Chapter X: Part 10

[205] Americus Vespucius, a merchant of Florence, had the honour of giving his name to this new half of the globe, in which he did not possess one acre of land; and pretended to be the first who discovered the continent. Admitting it true that he first discovered it, the glory is due to the man who had the penetration to see that the voyage was practicable, and the courage to perform it. Columbus made three voyages, as viceroy and admiral, five years before Americus made one as a geographer; but Vespucius writing to his friends at Florence that he had discovered a new world, they took his word, and the citizens decreed that a grand illumination should be made before the door of his house every three years, on the feast of All Saints. Such are the accidents by which honours are attained. A merchant gives his name to one half of the globe from happening to be on board a fleet that in 1489 sailed along the coast of Brazil!

[206] This story has been told of Brunelleschi, who improved the architecture of Florence many years before Columbus was born, and it has been since related of many others. These ambulatory anecdotes are transferred from one traveller to another, like the wishing-cap of Fortunatus, that was made to fit every head on which it was placed.

[207] "There is scarce an Egyptian, Greek, or Roman deity, but hath a twisted serpent, twisted cornucopia, or some symbol winding in this manner, to accompany it."--_Preface to Analysis of Beauty_, p. 18.

[208] Some of these were in wood, and some in copper. The painter, when once asked why he did not answer them, replied, that "he had not seen one which promised to live so long as it would take to engrave a plate." A few of these poignant satires I have seen; but they have now attained a black letter value, and are seldom to be found except in the cabinets of the curious. A series of six or eight, beginning with one entitled "The Butifyer, or a Touch on the Times," Plate I., were designed and engraved by an artist of deserved celebrity.[209] With a frankness for which he is remarkable, and which does him honour, he once acknowledged to me, that being a very young man, he was deceived by the loud clamours of certain veterans, at that time leaders in the arts; but had he seen Hogarth's merit then as he does now, nothing should have induced him to attempt the ridicule of such talents.

[209] Mr. Paul Sandby.

[210] This alludes to the time Hogarth thought would elapse before Stuart's plan was completed; and the prediction was amply verified, for the second volume of _Athens_ was not published until 1789 or 90, though the title-page is dated 1787.

[211] Stuart being once questioned by Frank Hayman upon his right to assume both these titles, said that "Poetry was his wife, and Architecture his mistress." "You may call them so," said Hayman, "but I never heard that you had living issue by either."

[212] The mortification Hogarth naturally felt at seeing more money given for a drawing of an ancient pig-sty than he received for his most capital work, was unquestionably the strongest inducement.

[213] A description of this print was published in _The Beauties of all the Magazines_ for 1761; part of it I have subjoined:--

"Over the first row is written the title Episcopal. The first capital
discovers only a forked nose, lips, and one eye; the rest of the
face is eclipsed by the wig's protuberance. The next three etchings
are only the hinder parts of heads; by these Mr. Hogarth satirizes
the present age for their immoralities, which are so notorious, that
three-fifths of the religious orders turn their backs upon us, not
being able to behold such wickedness.

"The last visage in the line is marked with true pedantic contempt;
the wig's fore-top is like the forked hill of Parnassus, and there is
a roll round the forehead, like a MS. scroll; the eyelids are almost
closed, which denotes _the wise man's wink_, or that he can see the
world with half an eye. The muscles of the countenance are curled up
into disdain, and he seems to say, 'I despise ye, ye illiterati!'

"The immense quantity of grizzle which is wove into the wigs carries
a twofold design--for reverence and for warmth. The make of these
canonicals evinces the care this order take of themselves, for the
sake of those committed to their trust; and the profusion of curls or
friz in each denotes the wearer must be most learned, because, as the
country folk say, Why should they put a double coat of thatch upon a
barn, without there was a greater proportion than ordinary of grain
housed therein?

"The next row is inscribed Aldermanic. The first wig has two ends,
exactly like the dropsical legs of some over-gorged glutton; and the
three-quartered face indicates Plenty, Porter, and Politics. On the
brow, domestical significancy is seated; a look necessary to each
master who dozes in his arm-chair on the Sunday evening, while his
lady reads prayers to the rest of the family. It is a countenance
which carries dignity with it even at the upper end of a table at a
turtle-eating.

"The second has one lock dependent like a sheep's bushy tail. This
man could make speeches, knew the nature of debentures, and was much
harassed by cent. per cent. commerce. Many are the sleepless nights
he has passed in scheming how to fix, if for only half a day, the
fluctuating chances of 'Change Alley.

"The third wig is, as the sailors say, 'all aback.' By the swelling
of the full bottom, we have an idea of Magna Charta consequence, and
guess that the wearer would say something--if he could but see it.

"The next is parted triangular-wise, to fall each side the shoulders.
This design was originally taken from a nutting-stick. Thus one of
our finest capitals was delineated from a square tile, a weed, and a
basket.

"With all modest conjecture we presume, from our intense application
to mathematics, that the semicircular sweep at the end of the last
full bottom signifies a gold chain. But as we are Englishmen, and
will have nothing to do with chains, we shall hasten to the wigs and
chins in the third, entitled 'Lexonical.'

"Great men are always celebrated for great things: Cicero for his
wart; Ovid for a nose almost equal to Slawkenbergius'; and this
portrait seems to be ushered into notice by the curvature of the
chin. How venerably elegant do these Lexonicals appear! Here is
indeed law at full length. Special pleadings in the fore-top;
declarations, replications, rejoinders, issues, and demurrers in
every buckle. The knotty points of practice in the intricacies of the
twisted tail, and the depth of the whole wig, emblematically express
the length of a Chancery suit, while the black coif behind looks like
a blister."

[214] A term peculiarly appropriated to the Court of Common Pleas.

[215] To the honour of Sir John Fielding, he once attempted to prevent its being performed, but the attempt failed. Since that time it has been so completely disfigured by Mr. Charles Bannister being disguised in the character of Polly, and Macheath personated by Mrs. Cargill, etc. etc. etc., that no person who had the least pretensions to taste would be seen at such a drama in masquerade.

[216] "_Johnson._ I am of opinion that more influence has been ascribed to the _Beggars' Opera_ than it in reality ever had; for I do not believe that any man was ever made a rogue by being present at its representation. At the same time, I do not deny that it may have some influence, by making the character of a rogue familiar, and in some degree pleasing." Then collecting himself, as it were to give a heavy stroke; "There is in it such a labefaction of all principles, as may be injurious to morality."--Boswell's _Johnson_.

[217] A very eminent physician, whose discernment is as acute and penetrating in judging of the human character as it is in his own profession, remarked once at a club where I was, that a lively young man would hardly resist a solicitation from his mistress to go upon the highway, immediately after being present at the _Beggars' Opera_. I have been told of an ingenious observation by Mr. Gibbon, that "the _Beggars' Opera_ may perhaps have sometimes increased the number of highwaymen, but that it has had a beneficial effect in refining that class of men, making them less ferocious, more polite, in short, more like gentlemen." Upon this Mr. Courtenay said, that Gay was the Orpheus of highwaymen.--Note upon Boswell's _Johnson_, vol. i. p. 488.

[218] Glory be to great Apollo! At that auspicious period his lyre should have been new strung, and exalted in Britain; for her nobles were as much interested in the disputes between a trio of Italian singers, as they now are in those on which depends the salvation of the empire.

[219] The Ridiculous Travellers returned to Italy.

An Italian I was once talking with upon this crotchet contest, concluded an harangue, calculated to throw Gay's talents and taste into ridicule, with "Saire, this simple signor did tri to pelt mine countrymen out of England with _Lumps of Pudding_," another of the _Beggars' Opera_ tunes.

[220] Doctor Arbuthnot, describing the declining state of operas (in a letter printed in the _Daily Journal_), says, "I take the _Beggars' Opera_ to be the touchstone to try British taste on, and it has accordingly proved effectual in discovering our true inclinations, which, how artfully soever they may be disguised by a childish fondness for Italian poetry and music, in preference to our own, will, in one way or other, start up and disclose themselves."

[221] In the _London Chronicle_ for April 6, 1762, is the following paragraph: "On Friday last, at the sale of the late Mr. Rich's pictures, jewels, etc., a clock by Graham was bought by the Right Honourable the Earl of Chesterfield for £42; and a scene in the _Beggars' Opera_, where Lucy and Polly are pleading for Macheath, painted by Hogarth, was sold for £32, 14s. to his Grace the Duke of Leeds. The money arising from the whole sale amounted to £683, 14s."

[222] The name of that right cunning workman, Filch, is not introduced in the description of the outline; by an edition of the opera, published in 1729, I find he was personated by a Mr. Clark.

[223] The part of this hero of the highway being originally cast for Quin, intimates the style in which it was thought characteristic to play it. Walker was praised for performing it with dignity!

[224] In this are several portraits; one of Sir Francis Page of severe memory, with a halter round his neck--

"Hard words or hanging, if your judge be Page."

[225] In this, as in almost all his dedications, the poet is very lavish of his panegyric. Thus does it begin:--

"MAY IT PLEASE YOUR GRACE,--The favour which heroic plays have lately found upon our theatres, has been wholly derived to them from the countenance and approbation they have received at Court. The most eminent persons for wit and honour in the royal circle having so far owned them, that they have judged no way so fit as verse to entertain a noble audience or to express a noble passion. And among the rest which have been written in this kind, they have been so indulgent to this poem, as to allow it no inconsiderable place. Since, therefore, to the Court I owe its fortune on the stage; so, being now more publicly exposed in print, I humbly recommend it to your Grace's protection, who by all knowing persons is esteemed a principal ornament of the Court. But though the rank which you hold in the royal family might direct the eyes of a poet to you, yet your beauty and goodness detain and fix them," etc. etc. etc.

In the fourth act is the line about which Dryden has been so unmercifully laughed at, and which I have invariably seen quoted:

"I follow fate, which does too fast pursue."

This might be, and has been defended, by supposing that the race was run in a circle; but the line in a song, warbled by an Indian woman at the side of a fountain, is as follows:--

"Ah, fading joy, how quickly art thou past!
Yet we thy ruin haste:
As if the cares of human life were few,
We seek out new,
And follow fate, which would too fast pursue," etc.

[226] The following was given to me by a collector of dramatic curiosities, who in the course of a long life has raked together as many quires of ancient and modern play-bills as would cover every dead wall in the metropolis, and I am assured that of the above-mentioned handbill it is

A TRUE COPY.

"Connection of the _Indian Emperor_ to the _Indian Queen_.

"The conclusion of the _Indian Emperor_ (part of which poem was
written by me) left little matter for another story to be built
on, there remaining but two of the considerable characters alive,
viz. Montezuma and Orazia: thereupon the author of this thought it
necessary to produce new persons from the old ones; and considering
the late Indian Queen, before she loved Montezuma, lived in
clandestine marriage with her great general Traxalla, from those
two he has raised a son and two daughters, supposed to be grown up
to man and woman's estate, and their mother Orazia (for whom there
was no further use in the story) lately dead. So that you are to
imagine about twenty years elapsed since the coronation of Montezuma,
who in the truth of the history was a great and glorious prince,
and in whose time happened the discovery and invasion of Mexico
by the Spaniards (under the command of Cortez), who joined with
the Traxallan Indians, the inveterate enemies of Montezuma, wholly
subverted that flourishing empire, the conquest of which is the
subject of this dramatic poem.

"I have neither wholly followed the story, nor varied from it, and,
as near as I could, have traced the native simplicity and ignorance
of the Indians in relation to European customs: the shipping, armour,
horses, swords, and guns of the Spaniards, being as new to them as
their habits and manners were to the Christians.

"The difference of their religion from ours, I have taken from the
story itself; and that which you find of it in the first and fifth
acts, touching the sufferings and constancy of Montezuma in his
opinions, I have only illustrated, not altered from those who have
written of it.

"JOHN DRYDEN."

[227] Some eighteen or twenty years ago, a person of quality in the neighbourhood of Lichfield, dragged together a shoal of little holiday fry, to give an infantine exhibition of a new sentimental comedy.

A spacious Gothic gallery made an admirable theatre, and for scenery--there was an excellent substitute, in many a mouldering breadth of ancient tapestry, which represented in horrid guise the direful tale of Herod's Cruelty. By the hour announced for the theatrical _début_ of these unfledged actors, the house overflowed. Though the circumstance is not recorded by either Boswell or Sir John Hawkins, a late celebrated moralist was one of the audience. To the beginning of the fifth act he stayed with more patience than could have been expected; at this time he exhibited evident marks of _ennui_ and lassitude--yawned three times, and attempted to make his exit. The lady of the mansion cut off his retreat with, "'Pon honour, Doctor Johnson, you must not go! How can you think of leaving the theatre when my Dicky is in so interesting a situation?" "Madam," replied the sage, "with the plot of your play I was unacquainted, and have waited thus long in the hope that it would turn out a tragedy; I might then have seen how naturally little Dicky and his dramatic associates would have died! I now perceive that the author will neither introduce aconite nor a bare bodkin, and have no prospect of a pathetic termination but in Herod or some of his tapestry hang-dogs starting into life. Should these murderous ruffians once step upon the stage, all your pretty innocents will most assuredly be put to the sword!"

[228] In the third volume of this work, which was compiled from Hogarth's manuscripts, and published some time after the two which precede it, there is a catalogue of all his prints, and the editor has endeavoured to add a more perfect list of the numerous variations than has been hitherto given to the public.

[229] In a marginal leaf of the late Doctor Lort's _Trusler_, I found a piece of a newspaper with the following remarks (neither the date nor title of the paper were inserted): "Whether the late extraordinary sums paid for the works of Hogarth at Mr. Gulston's sale are to be regarded on the whole as proofs of our artist's merit, or of extravagance in our modern collectors, I shall not venture to determine; and yet the following statement of the rapid advance in the value of prints from this celebrated master may furnish notices to assist the judgment of your readers:--

"In 1780, Mr. Walpole obliged the world with a fourth volume of his _Anecdotes of Painting in England_. In this entertaining performance was comprised the first catalogue of Hogarth's pieces. I say the first, for every preceding enumeration of them was defective in the extreme. This was succeeded in 1781 by a publication from the ingenious and accurate Mr. Nichols, who considerably enlarged and amended the list made by his predecessor.

"In the same year, Mr. Bailley's collection, which would now be deemed an imperfect one, was sold at Christie's for £61, 10s. In 1782 it was resold, with some additions, at Barford's for £105.

"In 1785, the late Mr. Henderson of Covent Garden Theatre disposed of his collection, by far less complete than either of the foregoing, for £126.

"In 1786, Mr. Gulston's was sold piecemeal by Mr. Greenwood; and though the condition of all such articles in it, as real taste and common sense would style the most valuable, were very indifferent, the whole series is reported to have brought in upwards of £600.[230] At this auction, the plates now to be particularized were knocked down at the following rates, though taken altogether they were scarce worth the money paid for the cheapest of them:--

Two engravings on plate £4 14 6
Three ditto 3 10 0
Small arms of the Duchess of Kendal 4 0 0
Large ditto 6 0 0
Arms of Lord Aylmer 7 10 0
Arms unknown, with women as terms 6 10 0
Two ditto 1 11 6
Impression from a tankard 10 0 0
Hogarth's shop-bill and another 11 15 0
Rape of the Lock; impression from a gold snuff-box
presented to Mr. Pope 33 0 0
Scene of Evening, without the girl 40 8 6

"Should the celebrity of the delightful mock heroic poem, or the rareness of an imperfect play tending to show that a complete design is not always to be hit at once even by a Hogarth, furnish some apology for the purchase of the two last articles, what excuse can be invented for the collectors who bought the preceding trash on terms so ridiculously high? Of all the trifling works of art, coats of arms must be reckoned the most contemptible. These early productions of our author on silver tea-tables, mugs, and waiters, have no sort of merit to recommend them, nor were ever meant to be impressed on paper (except as in momentary satisfaction to the engraver); for being there reversed, like the prayers of witches, they must be read backwards. Besides, what taste or genius can be manifested in the disposition of a cat's whiskers or a fox's tail; in the emblazonry of a black swan with two necks, or a blue boar with gilded tail? What abilities are requisite for the expansion of an old woman's furred cloak (very pompously denominated a mantle) at the back of a shield, or for inscribing some bright sentence or wretched pun (yclep'd a motto) in Gothic Latin on a ribbon fantastically waved? For the design in which nature and manners are displayed, no praise can be too exalted; but as for his heraldry,--his representation of birds and beasts that never had existence,--

"A dragon, and a finless fish,
A clip-wing'd griffin, and a molten raven,
And such a deal of skimble-skamble stuff,"--

these can never be allowed to contribute a single leaf to the chaplet he has so long and so deservedly worn.

"I have dwelt the more on these things, because I am assured there are print-dealers now rummaging the books of our oldest engravers, in the hope that a still greater number of useless and insignificant particulars consisting of arms, etc., imputable to Hogarth, will be found; nor are their hopes less sanguine that the madness of collectors will be confirmed instead of cured by the examples hung out at the late auction in Leicester Fields.

"Let me hope, however, that for the future every sensible collector will think his assemblage of Hogarth's prints sufficiently complete, without the foolish adjuncts already described and reprobated. For the authenticity of these trifles being obvious to no kind of proof, they principally tend to expose their purchasers to the frauds of designing people, who will laugh at their credulity while they pocket their cash."

[230] A short time before this, the writer of these volumes had the honour of furnishing his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales with a set of Hogarth's works. They consisted of remarkably fine impressions from his most valuable plates, many of the variations, and some which were deemed scarce (though not one of either the large or small coat of arms). For the two volumes he charged and received £84.

[231] See the manner of disgracing the most serious subjects in many celebrated old pictures, by introducing low, absurd, and obscure, and often profane, circumstances into them.

[232]

"What shall withstand old Time's devouring hand?
Where's Troy? and where's the Maypole in the Strand?"

[233] I may be told that this is a mistake, and that it was either to Pope or Swift. It was the fate of Arbuthnot to twine laurel for the brows of his friends. I know it was a partnership account, but surely the Doctor was first in the firm.

[234] See the introduction to the _Memoirs of Scriblerus_.

[235] Should any Lord, Knight, Esquire, or spirited Bookseller, choose to purchase the whole copy, I am ready to treat with him upon proper terms.

[236] The writer of a modern book of travels, relating the particulars of his being cast away, thus concludeth: "After having walked eleven hours without tracing the print of a human foot, to my great comfort and delight I saw a man hanging upon a gibbet: my pleasure at this cheering prospect was inexpressible, for it convinced me that I was in a civilised country!"

* * * * *

_SEASON 1874._

A LIST OF BOOKS

PUBLISHED BY

CHATTO & WINDUS

(_Successors to John Camden Hotten_),

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With Notes by the late WILLIAM MAGINN, LL.D.

Edited, with copious Notes, by WILLIAM BATES, B.A., Professor of Classics in Queen's College, Birmingham. The volume contains the whole 83 SPLENDID AND MOST CHARACTERISTIC PORTRAITS, now first issued in a complete form. In demy 4to, over 400 pages, cloth gilt and gilt edges, 31_s._ 6_d._; or, in morocco elegant, 70_s._

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THE PRINCE OF CARICATURISTS.

THE WORKS OF JAMES GILLRAY,

_The Caricaturist_,

With the Story of his Life and Times, and full and Anecdotal Descriptions of his Engravings.

Edited by THOS. WRIGHT, Esq., M.A., F.S.A.

Illustrated with 90 full-page Plates, and about 400 Wood Engravings. Demy 4to, 600 pages, cloth extra, 31_s._ 6_d._; or, in morocco elegant, 70_s._

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A Gathering of Favourites from our Picture Galleries, 1800-1870. By WILKIE, CONSTABLE, J. M. W. TURNER, MULREADY, Sir EDWIN LANDSEER, MACLISE, LESLIE, E. M. WARD, FRITH, Sir JOHN GILBERT, ANSDELL, MARCUS STONE, Sir NOEL PATON, EYRE CROWE, FAED, MADOX BROWN. All Engraved in the highest style of Art. With Notices of the Artists by SYDNEY ARMYTAGE, M.A. A New Edition. Imperial 4to, cloth gilt and gilt edges, 21_s._; or, in morocco elegant, 65_s._

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=Advertising: its History=, in all Ages and Countries, with many very Amusing Anecdotes and Examples of Successful Advertisers. Crown 8vo, with numerous Illustrations, coloured and plain, cloth extra, 7_s._ 6_d._

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=Book of Hall-Marks=; or, Manual of Reference for the Goldsmith and Silversmith. By ALFRED LUTSCHAUNIG, Manager of the Liverpool Assay Office. Crown 8vo, with 46 Plates of the Hall-Marks of the different Assay Towns of the United Kingdom, as now stamped on Plate and Jewellery, 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _This work gives practical methods for testing the quality of
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=Booksellers, A History of.= A Work giving full Accounts of the Great Publishing Houses and their Founders, both in London and the Provinces, the History of their Rise and Progress, and descriptions of the special class of Literature dealt in by each. Crown 8vo, over 500 pages, with frontispiece and numerous Portraits and Illustrations, cloth extra, 7_s._ 6_d._

"In these days, ten ordinary Histories of Kings and Courtiers
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BRET HARTE'S WORKS.

_Widely known for their Exquisite Pathos and Delightful Humour._

=Bret Harte's Complete Works=, in Prose and Poetry. Now First Collected. With Introductory Essay by J. M. BELLEW, Portrait of the Author, and 50 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, 650 pages, cloth extra, 7_s._ 6_d._

=Bret Harte's Luck of Roaring Camp=, and other Stories. Fcap. 8vo, illustrated cover, 1_s._

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=Bret Harte's Sensation Novels Condensed.= Fcap. 8vo, illustrated cover, 1_s._ 6_d._

*** _A most enjoyable book, only surpassed, in its special class,
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=Bret Harte's Lothaw=; or, The Adventures of a Young Gentleman in Search of a Religion. By Mr. BENJAMINS (_Bret Harte_). Price 6_d._ Curiously Illustrated.

=Bret Harte's East and West.= Fcap. 8vo, illustrated cover, 1_s._

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NEW EDITIONS OF SIR DAVID BREWSTER'S WORKS.

=Brewster's More Worlds than One=, the Creed of the Philosopher and the Hope of the Christian. Eleventh Edition. Crown 8vo, cloth, very neat, 4_s._ 6_d._

=Brewster's Martyrs of Science=: Galileo, Tycho Brahe, Kepler. Crown 8vo, cloth, very neat, 4_s._ 6_d._

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*** _This was the great philosopher's last contribution to
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=Bright's (Rt. Hon. J., M.P.) Speeches= on Public Affairs of the last Twenty Years. Collated with the best Public Reports. Royal 16mo, 370 pages, cloth extra, 1_s._

*** _A book of special interest at the present time, and
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COLMAN'S HUMOROUS WORKS.

=Broad Grins.= My Nightgown and Slippers, and other Humorous Works, Prose and Poetical, of GEORGE COLMAN the Younger. Now first collected, with Life and Anecdotes of the Author, by GEORGE B. BUCKSTONE. Crown 8vo, 500 pp., 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _Admirers of genuine English wit and humour will be delighted
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ability could, at the present day, make the fortune of any one of
our so-called "comic journals," and bankrupt the rest._

NEW BOOK FOR BOYS.

=The Conquest of the Sea=: A History of Divers and Diving, from the Earliest Times to the Present Day. By HENRY SIEBE. Profusely Illustrated with fine Wood Engravings. Small crown 8vo, cloth extra, 4_s._ 6_d._

UNIFORM WITH THE 2_s._ EDITION OF HIS WORKS.

=Carlyle (T.) on the Choice of Books.= With a New Life and Anecdotes of the Author. Brown cloth, 1_s._ 6_d._; paper cover, 1_s._

=Chips from a Rough Log.= Fcap. 8vo, illustrated cover, 1_s._

=Christmas Songs and Ballads.= Selected and Edited by JOSHUA SYLVESTER. A New Edition, beautifully printed and bound in cloth, extra gilt, gilt edges, 3_s._ 6_d._

=Clerical Anecdotes and Pulpit Eccentricities.= An entirely New Gathering. Square 16mo, in illustrated paper wrapper, 1_s._ 4_d._; or cloth neat, 1_s._ 10_d._

=The Country of the Dwarfs.= By PAUL DU CHAILLU. A Book of Startling Interest. Fcap. 8vo, illustrated with full-page Engravings, in fancy wrapper, 1_s._

=Cruikshank's Comic Almanack.= FIRST SERIES, 1835-43. A Gathering of the BEST HUMOUR, the WITTIEST SAYINGS, the Drollest Quips, and the Best Things of THACKERAY, HOOD, MAYHEW, ALBERT SMITH, A'BECKETT, ROBERT BROUGH, &c. With about One Thousand Woodcuts and Steel Engravings by the inimitable CRUIKSHANK, HINE, LANDELLS, &c. Crown 8vo, cloth gilt, a very thick volume, price 7_s._ 6_d._

=Cruikshank's Comic Almanack.= SECOND SERIES, 1844-53, Completing the work. Uniform with the FIRST SERIES, and written and illustrated by the same humorists. Crown 8vo, cloth gilt, a very thick volume, price 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _The two volumes (each sold separately) form a most
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twenty years._

THE BEST GUIDE TO HERALDRY.

=Cussans' Handbook of Heraldry=; with Instructions for Tracing Pedigrees and Deciphering Ancient MSS.; also, Rules for the Appointment of Liveries, &c., &c. By JOHN E. CUSSANS. Illustrated with 360 Plates and Woodcuts. Cr. 8vo, cloth extra, gilt and emblazoned, 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _This volume, beautifully printed on toned paper, contains
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science of Armory, but several other subjects hitherto unnoticed.
Amongst these may be mentioned_:--1. DIRECTIONS FOR TRACING
PEDIGREES. 2. DECIPHERING ANCIENT MSS., ILLUSTRATED BY ALPHABETS
AND FACSIMILES. 3. THE APPOINTMENT OF LIVERIES. 4. CONTINENTAL
AND AMERICAN HERALDRY, &c.

VERY IMPORTANT COUNTY HISTORY.

=Cussans' History of Hertfordshire.= A County History, got up in a very superior manner, and ranging with the finest works of its class. Illustrated with full-page Plates on Copper and Stone, and a profusion of small Woodcuts. Parts I. to VI. are now ready, price 21_s._ each.

*** _An entirely new History of this important County, great
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"Anecdotes seem to have poured in upon the author from all
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THE "BEST EDITION" of the above Work, illustrated by Photographic Frontispiece of "Dickens as Captain Bobadil," Portraits, Facsimiles, &c. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 7_s._ 6_d._

THE "CHEAP EDITION," in 16mo, paper wrapper, with Frontispiece and Vignette, 2_s._

UNIFORM WITH THE "CHARLES DICKENS EDITION."

=Dickens' Speeches=, Social and Literary, now first collected. Uniform with, and forming a Supplementary Volume to, the "CHARLES DICKENS EDITION." Crown 8vo, crimson cloth, 3_s._ 6_d._

"His speeches are as good as any of his printed writings."--_The
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BALZAC'S CONTES DROLATIQUES.

=Droll Stories, collected from the Abbeys of Touraine.= NOW FIRST TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH, COMPLETE AND UNABRIDGED, with the whole 425 Marvellous, Extravagant, and Fantastic Illustrations (the finest he has ever done) by GUSTAVE DORÉ. Beautifully printed, in 8vo, cloth extra, gilt, gilt top, 12_s._ 6_d._

*** _The most singular designs ever attempted by any artist. So
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adorned with thirty-three Illustrations._

A few copies of the FRENCH ORIGINAL are still on sale, bound half-Roxburghe, gilt top--a very handsome book--price 12_s._ 6_d._

=The Danbury Newsman.= A Brief but Comprehensive Record of the Doings of a Remarkable People, under more Remarkable Circumstances, and Chronicled in a most Remarkable Manner. By JAMES M. BAILEY. Uniform with Twain's "Screamers." Fcap. 8vo, illustrated cover, 1_s._

"A real American humorist."--_Figaro._

=The Derby Day.= A Sporting Novel of intense interest, by a well-known writer. Fcap. 8vo, illustrated cover, 1_s._

=Disraeli's (Rt. Hon. B.) Speeches= on the Conservative Policy of the last Thirty Years, including the Speech at the Literary Fund Dinner, specially revised by the Author. Royal 16mo, paper cover, with Portrait, 1_s._ 4_d._; in cloth, 1_s._ 10_d._

=D'Urfey's ("Tom") Wit and Mirth;= or, PILLS TO PURGE MELANCHOLY: Being a Collection of the best Merry Ballads and Songs, Old and New. Fitted to all Humours, having each their proper Tune for either Voice or Instrument: most of the Songs being new set. London: Printed by W. Pearson, for J. Tonson, at Shakespeare's Head, over-against Catherine Street in the Strand, 1719.

An exact and beautiful reprint of this much-prized work, with the Music to the Songs, just as in the rare original. In 6 vols., large fcap. 8vo, antique boards, edges uncut, beautifully printed on laid paper, made expressly for the work, price £3 3_s._; or LARGE PAPER COPIES (a limited number only printed), price £5 5_s._

*** The PILLS TO PURGE MELANCHOLY _have now retained their
celebrity for a century and a half. The difficulty of obtaining
a copy has of late years raised sets to a fabulous price, and
has made even odd volumes costly. Considering the classical
reputation which the book has thus obtained, and its very
high interest as illustrative of the manners, customs, and
amusements of English life during the half century following the
Restoration, no apology is needed for placing such a work more
within the reach of general readers and students by re-issuing it
for the first time since its original appearance, and at about
a tithe of the price for which the old edition could now be
obtained._

_For drinking-songs and love-songs, sprightly ballads, merry
stories, and political squibs, there are none to surpass these in
the language. In improvising such pieces, and in singing them_,
D'URFEY _was perhaps never equalled, except in our own century
by_ THEODORE HOOK. _The sallies of his wit amused and delighted
three successive English sovereigns; and while his plays are
forgotten, his songs and ballads still retain the light_ abandon
_and joyous freshness that recommended them to the wits and beaux
of Queen Anne's days. Nor can the warm and affectionate eulogy of
Steele and Addison be forgotten, and_ D'URFEY _may now take his
place on the bookshelves of the curious, side by side with the
other worthies of his age._

=The Earthward Pilgrimage=, from the Next World to that which now is. By MONCURE D. CONWAY. Crown 8vo, beautifully printed and bound, 7_s._ 6_d._

=Edgar Allan Poe's Prose and Poetical Works=; including Additional Tales and the fine Essays by this great Genius, now FIRST PUBLISHED IN THIS COUNTRY. With a Translation of CHARLES BAUDELAIRE'S "Essay on Poe." 750 pages, crown 8vo, with fine Portrait and Illustrations, cloth extra, 7_s._ 6_d._

=Mrs. Ellis's Mothers of Great Men.= A New Edition of this well-known Work, with numerous very beautiful Portraits. Crown 8vo, cloth gilt, over 500 pages, 7_s._ 6_d._

[_In preparation._

THE STANDARD WORK ON THE SUBJECT.

=Emanuel on Diamonds and Precious Stones=; Their History, Value, and Properties; with Simple Tests for ascertaining their Reality. By HARRY EMANUEL, F.R.G.S. With numerous Illustrations, Tinted and Plain. A New Edition, with the Prices brought down to the Present Time. Crown 8vo, full gilt, 6_s._

"Will be acceptable to many readers."--_Times._

"An invaluable work for buyers and sellers."--_Spectator._

*** _The present, which is greatly superior to the first edition,
gives the latest market value for Diamonds and Precious Stones of
every size._

=The Englishman's House=, from a Cottage to a Mansion. A Practical Guide to Members of Building Societies, and all interested in Selecting or Building a House. By C. J. RICHARDSON, Architect, Author of "Old English Mansions," &c. Second Edition, Corrected and Enlarged, with nearly 600 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, 550 pages, cloth, 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _This Work might not inappropriately be termed "A Book of
Houses." It gives every variety of house, from a workman's
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=Our English Surnames=: Their Sources and Significations. By CHARLES WAREING BARDSLEY, M.A. Crown 8vo, about 600 pages, cloth extra, 9_s._

INDISPENSABLE TO EVERY HOUSEHOLD.

=Everybody Answered.= A Handy Book for All; and a Guide to the Housewife, the Servant, the Cook, the Tradesman, the Workman, the Professional Man, the Clerk, &c., &c., in the Duties belonging to their respective Callings. One thick volume, crown 8vo, cloth gilt, 4_s._ 6_d._

[_In preparation._

=Family Fairy Tales=; or, Glimpses of Elfland at Heatherstone Hall. Edited by CHOLMONDELEY PENNELL, Author of "Puck on Pegasus," &c. Adorned with beautiful Pictures of "My Lord Lion," "King Uggermugger," and other Great Folks, by M. ELLEN EDWARDS, and other artists. Handsomely printed on toned paper, in cloth, green and gold, price 4_s._ 6_d._ plain, 5_s._ 6_d._ coloured.

=Faraday's Chemical History of a Candle.= Lectures delivered to a Juvenile Audience. A New Edition of this well-known volume, which has been so long out of print, Edited by W. CROOKES, Esq., F.C.S., &c. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, with all the Original Illustrations, price 4_s._ 6_d._

=Faraday's Various Forces of Nature.= A New Edition, with all the Original Illustrations, Edited by W. CROOKES, Esq., F.C.S., &c. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 4_s._ 6_d._

FLAGELLATION AND THE FLAGELLANTS.

=A History of the Rod= in all Countries, from the Earliest Period to the Present Time. The use of the Rod in the Church, Convent, Monastery, Prison, Army, Navy, in public and private; the use of the Birch in the Family, Ladies' Seminaries, Boys' Schools, Colleges, the Boudoir, Ancient and Modern. By the Rev. W. COOPER, B.A. Second Edition, revised and corrected, with numerous Illustrations. Thick crown 8vo, cloth extra gilt, 12_s._ 6_d._

"A remarkable, and certainly a very readable volume."--_Daily
Telegraph._

=The Fiend's Delight=: A "Cold Collation" of Atrocities. By DOD GRILE. New Edition, in illustrated wrapper, fcap. 8vo, 1_s._; or crown 8vo, cloth extra, 3_s._ 6_d._

"A specimen of 'American Humour' as unlike that of all other
American humourists, as the play of young human Merry-Andrews is
unlike that of a young and energetic demon whose horns are well
budded."--_New York Nation._

=The Finish to Life in and out of London=; or, The Final Adventures of Tom, Jerry, and Logic. By PIERCE EGAN. Royal 8vo, cloth extra, with Spirited Coloured Illustrations by CRUIKSHANK, 21_s._

*** _An extraordinary picture of_ "LONDON BY NIGHT" _in the
Days of George the Fourth. All the strange places of amusement
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described, and very queer places they were too!_

WALK UP! WALK UP! AND SEE THE

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=PEEP-SHOW OF PROFESSOR WOLLEY COBBLE=,

Raree Showman these Five-and-Twenty Years.

Crown 4to, with nearly 200 immensely funny Pictures, all beautifully coloured, bound in extra cloth gilt, price 7_s._ 6_d._

A SECOND SERIES IS NOW READY, CALLED

=Further Adventures in Fools' Paradise=,

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A COMPANION TO ALL FRENCH DICTIONARIES.

=French Slang=; or Eccentricities of the French Language.

A DICTIONARY OF

=PARISIAN ARGOT=, including all recent expressions, whether of the Street, the Theatre, or the Prison. Handsomely bound in half-Roxburghe, illustrated with 30 large Wood Engravings. Price 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _This book is indispensable to all readers of modern French
literature. It is, besides, amusing in itself, and may be taken
up to while away an idle half-hour. It does for French what our
"Slang Dictionary" does for English._

=Fun for the Million=: A Gathering of Choice Wit and Humour, Good Things, and Sublime Nonsense, by DICKENS, JERROLD, SAM SLICK, CHAS. H. ROSS, HOOD, THEODORE HOOK, MARK TWAIN, BROUGH, COLMAN, TITUS A. BRICK, and a Host of other Humourists. With Pictures by MATT MORGAN, GILBERT, NAST, THOMPSON, CRUIKSHANK, Jun., BRUNTON, &c. In fcap. 4to, profusely illustrated, with picture wrapper, 1_s._

=The Genial Showman=; or, Show Life in the New World. Adventures with Artemus Ward, and the Story of his Life. By E. P. HINGSTON. Third Edition. Crown 8vo, Illustrated by BRUNTON, cloth extra, 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _This is a most interesting work. It gives Sketches of
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of California, in Salt Lake City, and across the Rocky Mountains;
with chapters descriptive of Artemus Ward's visit to England._

RUSKIN AND CRUIKSHANK.

=German Popular Stories.= Collected by the Brothers GRIMM, and Translated by EDGAR TAYLOR. Edited by JOHN RUSKIN. With 22 Illustrations after the inimitable designs of GEORGE CRUIKSHANK. Both Series complete. Square crown 8vo, 6_s._ 6_d._; gilt leaves, 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _These are the designs which Mr. Ruskin has praised so
highly, placing them far above all Cruikshank's other works of
a similar character. So rare had the original book (published
in 1823-1826) become, that £5 to £6 per copy was an ordinary
price. By the consent of Mr. Taylor's family a New Edition is now
issued, under the care and superintendence of the printers who
issued the originals forty years ago. A few copies for sale on
Large Paper, price 21s._

=Gesta Romanorum=; or, Entertaining Stories, invented by the Monks as a Fireside Recreation, and commonly applied in their Discourses from the Pulpit. A New Edition, with Introduction by THOMAS WRIGHT, Esq., M.A., F.S.A. Two vols. large fcap. 8vo, only 250 copies printed, on fine ribbed paper, 18_s._; or, LARGE PAPER EDITION (only a few copies printed), 30_s._

=Gladstone's (Rt. Hon. W. E.) Speeches= on Great Questions of the Day during the last Thirty Years. Collated with the best public reports. Royal 16mo, paper cover, 1_s._ 4_d._; cloth extra, 1_s._ 10_d._

=Golden Treasury of Thought.= The Best Encyclopædia of Quotations and Elegant Extracts, from Writers of all Times and all Countries, ever formed. Selected and Edited by THEODORE TAYLOR, Author of "Thackeray, the Humourist and Man of Letters," "Story of Charles Dickens' Life." Crown 8vo, very handsomely bound, cloth gilt, and gilt edges, 7_s._ 6_d._

*** _An attempt to put into the hands of the reader and student a
more varied and complete collection of the best thoughts of the
best authors than had before been made. It is not everybody who
can get the original works from which the extracts are taken,
while a book, such as this is within the reach of all, and cannot
be opened without finding something worth reading, and in most
cases worth remembering._

=Grose's Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue.= 1785. A genuine unmutilated Reprint of the First Edition. Quarto, bound in half-Roxburghe, gilt top, price 8_s._

*** _Only a small number of copies of this very vulgar, but very
curious, book have been printed, for the Collectors of "Street
Words" and Colloquialisms._

=Hall's (Mrs. S. C.) Sketches of Irish Character.= With numerous Illustrations on Steel and Wood, by DANIEL MACLISE, R.A., Sir JOHN GILBERT, W. HARVEY, and G. CRUIKSHANK. 8vo, pp. 450, cloth extra, 7_s._ 6_d._

"The Irish sketches of this lady resemble Miss Mitford's
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far more vigorous and picturesque and bright."--_Blackwood's
Magazine._

COMPANION TO "THE SECRET OUT."

=Hanky-Panky.= A New and Wonderful Book of Very Easy Tricks, Very Difficult Tricks, White Magic, Sleight of Hand; in fact, all those startling Deceptions which the Great Wizards call "Hanky-Panky." Edited by W. H. CREMER, of Regent Street. With nearly 200 Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, price 4_s._ 6_d._

=Hans Breitmann's Ballads.= By J. G. LELAND. The Complete Work, from the Author's revised Edition. Royal 16mo, paper cover, 1_s._; in cloth, 1_s._ 6_d._

=Hatton's (Jos.) Kites and Pigeons.= A most amusing Novelette. With Illustrations by LINLEY SAMBOURNE, of "Punch." Fcap. 8vo, illustrated wrapper, 1_s._

=Hawthorne's English and American Note Books.= Edited, with an Introduction, by MONCURE D. CONWAY. Royal 16mo, paper cover, 1_s._; in cloth, 1_s._ 6_d._

=Holidays with Hobgoblins=, and Talk of Strange Things. By DUDLEY COSTELLO. Fcap. 8vo, illustrated boards, with Picture by GEORGE CRUIKSHANK. 2_s._

OLIVER WENDELL HOLMES' WORKS.

=Holmes' Autocrat of the Breakfast Table.= An entirely New Edition of this Favourite Work. Royal 16mo, paper cover, 1_s._; in cloth, neat, 1_s._ 6_d._

=Holmes' Poet at the Breakfast Table.= From January to June. Paper cover, 1_s._

=Holmes' Professor at the Breakfast Table.= A Companion Volume to the "Autocrat of the Breakfast Table." Royal 16mo, paper cover, 1_s._; cloth neat, 1_s._ 6_d._

=Holmes' Wit and Humour.= Delightful Verses, in the style of the elder Hood. Fcap. 8vo, illustrated wrapper, 1_s._

THE MOST COMPLETE HOGARTH EVER PUBLISHED

=Hogarth's Works=; with Life and Anecdotal Descriptions of the Pictures, by JOHN IRELAND and JOHN NICHOLS. The Work includes 150 Engravings, reduced in exact facsimile of the Original Plates, specimens of which have now become very scarce. The whole in Three Series, 8vo, cloth, gilt, 22_s._ 6_d._ Each series is, however, Complete in itself, and is sold separately at 7_s._ 6_d._

=Hogarth's Five Days' Frolic=; or, Peregrinations by Land and Water. Illustrated with Tinted Drawings, made by HOGARTH and SCOTT during the Journey. 4to, beautifully printed, cloth, extra gilt, 10_s._ 6_d._

*** _A graphic and most extraordinary picture of the hearty
English times in which these merry artists lived._

=Hood's Whims and Oddities.= The Entire Work. Now issued Complete, the Two Parts in One Volume, with all the Humorous Designs. Royal 16mo, paper cover, 1_s._; cloth neat, 1_s._ 6_d._

=Hunt's (Leigh) Tale for a Chimney Corner=, and other charming Essays. With Introduction by EDMUND OLLIER, and Portrait supplied by the late THORNTON HUNT. Royal 16mo, paper cover, 1_s._ 4_d._; cloth neat, 1_s._ 10_d._

=Hunt's (Robert, F.R.S.) Drolls of Old Cornwall=; or, POPULAR ROMANCES OF THE WEST OF ENGLAND. New Edition, Complete in One Volume, with Illustrations by GEORGE CRUIKSHANK. Crown 8vo, extra cloth gilt, 7_s._ 6_d._

*** "Mr. Hunt's charming book on the Drolls and Stories of the
West of England."--_Saturday Review._

=Jennings' (Hargrave) One of the Thirty.= With curious Illustrations. Crown 8vo, cloth extra, 10_s._ 6_d._

*** _An extraordinary narrative, tracing down one of the accursed
pieces of silver for which Jesus of Nazareth was sold. Through
eighteen centuries is this fated coin tracked, now in the
possession of the innocent, now in the grasp of the guilty, but
everywhere carrying with it the evil that fell upon Judas._