle retained for years afterwards an impression that Scott had in some way inspired or encouraged the _Cockney School_ articles.

[45] Alluding to two sonnets of Reynolds _On Robin Hood_, copies of which Keats had just received from him by post. They were printed in the _Yellow Dwarf_ (edited by John Hunt) for February 21, 1818, and again in the collection of poems published by Reynolds in 1821 under the title _A Garden of Florence_.

[46] Both the _Robin Hood_ and the _Mermaid_ lines as afterwards printed vary in several places from these first drafts.

[47] Henry Crabb Robinson, author of the _Diaries_.

[48] The Olliers (Shelley's publishers) had brought out Keats's _Poems_ the previous spring, and the ill success of the volume had led to a sharp quarrel between them and the Keats brothers.

[49] Georgiana Wylie, to whom George Keats was engaged.

[50] This letter has been hitherto erroneously printed under date September 1818.

[51] Reading doubtful.

[52] The five lines ending here Keats afterwards re-cast, doubtless in order to get rid of the cockney rhyme "ports" and "thoughts."

[53] "And, sweetheart, lie thou there":--Pistol (to his sword) in _Henry IV._, Part 2, II. iv.

[54] Replying to an ecstatic note of Haydon's about a seal with a true lover's knot and the initials W. S., lately found in a field at Stratford-on-Avon.

[55] _Dentatus_ was the subject of Haydon's new picture.

[56] The famous picture now belonging to Lady Wantage, and exhibited at Burlington House in 1888. Whether Keats ever saw the original is doubtful (it was not shown at the British Institution in his time), but he must have been familiar with the subject as engraved by Vivares and Woollett, and its suggestive power worked in his mind until it yielded at last the distilled poetic essence of the "magic casement" passage in the _Ode to a Nightingale_. It is interesting to note the theme of the Grecian Urn ode coming in also amidst the "unconnected subject and careless verse" of this rhymed epistle.

[57] _Sic_: probably, as suggested by Mr. Forman, for "I hope what you achieve is not lost upon me."

[58] The English rebels against tradition in poetry and art at this time took much the same view of the French dramatists of the _grand siecle_ as was taken by the _romantiques_ of their own nation a few years later; and Haydon had written to Keats in his last letter, "When I die I'll have Shakspeare placed on my heart, with Homer in my right hand and Ariosto in the other, Dante at my head, Tasso at my feet, and Corneille under my ----"

[59] "He hath fought with a Warrener":--Simple in _Merry Wives_, I. iv.

[60] The first draught of the proposed preface to _Endymion_.

[61] Changed in the printed version to--"His image in the dusk she seemed to see."

[62] The quotation is from Slender in _Merry Wives of Windsor_, I. i.

[63] Meaning the atmosphere of the little Bentleys in Well Walk.

[64] "I will make an end of my dinner; there's pippins and cheese to come":--Sir Hugh Evans in _Merry Wives of Windsor_, I. ii.

[65] The crossing of the letter, begun at the words "Have you not," here _dips_ into the original writing.

[66] The _Oxford Herald_ for June 6, 1818.

[67] Referring probably to the unfortunate second marriage made by their mother.

[68] A leaf with the name and "from the Author," notes Woodhouse.

[69] _Compare the Ode to Psyche_:--

"Far, far around shall those dark-crested trees
Fledge the wild-ridged mountains steep by steep."

[70] Wordsworth's lines "To Joanna" seem to have been special favourites with Keats.

[71] Keats here repeats for his brother the Meg Merrilies piece contained in the preceding letter to Fanny.

[72] Reading doubtful.

[73] Here follows a sketch.

[74] The Swan and Two Necks, Lad Lane, London, seems to have been the coach office for Liverpool and the North-West; compare Lamb's _Letters_ (ed. Ainger), vol. i. p. 241.

[75] By Long Island Keats means, not of course the great chain of the Outer Hebrides so styled, but the little island of Luing, east of Scarba Sound. His account of the place from which he is writing, and its distance from Oban as specified in the paragraph added there next day, seem to identify it certainly as Kilmelfort.

[76] Cary's translation.

[77] No place so named appears on any map: but at the foot of the Cruach-Doire-nan-Cuilean, off the road, is a house named Derrynaculan, and a few miles farther on, at the head of Loch Seridain, an ancient fortified site or _Dun_, with an inn on the road near by.

[78] For Loch na Keal.

[79] The six lines from "place" to "dance" were judiciously omitted by Keats in copying these verses later.

[80] Miss Charlotte Cox, an East-Indian cousin of the Reynoldses--the "Charmian" described more fully in Letter LXXIII.

[81] Referring to these words in John Scott's letter in his defence, _Morning Chronicle_, October 3, 1818:--"That there are also many, very many passages indicating both haste and carelessness I will not deny; nay, I will go further, and assert that a real friend of the author would have dissuaded him from immediate publication."

[82] Miss Charlotte Cox; see above, Letter LXX.

[83] This, notes Woodhouse, is in reply to a letter of protest he had written Keats concerning "what had fallen from him, about six weeks back, when we dined together at Mr. Hessey's, respecting his continuing to write; which he seemed very doubtful of."

[84] On the death of his brother Tom (which took place December 1, a few hours after the last letter was written) Brown urged Keats to leave the lodgings where the brothers had lived together, and come and live with him at Wentworth Place--a block of two semi-detached houses in a large garden at the bottom of John Street, of which Dilke occupied the larger and Brown the smaller: see _Keats_ (Men of Letters Series), p. 128. Keats complied; and henceforth his letters dated Hampstead must be understood as written not from Well Walk, but from Wentworth Place.

[85] A paper of the largest folio size, used by Keats in this letter only, and containing some eight hundred words a page of his writing.

[86] This is Keats's first mention of Fanny Brawne. His sense on first acquaintance of her power to charm and tease him must be understood, in spite of his reticence on the subject, as having grown quickly into the absorbing passion which tormented the remainder of his days.

[87] Of Bedhampton Castle: a connection of the Dilkes and special friend of Brown.

[88] _I.e._ on George Keats's mother-in-law, Mrs. Wylie.

[89] The tassels were a gift from his sister-in-law.

[90] The sheet which Keats accidentally left out in making up his packet in the spring, and which he forwarded with this supplement from Winchester the following September, seems to have begun with the words, "On Monday we had to dinner," etc. (p. 231), and to have ended with the words, "but as I am" (p. 235, line 1): at least this portion of the letter is missing in the autograph now before me. I supply it from Jeffrey's transcript.

[91] To about this date must belong the posthumously printed _Ode on Indolence_, which describes the same mood with nearly the same imagery. Possibly the "black eye" mentioned by Keats in his footnote, together with the reflections on street-fighting later on, may help us to fix the date of his famous fight with the butcher boy.

[92] Compare the repetition of the same thought and phrase in the ode _To a Nightingale_ written two months later.

[93] Slightly misquoted from _Macbeth_ in the banquet scene.

[94] By mistake for the 19th of March.

[95] For "put together"?

[96] Brown's younger brothers: see below, p. 245.

[97]

"Sometime am I
All wound with adders, who with cloven tongues
Do hiss me into madness."

Caliban in _Tempest_, II. ii.

[98] This old word for a snack between meals is used by Marlowe and Ben Jonson, and I believe still survives at some of the public schools.

[99] This notice of Reynolds's parody was printed, with some revision, in the _Examiner_ for April 26, 1819.

[100] There is no other autograph copy of this famous poem except the draft here given. It contains several erasures and corrections. In verse 3 Keats had written first, for "a lily" and "a fading rose," "death's lily" and "death's fading rose": in verse 4, for "Meads," "Wilds": in verse 7, for "manna dew," "honey dew": in verse 8, for "and sigh'd full sore," "and there she sigh'd"; in verse 11, for "gaped wide," "wide agape": and in verse 12, for "sojourn," "wither."

[101] _Sic_: obviously for "run" or "go."

[102] In all probability the _Ode to a Nightingale_, published in the July number of the _Annals of the Fine Arts_, of which James Elmes was editor.

[103] This and the next interpolation are Brown's.

[104] So copied by Woodhouse: query "battle-axe"?

[105] Keats's quotation from his first draft of Lamia continued, says Woodhouse, for thirty lines more: but as the text varied much from that subsequently printed, and as Woodhouse's notes of these variations are lost, I can only give thus much, from an autograph first draft of the passage in the possession of Lord Houghton.

[106] Keats here copies, with slight changes and abridgments, his letter to Tom of July 23, 1818 (see above, p. 147), ending with the lines written after visiting Staffa: as to which he adds, "I find I must keep memorandums of the verses I send you, for I do not remember whether I have sent the following lines upon Staffa. I hope not; 'twould be a horrid bore to you, especially after reading this dull specimen of description. For myself I hate descriptions. I would not send it if it were not mine."

[107] The beautiful _Ode to Autumn_, the draft of which Keats had copied in a letter (unluckily not preserved) written earlier in the same day to Woodhouse.

[108] Sir George Beaumonts and Lord Mulgraves: compare Haydon's _Life_ and _Correspondence_.

[109] In the interval between the last letter and this, Keats had tried the experiment of living alone in Westminster lodgings, and failed. After a visit to his beloved at Hampstead, he could keep none of his wise resolutions, but wrote to her, "I can think of nothing else ... I cannot exist without you ... you have absorb'd me ... I shall be able to do nothing--I should like to cast the die for Love or Death--I have no patience with anything else" ... and at the end of a week he had gone back to live next door to her with Brown at Wentworth Place. Here he quickly fell into that state of feverish despondency and recklessness to which his friends, especially Brown, have borne witness, and the signs of which are perceptible in his letters of the time, and still more in his verse, viz. the remodelled _Hyperion_ and the _Cap and Bells_: see _Keats_ (Men of Letters Series), pp. 180-190.

[110] Referring to the fairy poem of _The Cap and Bells_, the writing of which, says Brown, was Keats's morning occupation during these weeks.

[111] Spenser's Cave of Despair was the subject of the picture (already referred to in Letter CXXIV.) with which Severn won the Royal Academy premium, awarded December 10 of this year.

[112] George Keats had come over for a hurried visit to England on business.

[113] Hemorrhage from the lungs; in which Keats recognised his death-warrant, and after which the remainder of his life was but that of a doomed invalid. The particulars of the attack, as related by Charles Brown, are given by Lord Houghton, and in _Keats_ (Men of Letters Series), p. 193.

[114] Brown having let his house (Wentworth Place) when he started for a fresh Scotch tour on May 7, Keats moved to lodgings at the above address in order to be near Leigh Hunt, who was then living in Mortimer Terrace, Kentish Town.

[115] The _Cap and Bells_ was to have appeared under this pseudonym. By "begin" Keats means begin again (compare above, CXXXVIII.): he did not, however, do so, and the eighty-eight stanzas of the poem which are left all belong to the previous year (end of October--beginning of December 1819).

[116] The volume containing _Lamia_, _Isabella_, _The Eve of St. Agnes_, _Hyperion_, and the _Odes_.

[117] After the attack last mentioned, Keats went to be taken care of in Hunt's house, and stayed there till August 12.

[118] Chapman's _Homer_.

[119] The _Maria Crowther_ had in fact sailed from London September 18: contrary winds holding her in the Channel, Keats had landed at Portsmouth for a night's visit to the Snooks of Bedhampton.

[120] On the 10th of December following came a renewal of fever and hemorrhage, extinguishing the last hope of recovery: and after eleven more weeks of suffering, only alleviated by the devoted care of Severn, the poet died in his friend's arms on the 23d of February 1821.

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