Chapter I: Front Matter

INDEX OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG

WORKS OF

WASHINGTON IRVING

Compiled by David Widger

CONTENTS

THE LEGEND OF SLEEPY HOLLOW

LITTLE BRITAIN

## ASTORIA

## THE ADVENTURES OF CAPTAIN BONNEVILLE

## OLD CHRISTMAS

## THE SKETCH BOOK OF GEOFFREY CRAYON, GENT.

## THE CRAYON PAPERS

## THE CONQUEST OF GRANADA

## THE STUDENT'S LIFE OF WASHINGTON; CONDENSED

THE LIFE OF GEORGE WASHINGTON, VOL I (of V)

## ABBOTSFORD AND NEWSTEAD ABBEY

## OLIVER GOLDSMITH

LIFE AND VOYAGES OF CHRISTOPHER COLUMBUS (VOL. II)

## WOLFERT'S ROOST AND MISCELLANIES

## KNICKERBOCKER'S HISTORY OF NEW YORK

## TALES OF A TRAVELLER

## BRACEBRIDGE HALL, OR THE HUMORISTS

## THE ALHAMBRA

## SPANISH PAPERS

TABLES OF CONTENTS OF VOLUMES

ASTORIA; OR, ANECDOTES OF AN ENTERPRISE BEYOND THE ROCKY MOUNTAINS By Washington Irving

CONTENTS

AUTHOR�S INTRODUCTION

CHAPTER I. -- Objects of American Enterprise.-Gold Hunting and Fur Trading.-Their Effect on Colonization.-Early French Canadian Settlers.- Ottawa and Huron Hunters.-An Indian Trading Camp. Coureurs Des Bois, or Rangers of the Woods.-Their Roaming Life.-Their Revels and Excesses.- Licensed Traders. Missionaries.-Trading Posts.-Primitive French Canadian Merchant.-His Establishment and Dependents.-British Canadian Fur Merchant.-Origin of the Northwest Company.-Its Constitution.-Its Internal Trade.-A Candidate for the Company.-Privations in the Wilderness.-Northwest Clerks. Northwest Partners.-Northwest Nabobs.- Feudal Notions in the Forests.-The Lords of the Lakes.-Fort William.-Its Parliamentary Hall and Banqueting Room.-Wassailing in the Wilderness.

CHAPTER II. -- Rise of the Mackinaw Company.-Attempt of the American Government to Counteract Foreign Influence Over the Indian Tribes.-John Jacob Astor.-His Birth-Place.-His Arrival in the United States.-What First Turned His Attention to the Fur Trade.-His Character, Enterprises, and Success.-His Communications With the American Government.-Origin of the American Fur Company

CHAPTER III. -- Fur Trade in the Pacific-American Coasting Voyages- Russian Enterprises.-Discovery of the Columbia River.-Carver's Project to Found a Settlement There.-Mackenzie's Expedition.-Lewis and Clarke's Journey Across the Rocky Mountains-Mr. Astor's Grand Commercial Scheme.- His Correspondence on the Subject With Mr. Jefferson.-His Negotiations With the Northwest Company.-His Steps to Carry His Scheme Into Effect.

CHAPTER IV. -- Two Expeditions Set on Foot.-The Tonquin and Her Crew.- Captain Thorn, His Character.-The Partners and Clerks- Canadian Voyageurs, Their Habits, Employments, Dress, Character, Songs-Expedition of a Canadian Boat and Its Crew by Land and Water.-Arrival at New York.- Preparations for a Sea Voyage.-Northwest Braggarts.-Underhand Precautions- Letter of Instructions.

CHAPTER V. -- Sailing of the Tonquin.-A Rigid Commander and a Reckless Crew.-Landsmen on Shipboard.-Fresh-Water Sailors at Sea.- Lubber Nests.- Ship Fare.-A Labrador Veteran-Literary Clerks.-Curious Travellers.- Robinson Crusoe's Island.- Quarter-Deck Quarrels.-Falkland Islands.-A Wild-Goose Chase.-Port Egmont.-Epitaph Hunting.-Old Mortality- Penguin Shooting.-Sportsmen Left in the Lurch.-A Hard Pull.-Further Altercations.-Arrival at Owyhee.

CHAPTER VI. -- Owyhee.-Sandwich Islanders-Their Nautical Talents.- Tamaahmaah.-His Navy.-His Negotiations.-Views of Mr. Astor With Respect to the Sandwich Islands-Karakakooa.- Royal Monopoly of Pork.-Description of the Islanders- Gayeties on Shore.-Chronicler of the Island.-Place Where Captain Cook was Killed.-John Young, a Nautical Governor.-His Story.-Waititi-A Royal Residence.-A Royal Visit-Grand Ceremonials.-Close Dealing-A Royal Pork Merchant-Grievances of a Matter-of-Fact Man.

CHAPTER VII. -- Departure From the Sandwich Islands.-Misunderstandings- Miseries of a Suspicious Man.-Arrival at the Columbia- Dangerous Service.-Gloomy Apprehensions-Bars and Breakers.-Perils of the Ship. Disasters of a Boat's Crew.- Burial of a Sandwich Islander.

CHAPTER VIII. -- Mouth of the Columbia.-The Native Tribes.-Their Fishing.- Their Canoes.-Bold Navigators-Equestrian Indians and Piscatory Indians, Difference in Their Physical Organization.-Search for a Trading Site.-Expedition of M'Dougal and David Stuart-Comcomly, the One-Eyed Chieftain.- Influence of Wealth in Savage Life.-Slavery Among the Natives.-An Aristocracy of Flatheads.-Hospitality Among the Chinooks- Comcomly's Daughter.-Her Conquest.

CHAPTER IX. -- Point George-Founding of Astoria-Indian Visitors.-Their Reception.-The Captain Taboos the Ship.-Departure of the Tonquin.- Comments on the Conduct of Captain Thorn.

CHAPTER X. -- Disquieting Rumors From the Interior.-Reconnoitring Party- Preparations for a Trading Post.-An Unexpected Arrival-A Spy in the Camp.-Expedition Into the Interior-Shores of the Columbia-Mount Coffin.- Indian Sepulchre.-The Land of Spirits-Columbian Valley-Vancouver's Point.-Falls and Rapids.-A Great Fishing Mart.-The Village of Wishram.- Difference Between Fishing Indians and Hunting Indians- Effects of Habits of Trade on the Indian Character.-Post Established at the Oakinagan.

CHAPTER XI. -- Alarm at Astoria.-Rumor of Indian Hostilities.- Preparations for Defense.-Tragic Fate of the Tonquin.

CHAPTER XII. -- Gloom at Astoria-An Ingenious Stratagem.-The Small-Pox Chief.-Launching of the Dolly.-An Arrival.-A Canadian Trapper.-A Freeman of the Forest-An Iroquois Hunter.- Winter on the Columbia.-Festivities of New Year.

CHAPTER XIII. -- Expedition by Land.-Wilson P. Hunt.-His Character.- Donald M'Kenzie.-Recruiting Service Among the Voyageurs.-A Bark Canoe.- Chapel of St. Anne.-Votive Offerings.-Pious Carousals,-A Ragged Regiment.-Mackinaw.-Picture of a Trading Post.-Frolicking Voyageurs.- Swells and Swaggerers.- Indian Coxcombs.-A Man of the North.-Jockeyship of Voyageurs-Inefficacy of Gold.-Weight of a Feather-Mr. Ramsay Crooks- His Character.-His Risks Among the Indians.- His Warning Concerning Sioux and Blackfeet.-Embarkation of Recruits.-Parting Scenes Between Brothers, Cousins, Wives, Sweethearts, and Pot Companions.

CHAPTER XIV. -- St. Louis.-Its Situation.-Motley Population.-French Creole Traders and Their Dependants.-Missouri Fur Company- Mr. Manuel Lisa.-Mississippi Boatmen.-Vagrant Indians. -Kentucky Hunters-Old French Mansion-Fiddling-Billiards -Mr. Joseph Miller-His Character-Recruits- Voyage Up the Missouri.-Difficulties of the River.-Merits of Canadian Voyageurs.-Arrival at the Nodowa.-Mr. Robert M'Lellan joins the Party- John Day, a Virginia Hunter. Description of Him. -Mr. Hunt Returns to St. Louis.

CHAPTER XV. -- Opposition of the Missouri Fur Company.-Blackfeet Indians.- Pierre Dorion, a Half-Breed Interpreter.-Old Dorion and His Hybrid Progeny-Family Quarrels.-Cross Purposes Between Dorion and Lisa.- Renegadoes From Nodowa.-Perplexities of a Commander.-Messrs. Bradbury and Nuttall Join the Expedition.-Legal Embarrassments of Pierre Dorion.- Departure From St. Louis.-Conjugal Discipline of a Half- Breed.-Annual Swelling of the Rivers.-Daniel Boone, the Patriarch of Kentucky.-John Colter.-His Adventures Among the Indians.-Rumors of Danger Ahead.-Fort Osage.-An Indian War- Feast.-Troubles in the Dorion Family.-Buffaloes and Turkey- Buzzards.

CHAPTER XVI. -- Return of Spring.-Appearance of Snakes.-Great Flights of Wild Pigeons.-Renewal of the Voyage.-Night Encampments.- Platte River.- Ceremonials on Passing It.-Signs of Indian War Parties.-Magnificent Prospect at Papillion Creek.- Desertion of Two Hunters.-An Irruption Into the Camp of Indian Desperadoes.-Village of the Omahas.-Anecdotes of the Tribe.-Feudal Wars of the Indians.-Story of Blackbird, the Famous Omaha Chief.

CHAPTER XVII. -- Rumors of Danger From the Sioux Tetons.-Ruthless Character of Those Savages.-Pirates of the Missouri.-Their Affair with Crooks and M'Lellan.-A Trading Expedition Broken Up.- M'Lellan's Vow of Vengeance.-Uneasiness in the Camp.- Desertions.-Departure From the Omaha Village.-Meeting With Jones and Carson, two Adventurous Trappers.- Scientific Pursuits of Messrs. Bradbury and Nuttall.-Zeal of a Botanist.-Adventure of Mr. Bradbury with a Ponca Indian.- Expedient of the Pocket Compass and Microscope.-A Messenger From Lisa.-Motives for Pressing Forward.

CHAPTER XVIII. -- Camp Gossip.-Deserters.-Recruits.-Kentucky Hunters.-A Veteran Woodman.-Tidings of Mr. Henry.-Danger From the Blackfeet.- Alteration of Plans.-Scenery of the River.- Buffalo Roads.-Iron Ore.- Country of the Sioux.-A Land of Danger.-apprehensions of the Voyageurs.- Indian Scouts.- Threatened Hostilities.-A Council of War.-An Array of Battle.-A Parley.-The Pipe of Peace.-Speech-Making.

CHAPTER XIX. -- The Great Bend of the Missouri-Crooks and M'Lellan Meet With Two of Their Indian Opponents-Wanton Outrage of a White Man the Cause of Indian Hostility-Dangers and Precautions.-An Indian War Party.- Dangerous Situation of Mr. Hunt.-A Friendly Encampment.-Feasting and Dancing.- Approach of Manuel Lisa and His Party-.A Grim Meeting Between Old Rivals.-Pierre Dorion in a Fury.-A Burst of chivalry.

CHAPTER XX. -- Features of the Wilderness-Herds of Buffalo.-Antelopes- Their Varieties and Habits.-John Day.-His Hunting Strategy-Interview with Three Arickaras-Negotiations Between the Rival Parties-The Left- Handed and the Big Man, two Arickara Chiefs.-Arickara Village-Its Inhabitants- Ceremonials on Landing-A Council Lodge.-Grand Conference- Speech of Lisa.-Negotiation for Horses.-Shrewd Suggestion of Gray Eyes, an Arickara Chief-Encampment of the Trading Parties.

CHAPTER XXI. -- An Indian Horse Fair.-Love of the Indians for Horses- Scenes in the Arickara Village.-Indian Hospitality.-Duties of Indian Women. Game Habits of the Men.-Their Indolence. -Love of Gossiping.- Rumors of Lurking Enemies.-Scouts.- An Alarm.-A Sallying Forth.-Indian Dogs.-Return of a Horse -Stealing Party.-An Indian Deputation.-Fresh Alarms.-Return of a Successful War Party.-Dress of the Arickaras.-Indian Toilet.-Triumphal Entry of the War Party.-Meetings of Relations and Friends.-Indian Sensibility.-Meeting of a Wounded Warrior and His Mother.-Festivities and Lamentations.

CHAPTER XXII. -- Wilderness of the Far West.-Great American Desert- Parched Seasons.-Black Hills.-Rocky Mountains.-Wandering and Predatory Hordes.-Speculations on What May Be the Future Population.-Apprehended Dangers.-A Plot to Desert.-Rose the Interpreter.-His Sinister Character- Departure From the Arickara Village.

CHAPTER XXIII. -- Summer Weather of the Prairies.-Purity of the Atmosphere- Canadians on the March.-Sickness in the Camp.-Big River.- Vulgar Nomenclature.-Suggestions About the Original Indian Names.-Camp of Cheyennes.-Trade for Horses.-Character of the Cheyennes.-Their Horsemanship.-Historical Anecdotes of the Tribe.

CHAPTER XXIV. -- New Distribution of Horses-Secret Information of Treason in the Camp.-Rose the Interpreter-His Perfidious Character- His Plots.-Anecdotes of the Crow Indians.-Notorious Horse Stealers.-Some Account of Rose.-A Desperado of the Frontier.

CHAPTER XXV. -- Substitute for Fuel on the Prairies.-Fossil Trees.- Fierceness of the Buffaloes When in Heat.-Three Hunters Missing.-Signal Fires and Smokes.-Uneasiness Concerning the Lost Men.-A Plan to Forestall a Rogue.-New Arrangement With Rose.-Return of the Wanderers.

CHAPTER XXVI. -- The Black Mountains.-Haunts of Predatory Indians.-Their Wild and Broken Appearance.-Superstitions Concerning Them- Thunder Spirits.-Singular Noises in the Mountains-Secret Mines.-Hidden Treasures.-Mountains in Labor.-Scientific Explanation.-Impassable Defiles.-Black-Tailed Deer.-The Bighorn or Ahsahta.-Prospect From a Lofty Height.-Plain With Herds of Buffalo.-Distant Peaks of the Rocky Mountains.-Alarms in the Camp.-Tracks of Grizzly Bears.- Dangerous Nature of This Animal.-Adventures of William Cannon and John Day With Grizzly Bears.

CHAPTER XXVII. -- Indian Trail.-Rough Mountain Travelling.-Sufferings From Hunger and Thirst-Powder River.-Game in Abundance.-A Hunter's Paradise.-Mountain Peak Seen at a Great Distance.- One of the Bighorn Chain.-Rocky Mountains.-Extent.- Appearance.-Height.-The Great American Desert.-Various Characteristics of the Mountains.-Indian Superstitions Concerning Them.-Land of Souls.-Towns of the Free and Generous Spirits- Happy Hunting Grounds.

CHAPTER XXVIII. -- Region of the Crow Indians-Scouts on the Lookout- Visit From a Crew of Hard Riders.-A Crow Camp.-Presents to the Crow Chief.-Bargaining.-Crow Bullies.-Rose Among His Indian Friends.-Parting With the Crows.-Perplexities Among the Mountains.-More of the Crows.- Equestrian Children.-Search After Stragglers.

CHAPTER XXIX -- Mountain Glens.-Wandering Band of Savages-Anecdotes of Shoshonies and Flatheads.-Root Diggers-Their Solitary Lurking Habits.- Gnomes of the Mountains.-Wind River.- Scarcity of Food.-Alteration of Route.-The Pilot Knobs or Tetons.-Branch of the Colorado.-Hunting Camp.

CHAPTER XXX. -- A Plentiful Hunting Camp.-Shoshonie Hunters-Hoback's River -Mad River-Encampment Near the Pilot Knobs.-A Consultation.- Preparations for a Perilous Voyage.

CHAPTER XXXI. -- A Consultation Whether to Proceed by Land or Water- Preparations for Boat-Building.-An Exploring Party.-A Party of Trappers Detached.-Two Snake Visitors.-Their Report Concerning the River.- Confirmed by the Exploring Party.-Mad River Abandoned.-Arrival at Henry's Fort.- Detachment of Robinson, Hoback, and Rezner to Trap.-Mr. Miller Resolves to Accompany Them.-Their Departure.

CHAPTER XXXII. -- Scanty Fare.-A Mendicant Snake.-Embarkation on Henry River-Joy of the Voyageurs.-Arrival at Snake River.-Rapids and Breakers.-Beginning of Misfortunes.-Snake Encampments.-Parley With a Savage.-A Second Disaster.- Loss of a Boatman.-The Caldron Linn.

CHAPTER XXXIII. -- Gloomy Council.-Exploring Parties-Discouraging Reports- Disastrous Experiment.-Detachments in Quest of Succor.- Caches, How Made.-Return of One of the Detachments- Unsuccessful.-Further Disappointments-The Devil's Scuttle-Hole

CHAPTER XXXIV. -- Determination of the Party to Proceed on Foot.-Dreary Deserts Between Snake River and the Columbia.-Distribution of Effects Preparatory to a March-Division of the Party.- Rugged March Along the River.-Wild and Broken Scenery.- Shoshonies.-Alarm of a Snake Encampment-Intercourse with the Snakes.-Horse Dealing.-Value of a Tin Kettle.- Sufferings From Thirst-A Horse Reclaimed.-Fortitude of an Indian Woman.-Scarcity of Food.-Dog's Flesh a Dainty.-News of Mr. Crooks and His Party.-Painful Travelling Among the Mountains.-Snow Storms.-A Dreary Mountain Prospect.-A Bivouac During a Wintry Night.-Return to the River Bank.

CHAPTER XXXV. -- An Unexpected Meeting.-Navigation in a Skin Canoe.- Strange Fears of Suffering Men.-Hardships of Mr. Crooks and His Comrades.-Tidings of M'Lellan.-A Retrograde March.-A Willow Raft.- Extreme Suffering of Some of the Party-Illness of Mr. Crooks.-Impatience of Some of the Men.-Necessity of Leaving the Laggards Behind.

CHAPTER XXXVI. -- Mr. Hunt Overtakes the Advance Party.-Pierre Dorion, and His Skeleton Horse.-A Shoshonie Camp.-A Justifiable Outrage.- Feasting on Horse Flesh.-Mr. Crooks Brought to the Camp.-Undertakes to Relieve His Men.-The Skin Ferry- Boat.-Frenzy of Prevost.-His Melancholy Fate.-Enfeebled State of John Day.-Mr. Crooks Again Left Behind.-The Party Emerge From Among the Mountains.-Interview With Shoshonies.- A Guide Procured to Conduct the Party Across a Mountain.- Ferriage Across Snake River.-Reunion With Mr Crook's Men.- Final Departure From the River.

CHAPTER XXXVII -- Departure From Snake River-Mountains to the North.- Wayworn Travellers-An Increase of the Dorion Family.-A Camp of Shoshonies.-A New-Year Festival Among the Snakes.-A Wintry March Through the Mountains.-A Sunny Prospect, and Milder Climate.-Indian Horse- Tracks.-Grassy Valleys.-A Camp of Sciatogas.-Joy of the Travellers.- Dangers of Abundance.- Habits of the Sciatogas.-Fate of Carriere.-The Umatilla.- Arrival at the Banks of the Columbia.-Tidings of the Scattered Members of the Expedition.-Scenery on the Columbia.-Tidings of Astoria-Arrival at the Falls.

CHAPTER XXXVIII. -- The Village of Wish-ram.-Roguery of the Inhabitants.-Their Habitations.-Tidings of Astoria.-Of the Tonquin Massacre. -Thieves About the Camp.-A Band of Braggarts-Embarkation.- Arrival at Astoria.-A Joyful Reception.-Old Comrade.- Adventures of Reed, M'Lellan, and M'Kenzie Among the Snake River Mountains.-Rejoicing at Astoria.

CHAPTER XXXIX. -- Scanty Fare During the Winter.-A Poor Hunting Ground.- The Return of the Fishing Season.-The Uthlecan or Smelt.-Its Qualities.- Vast Shoals of it.-Sturgeon.-Indian Modes of Taking It.-The Salmon- Different Species.-Nature of the Country About the Coast.-Forests and Forest Trees.-A Remarkable Flowering Vine.-Animals.-Birds.-Reptiles- Climate West of the Mountains-Mildness of the Temperature.-Soil of the Coast and the Interior.

CHAPTER XL. -- Natives in the Neighborhood of Astoria-Their Persons and Characteristics.-Causes of Deformity-Their Dress.- Their Contempt of Beards-Ornaments-Armor and Weapons.-Mode of Flattening the Head.-Extent of the Custom.-Religious Belief.-The Two Great Spirits of the Air and of the Fire.- Priests or Medicine Men.-The Rival Idols.-Polygamy a Cause of Greatness-Petty Warfare.-Music, Dancing, Gambling.- Thieving a Virtue.- Keen Traders-Intrusive Habits- Abhorrence of Drunkenness-Anecdote of Comcomly.

CHAPTER XLI. -- Spring Arrangements at Astoria.-Various Expeditions Set Out.-The Long Narrows.-Pilfering Indians.-Thievish Tribe at Wish-ram.- Portage at the Falls-Portage by Moonlight.- An Attack, a Route, and a Robbery.-Indian Cure for Cowardice.-A Parley and Compromise.-The Despatch Party Turn Back.-Meet Crooks and John Day.-Their Sufferings.- Indian Perfidy.-Arrival at Astoria.

CHAPTER XLII -- Comprehensive Views.-To Supply the Russian Fur Establishment.-An Agent Sent to Russia.-Project of an Annual Ship.-The Beaver Fitted Out.-Her Equipment and Crew.-Instructions to the Captain.- The Sandwich Islands.-Rumors of the Fate of the Tonquin.-Precautions on Reaching the Mouth of the Columbia.

CHAPTER XLIII. -- Active Operations at Astoria-Various Expeditions Fitted Out.-Robert Stuart and a Party Destined for New York- Singular Conduct of John Day.-His Fate.-Piratical Pass and Hazardous Portage.- Rattlesnakes.-Their Abhorrence of Tobacco.-Arrival Among the Wallah- Wallahs.-Purchase of Horses-Departure of Stuart and His Band for the Mountains.

CHAPTER XLIV. -- Route of Mr. Stuart-Dreary Wilds.-Thirsty Travelling.-A Grove and Streamlet.-The Blue Mountains.-A Fertile Plain With Rivulets.- Sulphur Spring-Route Along Snake River- Rumors of White Men.-The Snake and His Horse.-A Snake Guide.-A Midnight Decampment.-Unexpected Meeting With Old Comrades-Story of Trappers' Hardships-Salmon Falls-A Great Fishery.-Mode of Spearing Salmon.-Arrival at the Caldron Linn.-State of the Caches.-New Resolution of the Three Kentucky Trappers.

CHAPTER XLV. -- The Snake River Deserts.-Scanty Fare.-Bewildered Travellers-Prowling Indians-A Giant Crow Chief.-A Bully Rebuked-Indian Signals.-Smoke on the Mountains.-Mad River.-An Alarm.-An Indian Foray-A Scamper.-A Rude Indian joke.-A Sharp-Shooter Balked of His Shot.

CHAPTER XLVI. -- Travellers Unhorsed-Pedestrian Preparations-Prying Spies. -Bonfires of Baggage-A March on Foot.-Rafting a River-The Wounded Elk.-Indian Trails.-Willful Conduct of Mr. M'Lellan.-Grand Prospect From a Mountain.-Distant Craters of Volcanoes-Illness of Mr. Crooks.

CHAPTER XLVII. -- Ben Jones and a Grizzly Bear.-Rocky Heights-Mountain Torrents.-Traces of M'Lellan.-Volcanic Remains-Mineral Earths.-Peculiar Clay for Pottery.-Dismal Plight of M'Lellan.-Starvation.-Shocking Proposition of a Desperate Man.-A Broken-Down Bull.-A Ravenous Meal.- Indian Graves- Hospitable Snakes.-A Forlorn Alliance.

CHAPTER XLVIII. -- Spanish River Scenery.-Trail of Crow Indians.-A Snow- Storm.-A Rousing Fire and a Buffalo Feast.-A Plain of Salt.-Climbing a Mountain.-Volcanic Summit.-Extinguished Crater.-Marine Shells.- Encampment on a Prairie.- Successful Hunting.-Good Cheer.-Romantic Scenery-Rocky Defile.-Foaming Rapids.-The Fiery Narrows.

CHAPTER XLIX. -- Wintry Storms.-A Halt and Council.-Cantonment for the Winter.-Fine Hunting Country.-Game of the Mountains and Plains.- Successful Hunting-Mr. Crooks and a Grizzly Bear.- The Wigwam.-Bighorn and Black-Tails.-Beef and Venison.- Good Quarters and Good Cheer.-An Alarm.-An Intrusion.- Unwelcome Guests.-Desolation of the Larder.- Gormandizing Exploits of Hungry Savages.-Good Quarters Abandoned.

CHAPTER L. -- Rough Wintry Travelling-Hills and Plains.-Snow and Ice.- Disappearance of Game.-A Vast Dreary Plain.-A. Second Halt for the Winter.-Another Wigwam.-New Year's Feast.-Buffalo Humps, Tongues, and Marrow-Bones.-Return of Spring.-Launch of Canoes.-Bad Navigation.- Pedestrian March.-Vast Prairies.-Deserted Camps.-Pawnee Squaws.-An Otto Indian.-News of War.-Voyage Down the Platte and the Missouri.-Reception at Fort Osage.-Arrival at St. Louis.

CHAPTER LI. -- Agreement Between Mr. Astor and the Russian Fur Company- War Between the United States and Great Britain.-Instructions to Captain Sowle of the Beaver-Fitting Out of the Lark.- News of the Arrival of Mr. Stuart.

CHAPTER LII. -- Banks of the Wallah-Wallah.-Departure of David Stuart for the Oakinagan.-Mr. Clarke's Route Up Lewis River.- Chipunnish, or Pierced-Nose Indians-Their Character, Appearance, and Habits.-Thievish Habits.-Laying Up of the Boats.-Post at Pointed Heart and Spokan Rivers.-M'Kenzie, His Route Up the Camoenum.-Bands of Travelling Indians.- Expedition of Reed to the Caches.-Adventures of Wandering Voyageurs and Trappers.

CHAPTER LIII. -- Departure of Mr. Hunt in the Beaver-Precautions at the Factory.-Detachment to the Wollamut.-Gloomy Apprehensions.- Arrival of M'Kenzie.-Affairs at the Shahaptan.-News of War.-Dismay of M'Dougal.- Determination to Abandon Astoria.- Departure of M'Kenzie for the Interior.-Adventure at the Rapids.-Visit to the Ruffians of Wish-ram.-A Perilous Situation.-Meeting With M'Tavish and His Party.-Arrival at the Shahaptan.-Plundered Caches.-Determination of the Wintering Partners Not to Leave the Country.-Arrival of Clarke Among the Nez Perces.-The Affair of the Silver Goblet.-Hanging of An Indian.-Arrival of the Wintering Partners at Astoria.

CHAPTER LIV. -- The Partners Displeased With M'Dougal.-Equivocal Conduct of That Gentleman-Partners Agree to Abandon Astoria.-Sale of Goods to M'Tavish.-Arrangements for the Year.-Manifesto Signed by the Partners- Departure of M'Tavish for the Interior.

CHAPTER LV. -- Anxieties of Mr. Astor.-Memorial of the Northwest Company- Tidings of a British Naval Expedition Against Astoria.-Mr. Astor Applies to Government for Protection.-The Frigate Adams Ordered to be Fitted Out.-Bright News From Astoria.- Sunshine Suddenly Overclouded.

CHAPTER LVI. -- Affairs of State at Astoria.-M'Dougal Proposes for the Hand of An Indian Princess-Matrimonial Embassy to Comcomly.- Matrimonial Notions Among the Chinooks.-Settlements and Pin-Money.-The Bringing Home of the Bride.-A Managing Father-in-Law.-Arrival of Mr. Hunt at Astoria.

CHAPTER LVII. -- Voyage of the Beaver to New Archangel.-A Russian Governor.- Roystering Rule.-The Tyranny of the Table-Hard Drinking Bargainings.-Voyage to Kamtschatka.-Seal Catching Establishment at St. Paul's.-Storms at Sea.-Mr. Hunt Left at the Sandwich Islands.- Transactions of the Beaver at Canton.-Return of Mr. Hunt to Astoria.

CHAPTER LVIII. -- Arrangements Among the Partners-Mr. Hunt Sails in the Albatross.-Arrives at the Marquesas-News of the Frigate Phoebe.-Mr. Hunt Proceeds to the Sandwich Islands.-Voyage of the Lark.-Her Shipwreck.- Transactions With the Natives of the Sandwich Islands-Conduct of Tamaahmaah.

CHAPTER LIX. -- Arrival of M'Tavish at Astoria.-Conduct of His Followers.- Negotiations of M'Dougal and M'Tavish.-Bargain for the Transfer of Astoria-Doubts Entertained of the Loyalty of M'Dougal.

CHAPTER LX. -- Arrival of a Strange Sail.-Agitation at Astoria.-Warlike Offer of Comcomly.-Astoria Taken Possession of by the British.- Indignation of Comcomly at the Conduct of His Son- in-Law.

CHAPTER LXI. -- Arrival of the Brig Pedler at Astoria.-Breaking Up of the Establishment.-Departure of Several of the Company.- Tragical Story Told by the Squaw of Pierre Dorion.-Fate of Reed and His Companions.- Attempts of Mr. Astor to Renew His Enterprise.-Disappointment.- Concluding Observations and Reflection.