Chapter XXVI: Rama's Mission Fulfilled (2)

Brahmanical Age, religious revolution in, xxxix;
growth of ritualism and pantheism, 119, 120;
religious revolts in, 120, 121;
bold pantheism of, 122.

Brahmanism, post-Buddhistic rival of, xl, 134, 135;
during the Buddhist Age, 132, 138;
goddesses prominent after reform of, 148.

Bräh´mans, the “white”, xxv;
as members of Mediterranean race, xxvii;
rise of organized priesthood, 80;
four periods of lives of, 81;
as hermits, 82;
what culture owes to, 82;
algebra the gift of, 83;
as “human gods”, 84;
powers derived from penance, 85;
ceremonies of riddance by, 86, 87;
centre of ancient culture of, 88;
pantheistic doctrines of, 88;
Upanishadic doctrine of the world soul, 99;
teaching of, 102;
concessions by to popular opinion, 103;
systematized religion, 116;
the modern, 119;
gods and men depend upon, 121;
supremacy over Kshatriyas, 121;
struggle with Kshatriyas, 136;
Kuru Panchala country the centre of, 155.

Brahmaputra, a male river, 152.

Breath of life. See _Air of Life_.

Bretons, Celts and, xxxv;
Normans mix with, xxxvi.

Brihaspati (brï-hăsh´păt-ï), “Lord of Prayer” in Vedic creation myth,
10.

Britain, cremation custom in, xxxvi, xxxvii;
early people and invaders in, xxxviii;
reversion to type in, xlii;
folk customs of compared with Indian, xlii.

British Isles, cremating invaders in, xxxv.

Brittany, Alpine race in, xxvii.

“Broad heads” in India, xxv, xxvi:
burial customs of, xxxv;
identified with Celts, xxxv.

Bronze age, burial customs in Europe, xxxiii;
European cremation rites in, xxxv _et seq._;
late in Scandinavia, xlv;
Aryan invasion of Punjab in, 77.

Bronze age (mythical), in Indian, Greek, and Celtic mythologies, 107
_et seq._

Brown race, Mediterranean peoples of, xxviii;
recognition of “mother right” by, xxx;
in “Aryan blend”, xxxi, xxxix;
Bharatas of the, xl;
Dravidians and, xlii;
transmigration belief in communities of, xliii, xliv;
beliefs and habits of life, xlvi.

Buddha (büd´hă), as an incarnation of Vishnu, 129;
early life of, 129, 130;
one of the world's great teachers, 130;
his doctrines, 130 _et seq._;
missionaries of visit other lands, 133.

Buddhism, professors of in India, xviii;
eastward spread of, xl;
Upanishadic teaching and, 120;
decline of, 122, 134;
Vishnu prominent before rise of, 124;
Brahmanic attitude towards, 129;
in China, Japan, &c., 133.

Buddhist Age, in Indian history, 119;
Brahmanism supplanted, 120;
Brahmanism during, 138.

Buffalo Asura, Durga the slayer of the, 265, 266.

Bull, Dyaus as, 13;
Agni as, 22;
Mithra, “corn god” as, 30;
Shiva as, 147.

Burial customs in Vedic Age, xxxii;
in Babylon and Egypt, xxxiii;
Buriat dead on horseback, xxxiv;
cremation in Europe, xxxvi _et seq._;
cremation in Palestine, xxxvii, xxxviii;
“house of clay” in Varuna hymn, 38;
why dead were cremated, 38;
goat slain to inform gods, 91;
transmigration doctrine and, 115 _et seq._;
cremation of Kauravas and Pandavas after war, 312.

Buriats, the, a Mongolian people, xxxiii;
cremation and inhumation practised by, xxxiv, xxxix;
horse sacrifice among, 90;
description of, 91;
sacrifice horse like Spartans, 93;
birch trees at sacrifices of, 93.

Burning of erring wives, in Egyptian and Scottish tales, xxxvii.

Burning of widows. See _Suttee_.

Burrows, Professor, xxxviii _n._

Cæsar, Julius, on widow burning in Europe, xxxvii;
on Gaulish belief in transmigration, 118.

Cailleach (cal´yach), the Scottish, compared with Indian and Egyptian
deities, xli.

Caithness, man-devouring demon in, 208 _n._

Cakes, offerings of, 14;
early Aryo-Indians make, 77.

Camels, Rakshasas ride in battle, 419.

Campbell's _West Highland Tales_, reference to wife burning, xxxvii.

Carniola, burial customs in, xxxvi.

Carpenters, referred to in Vedic hymns, 77.

Caste system, at present day, xvii;
physical or mythological origin of, xxv;
Vedic gods as Kshatriyas, 14;
relation to occupation, 79;
in Yajurvedic period Brahmans supreme, 84;
Purusha doctrine of, 89;
in the Kali Age, 113;
Buddhism and Jainism as social revolts, 120;
Brahmans as highest caste, 121;
Vishwamitra raised from Kshatriya to Brahman, 154.

Castor and Pollux, 32.

Cat, Hanuman as a, 414.

Cat goddess, Sasti the, 152, 153.

Cataclysm, the universal, 141, 142.

Cattle, charms to protect, 86.

Cattle lifting, hymn to aid, 15, 16.

Celestial credit, obtained by penance, 85.

Celestial Rishis. See _Rishis, the Celestial_.

Celtic mythology, otherworld, compared with Indian heavens, 59;
the Fomorians of, 64;
Tuan Mac Carell legend in, 111 _et seq._;
transmigration of souls doctrine, 103, 116, 118;
doctrine of world's ages, in, 110 _et seq._;
treatment of the pig in, 136;
Indian and Gaelic magic food pots, 249;
the thunder horn, 258;
demons in weapons, 381 _n._

Celts, Aryan affinities of, xx;
identified with “broad heads”, xxii;
racial theory, xxiii;
Max Müller on, xxiv;
identified with cremating invaders, xxxv;
customs of in Ireland, Wales, and Scotland, xlii.

Ceremonies of riddance, 85, 86.

Ceylon, Ravana demon king of, 65;
Rakshasas are Asuras in, 66.
See _Lanka_.

Chandra (chăn´dră, _ch_ as in _charge_), the moon god, 35;
as ancestor of the Bharatas, 164.

Chandra Shekara, the “moon crested”, Shiva as, 146.

Chaos boar, Vishnu as, 135;
Brahmā or Prajapati as, 136.

Chaos egg, in Indian and Egyptian mythologies, 101.

Chaos giant, the Indian, Egyptian, Chinese, and Teutonic, 89, 90;
symbolism in myth of, 95, 96.

Chaos goose, the creation egg myth, 101.

Chaos horse myth, 94 _et seq._

Chariots in Vedic period, 77.

Charms against demons of disease, 67, 85, 87;
for love, 86.

Chedï (chay´dee), Sishupala rajah of, slain at Pandava imperial
sacrifice, 232, 233;
Damayanti's sojourn in, 352, 356, 357.

Cheese, early Aryo-Indians made, 77.

“Cherished, the”, King Bharata as, 163.

Children, souls of dead, xliii;
the female exposed, 60.

China, Dravidian type in, xxvi;
Hammer god of, 2;
“foreign devils”, 70;
chaos giant of, 90.

Chitrángadá (chit-răng-ad´ä), son of Arjuna and Manipur princess, 226;
son of slays Arjuna, 314.

Chivalry of Indian heroes, xlvi.

Christians, number of in India, xviii.

Churning of the ocean, the, 142 _et seq._

Circulating of villages, xliii.

Clans, the Aryo-Indian, 77;
feuds were frequent, 77.

Cloud-compeller, Indra as, 331.

Cloud cows, 4 _et seq._, 67.

“Cloud rocks”, 5 _et seq._

“Cloud shakers”, Maruts as, 5 _et seq._

Cobras, the demoniac Nagas, 65.

Coins called after necklets, 78.

Colour, caste and. See _Caste_.

Comparative philology, Bopp and, xix.

Copper age, invasion of Europe in, xxxv.

Corn gods, Agni and Indra as, 14, 15;
Mithra as, 30.

Cornwall, Dravidian-like customs in, xlii.

Cough, charm for, 87.

Cow, Creator assumes form of, 95, 102;
of Vasishtha, 154.

Creation, Hymn of, the Rigvedic, 97, 98.

Creation myths, the Babylonian, 9;
the Indian “World House” made by Indra, 10;
sacrificial origin of life and the world, 89;
the giants of, 89, 90;
the Purusha doctrine, 89, 90;
in Egypt, China, Babylon, &c., 90;
horse sacrifice in, 94 _et seq._;
first man and woman, &c., 95;
“creative tears”, 100;
Prajapati like Horus, 101;
Brahma sun-egg like Egyptian Ra sun-egg, 101;
Brahma's tree, 102;
Markandeya's account of Yugas, 112 _et seq._;
gods and doctrines existed before, 118;
Narayana and Brahma, 124.

Cremation in Vedic age, xxxii;
not practised by Persians, Babylonians, or Egyptians, xxxiii;
seasonal rites among Buriats, xxxiv;
migratory peoples practised, xxxv;
in ancient Austria, Greece, &c., xxxvi;
evidence of Palestine, xxxvii;
origin of, xxxviii, xxxix, 38, 39;
practised by Agni worshippers, 116;
ceremony of after “great war”, 312.

Crete, cremation introduced into, xxxviii;
reversion to type in, xlii.

Cronus, Indra like, 13.

Crooke, Mr., view on Aryan influence, xli.

Crops, human sacrifices for, 89.

Cuckoo and burial rites, xxxiv.

Culture, wealth brings leisure and, 82.

Curds, early Aryo-Indians made, 77.

Curses, power of, the Rishis, 153, 154, 155;
Damayanti kills huntsman by cursing, 346;
Narada curses Karkotaka, 353;
Brahman's wife cursed and rescued by Arjuna, 313;
in tale of the hermit's son, 394, 395;
Brahma's curse on Ravana, 413.

Cyclops (ky´klops), the Indian. See _Vartikas_.

Dadhicha (dad-hee´cha, _ch_ as in _chat_), the Rishi, thunderbolt
made from bones of, 7, 8.

Dadyak (dăd´yak), the Indian Loke, 12.

Daeva, the Persian, cognate with Sanskrit “deva”, 62.

Daityas (dait´yăs), in Varuna's heaven, 59;
giants of ocean, 64;
enemies of gods, 65;
Arjuna's expedition against, 256-8.

Daksha (dăk-sha), the Deva-rishi, in Sati myth, 150;
story of quarrel with Shiva, his goat head, 153.

Damayanti (dăm-a-yänt´ee), xlvii;
loves Nala, 329;
message of the swan, 330;
gods desire, 332;
Nala visits in secret, 333-5;
the swayamvara and marriage, 335-7;
demon possesses Nala, 340;
the gambling match, 341, 342;
exile of Nala, 342, 343;
deserted by Nala, 344, 345;
serpent seizes, 346;
appeal to tiger and mountain, 347;
appeal to asoka tree, 348;
disaster to caravan, 349-51;
in Chedi, 351, 352;
discovered by Brahman, 356, 357;
search for Nala, 358, 359;
the second swayamvara, 360;
Nala drives king to Rituparna, 360, 361;
Kali ejected, 362;
Damayanti vigil, 363;
maid of interviews Nala, 365-8;
Nala's interview with, 368-70;
kingdom restored, 371-3.

Danann (dän´an) Age, in Irish mythology, 110 _et seq._

Danavas (dän´ăva), allies of drought demon, 7, 8;
ocean home of, 9;
in Varuna's heaven, 59;
Asuras of ocean, 64;
enemies of gods, 65;
wives of have bird voices, 75;
Bali one of the, Vishnu slays, 123;
story of Prahlada and Vishnu, 135;
Arjuna's expedition against, 256-8.

Dance of Destruction, Kali performs the, 150.

Dance of Shiva, 147, 148.

Dancing girls in Indra's heaven, 69.

Dandad´hara (dăn-däd´hara), “wielder of the rod”, Yama is, 42.

Danu (dä´noo), mother of the Asuras, 64.

Dăr´bas, “the tearers”, like Pisachas, 68.

“Dark folk”, the mythological and racial, 70.

Darwin, Charles, his theory of man's origin in Africa, xxiv.

Dasa (dä´să), colour reference probable, 70.

Dasaratha (dăs-ăr-ăt´hă), father of Rama, 375;
horse sacrifice for offspring, 376;
sons of incarnations of Vishnu, 377;
Vishwamitra takes away Rama and Lakshmana, 379;
at Rama's wedding, 383;
Rama chosen as heir apparent, 384;
plot of Kausalya and hunchback, 384 _et seq._;
scene in the mourning chamber, 386, 387;
Rama exiled, 388 _et seq._;
tale of the hermit's son, 394, 395;
death of, 396;
Rama faithful to memory of, 398, 399.

Dasyus (däsh´yoos), as demons, 67;
as dark aborigines, 69, 70;
Macdonell and Keith on, 70 _n._;
racial theory, 71.

Daughter, “it is sorrowful to have a”, 60.

Dawn, goddess of, 34.

Day fairies, 70.

Day of Brahma, universal destruction at end of, 113.

Dead, disposal of, cremation, inhumation, casting out, and exposure,
xxxii _et seq._;
services to by children, 59, 60;
the demon Pisachas devourers of, 67;
horses sacrificed to, 93;
return of, Ganges' vision, 320, 321.
See _Burial customs_.

Dead, judge of. See _Yama_.

Death, messengers of, 41 (see _Yama_);
as “the man in the eye”, 42;
as creator, 94;
god of, as divine ancestor of Irish Milesians, 111;
the gods fear, 121;
Buddha's conception of, 130 _et seq._

Deiwo, “heavenly”, 62.

Delbrück, view on Aryan parent language, xxii.

Deluge, the, in Irish mythology, 112;
at end of “Day” of Brahma, 113;
Manu and the divine fish in story of, 140 _et seq._

Demons, in Varuna's heaven, 59;
when called Asuras, 61;
the Persian as Aryan gods, 62;
Asuras completely identified with, 63 _et seq._;
mother of, 64;
Norse and Indian, 65;
Rakshasas are, 66;
Vritra, Ahi, and Kushna, 66;
as beautiful women, 67;
man-eating, slain by heroes, 67;
Pisachas, Kali, Dwapara, Panis, Dasyus, the, 67;
Vala, Darbas, Vartikas, the, 68;
rational explanation of criticized, 70, 71;
the red, blue, and green, 71;
priests enable gods to overcome, 84;
wrath and “battle fury” caused by, 85;
overcome by sacrifice at creation, 94;
none in the Krita Age, 107;
Bali slain by Vishnu, 123;
Ravana, king of, 125;
salvation for through Vishnu, 135;
story of Prahladha, 135;
story of Hiranyaksha and Vishnu, 135, 136;
epic warriors as allies of, 138;
in “Churning of the Ocean” myth, 143 _et seq._;
Durga's wars against, 149;
slain by the avenging goddess Kali, 150;
Arjuna's expedition against, 256-8;
the allies of Duryodhana, 260;
Kali and Dwapara in Nala story, 338 (see _Nala_);
in weapons, 381;
the headless, 410;
Surasa and Sinhika, sea dragons, 414.

Desert, the fiery, in Hades, 326.

Destiny, belief in, 42 _et seq._

Destroyer, the, Indra as, 16;
Rudra as and Shiva as, 26, 119;
Nirriti the goddess as, 67;
Narayana as, 114, 115;
Durga as and Kali as, 149 _et seq._

Deussen's Philosophy of the _Upanishads_, 100.

Deva (d_e_-vă), god in India, demon in Persia, 62;
references in Brahmanas to, 63 _et seq._

Deva-bratta (d_e_´vă-brăttă), name of Bhishma, 166 _n._

Devaki (d_e_´văk-ee), father of Krishna, 128.

Deva-rishis (d_e_´vă-ree´shees) (see _Rishis, the celestial_), Daksha
and the Sati myth, 150;
the most prominent, 153, 154, 155;
Narada and Parvata in story of Nala, 331;
at ordeal of Sita, 425.

“Devils”, the “foreign”, 70.

Devon, Dravidian-like customs in, xlii _et seq._

Dharma (dhăr´mă) or Dharma-rajah, god of death and lord of justice,
Yama is, 42;
in story of Ruru, 43, 44;
Vidura an incarnation of, 172;
Yudhishthira a son of, 176;
visits Yudhishthira, 250;
causes temporary death of Pandavas, 263 _et seq._;
as Yudhishthira's dog, 324, 325;
Drona with in Paradise, 327.
See _Yama_.

Dhrista-dyumna (dhrïs-tă-dyum´nă), son of Drupada, miraculous birth
of, 210;
at the potter's house, 220;
as leader of Pandava army, 286 _et seq._;
slays Drona, 302;
slain by Aswatthaman, son of Drona, 308;
in vision of dead warriors, 321.

Dhritarashtra (dreet´a-räsh´´tra), son of Vyasa, 172;
becomes king: his wife Gandhari, 177;
children of called Kamavas, 177;
at the tournament, 186 _et seq._;
invites Pandavas to visit Hastinapur, 223;
divides raj with Pandavas, 224;
at Yudhishthira's imperial sacrifice, 232 _et seq._;
the gambling match between Pandavas and Kamavas, 239 _et seq._;
terrified by omens, 246;
releases Pandavas, 247;
second match and Pandavas exiled, 248;
attitude of before the great war, 274 _et seq._;
Sanjaya relates incidents of great war to, 287;
seeks to slay Bhima, 311;
reconciled to Bhima, 311, 312;
at horse sacrifice after great war, 316;
retires to forest, 319;
return of the dead, 320, 321;
perishes in jungle fire, 322;
as celestial king of Gandharvas, 327.

Dhyaum´ya (dhyowm´yă), Pandava Brahman, 250, 312.

Diana, horse sacrifice to, 93.

Diarmid (yeer´mit), lover of burned, xxxvii.

Dice, in early Aryo-Indian period, 77;
the loaded used by Shakuni, 240;
in Nala story possessed by demon, 341;
Rituparna gives Nala secret of, 362.

Dietrich (deet´reech: _ch_ guttural), the Indian, 66, 67;
Arjuna like, 257 _n._

Dionysus, Shiva as, 122.

Dioscuri (dï-os-kö´rï), Castor and Pollux, 32, 40, 64.

Disease, racial types and, xli;
demons of, 85;
destroyed by Shiva, 148;
and by Rudra, 26.

Diti (deet´e), mother of demons, 64;
in Garuda story, 145.

Divine song, the, 125.
See _Bhagavadgita_.

Divine years, 104, 105.
See _World's Ages_.

Dog, Dharma as, 324, 325.

Dog of Indra, 17.

Dogs, God of dead has two, 41.

Dragon of drought, Vritra as, 6.
See _Demons_.

Draupadi (drow´pă-dee´´), daughter of Drupada, miraculous birth of,
210;
her destiny, 211;
Pandavas journey to swayamvara of, 212, 213;
won by Arjuna at swayamvara contest, 217, 218;
in house of potter with Pandavas, 219;
how she became joint wife of Pandavas, 219 _et seq._;
agreement regarding, 225;
receives Subhadra, wife of Arjuna, 228;
the gambling match, 238 _et seq._;
staked and lost by Yudhishthira, 240;
put to shame, 241 _et seq._;
exile of with Pandavas, 248;
reproaches Yudhishthira during second exile, 251 _et seq._;
Jayadratha attempts to carry off, 262, 263;
perils in city of Virata, 266 _et seq._;
grief for slain children, 310 _et seq._;
horse sacrifice rites performed, 312 _et seq._;
vision of dead warriors, 321;
journey of to Paradise, 324 _et seq._;
in Paradise, 326.

Dravid´ians, type of in India, xxv;
lower types are pre-Dravidians, xxvi;
beliefs of, xli;
sacrificial customs like those of Devon, &c., xlii;
the Dasa and Dasyus theory, 70 _n._, 71;
human sacrifice among, 88;
earth goddess of, 89.

“Drinking cup” burials, xxxv.

Drona (drö´nă), miraculous birth of, 179;
put to shame by Drupada, 180, 181;
becomes preceptor of the Pandavas and Kauravas, 181-4;
story of the Bhil prince, 183;
at the tournament, 185 _et seq._;
Pandavas overthrow Drupada for, 195, 196;
obtains half of Panchala, 197;
Drupada plots to destroy, 209;
trains prince who will slay him, 210;
at Pandava imperial sacrifice, 232 _et seq._;
at the gambling match, 240 _et seq._;
in great war, 287 _et seq._;
slays Drupada, 301;
slain by Drupada's son, 302;
return of from paradise, 320, 321;
with Dharma in paradise, 327.

“Drought demon” of Hindustan, 4;
dragon Vritra as, 5, 6;
slain by Indra, 6;
priests enable Indra to overcome, 84.

Drupada (droo´pă-dă), miraculous birth of, 179;
as rajah puts Drona to shame, 180, 181;
defeat of, 195, 196;
Drona obtains half of kingdom, 197;
plots to overthrow Drona, 209, 210;
miraculous birth of son and daughter of, 210;
the swayamvara of daughter of, 213 _et seq._;
welcomes Pandavas at palace, 221;
daughter of becomes joint wife of Pandavas, 222, 223;
at meeting of Pandava allies, 270 _et seq._;
daughter of who became a man, 295 _n._;
in great war, 290 _et seq._;
slain by Drona, 301.

Duhsasana (doo´sas´ă-nă) at gambling match, 240;
puts Draupadi to shame, 242 _et seq._;
Bhima vows to slay, 245;
supports Duryodhana against the Pandavas, 280 _et seq._;
is slain by Bhima, 303, 304.

Durga (door´gä), the goddess, xl;
the beautiful war goddess, 149;
Yudhishthira invokes for help, 265, 266.

Durvasa or Durvasas (door-väs´äs), the rishi, a master curser, 154;
Indra cursed by, 142, 143;
gives powerful charm to Pritha, 174.

Duryodhana (door-yo´dhăn-ă), eldest of Kauravas, 177;
attempts to kill youthful Bhima, 178 _et seq._;
at the tournament, conflict with Bhima, 187;
Karna's coming, 189 _et seq._;
Karna becomes his ally, 193 _et seq._;
fails to defeat Drupada, 195, 196;
jealous of Yudhishthira, 197, 198;
plots to destroy Pandavas, 199;
the “house of lac”, 200;
believes his rivals are dead, 201;
discovers Pandavas are alive, 223;
Arjuna captures bride-elect of, 227;
at Pandava imperial sacrifice, 232 _et seq._;
arranges gambling match with Pandavas, 237 _et seq._;
Shakuni plays for with loaded dice, 240 _et seq._;
Draupadi won for, 240 _et seq._;
Pandavas exiled, 248;
Bhima vows to slay, 246;
Draupadi's anger against, 251 _et seq._;
captured by Gandharvas, 259;
rescued by Pandavas, 259, 260;
demons promise to help, 260;
the royal sacrifice of, 261;
plots against Pandavas with Karna and Shakuni, 269;
condemned at meeting of Pandava allies, 270 _et seq._;
interviews with Krishna and Balarama, 273;
elders plead with at Hastinapur, 274 _et seq._;
defiant speech of, 280;
plot to seize Krishna, 281;
Karna supports, 282, 283, 284;
the declaration of war with Pandavas, 285, 286;
combats of in battles, 289 _et seq._;
hides from Pandavas, 305;
conflict with Bhima, 306;
fall of, 306, 307;
night slaughter plot, 307;
death of, 309;
in vision of dead warriors, 321.

Dushyanta (doosh´yän-ta), king, in the Shakuntala story, 157 _et seq._

Dutt, Romesh C., tribute to Max Müller, xx.

Dwápara (dwä-pără), the demon in Nala story, 67, 338, 339, 341.

Dwãpara Yuga, length of, 104;
the Red Age, 108, 109;
in Greek and Celtic mythologies, 109 _et seq._

Dwáraká (dwä´răk-ä), capital of Yádharas, Krishna welcomes Arjuna to,
226;
a doomed city, 322;
revolt in, 322;
destruction of, 323.

Dwarf form of Vishnu, 123.

Dwarfs, the black, Dasyus and, 70.

Dyaus (rhymes with _mouse_), the Aryan sky god, xxxi, 12;
slain by son like Uranus, 13;
as red bull and black steed, 13;
harvest offering to, 14;
flees from Agni, 20;
Varuna and Mitra twin forms of, 28;
Ushas (dawn), daughter of, 34.

Eä, Babylonian artisan god, 12.

Earth, sustained by soma, “water of life”, 36.

Earth goddess, in India and Egypt, xxxi;
Prithivi as, 6;
the European and Egyptian, 13;
the Dravidian, recent human sacrifices to, 89;
Sri, Vishnu's wife, as, 148, 149;
Kali as, 149, 150;
Sita departs with, 427.

“Easterners”, Indian tribes called, xxxix;
traditions of in the _Rámáyana_, xlvi.

Echo, Aranyani as, 74, 75.

Eclipse, Rahu the Indian demon of, 144.

Egg, myth of soul in, 102.

Egg, the golden, Brahma emerges from, 101.

Egg, the sun, Brahma emerges from like the Egyptian Ra, 101.

Eggeling, Professor, 15, 42 _n._, 84 _n._

Egypt, Mitanni Aryans and, xxx;
sky and earth deities of, xxxi;
early burial customs in, xxxiii;
folk tale reference to wife burning, xxxvii;
goddesses of compared with Indian, xli;
reversion to type in, xlii;
traces of ages doctrine in, xliv;
belief in transmigration in, xliv, 116, 118;
“Hammer god” of, 3;
Khnûmû of, like Indian Ribhus and European elves, 11;
earth mother of, 13;
“husband of his mother” belief in, 14;
Indian rajah like Pharaoh of, 74 _n._;
chaos giant of, 90 _n._;
Prajapati has origin like Horus, 101;
monasticism in, 133;
treatment of boar in contrasted with Indian, 136;
priestly theorists of and the Indian, 139, 140;
myth of slaughtering goddess, Indian parallel, 150;
belief regarding “two mothers” in, 229 _n._;
serpent king of like Indian, 353 _n._

Eka-chakra (ekă-chak´ră, _ch_ as in _charge_), Pandavas in city of,
206;
story of Vaka, the Rakshasa, 207 _et seq._

Elam, 3;
“Maltese cross” on Neolithic pottery of, 155, 156.

Elephant, the, in Vedic myth, 32;
the sun and, 32;
of Indra, 4, 17, 18, 144;
Shiva wears skin of, 147;
Ganesa has head of, 151.

Elephants, Rakshasas ride in battle on, 419.

Elf King of India, 69.

Elginbrodde, Martin, and Agni worshipper like, 24.

Elves, Gandharvas like, 68, 69;
rational explanation of criticized, 70 _et seq._

England, ancient. See _Britain_.

Epics, the great Indian, xlvi;
development of from hero songs, 138.
See _Mahábhárata_ and _Rámáyana_.

Eternal Being, 98.
See _World Soul_.

Europe, as racial cradle of Aryans, xx _et seq._;
“Broad heads”, xxii;
Neolithic burial customs in, xxxiii;
cremation customs in, xxxv _et seq._;
widow burning in, xxxvii;
fairies and elves of, 70 _et seq._

Evil, Divine One the source of, 115.

Evil Age. See _Kali Yuga_.

Exogamy in modern India, 60.

Exorcism. See _Charms_.

Exposure of female children, 60.

Eye, the “man” in the, soul as, 42.

“Eye of Ra”, 150.

Fairies, rational explanation of criticized, 70 _et seq._;
the “black” and “white”, 70;
the Yakshas as “the good people”, 68;
the Apsaras, 68, 69.

Fairy queen of India, 69.

Family life, in Vedic period, 77;
of the Brahmans, 81, 82.

Father, the (Pitris), adored by ancestor worshippers, 102.

“Father”, the “Great”, Vedic Aryans worshippers of, 13;
Brahma as “father of all”, 101.
See _Narayana_, _Prajápati_, _Purusha_, _Shiva_, and _Vishnu_.

“Father Right”, among Vedic Aryans, xxx, xli, 77.

Fathers, rescued from hell by sons, 59, 60.

Feline goddess, Sasti the, 152, 153.

Female children, exposure of, 60.

Fertility, Mongolian horse sacrifice to ensure, 91;
Indian ceremonies, 92.

Finn Mac Coul (fin´mak´´kool), wife of burned, xxxvii;
the Indian heroic, 66, 67, 249 _n._

Fire, worship of in Persia, xxxiii;
as vital principle (bodily heat) in India, 37;
vows taken before, 37;
spirits transferred to Hades by, 38;
Narayana as, 114;
the everlasting, 326.
See _Agni_ and _Cremation_.

Firstfruits, gods' dispute regarding, 14.

First man. See _Manu_, _Purusha_, and _Yama_.

Fish, Manu and the, Deluge story, 140 _et seq._

Fits, caused by demons, 85.

Fitzgerald, Jamshid of his “Omar”, 40.

Flowers of Paradise, 59;
celestial lotuses, 105 _et seq._, 250, 251.

Folk religion. In _Atharvaveda_, 85 _et seq._

Fomorians (fo-more´eans), the Indian, 64, 65.

Food, in Vedic hymns, 76, 77.

Food of the gods, supplied by the priests, 84.

“Food Vessel” burials, xxxv.

Foreordination, belief in, 42 _et seq._

_Forest Books_, the, hermits composed, 82, 83, 88, 102.

Forest of Hades, 326.

Frazer, Professor, 29 _n._;
on Mithra, 30.

Frogs, in Vedic rain charm, 36, 37.

“Gad whip” in Lincolnshire and India, xlii.

Gajasahvaya (gaj-as-ah-vä´ya), city of, in Shakuntala story, 161.

Gambling, dice in Vedic period, 77;
the match between Kauravas and Pandavas, 238 _et seq._;
Nala and his brother, 341 _et seq._

Gandär´ians, allies of Xerxes against the Greeks, 168.

Gándhárï, Queen, wife of Dhritarashtra, 177;
at the tournament, 187 _et seq._;
lament of for sons, 311;
retires to forest, 319, 320, 321;
death of, 322.

Gänd´härí, the tribe, 168.

Gandharva (gänd´hăr-vă), the atmospheric deity, 69.

Gandharva marriage, 160.

Gandharvas, the, king of, in folk tale, 43;
in Indra's heaven, 58;
like elves, 68;
celestial musicians, 69;
tribal significance of, 70;
story of told to Arjuna, 71;
as invisible sentinels, 106;
capture of Duryodhana by, 259;
at horse sacrifice, 316;
Dhritarashtra as celestial king of, 327;
at ordeal of Sita, 425.

Gane´sa (găne´sha), elephant-headed god of wisdom, 151.

Gangá (găng´ä), goddess of Ganges, 152;
as wife of King Shantanu, 164 _et seq._

Ganga-bratta, name of Bhishma, 166 _n._

Ganges river, mentioned in late Rigvedic period, 76;
Ganges, 83;
story of Manu and the fish and, 140 _et seq._;
myth of the descent of, 152;
goddess of as wife of king, 164 _et seq._;
dead warriors rise from, 320, 321;
the heavenly, 326.

Gardens of Hela, in Indian myth, 59.

Garúda (găr-ood´ă), half giant, half eagle, Amrita story of, 145;
the vehicle of Vishnu, 146;
in Ganesa myth, 151;
helps Rama in Ceylon war, 419;
carries Rama to Paradise, 428.

Gauls, the, widow burning among, xxxvii;
transmigration of souls belief among, xliv, 118;
cattle lifters like Vedic Aryans, 15;
Aryo-Indians had clan feuds like, 77;
as pork eaters, 136.

Gauri (gow´ree), wife of Shiva, 405.

Gayatri (găy´ătree), the milkmaid goddess, second wife of Brahma, 44,
149.

Germans as Aryans, xxiv.

Ghatotkacha (găt-ot-kătch´ä), the Rakshasa son of Bhima, 206;
in great war, 286 _et seq._;
avenges death of Iravat, 293, 294;
fall of, 301;
in vision of dead warriors, 320, 321.

Ghosts, belief in, 38;
birds as, 75.

Ghosts and fire. See _Cremation_.

Giant, the chaos, Purusha like Ymer, 89, 90;
concealed soul of, 102;
Vishnu as a, 123.

Giants, in Varuna's heaven, 59;
when called Asuras, 61, 63 _et seq._;
Yakshas, “the good people”, as, 68;
rational explanation of criticized, 70, 71;
mother of, 64;
Norse and Indian, 65;
the struggle with gods for ambrosia, 142 _et seq._;
slain by the avenging goddess Kali, 150.
See _Asuras_, _Danavas_, _Daityas_, and _Rakshasas_.

Girisha (ge-reesh´ă), mountain god, Shiva as, 146.

Goat, early Aryans had, 76;
slain at horse sacrifices and at burials, 91;
creator assumes form of, 95, 102;
the Rishi Daksha has head of, 153.

Goblins, Shiva as lord of, 146.

Goddesses, shadowy in Vedic Age, xxxi;
rise of the, 148;
sun goddess makes Shiva's trident and Vishnu's discus, 149.

Gods, Vedic Aryans exalted, xxxi;
dispute among and race run by, 14;
the Indian as Persian demons, 62;
enemies of Asuras in epic literature, 63;
magical control of, 80;
priests as, 84;
none in Krita Age, 107;
fear of death among, 121.

“Gold Toothed”, the, Agni and Heimdal called, 21.

Golden Age (Yellow Age), in Indian, Greek, and Celtic mythologies, 107
_et seq._

Goloka (go´lok-ă), paradise of Krishna, 323.

Gomme, G. L., xlii.

Gon´esh, 151 _n._

Good, Divine One the source of, 115.

“Good people”, the, Yakshas called, 68.

Goose, the chaos, 101.

Gopis (go´pees) (milkmaids), Krishna and the, 129;
Gayatri of the as Brahma's wife, 149.

Government, system of in Vedic Age, 77, 78.

Grandsire, the, Brahma as, 7;
myth regarding Indra's hammer, 7, 8.

Grave, the. See _Burial customs_ and “_House of clay_”.

Great Bear constellation, Deva-rishis form, 153.

Great fathers. See _Father, the great_.

“Great mother” in Egypt and Europe, xxxi.
See _Mother, the great_.

Greece, cremation in ancient, xxxvi, 38, 39;
May feast of Devon in, xlii;
doctrine of ages of the universe, xliv, 109, 110;
the “Islands of the Blest”, 59;
demons of compared with Indian, 64;
horse sacrifice in, 92, 93;
doctrine of transmigration of souls in, xliv, 103, 116, 118.

Greeks, the, Aryan racial theory, xxiv;
Brahman type resembles, xxvii;
Megasthenes, ambassador of, on Vishnu, Shiva, and Krishna, 122;
Gandarians fought with Xerxes against, 168 _n._;
in the great war of Bharatas, 287 _n._;
language of and Persian, 61, 62.

Green demons, 71;
green fairies and ape demi-gods, 418.

Habits of life, beliefs influenced by, xlv, xlvi.

Haddon, Dr., view on Aryans, xxix.

Hades, the organized, xxxviii, 38;
bird-like spirits in, 75.

Hags, Diti and Danu, mothers of giants and demons, 64;
the Danava women, 65;
Rakshasas as beautiful women, 67 (see _Pisachas_);
in Scotland, 71;
bird-like voices of, 75;
the Babylonian chaos, 90;
Arjuna terrifies in underworld, 257;
Taraka slain by Rama, 380;
Surpa-nakha woos Rama and brother, 400 _et seq._;
as guardians of Sita, 412;
Surasa, ocean hag, 414;
Sinhika, sea dragon, 414.

Hallowe'en celebrations, xliii.

Hallstatt civilization, cremation in Greece earlier than, xxxvi.

“Hammer gods”, xxxi;
Indra as, 1;
attributes of, 2;
of China, 2;
of Scotland, Egypt, Greece, Rome, Asia Minor, Palestine, Babylon,
&c., 3 _et seq._;
origin of, 70.

Hammurabi (-â´bi) Dynasty, overthrown by Kassites and Aryans, 62.

Hanuman (hăn´u-män), ape god, describes the Yugas to Bhima, 106, 107,
108, 109, 250, 251;
Arjuna's standard the image of, 287;
ape god, son of Vayu, 411;
search of for Sita, 414;
in Ravana's palace, 414;
finds Sita, 415;
conflict with Rakshasas, 416;
escape of, 416;
yellow as gold, 418;
carries mountain to Ceylon, 421;
restores Lakshmana, 422;
death of Ravana, 423;
accompanies Rama to Ayodhya, 425.

Haoma, the Persian soma, 36.

Hără, Shiva as, 147.

Hari, the illustrious, Vishnu as, 146.

Hari-Hara, Vishnu and Shiva as, 147 _n._

Harris, Dr. Rendel, on twin-deities conceptions, 40.

Harvest bride, Jagadgauri as, 149.

Harvest moon, as ripener of crops, 35.

Hästin, King, 164.

Hastinapur (hăs-teen´ä-poor), city of, 164;
Bhishma brings captured princess to, 170;
Pandava and Kaurava princes in, 177 _et seq._;
Pandavas return to after marriage, 223, 224.

Hathor (hät´hor), Egyptian goddess, compared with Indian and Scottish
deities, xli;
goddess Kali like, 150.

Hawes, Mr. and Mrs., xxxviii _n._

Heaven of Indra, 58;
like Valhal, 59;
dancing girls in, 69;
Pandavas and Kauravas in, 327.

Heaven of Krishna, 323.

Heaven of Kuvera, 59.

Heaven of serpent worshippers, 66.

Heaven of Varuna, 59.

Heaven of Yama, 57;
parents only admitted to, 59.

Hebrews, great sacred literature of, 103.

Hector, the Indian, xlviii.

Heimdal (hīm´dal), Teutonic god, like Agni, xlv, 20, 21, 22.

Hela, xliv, like Indian heavens, 59.

Heliopolis (hē-li-op´ol-is), 139.

Hell (see _Put_), Yama presides over, 42;
parents only rescued from, 59;
“threefold is the way to”, 128;
Yudhishthira's vision of, 326 _et seq_.

Herakles, Vishnu as, 122.

Hermitages, as universities, 82.

Hermits, as scholars, 82.

Hermit's son, tale of the, 394, 395.

Hero songs, epics developed from cycles of, 138.

Herodotus (her-od´otus), xliii;
transmigration beliefs, xliv, 116, 118.

Heroines of Indian literature, xlvii.

Hesiod, doctrine of world's ages, 109 _et seq._

Hidimva (hed-eem´vă), the Rakshasa, slain by Bhima, 202-5.

Hinduism, cults of, xvii;
ancient culture basis of, 88;
currents of thought in, 102;
transmigration doctrine in, 117, 118;
Vishnu and Shiva cults, 124;
Puranic beliefs and, 135.

Hindu-Kush, as a race-divider, xxvii.

Hindus, number of, xvii;
Aryans and, xxiv;
dead cremated by, xxxii.

Hindustan, Aryan aristocracy in, xxxvi;
early Aryans displaced in by Kurus, Panchalas, and Bharatas, 155.

Hiranyapura (herăn´yă-poor´´ă), flying island city of giants and
demons, 65.

Hittites, Aryans and, xxix;
peace treaty with Mitanni Aryans, xxxi;
“Hammer god” of, 3;
Mitannian relations with, 31;
raid on Babylon and connection of Kassites with, 155, 156.

Hogg, Professor H. W., on Mithra problem, 30.

Hogs, Rakshasas ride in battle, 419.

Homeric burial customs, xxxvi, 38.

Homer's ghosts, like bats, 75.

Horse, Babylonian name of, xxix, 156;
when introduced into Egypt and India, xxx;
Aryans breeders and tamers of, 76;
Creator assumes form of, 95, 102;
the white (Kalki), the next incarnation of Vishnu, 137;
Avartas of, 360.

Horse sacrifice, Buriats' offer to dead, xxxiv;
prevalent in early times, 88;
symbolism of, 90;
among Mongolians, 90;
to ensure fertility, 91;
as atonement for sin, 92, 312, 426, 427;
the Roman and Greek, &c., 92, 93;
in Upanishadic creation myth, 94 _et seq._;
in myth of descent of Ganges, 152;
“the horse speaks”, 317;
in Rámáyana, Dasaratha performs for offspring, 376;
gods attend, 376, 377.

Horses, hymn to Indra for, 15, 16.

Horus (ho´rus), the Egyptian, Prajapati rises from lotus like, 101.

Hospitality, importance of in religious life, 81.

Hotri priests, reciters, 80.

Household fairy, Jara, the Rakshasa woman, as a, 229.

“House of clay”, the grave as, xxxii, 115, 116.

Hrungner (hroong´ner), Scandinavian giant, 2, 64.

Human gods, priests as, 84.

Human sacrifice prevalent in early times, 88;
recent instances of, 89;
symbolism of, 95, 96.

Hunting period, the Aryans and, 76.

Hura (hoo´ra), the Persian mead, 77.

“Husband of his mother”, 14.

Hyenas, Rakshasas ride in battle, 419.

Iliad, the civilization of, xlvii;
the _Mahábhárata_ book as long as and Odyssey, 129, 139, 156.

Immortality, achieved by knowledge of Brahmă, 99, 100.

India, reversion to type in, xli, xlii.

Indians, ancient Egyptians, Greeks, Celts, &c., and, 116 _et seq._

Indo-European languages and peoples, xx, xxiv.

Indo-Germanic languages and peoples, xix;
Müller prefers Aryan, xx;
the Celtic theory, xxiii.

Indra (ind´ră), in Vedic age, xxxi;
tribal aspect of, xxxii;
brother of Agni, xxxiii, 19;
goddess Durga rivals, xl;
as “Hammer god”, 1;
his thunderbolt, 2;
in Mitanni, 3, 32;
“thunderstone” of fashioned, 4;
victory after birth, 4;
attacks and slays drought demon, 5, 6;
war song of, and hymn to, 6, 7;
hammer of made from Rishi's bones, 7, 8;
flight of in epic myth, 8;
Bel Merodach and, 9;
Pa'n Ku, Ptah, and, 9, 10;
as world artisan, 10;
Thor and, 11;
Twashtri and, 11;
a god of fertility, 12;
parents of, 12;
like Cronus, his father's slayer, 13;
harvest offerings to, 14;
as winner of god's race, 14, 15;
as “friend of man”, 15;
cattle-lifters' hymn to, 15, 16;
his human qualities, 17;
dog and elephant of, 17, 18;
Agni a drinker like, 23;
attributes of absorbed by Agni and Vayu, 24;
rain god and, 26;
contrasted with Varuna, 27, 28;
after redistribution of deities, 31;
as discoverer of soma, 36;
the heaven of, 58, 59;
god of the overlords of Assyria, 62;
reference to myth of in _Brahmanas_, 63;
imprisons giants, 64;
aerial city of, 65;
hater of demon Panis, 67;
dancing girls in heaven of, 69;
made strong by the priests, 84;
at horse sacrifice, 92;
Vishnu source of strength of, 123;
Krishna opposed to the worship of, 129;
subject to Brahma, 134;
cursed by Durvasas, 142;
at “churning of the ocean”, 143 _et seq._;
origin of the elephant of, 144;
battle with Garuda, 145;
“before his mother”, 148;
elephant of decapitated, 151;
in myth of descent of Ganges, 152;
Narada, the rishi, messenger of, 153;
dread of Vishwamitra's creative power, 159, 160;
Arjuna a son of, 176;
guards Arjuna at the tournament, 191;
Pandavas as five incarnations of, 222;
heaven of attained by Kshatriyas, 230;
welcomes Arjuna in Swarga, 256, 257;
praises his warrior son, 258;
adored by the Pandavas, 259;
takes Karna's armour and ear-rings, 262;
Karna uses weapon of, 301;
at horse sacrifice of, 318;
welcomes Yudhishthira to paradise and tests, 324 _et seq._;
Pandavas and Kauravas in paradise of, 327;
in story of Nala, 331;
a suitor of Damayanti, 332 _et seq._;
at Dasaratha's horse sacrifice, 376-7;
appeal of to Brahma and Vishnu against Ravana, demon king, 377;
becomes an ape, 377;
Bali, ape king, son of, 411.

Indrajit (ind-ră´jit), the Rakshasa, in Ceylon war, 419 _et seq._

Indrani (ind-rän´ee), wife of Indra, 17.

Indra-prastha (indră-prăst´ha), Pandavas build, 224, 225;
Arjuna returns to, 228.

Indus river, the sea and, 83, 84.

Infanticide, in ancient and modern India, 60.

Inspiration, to draw in a spirit, 85.

“Iranian period”, a convenient term, xxxi.

Iranian plateau as Aryan racial cradle, xix.

Iravat (eer´ä-văt), son of Arjuna and serpent nymph Ulúpí, 226;
in great war, 286 _et seq._;
fall of, 293.

Ireland, doctrine of ages of universe in, xliv, 110 _et seq._;
transmigration of souls belief in, xliv;
Tuan MacCarell legend in, 111 _et seq._;
Milesians of descended from god of death, 111;
prejudice against pork in, 136.

Iron, early Aryo-Indians and, 77.

Iron Age, in Indian, Greek, and Celtic mythologies, 107 _et seq._;
the “Black Age” in India, 108, 109;
in Greek mythology, 109, 110;
in Celtic mythology, 110 _et seq._

_Isaiah_, sacrifices condemned by, 132.

Ishtar (ish´tar), 13;
bird-like spirits in legend of, 75.

Isis (ī´sis), festival of, xliii;
Indian goddess Kali like, 150;
as joint mother of Osiris, 229 _n._

“Islands of the Blest”, 59.

Italians, Brahmans resemble, xxvii.

Ivory, Solomon got from India, 84.

“Jack and Jill”, as carriers of moon mead, 36.

Jăg´gănăth (Juggernaut), a Vishnu trinity, 136, 137;
car of, 137.

Jain´ism, Upanishadic teachings and, 120;
Vishnu prominent before rise of, 124;
origin of and doctrines of, 133, 134.

Jamshid of Fitzgerald's _Omar_, 40.

Janaka (jăn´ăkă), Rama breaks Shiva's bow before, 382, 383.

Janeckpoor, 382 _n._

Jărä, the household fairy, at birth of Jarasandha, 229.

Jarasandha (jă-rä-sund´hă), the rajah, has two mothers like Osiris,
229;
the slaying of, 229-31.

Jatayus (jătä´yus), king of vultures, attempt to rescue Sita from
Ravana, 406, 407;
Rama finds, 409;
revelation and death of, 410;
brother of helps Rama, 413.

Jayadratha (jăy-ă-drăt´hă), the rajah, attempts to carry off Draupadi,
262;
Bhima makes him a slave, 263;
in great war, 297;
fall of, 299, 300.

Jewel, the great, 311;
the magic life-giving, 315.

Jones, Sir W., views of on Aryan problem, xix.

Jörd (yerd), mother of Thor, 13.

Jotuns (y_ē_´toons), the Indian, 64, 65.

Jubainville, on world ages doctrine in Greek and Celtic mythologies,
110 _et seq._

Juggernaut. See _Jăggănăth_.

Jumna river, mentioned in late Rigvedic period, 76, 83;
Krishna as babe causes miracle at, 128, 129.

Jupiter, 3;
the Indian, 12.

Justice, lord of, Yama as, 57.
See _Dharma_.

Kä, the great unknown, 98.

Kaegi Adolf, on Vritra and “weather”, 8;
rain-charm hymn, 37.

Kaikeyi (ky-kay-yee´), wife of Dasaratha, 376;
Bharata, son of, 378;
plot against Rama, 384 _et seq._;
Rama exiled, 388;
anger of Bharata, 396 _et seq._

Kailä´să, mountain of Shiva, 146;
Arjuna visits Shiva on, 255, 256.

Kali (kăl´e), the demon in Nala story, 67;
personification of Kali Yuga, 338;
plots against Nala, 338, 339;
enters Nala and causes ruin of, 340, 341;
causes Nala to desert wife, 344;
serpent poisons, 353;
ejected by Nala, 362.

Kali (kä´lee), the goddess, wife of Shiva, xl;
like Egyptian and Scottish deities, xli, 150;
as earth mother, 149;
as slayer of enemies of gods, 149, 150.

Kălï Yugă, the Black or Evil Age, 104, 108, 109;
in Greek and Celtic mythologies, 109 _et seq._

Kalkï, the white horse incarnation of Vishnu, 137.

Kălpă, a “day” of Brahma, 105.

Kamadeva (kä-mă-devă), the love god, in story of the sun maiden, 72;
the love god, Shiva consumes, 146;
son of Vishnu and Lakshmi, 151.

Kands tribe, exogamy in, 60.

Kănsă, King of Mathura, 128.

Känvă, the Brahman, in the Shakuntala story, 158 _et seq._

Kärkotáka (kärkotă´ka), Naga serpent demi-god, 65;
the serpent king, Narada's curse, 353;
rescued by Nala, 354.

Kărnă, xlviii;
Scef and Agni myths and, 21;
the son of Surya, sun god, and Pritha, 174;
babe set adrift in basket, 174;
found by Radha in country of Anga, 176;
rival of Arjuna at the tournament, 189, 190;
challenges Arjuna, 191;
made a rajah by Kauravas, 192;
is put to shame by Pandavas, 193;
the ally of Duryodhana, 194;
rejected at Draupadi's swayamvara, 216;
combat with Arjuna, 218, 219;
at the gambling match, 240 _et seq._;
advises Duryodhana to spy on exiled Pandavas, 259;
vows to slay Arjuna, 261;
Indra takes away celestial armour of, 262;
plots against Pandavas, 269;
at Hastinapur conference, 274 _et seq._;
Krishna's interview with, 282;
Pritha reveals secret of birth to, 283;
refuses to desert the Kauravas, 283, 284;
refusal to fight while Bhishma is leader of Kauravas, 286;
comes to fight after Bhishma's fall, 296;
slays Ghatotkacha with Indra's weapon, 301;
becomes leader of Kauravas, 302;
combat with Arjuna and fall of, 304, 305;
performance of funeral rites for, 312;
in Indra's heaven, 327.

Kartikeya (kärtik´eyă), the war god, 152.

Käsi, Aryan tribe, xxxix;
association of with Benares, 155;
identification of with Kassites, 155, 156;
king of, three daughters of captured by Bhishma, 169.

Kassites, their origin obscure, xxix;
Aryans enter Babylon with, 3;
associated with Aryans in Babylon, 62;
identification of with Kasis of Benares, 155, 156.

Käs´yăpă, the pole star, 145.

Kauravas (kow´răvăs), as the Kurus, 156;
sons of Dhritarashtra, 177;
as youthful rivals of the Pandavas, 177 _et seq._;
rivalries at the tournament, 185 _et seq._;
failure of to defeat Drupada, 195, 196;
first exile of their rivals, 198 _et seq._;
raj divided with Pandavas, 224;
at Pandava imperial sacrifice, 232 _et seq._;
the gambling match with Pandavas, 237 _et seq._;
feasted by exiled Pandavas, 260;
attack on Virata, 267;
Arjuna defeats, 268;
declare Pandavas' exile not ended, 268;
opposed to Pandavas' return after exile, 270 _et seq._;
preparations for war, 273 _et seq._;
conference at Hastinapur, 273 _et seq._;
war breaks out, 285 _et seq._;
mourning for and funeral rites, 310 _et seq._;
return of the dead, 320, 321;
in Indra's paradise, 325-7.

Kausalya (kow´săl-yä), wife of Dasaratha, 376;
Rama son of, 378;
Rama's exile, 390 _et seq._;
death of Dasaratha, 396;
Bharata comforts, 397.

Keats, John, 25.

Keith, Dr., on Vedic burial customs, xxxii, 168 _n._

Kesin (kay´sin), leads Asuras against Indra, 64.

Khnumu (knoo´moo), of Egypt, Indian Ribhus like, 11;
the Egyptian god, haos-egg myth in India and Egypt, 101.

Khonds tribe, human sacrifice in, 88.

Kichaka (kee-chăk´ă, _ch_ as in _change_), loves Draupadi and Bhima
slays, 267.

“King of the Elements”, the Gaelic, 87.

Kings, in the Vedic Age, 78.

“Kinsman”, the, Vishnu as, 123.

Knowledge, salvation by, doctrine of in _Bhagavad-gita_, 126 _et seq._

Kósälä, Eastern Aryan kingdom, xxxix;
Dasaratha, Ramas' father, rajah of, 375.

Kripa (kreepä), miraculous birth of, 192 _n._;
night slaughter in Pandava camp, 307-9.

Krishna (krish´nă), evidence of Greek ambassador, Megasthenes,
regarding, 122;
an avatara of Vishnu, 125;
doctrines of his _Bhagavad-gita_ (Divine Song), 126 _et seq._;
a son of Vasudeva, 128;
father escapes with at birth, 128;
the shepherd-lover of Gopis (milkmaids), 129;
Juggernaut and, 136, 137;
as teacher of Vaishnava faith, 138, 139;
worship of Shiva by, 146;
bride of an incarnation of Lakshmi, 149;
nephew of Queen Pritha, 173;
at swayamvara of Draupadi, 215 _et seq._;
gifts of to Pandavas, 223;
Arjuna visits during exile, 226;
Arjuna weds Subhadra, sister of, 227;
expedition against Jarasandha, 229-31;
at Pandava imperial sacrifice, 231, 232;
slays Sishupala, rajah of Chedi, 233, 234;
Sishupala an incarnation of Shiva, 234 _n._;
visits Pandavas during second exile, 251;
at Abhimanyu's wedding, 269;
at meeting of Pandava allies, 270 _et seq._;
promise to be Arjuna's charioteer, 273;
as spokesman for Pandavas, 275;
visit to Hastinapur, 276, 277;
pleads with Kauravas for peace, 278;
reproves Duryodhana, 280;
plot to seize and transformation of, 281;
departure from Hastinapur, 282;
prophecy regarding the great war, 286;
instruction of to Arjuna, 287, 288;
miracle by on battlefield, 300;
the Arjuna-Karna combat, 304, 305;
at horse sacrifice, 317, 318, 319;
closing days of and death, 322 _et seq._

Kritä Yuga, length of, 104, 107;
the White Age, 108, 109;
in Greek and Celtic mythologies, 109 _et seq._

Kritänă, “the finisher”, Yama is, 42.

Krităvăr´măn, night slaughter in Pandava camp, 307-9;
slain by Satyaki, 322.

Kshatriya caste. See _Caste_.

Kshăt´riyăs, the red, xxv;
aristocratic caste, gods as Kshatriyas, 14;
Brahmans become greater than, 84;
origin of caste of in Purusha myth, 89;
Buddhism and Jainism originate among, 120, 132;
Brahmans achieve spiritual dominion over, 121, 136;
destroyed by Vishnu's warrior incarnation, 136;
Vishwamitra raised to Brahman caste, 154;
Gandharva marriage for, 160.

Küberă, god of treasure, Bhima's journey to region of, 105;
Bhima reaches lotus lake of, 109.
See _Kuvera_.

Kumbha-Karna (koom´bhă-kăr´nă), the sleeping giant, 419;
slain by Rama, 420.

Kurds, Armenians contrasted with, xxii;
as descendants of Aryan raiders, xxxviii.

Kurma (koor´mă), king of tortoises, 143.

Kuru (koo´roo), the tribe called, united with the Panchala tribe, 155.

Kuru, King, as son of sun maiden and rajah Samvarna, 74, 156, 164.

Kuru-Kshetră, country of the Kurus and famous battlefield of, 155,
156;
Pandavas and Kauravas assemble for battle, 286.

Kuru-Pănchälăs, kingdom of, xxxix;
doctrinal influence of, xliv;
late invasion of and nation of, 155;
wars of in epic narrative, 156.

Kurus, the Kauravas of epic fame, 156.

Küsă, son of Rama and Sita, 426.

Kushna (koosh´nă), the demon, “the scorcher”, 66.

Küveră, the heaven of, 59;
demoniac hosts of, 68;
like the Germanic Laurin, 251;
Pandavas behold dwelling of, 258;
advice of to Yudhishthira, 258.
See _Kubera_.

Lăksh´mănă, xlviii;
son of Duryodhana, in great war, 291, 292.

Laksh´mana, brother of Rama, 378;
goes against demons, 379-81;
goes into exile with Rama, 392 _et seq._;
story of the hag Surpa-nakha, 400 _et seq._;
the golden deer, 404;
rape of Sita, 405 _et seq._;
searches with Rama for Sita, 408;
revelation of the vulture king, 409;
conflict with headless demon, 410;
among the apes, 411 _et seq._;
in the Ceylon war, 418 _et seq._;
Sita's second banishment, 426.

Lakshmi (lăksh´mee), an earth goddess, xl;
origin of in sea of milk, 144;
as love goddess and Sri, 149;
mother of the love god, 151;
as daughter of Daksha, the rishi, 153, 154;
Rukmini an incarnation of, 234 _n._;
Sita as, 427.

Lamb, sacrifice of in Devon, &c., and India, xlii.

Land laws, in Vedic period, 78.

“Land of the Fathers”, paradise as, 39-41, 42 _et seq._

Language, indication of nationality not race, xxiii.

“Language of Birds”, significance of belief regarding, 75.

Lănkä (Ceylon), Ravana, demon king of, 65, 66, 377 _et seq._

Lapps, fairies and elves as, 70 _et seq._

“Last battle”, in Teutonic and Indian lore, 65.

Latham, Dr. Robert Gordon, views of on Indo-European problem, xx.

Laurin (law-reen), the rose garden of, 251.

Lăvă, son of Rama and Sita, 426.

Leopard, Shiva wears skin of, 147.

Life, essence of, soma as, 37;
sanctity of in Buddhism, 132;
“cut off”, belief regarding “the man in the eye” (soul), 42;
air of (see _Air of life_).

Life, water of. See _Water of life_, _Moisture of life_, _Mead of
gods_.

Life blood, spirit identified with, 37.

Life of life, the Brahma. See _World soul_.

Lightning, Shiva a god of, 146.
See _Agni_, _Indra_, and _Maruts_.

Lincolnshire, the “gad whip” in, xlii.

Lion, horse for sacrifice becomes a, 314.

Lioness, King Bharata suckled by a, 161.

Lions, Bharata as tamer of, 161.

Liquors, intoxicating, made by early Aryo-Indians, 77.

Literature, god of, Ganesa as, 151.

Lithuanian language, xx, xxi.

Loke (lō´kē), Dadyak the Indian, 12, 16.

“Long heads” in India, xxv, xxvi;
burial customs of, xxxv.

Lotus, Prajapati rises from like the Egyptian Horus, 101;
Brahmă rises from, 124.

Lotuses, the celestial, Bhima's journey for, 105 _et seq._

Love, charms for, 86.

Love god, consumed by Shiva, 146;
son of Vishnu and Lakshmi, names of, 151.

Luck, water spirits the source of, 148.

“Lunar Race”, tribe of Bharatas as, xxxix;
King Bharata and descendants belong to, 157 _et seq._

Lunar worship, rebirth and, 117.

Macalister, Professor, xxxviii _n._

MacCulloch, Colonel, stamped out infanticide, 60.

Macdonell, Professor, date of Aryan invasion of India, xxx;
on Vedic burial customs, xxxii;
on origin of transmigration theory, xliii, 116;
on Ribhus, 11;
on moon bowl, 12;
on Vayu, 25;
on “path of fathers” and “path of the gods”, 39;
Yama hymn, 40;
on monotheism of Mithra cult, 41, 87 _n._;
on Upanishadic doctrines, 88;
the Kuru and Puru tribes, 155.

Macdonell and Keith, on Dasa and Dasyu, 70 _n._

Macpherson, Major, infanticide custom, 60.

Mădăn, the love god, 151.

Măd´hyădesă. See _Middle country_.

Măd´ră, in story of Savitri, 44.

Madras, human sacrifices in, 88.

Madri (măd´ree), Queen, wife of King Pandu, 173;
purchase of, 175;
mother of two Pandavas, 176;
performs suttee, 177.

Măghăd´hă, Eastern Aryan kingdom, xxxix.

Magical control of gods and nature, 80, 84.

Magical formulas, in _Atharvaveda_, 85;
in Scotland, 86 _n._

Magyar language, xix.

Mahabharata (măhä´bhä´´rătă), the, hero songs beginning of, xlvi;
heroes and heroines of, xlvii;
villains of, xlviii;
cattle harrying in, 4 _n._;
Indra-Vritra battle in, 7 _et seq._;
Ruru and Savitri tales from, 43 _et seq._;
descriptions of the various heavens in, 57-9;
religious need for a son in, 59, 60;
Rakshasas like gorillas in, 66;
demoniac Vartikas in, 68;
purpose of horse sacrifices in, 92;
smoke cleanses sins, 93;
world's ages (yugas) in, 105;
Markandeya's account of the yugas (world's ages) in, 112 _et seq._;
Vishnu and Brahma in, 123;
early myths in, 124;
_Bhagavad-gita_ (Divine Song) in, 125 _et seq._;
Krishna appendix to, 129;
history of Brahmanism enshrined in, 138;
furnishes knowledge regarding Brahma, 139;
Markandeya's account of the Deluge in, 140 _et seq._;
“Churning of the Ocean” in, 142;
Shiva worshipped by Krishna in, 146;
Shiva's gift of weapons in, 146;
Vyasa as author of, 154;
Kuru-Kshetra battlefield in Kuru country, 155;
founded on tribal hero songs: heroes of, 156;
compared with Iliad and date of origin of, 156;
story of, 157 _et seq._;
Pandavas favoured in, 178 _n._

Maha deva (măhä´dayvă), Shiva as, 146.

Maha-rishis (măhä´reesh´´es), 102.
See _Rishis, the Celestial_.

“Maltese cross” in Elam and Babylon, 155, 156.

Man, the first, Purusha as, 89;
like the Teutonic Ymer, 90;
like Chinese P'an Ku and Egyptian Ptah, 90 _n._

“Man in the eye”, the, soul as, 42.

Managarm, Teutonic moon devourer, Rahu the Indian, 64, 142.

Män´ăsă, snake goddess, 152.

Mandapala (măndă´pălä), the childless Rishi, refused entry to heaven,
59.

Măndara mountain, in “Churning of the Ocean” myth, 143.

Mani (man´ee), Germanic moon god, 36.

Manipur, Arjuna weds princess of, 226.

Măn´măt´´hă, the love god, 151.

Mannus, Teutonic patriarch, 23.

Mănt´hără, the hunchback, plots against Rama, 385 _et seq._;
Satrughna desires to slay, 397.

_Manu, laws of_, reincarnation in, 13;
Narayana creation myth in, 101 _et seq._;
celestial Rishis in, 102;
transmigration doctrine in, 117;
Gandharva marriage legalized in, 160;
the Niyoga custom, 171;
second marriages unlawful in, 369 _n._

Manu (măn´oo), patriarch of Agni worshippers, 23;
Yama and, 39 _n._;
eponymous ancestor of mankind, 101;
different forms of, 102;
in vedas and epics, 140;
the story of the fish and the Deluge, 140 _et seq._

Manus, the seven and fourteen, 102;
fourteen reign during “day of Brahmă”, 105.

Mara, the love god, 151.

Maricha, the Rakshasa of Ceylon, Rama drives over ocean, 381;
as the golden deer, 403;
Rama slays, 404, 405.

Mărichi (mă´reech-ee, _ch_ as in _each_), the rishi, the grandfather
of Vishnu's dwarf incarnation, 154.

Märkăndey´ă, long-lived Indian sage, 112 _et seq._;
visit of to Pandavas during exile, 259.

Marriage customs, the choice of Savitri, 45, 46;
capture, 60;
Gandharva marriage, 160;
Bhishma on various modes, 169;
his capture of king's three daughters, 169, 170;
Draupadi becomes joint wife of Pandavas, 222, 223;
Arjuna and Ulúpí, and princess of Manipur, and Subhadra, 226-8;
second marriages unlawful, 369 _n._

Mars, horse sacrificed to, 92, 93.

Maruts (măr´oots), Indra's attendants, 5;
in battle, 5, 6;
Vayu and, 25;
Rudras and, 26;
in Indra's heaven, 58;
at Dasaratha's horse sacrifice, 377.

Mătäli, Indra's chariot driver, 256, 258, 259.

Maternity, Sasti goddess of, 152, 153.

Mathematics, Brahmans and study of, 83.

Măt´hurã, Krishna and king of, 128.

May customs, Buriats burn house of dead, xxxiv;
“ram feast” of Devon, xlii.

Mead, the early Aryo-Indian, 77.

Mead of the gods (see _Amrita_ and _Soma_), Teutonic and Hindu giants
and, 36;
as “water of life”, 37.

Mediator, the, Mithra as, 30, 31.

Mediterranean race, xxvii;
Brahmans of, xxviii;
the new Brahmanical Pantheon, xl.
See also _Brown race_.

Mediterranean racial type and customs in Britain, xlii.

Megas´thenes, the Greek ambassador in India, evidence of regarding
Vishnu, Shiva, and Krishna, 122.

Memphis (mem´fis), “Hammer god” of, 3, 139.

Menăkä, the Apsara, 43, 69, 159, 160.

Merodach, Babylonian god, in creation myth, 90.

Meru (may´roo), 17.
See _Mount Meru_.

Mesopotamia, Aryan gods in, 62.

“Metal of heaven”, iron the, 77.

Metaphysical thought, Brahmans and, 82.

Metempsychosis, doctrine of. See _Transmigration of souls_.

Mexico, ancient, 90.

“Middle Country” (Madhyadesa) of Northern India, xxxix;
tribal struggles and hero songs of, xlvi;
early Aryo-Indians in, 76, 83;
centre of Brahmanic culture, 88;
held by Panchalas, 155.

Milesian Age, in Irish mythology, 110 _et seq._

Milk, Ocean of. See _Sea of Milk_.

Milkmaids (Gopis), Krishna and the, 129.

Milky Way, Arjuna travels by to Indra's heavens, 69, 256.

Mimer, the “wonder smith”, Twashtri like, 4;
well of, 37.

Mind, identified with soul, 101.

Miner´va, Saraswati as, 149.

Missionaries, the Buddhist, 133.

Mitanni (mi-tan´ee), Aryan settlement in, xxix;
names of kings, xxx;
kings as overlords of Assyria, xxx;
deities of, xxxi, xxxii;
military autocracy of, xxxvi;
Kurds descendants of Aryans of, xxxviii, xxxix;
Indra “hammer god” of, 3;
Aryanized kingdom of, 31;
Agni not a god in, 32;
Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Nasatya gods of, 2;
Aryan kings as overlords of Assyria, 62.

Mithila (mit´hilä), Janaka, father of Sita, rajah of, 375.

Mithra, in Vedic Age, xxxi;
in Asia Minor, xxxii, 28;
in Babylonian and Persian mythologies, 29;
the Assyrian “metru”, 30;
as a “corn god”, 30;
as the mediator, 30, 31;
as Fitzgerald's Jamshid (Yima), 40;
monotheism of cult of, 41.

Mit´ră (Mithra), in Vedic Age, xxxi;
in Asia Minor, xxxii;
identified with Agni, 22;
associated with Varuna, 28;
as protector of hearth and home, 29;
as Babylonian sun god, 29;
Assyrian and Persian clues, 30;
a god of Mitanni, 32;
Surya as “the eye” of, 33;
identified with Jamshid (Yima), 40;
influenced by Babylonian beliefs, 40;
plays flute in Paradise, 41;
as an Asura, 61;
god of the overlords of Assyria, 62.

Mohammedans, number of in India, xviii.

Moisture of life, saliva as, 37;
creative tears of Prajapati, 100, 101.

Monastic orders, the Buddhist, Egyptian, and Christian, 133.

Money, name of coin derived from necklet, 78.

Mongolians, in India, xxv, xxvi, xxvii, xxviii;
Turki and Ugrian tribes, xxix;
“Father right” among, xxxi;
burial customs of, xxxiv;
horse sacrifice among, 90;
cremation ceremony described, 91.

Monotheism, Mithra's cult and, 41.

Moon, worship of, xl;
doctrine of transmigration and, 117;
standing stones visited by women at phases of, 147;
as source of growth and moisture (water of life), 37;
as ripener of crops, 35;
influence of on animate and inanimate nature, 35;
mead of Teutonic and Hindu gods in, 36, 142 _et seq._;
horse sacrifice and phase of, 92, 313;
race of the, King Bharata and descendants of, 157 _et seq._;
Damayanti compared to, 356;
gender of in Europe and Africa, 356 _n._, 357 _n._

Moon bowl, Twashtri shapes, 12.

Moon bride, 356.