Chapter V: Part 5

The reserve battalion was engaged for ten or twelve days and nights in guarding the towns of Argostoli and Lixuri, during which period the sentries and guards were repeatedly fired upon and otherwise annoyed by the insurgents. A party under Ensign Bernard Robert Shaw succeeded in capturing Cappoletto, one of the principal rebels, for whose arrest a reward of fifteen hundred dollars had been offered. Detachments of fifty men, each under Captain Alexander McGeachy Alleyne and Ensign George Massy Robins, and Lieutenant Cecil Rivers and Ensign John Edmund Harvey, were sent to the southern part of the island to scour the district of Scala.

[Sidenote: 1849.]

Two companies of the first battalion, consisting of one captain, four subalterns, six serjeants, two drummers, and one hundred and fifty rank and file, under the command of Major Edward R. King, proceeded to Cephalonia on the 30th of August 1849, for the purpose of suppressing an insurrection in that island, and returned to Corfu on the 17th of November following.

Two companies of the reserve battalion, under Captain Charles Wilson Carden, were, in February, employed in aid of the civil power at St. Gerasimo for the purpose of enforcing payment of the fines inflicted on the villages concerned in the insurrection of the 26th of September of the previous year; this party returned to head-quarters on the 26th of February. A company under Captain James Nugent likewise proceeded to St. Gerasimo in May 1849 in aid of the civil power, and to assist in pursuit of banditti; it rejoined the head-quarters in August. A company under Captain John Pratt proceeded in May to Scala in aid of the civil power, and to assist in enforcing the embargo, and rejoined the head-quarters on the 22d of June.

A company of the reserve battalion under Captain Henry J. Coote was detached to Sissi on the 29th of August in aid of the civil power, and was subsequently employed in very arduous services under the proclamation of martial law, which lasted from the 31st of August, to the 27th of October 1849, and in suppressing the outbreak in Cephalonia. Privates Taylor and Green of this company were wounded in a skirmish with the insurgents. A company under Lieutenant Rickard Lloyd proceeded in September to Sissi to reinforce the detachment under Captain Coote, and after serving in conjunction therewith, returned to head-quarters with it on the 15th of October. One company under Captain Nugent proceeded to Faraclata on the 16th of September, and assisted in the pursuit of the outlawed rebels; a portion of this detachment, under Ensign Alfred Macdonald, was employed as a flying column, and scoured the country in chase of the three outlawed rebel chiefs for twenty-three days, during the whole of which time it was subjected to the most fatiguing marches and labour. The reserve battalion during the period of martial law from the 31st of August to the 27th of October 1849, which was administered by Lieut.-Colonel Trollope, was frequently employed in pursuit of rebels (parties, varying from forty to a hundred, being despatched into the country for this purpose) in disarming turbulent and refractory villages, and in guarding the town of Argostoli, the men having very seldom more than one night in bed.

[Sidenote: 1850.]

In April 1850 it was directed that the regiment should be reduced to a thousand rank and file; the reserve battalion at Cephalonia was in consequence broken up, and consolidated with the first battalion at Corfu, where the regiment was stationed during this year.

[Sidenote: 1851.]

In March 1851, four companies embarked at Cephalonia for England for the purpose of forming the depôt, which was afterwards stationed at the Isle of Wight, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Trollope.

The service companies, under the command of Lieut.-Colonel Ashmore, embarked at Corfu for the West Indies on the 21st of March 1851 in the freight ship “Java,” and arrived at Barbadoes on the 16th of May following, where they were stationed during the remainder of the year.

Major-General the Lord Frederick FitzClarence, G.C.H., was appointed Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on the 23d of July 1851, in succession to General Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, Bart., deceased.

[Sidenote: 1852.]

In May 1852 the service companies were removed from Barbadoes to Trinidad.

The depôt companies proceeded in April 1852 from Parkhurst to Fort Pembroke Dock.

On the 31st of December 1852, the date to which this record has been brought, the service companies continued to be stationed at Trinidad, and the depôt companies at Fort Pembroke Dock.

1852.

NOTE.--_The Compiler of the Regimental Records feels it his duty to acknowledge the assistance which he has received in the completion of the History of the_ THIRTY-SIXTH, _and certain other Regiments, from Mr. Thomas Carter, of the Adjutant-General’s Office, who, by much labour and research, has endeavoured to supply the deficiencies in the manuscript narratives transmitted by Regiments, particularly in the details of their earlier services_.

For Cannon’s Military Records.]

FOOTNOTES:

[6] This account is different from the version given by some historians; but there can be no doubt as to its accuracy, for it is founded on the Report of the Council of General Officers that was subsequently assembled to investigate the complaint preferred by Lord Charlemont, upon his being afterwards removed by the Earl of Peterborough. This document is inserted in the memoir of Lord Charlemont, at page 109.

[7] While the war was being carried on between Great Britain and Spain, Charles VI., Emperor of Germany, died on the 20th of October 1740, and a contest arose in consequence of the succession of the Archduchess Maria Theresa to his hereditary dominions being disputed by the Electors of Bavaria and Saxony, and also by the Kings of Prussia and Spain. The King of France, Louis XV., supported the Elector of Bavaria, while King George II. supported the claims of the Archduchess Maria Theresa. On the 27th of June 1743, King George II. gained a victory over the French army at _Dettingen_, and in the following year, Great Britain and France, no longer acting as auxiliaries, became principals in the contest, which is designated the “_War of the Austrian Succession_.”

[8] The “_Pragmatic Sanction_” was published by the Emperor of Germany, Charles VI., on the 17th of April 1713, whereby in case of his having no male issue, his daughters were to succeed to his hereditary dominions, in preference to the sons of his late brother, Joseph I.

[9] List of regiments at the battle of Falkirk:--_Dragoons_,--Tenth, Thirteenth, and Fourteenth regiments. _Infantry_,--First Royals (one battalion), Third, Fourth, Eighth, Thirteenth, Fourteenth, Twenty-seventh, Thirty-fourth, THIRTY-SIXTH, Thirty-seventh, Forty-eighth, and Battereau’s, since disbanded. The Glasgow and Paisley Militia with the Argyle Highlanders, were in reserve.

[10]

2nd Batt. Constituted.
3d Foot, the 61st regiment.
4th ” the 62d regiment.
8th ” the 63d regiment.
11th ” the 64th regiment.
12th ” the 65th regiment.
19th ” the 66th regiment.
20th ” the 67th regiment.
23d ” the 68th regiment.
24th ” the 69th regiment.
31st ” the 70th regiment.
32d ” the 71st regiment.
33d ” the 72d regiment.
34th ” the 73d regiment.
36th ” the 74th regiment.
37th ” the 75th regiment.

The 71st, 72d, 73d, 74th, and 75th regiments were disbanded after the peace of Fontainebleau in 1763.

[11] In allusion to the above expression “_firmness_,” it has been supposed that the word “FIRM” was adopted by the regiment; this supposition, however, does not agree with the statement of Lieut.-Colonel Burne (see pages 129, &c.), by which it would appear, that the THIRTY-SIXTH had borne this distinction for many years prior to the capture of Bangalore. In 1817, the regiment was permitted to revive the word “FIRM,” under the authority contained in the letter inserted at page 94, from Sir George Nayler, the inspector of regimental colours.

[12] Narrative of the Campaign in India in 1792, by Major Dirom, Deputy Adjutant-General of His Majesty’s forces in India.

[13] While the attack was being carried on in the redoubt on the 6th of February, one of the enemy’s corps advanced with drums beating and colours flying, the commanding officer of which supposed the British to be their own Europeans, whose uniform was also red; upon discovering his mistake, he soon made off, and Lieutenant John Campbell, of the THIRTY-SIXTH grenadiers, who had come out of the redoubt wounded, on seeing the corps break, rushed forward and seized the standards.--_Major Dirom’s Narrative of the Campaign._

[14] In 1794, Tippoo received back his sons, and immediately commenced secret negociations with the French, who were then at war with Great Britain, in order to renew measures for “utterly destroying the English in India.” This animosity ended only with the death of the Sultan, which took place on the 4th of May 1799, while defending Seringapatam against his former opponents. His body was found amidst heaps of slain, and was interred in the mausoleum which he had erected over the tomb of his father, Hyder Ali, a portion of the victorious troops attending the ceremony.

[15] On the 16th of October 1835, His Majesty King William IV. was graciously pleased to authorize the THIRTY-SIXTH to bear on the regimental colour and appointments the word “HINDOOSTAN,” in commemoration of its distinguished services in the several actions in which it had been engaged in India from September 1790 to September 1793.

[16] In June 1806, _Buenos Ayres_ had been captured by the British under Brigadier-General William Carr Beresford, afterwards General Viscount Beresford; the place was, however, recovered by the Spaniards in August following, and the troops became prisoners; in consequence of these events Lieut.-General Whitelocke proceeded in command of an expedition for the purpose of re-capturing _Buenos Ayres_, and the THIRTY-SIXTH became part of his force, as above stated.

[17] Lieut.-General Sir Harry Burrard landed during the action, but did not assume the command. Lieut-General Sir Hew Dalrymple landed on the following day, and took command of the army. The force under Lieut.-General Sir John Moore was also disembarked during the negotiation which subsequently took place, making the British army to amount to thirty-two thousand men.

[18] Vide General Orders of the 18th of January, and 1st of February, 1809; also a list of regiments employed under Lieut.-General Sir John Moore at Corunna, inserted in pages 124 &c. of the _Appendix_.

[19] The origin of the word “FIRM” being borne by the THIRTY-SIXTH has not been ascertained with certainty; but it has been supposed that it was adopted in consequence of the expression _firmness_ used in the orders of General the Earl Cornwallis the day after the capture of the important fortress of Bangalore, the details of which are given at page 53; the documents alluded to by Sir George Nayler in the above letter, and on which the regiment was permitted to revive the word “FIRM,” are inserted in the Appendix, pages 129, &c.; by these it will be perceived that the word “FIRM” must have been adopted by the regiment several years before the capture of _Bangalore_, which was effected in March 1791.

SUCCESSION OF COLONELS

OF

THE THIRTY-SIXTH,

OR THE

HEREFORDSHIRE REGIMENT OF FOOT.

WILLIAM VISCOUNT CHARLEMONT.

_Appointed 28th June 1701._

WILLIAM CAULFEILD, the second Viscount Charlemont, for his services in the cause of King William III., was rewarded by a regiment of infantry. His Majesty also made him Governor and Custos Rotulorum of the counties of Tyrone and Armagh, and Governor of the fort of Charlemont. Several regiments of infantry being ordered to be disbanded in 1697, and his Lordship’s regiment being one of them, His Majesty, in consideration of his faithful services, directed the sum of eight shillings per day to be paid him as half-pay, and on the 28th of June 1701, His Majesty again appointed him to the command of a newly raised corps, which is now the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment. On the 25th of August 1704, his Lordship was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General, and in the following year was called upon to serve in Spain under Charles, Earl of Peterborough. Lord Charlemont rendered important services at the siege of Barcelona; and at the attack of Fort Montjuich on the 14th of September 1705, his Lordship marched into the works, at the head of his men, and was near the Prince of Hesse Darmstadt when he received the wound which terminated mortally. After the action Lord Charlemont, and Lieut.-Colonel Southwell of the Sixth foot, were presented to the King of Spain as officers that had performed signal service on that occasion, for which they received the thanks of that Sovereign. The taking of this fort paved the way for reducing Barcelona, which surrendered on the 9th of October 1705. His Lordship was subsequently removed from the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment, by the Earl of Peterborough, and, in justice to his character and feelings, preferred a complaint to Her Majesty Queen Anne against his former Commander; this was referred to a Council of General Officers, who, after several meetings, at which witnesses were heard on both sides, made two satisfactory reports to Her Majesty, copies of which are inserted at the end of this memoir. On the 1st of January 1707 Queen Anne advanced him to the rank of Major-General, and he was honoured with the confidence of Her Majesty, as had been the case with King William III., both as a Peer, and in his military capacity. In May 1709, his Lordship was one of the committee appointed to draw up an address of condolence to Her Majesty on the decease of Her Royal Consort Prince George of Denmark, and also to congratulate the Queen on the success of her arms.

In May 1726, his Lordship was sworn of the Privy Council to King George I., and after having enjoyed the peerage upwards of fifty-five years, and being reputed the oldest nobleman in the Kingdom, he died on the 21st of July 1726, and was buried at Armagh.

The following are copies of the Reports of the General Officers concerning the difference between the Earl of Peterborough and Viscount Charlemont, alluded to in the foregoing Memoir.

“May it please your Majesty,

“We, the General Officers of the Army, in obedience to your
Majesty’s commands, have examined into the Memorial of the Lord
Viscount Charlemont, complaining of hardships received from the
Earl of Peterborough, in Spain, in relation to his regiment, from
which he alleged he had been removed upon a pretended order from
your Majesty; and having fully heard what their Lordships had
severally to offer therewith with witnesses, and other testimony,
as were produced on both sides, on due debate and consideration
of the whole, we are humbly of opinion,--

“That it appears to this Board, that a pretended Order from the
Queen was made use of, to induce the Lord Charlemont to part
with his regiment; and that there have been indirect means used
for the doing it.

“That it likewise appears to the Board, that the Earl of
Peterborough has not done anything irregular to compel the Lord
Charlemont to part with his regiment. All which is most humbly
submitted to your Majesty this 12th day of February 1707-8.

“(Signed) SCHOMBERG, President.

William Stewart.
Portmore.
Richard Ingoldsby.
Charles Ross.
William Seymour.
Argyle.
Shannon.
Francis Palmes.
Mohun.
Stairs.
Richard Temple.
Thomas Pulteney.
Barthol. Ogilvy.
Thom. Crowther.
Kellum.
Tatton.”

“May it please your Majesty,

“In obedience to your Majesty’s command, referring to the General
Officers of the Army a Petition of the Lord Viscount Charlemont,
praying his conduct at the Fort of _Montjuich_ may be examined
into, as to which he lay under some reflections; the General
Officers have met, and heard several witnesses produced on that
occasion; and do thereupon humbly report to your Majesty, that
they find as followeth:--

“That the Lord Charlemont was at the attack of the Fort of
_Montjuich_, and marched into the works at the head of his
men, and was near the Prince of Hesse when he was killed; and
continued doing his duty during the heat of the action.

“That toward the end of the said action, a panic fear took the
troops, to which the Lord Charlemont no way contributed; but the
contrary, his Lordship having endeavoured, both by himself and
other Officers, to put a stop to the disorder.

“That when the action was over, after the Lord Charlemont had
been first relieved by Brigadier Gorges, the Earl of Peterborough
took his Lordship and Colonel Southwell, and presented them
to the King of Spain, as Officers that had done His Majesty
signal service in that action; for which they both received His
Majesty’s thanks.

“That by the disposition of the attack of the breach of the
town of _Barcelona_, as the same is attested by the Earl of
Peterborough’s secretary, the Lord Charlemont was commanded, with
the First brigade, for that attack.

“The General Officers do also take leave to observe to your
Majesty, that it does not appear to them, that any General
Officer refused rolling with the Lord Charlemont; but that they
did their duty with him as before. Which is most humbly submitted
to your Majesty, this 24th of March 1707-8.

“(Signed) TYRAWLEY, President.
Richard Ingoldsby.
Thomas Farrington.
Robert Ecklin.
Stairs.
Richard Temple.
Sherrington Davenport.
Bartholomew Ogilvy.”

THOMAS ALNUTT.

_Appointed 10th May 1706._

Upon Viscount Charlemont’s raising the corps which is now numbered the THIRTY-SIXTH, this officer was appointed to a company in the regiment; and he embarked with it in the expedition against Cadiz in 1702. Captain Alnutt subsequently proceeded with the regiment to the West Indies; and in 1704 returned with it to Ireland. His services are also connected with the expedition to Spain under the Earl of Peterborough in 1705, the siege of Barcelona in the same year, and its gallant and successful defence against King Philip in 1706. Lieut.-Colonel Alnutt, to which rank he had been advanced at this period, was appointed Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on the 10th of May 1706, in succession to the Viscount Charlemont. At the Battle of Almanza on the 25th of April 1707, Colonel Alnutt was wounded and taken prisoner. His decease occurred on the 7th of May 1708.

ARCHIBALD, EARL OF ILAY, afterwards DUKE OF ARGYLE.

_Appointed 23d March 1709._

ARCHIBALD, third Duke of Argyle, was born at Ham, in Surrey, in June 1682, and resided in England until he was about seventeen years of age, when he was sent to the University of Glasgow. From thence he went to Utrecht, and made considerable advancement in the study of civil law, intending to practise in that profession. Upon his father’s advancement to the Dukedom of Argyle on the 23d of June 1701, his son Archibald embraced a military life, and served under the Duke of Marlborough.

In 1705 he was constituted Lord High Treasurer of Scotland, and in the Parliament of that year, in which his brother John, who had succeeded his father as Duke of Argyle two years previously, presided as Lord High Commissioner, he sat and voted as such upon the Queen’s letter; he was nominated one of the Commissioners for the Treaty of Union in 1706, and on the 19th of October of that year was created by patent, dated at Kensington, Earl and Viscount of Ilay, Lord Oransay, Dunoon, and Arrase. This nobleman was one of the sixteen representatives of the Scottish peerage, chosen by Parliament on the 13th of February 1707, and was re-chosen at every general election until his decease, with the single exception of the last Parliament of Queen Anne’s reign.

The Earl of Ilay, upon his brother’s resignation, was, on the 1st of June 1708, sworn and admitted one of the extraordinary Lords of Session, being, says Fountainhall, “the best school of law for the nobility to learn that is in Europe.” On the 23d of March 1709 Her Majesty Queen Anne appointed the Earl of Ilay to be Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment. The governorship of Dumbarton Castle was also conferred upon his Lordship.

Finding that a statesman’s career was more congenial to his taste than the military profession, he quitted the army and resigned the colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment in 1710. With his accustomed assiduity his Lordship employed himself in the acquisition of political knowledge. In 1710 he was appointed Lord Justice General of Scotland, and was sworn a Privy Councillor in the following year. Upon the accession of George I. the Earl of Ilay was constituted Lord Clerk Register; and on the breaking out of the rebellion in 1715 he again betook himself to arms in defence of the reigning family. By his prudent conduct in the Western Highlands he prevented General Gordon at the head of three thousand men, from penetrating into the country and raising levies. He joined his brother the Duke of Argyle on the 13th of November 1715, half an hour before the battle of Sheriffmuir, where he was wounded.

In 1725 this nobleman received the office of Keeper of the Privy Seal, and in December 1733 his Lordship was appointed Keeper of the Great Seal. Upon the decease of his brother, in 1743, the Earl of Ilay became third Duke of Argyle, and Hereditary Justiciary of Argyleshire and the Western Islands. After the suppression of the rebellion in 1746, he carried into effect the judicious plan of employing the Highlanders in the Royal army, which had been suggested by the Right Honourable William Pitt, afterwards the Earl of Chatham.

The Duke of Argyle continued at the head of affairs in Scotland, in full possession of his mental faculties, until his death, which happened in London, without a moment’s pain, as he was sitting in his chair at dinner, on the 15th of April 1761, in the seventy-ninth year of his age. On this nobleman’s decease the title of Earl of Ilay became extinct; his other titles and estates in Scotland descended to his cousin, Lieut.-General John Campbell of Mamore, Colonel of the Second dragoons, or Scots Greys.

HENRY DESAULNAIS.

_Appointed 23d October 1710._

Upon the resignation of Colonel the Earl of Ilay, Lieut.-Colonel Henry Desaulnais (afterwards spelt Desney) was promoted from the Coldstream guards to the Colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on the 23d of October 1710. In the following year he served with his regiment in the expedition against Quebec, and on the 25th of December 1725 this officer was appointed Colonel of the Twenty-ninth regiment. He died on the 21st of November 1731.

WILLIAM EGERTON.

_Appointed 11th July 1715._

This officer served with reputation in the wars of King William III. and of Queen Anne. He was promoted to the rank of Colonel in November 1711, appointed Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on the 11th of July 1715, and on the 6th of July 1719 was removed to the Twentieth regiment, which corps he commanded until his decease on the 15th of July 1732.

SIR CHARLES HOTHAM, BART.

_Appointed 7th July 1719._

CHARLES HOTHAM, eldest son of the Reverend Charles Hotham, rector of Wigan, succeeded to the baronetcy on the decease of his uncle in 1691. He served with distinction in the wars of King William III., and also under the great Duke of Marlborough in the reign of Queen Anne. In 1705 he obtained the colonelcy of a regiment of infantry, with which he proceeded to Spain in 1706, and was in garrison at Alicant when the unfortunate battle of Almanza was fought. Sir Charles Hotham served with reputation during the remainder of the war; but his regiment, having suffered severely in the defence of several fortified towns, was disbanded in Catalonia in 1708. He was appointed Brigadier-General on the 1st of January 1710, and shortly after the accession of King George I. he was commissioned to raise a regiment of infantry, which, after the suppression of the rebellion of the Earl of Mar in 1716, was sent to Ireland, and disbanded in the following year. Sir Charles Hotham was afterwards appointed Colonel of a newly raised regiment of dragoons, which was disbanded in November 1718.

On the 7th of July 1719, the colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment was conferred on Sir Charles Hotham; he was removed to the Eighth or King’s regiment of foot in December 1720, and in April following to the Royal dragoons. His decease occurred on the 8th of January 1723.

JOHN POCOCK.

_Appointed 2d December 1720._

This officer obtained a commission in a regiment of infantry in June 1695; and having signalized himself in the wars of Queen Anne, he was promoted to the rank of Colonel in the army in 1707. In 1710, he succeeded William Lord Strathnaver in the colonelcy of a regiment of infantry, with which he served in Flanders under the celebrated Duke of Marlborough, and afterwards under the Duke of Ormond. At the peace of Utrecht his regiment was disbanded; and in 1715 he was commissioned to raise a regiment of foot for the service of King George I. After the suppression of the rebellion of the Earl of Mar, this regiment was sent to Ireland, where it was disbanded in 1718; and on the 2d of December 1720, he was appointed to the colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment, from which he was removed in April 1721 to the Eighth or King’s regiment. On the expectation that Great Britain would become involved in a continental war, in 1727, he was promoted to the rank of Brigadier-General. He died in April 1732, at his house in Leicester Fields, London.

CHARLES LENOE.

_Appointed 21st April 1721._

CHARLES LENOE entered the army in the reign of Queen Anne, his first commission bearing date the 4th of December 1704; he served under the Duke of Marlborough, and on the 21st of April 1721, Lieut.-Colonel Lenoe was promoted from the Coldstream guards to be Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment, from which he was removed to the Eighth or King’s regiment on the 8th of May 1732, the colonelcy of which he retained until his decease in December 1738.

JOHN MOYLE.

_Appointed 14th May 1732._

This officer entered the army in the reign of Queen Anne, and served with reputation under the celebrated John Duke of Marlborough; he rose to the lieut.-colonelcy of a newly raised regiment of infantry, and in 1708 was promoted to the rank of Colonel in the army. At the peace of Utrecht in 1713, his regiment was disbanded. Colonel Moyle was advanced to the rank of Brigadier-General on the 13th of March 1727. On the 14th of May 1732, King George II. conferred the colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on Brigadier-General Moyle, who was promoted to the rank of Major-General on the 5th of November 1735. In June 1737, he was removed to the Twenty-second regiment. Major-General Moyle died on the 3d of November 1738.

HUMPHREY BLAND.

_Appointed 27th June 1737._

HUMPHREY BLAND served in several campaigns on the continent under the famous John Duke of Marlborough, as a Lieutenant and Captain of horse. He afterwards served as Lieut.-Colonel in Spain, and on the 27th of July 1710 was wounded at the battle of Almanara. In 1715, when a number of new corps were raised, King George I. appointed him Lieut.-Colonel of the Eleventh dragoons, and he was instrumental with his regiment in suppressing the rebellion which broke out in Scotland towards the end of that year; he was afterwards appointed Lieut.-Colonel of the Second horse, now First Dragoon guards, and having distinguished himself as an efficient and loyal officer, he was on the 27th of June 1737, promoted to the colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment, from which he was removed, in 1741, to the Thirteenth dragoons, and two years afterwards to the Third or King’s Own dragoons. He had his horse shot under him at the battle of Dettingen on the 27th of June 1743; on the 30th of March 1745, he was promoted to the rank of Major-General; he displayed great gallantry at the battle of Fontenoy on the 11th of May following, and highly distinguished himself in the battle of Culloden on the 16th of April 1746; he was advanced to the rank of Lieut.-General on the 12th of September 1747. In July 1752 he was removed to the First Dragoon guards, the colonelcy of which regiment he retained until his decease in 1763.

JAMES FLEMING.

_Appointed 9th January 1741._

LIEUT.-COLONEL JAMES FLEMING was promoted from the Seventh Royal fusiliers to the colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on the 9th of January 1741. He was advanced to the rank of Brigadier-General in June 1745, and was present in the action at Falkirk on the 17th of January 1746, and also at the battle of Culloden on the 16th of April following. He was promoted to the rank of Major-General on the 2d of September 1747. He died in March 1751.

LORD ROBERT MANNERS.

_Appointed 13th March 1751._

LORD ROBERT MANNERS, son of John, second Duke of Rutland, choosing a military life, purchased an ensigncy in the Coldstream guards, on the 26th of July 1735; was appointed Lieutenant in May 1740, and Captain and Lieut.-Colonel in the First Foot guards on the 22nd of April 1742. In December 1747, he was promoted to the rank of Colonel and appointed Aide-de-camp to King George II.; on the 13th of March 1751 his Lordship was appointed by His Majesty to the colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment. The rank of Major-General was conferred upon Lord Robert Manners on the 7th of February 1757, and his Lordship was advanced to the rank of Lieutenant-General on the 7th of April 1759; in 1765 he was removed to the Third Dragoon guards, and was promoted to the rank of General on the 25th of May 1772. His decease occurred on the 31st of May 1782.

SIR RICHARD PIERSON, K.B.

_Appointed 11th September 1765._

RICHARD PIERSON was for many years an officer in the First Foot guards, in which regiment he was appointed Major, with the rank of Colonel in the army, on the 21st of July 1760. On the 10th of July 1762, he was promoted to the rank of Major-General, and on the 5th of September 1764 he was appointed Colonel of the Sixty-third regiment, from which he was removed on the 11th of September 1765 to the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment. In 1772 he was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General, and was also honoured with the dignity of a Knight of the Bath; and on the 27th of November 1778, Sir Richard Pierson was removed to the Thirteenth dragoons. He was taken suddenly ill on his return from the theatre on the night of the 12th of February 1781, and died before the following morning.

THE HONOURABLE HENRY ST. JOHN.

_Appointed 27th November 1778._

THE HONOURABLE HENRY ST. JOHN, brother of Viscount Bolingbroke, entered the army as Ensign in the Coldstream regiment of Foot guards, his commission being dated 31st of December 1754, from which he was promoted on the 12th of January 1758 to the rank of Captain in the Eighteenth, Royal Irish regiment, then stationed in Ireland. Captain the Honourable Henry St. John was advanced to the rank of Major in the Ninety-first regiment on the 12th of January 1760, in which he was promoted Lieut.-Colonel on the 13th of February 1762, and on the corps being disbanded at the Peace of 1763 he was placed on half pay. On the 9th of November 1767, Lieut.-Colonel the Honourable Henry St. John was appointed to the Sixty-seventh regiment then in garrison at Minorca. He received the brevet rank of Colonel on the 11th of January 1776, and was appointed by His Majesty King George III. to be Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment on the 27th of November 1778.

Colonel the Honourable Henry St. John was advanced to the rank of Major-General on the 19th of February 1779, to that of Lieut.-General on the 28th of September 1787, and to that of General on the 16th of January 1797. His decease occurred in April 1818, at which period he retained the colonelcy of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment, which he had held for upwards of thirty-nine years.

SIR GEORGE DON, G.C.B. AND G.C.H.

_Appointed 4th April 1818._

This officer entered the army in 1770, as Ensign in the Fifty-first foot; in 1784 he was promoted Major of the Fifty-ninth regiment, and in April 1789 was appointed Lieut.-Colonel of the same corps. He was advanced to the rank of Colonel in 1795, and was appointed Aide-de-camp to His Majesty King George III. in 1797.

In 1798 Colonel Don was promoted to the rank of Major-General; in the succeeding year he was appointed Colonel of the Seventh West India regiment (afterwards disbanded), and was removed to the Ninety-sixth regiment in 1805. He was also promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General, and proceeded with the expedition to Hanover in the same year. In 1814 he was promoted to the rank of General, and appointed Lieutenant-Governor of Gibraltar. On the 24th of January 1819, the Ninety-fifth (formerly Ninety-sixth) regiment was disbanded, previously to which he was, on the 4th of April 1818, removed therefrom to the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment. General Don was nominated a Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath on the 20th of May 1820, and on the 21st of December 1829 was appointed Colonel of the Third foot or the Buffs. He was appointed Governor of Scarborough Castle in 1831, and died at Gibraltar on the 1st of January 1832.

SIR ROGER HALE SHEAFFE, BART.

_Appointed 21st December 1829._

This officer commenced his military career as ensign in the Fifth fusiliers, his commission being dated 1st of May 1778, in which regiment he rose to the rank of lieutenant on the 27th of December 1780. Lieutenant Sheaffe served in Ireland from January 1781 to May 1787, and in Canada from July following to September 1797. In 1794 he was employed under the orders of Lord Dorchester, and with instructions from Lieut.-Governor Simcoe, on a public mission to protest against certain settlements made by the Americans on the south shore of Lake Ontario. On the 5th of May 1795, he was promoted to the rank of Captain in the Fifth fusiliers, and on the 13th of December 1797 was promoted Major in the Eighty-first regiment, and was advanced to the rank of Lieut.-Colonel of the Forty-ninth regiment on the 22d of March 1798.

Lieut.-Colonel Sheaffe served in Holland from August to November 1799; in the Baltic from March to July 1801; and in Canada from September 1802 to October 1811. On the 25th of April 1808, he received the brevet rank of Colonel, and on the 4th of June 1811 was advanced to the rank of Major-General. He again served in Canada from the 29th of July 1812 to November 1813. The Americans having invaded Upper Canada at Queenstown on the 13th of October 1812, and General Brock, commanding in the province, having fallen in a gallant effort with an independent force to oppose them, Major-General Sheaffe, on whom the command devolved, assembled some regular troops and militia, with a few Indians, and the same day attacked them in a woody height, which they occupied above the town, and completely defeated them, though far exceeding his own followers in number, their Commander delivering his sword, and surrendering his surviving troops on the field of battle.

In acknowledgment of this important service, Major-General Sheaffe was created a Baronet by patent, dated 16th January 1813. Sir Roger Sheaffe defended the town of York (now called Toronto), in Upper Canada, on the 27th of April 1813, when it was attacked by the Americans, whose loss exceeded the number of those opposed to them. He continued to command in the Upper Province, and to administer its government, until June 1813; on quitting it he received, from the resident members of the Executive Council, an address expressing their sense of “that display of candour, justice, and impartiality which had marked his administration, and the urbanity and confidence of his official intercourse.” They further acknowledged their conviction that they owed the salvation of the whole province to his military talents on the memorable day when he succeeded to the command. He was appointed to the Staff of Great Britain on the 25th of March 1814; but the appointment was recalled and deferred, in consequence of the change of affairs in Europe.

Major-General Sir Roger Sheaffe was promoted to the rank of Lieut.-General on the 19th of July 1821, and on the 21st of December 1829 was appointed by His Majesty King George IV. to be Colonel of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment. He was advanced to the rank of General on the 28th of June 1838. General Sir Roger Hale Sheaffe, Bart., died at Edinburgh, aged eighty-eight years, on the 17th of July 1851.

LORD FREDERICK FITZCLARENCE, G.C.H.

_Appointed 23d July 1851._

APPENDIX.

_Copy of the General Orders issued by the Commander-in-Chief of
Madras upon the_ THIRTY-SIXTH _regiment being ordered to return
to Great Britain_.

“GENERAL ORDERS.

_“Head-Quarters,
“Choultry Plain, 24th September 1798._

“In taking leave of Lieut.-Colonel Burne, the officers, and men
of His Majesty’s THIRTY-SIXTH regiment, the Commander-in-Chief
cannot refrain from expressing his sincere regret at losing
from under his command a corps so eminently distinguished for
important services in the field, and for discipline, order, and
regularity, in every situation. Of a regiment whose merits are
so well known, it is unnecessary to say much: their gallant
exertions will receive their best reward in the applause and
gratitude of their country.

“The Commander-in-Chief cannot more strongly evince his high
opinion of this corps than by exhorting the men, wherever their
King and Country may hereafter require their services, to make it
their first care to preserve unblemished the name and reputation
they have acquired in the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment.

(Signed) “KEITH YOUNG,
“_Acting Deputy Adjutant General_.”

_Copy of an Order issued by the Governor in Council upon the_
THIRTY-SIXTH _regiment quitting Madras for Great Britain_.

“_Madras, 14th October 1798._

“The remainder of His Majesty’s THIRTY-SIXTH regiment is to
embark from the North Glacis at six o’clock to-morrow morning
for Europe, in the ships under despatch, according to the
distribution they have received from the Deputy Adjutant General.

“The occasion cannot fail to recall the memory of those glorious
and important services which have been rendered by this gallant
corps to the British Empire in India; services for which the
Right Honorable the President in Council offers the warmest
thanks of this Government to Lieut.-Colonel Burne, the officers,
and men of the regiment.

“The Governor in Council, impressed with a just sense of the
discipline and hardiness of the men, of the experience and
gallantry of the officers, cannot but feel sincere regret at the
loss which the army under this Government is about to sustain in
the departure of this efficient corps.”

_Copy of a Letter from Lieut.-General the Honorable Sir Arthur
Wellesley, K.B. to Viscount Castlereagh, Secretary of State._

Contained in Vol. iv., page 100, “of the Despatches of
Field-Marshal the Duke of Wellington.” Compiled by Colonel
Gurwood.

“_Vimiera, 22d August 1808._

“MY DEAR LORD,

“After I wrote to you yesterday morning we were attacked by the
whole of the French army, Sir Harry Burrard being still on board
ship, and I gained a complete victory. It was impossible for
troops to behave better than our’s did: we only wanted a few
hundred more cavalry to annihilate the French army.

“I have sent my Report upon this action to Sir Harry Burrard,
who will send it home. You will see in it that I have mentioned
Colonel Burne of the 36th regiment in a very particular manner,
and I assure you that there is nothing that will give me so much
satisfaction as to learn that something has been done for this
old and meritorious soldier.

“_The_ THIRTY-SIXTH _regiment is an example to the army._

“Sir Harry did not land till late in the day in the midst of
the attack, and he desired me to continue my own operations;
and, as far as I am personally concerned in the action, I was
amply rewarded for any disappointment I might have felt in not
having had an opportunity of bringing the service to a close, by
the satisfaction expressed by the army that the second and more
important victory had been gained by their old General.

“I have also the pleasure to add, that it has more effect than
all the argument I could use to induce the General to move on,
and I believe he will march to-morrow. Indeed, if he does not, we
shall be poisoned here by the stench of the dead and wounded, or
we shall starve, everything in the neighbourhood being already
eaten up.

“From the number of dead Frenchmen about the ground, and the
number of prisoners and wounded, I should think their loss could
not be far short of 3,000 men. The force which attacked us was
very respectable, and probably not short of 14,000 men, including
1,300 dragoons and artillery, and 300 chasseurs à cheval.

“Sir Hew Dalrymple arrived last night, and will land this morning.

“Believe me, &c.
(Signed) “ARTHUR WELLESLEY.”

“The Viscount Castlereagh,
&c. &c.”

“GENERAL ORDERS.

“_His Majesty’s Ship, “Audacious,”
“18th January 1809._

“The irreparable loss that has been sustained by the fall of the
Commander of the Forces (Lieut.-General Sir John Moore), and the
severe wound which has removed Lieut.-General Sir David Baird
from his station, render it the duty of Lieut.-General Hope to
congratulate the army upon the successful result of the action of
the 16th instant.

“On no occasion has the undaunted valour of British troops ever
been more manifest. At the termination of a severe and harassing
march, rendered necessary by the superiority which the enemy had
acquired, and which had materially impaired the efficiency of the
troops, many disadvantages were to be encountered.

“These have all been surmounted by the conduct of the troops
themselves; and the enemy has been taught, that whatever
advantages of position or of numbers he may employ, there is
inherent in the British officers and soldiers a bravery that
knows not how to yield, that no circumstances can appal, and that
will ensure victory when it is to be obtained by the exertion of
any human means.

“The Lieut.-General has the greatest satisfaction in
distinguishing such meritorious services as came within his
observation, or have been brought to his knowledge.

“His acknowledgments are, in a peculiar manner, due to
Lieut.-General Lord William Bentinck, and the brigade under his
command, consisting of the fourth, forty-second, and fiftieth
regiments, and which sustained the weight of the attack.

“Major-General Manningham, with his brigade, consisting of
the Royals, the twenty-sixth and eighty-first regiments, and
Major-General Warde, with the brigade of Guards, will also be
pleased to accept his best thanks for their steady and gallant
conduct during the action.

“To Major-General Paget, who, by a judicious movement of the
reserve, effectually contributed to check the progress of
the enemy on the right; and to the first battalion of the
fifty-second and ninety-fifth regiments, which were thereby
engaged, the greatest praise is justly due.

“That part of Major-General Leith’s brigade which was engaged,
consisting of the fifty-ninth regiment, under the conduct of the
Major-General, also claims marked approbation.

“The enemy not having rendered the attack on the left a serious
one, did not afford to the troops stationed in that quarter an
opportunity of displaying that gallantry which must have made him
repent the attempt.

“The piquets and advanced posts, however, of the brigades under
the command of Major-Generals Hill and Leith, and Colonel Catlin
Craufurd, conducted themselves with determined resolution, and
were ably supported by the officers commanding these brigades,
and by the troops of which they were composed.

“It is peculiarly incumbent upon the Lieut.-General to notice the
vigorous attack made by the second battalion of the fourteenth
regiment under Lieut.-Colonel Nicolls, which drove the enemy out
of the village, of the left of which he had possessed himself.

“The exertions of Lieut.-Colonel Murray, Quartermaster-General,
and of the other officers of the General Staff, during the
action, were unremitted, and deserve every degree of approbation.

“The illness of Brigadier-General Clinton, Adjutant-General,
unfortunately deprived the army of the benefit of his services.

“The Lieut.-General hopes the loss in point of numbers is not so
considerable as might have been expected; he laments, however,
the fall of the gallant soldiers and valuable officers who have
suffered.

“The Lieut-General knows that it is impossible, in any language
he can use, to enhance the esteem, or diminish the regret, that
the army feels with him for its late Commander. His career has
been unfortunately too limited for his country, but has been
sufficient for his own fame. Beloved by the army, honored by his
Sovereign, and respected by his country, he has terminated a life
devoted to her service by a glorious death,--leaving his name
as a memorial, an example, and an incitement to those who shall
follow him in the path of honor, and it is from his country alone
that his memory can receive the tribute which is its due.

(Signed) “JOHN HOPE, Lieut.-General.”

“GENERAL ORDERS.

“_Horse Guards, 1st February 1809._

“The benefits derived to an army from the example of a
distinguished Commander do not terminate at his death; his
virtues live in the recollection of his associates, and his fame
remains the strongest incentive to great and glorious actions.

“In this view the Commander-in-Chief, amidst the deep and
universal regret which the death of Lieut.-General Sir John Moore
has occasioned, recalls to the troops the military career of that
illustrious officer for their instruction and imitation.

“Sir John Moore from his youth embraced the profession with the
feelings and sentiments of a soldier; he felt that a perfect
knowledge and an exact performance of the humble but important
duties of a subaltern officer are the best foundations for
subsequent military fame, and his ardent mind, while it looked
forward to those brilliant achievements for which it was formed,
applied itself with energy and exemplary assiduity to the duties
of that station.

“In the school of regimental duty he obtained that correct
knowledge of his profession so essential to the proper direction
of the gallant spirit of the soldier, and he was enabled to
establish a characteristic order and regularity of conduct,
because the troops found in their leader a striking example of
the discipline which he enforced on others.

“Having risen to command, he signalised his name in the West
Indies, in Holland, and in Egypt. The unremitting attention with
which he devoted himself to the duties of every branch of his
profession obtained him the confidence of Sir Ralph Abercromby,
and he became the companion in arms of that illustrious officer,
who fell at the head of his victorious troops in an action which
maintained our national superiority over the arms of France.

“Thus Sir John Moore at an early period obtained, with general
approbation, that conspicuous station in which he gloriously
terminated his useful and honorable life.

“In a military character obtained amidst the dangers of climate,
the privations incident to service, and the sufferings of
repeated wounds, it is difficult to select any one point as a
preferable subject for praise; it exhibits, however, one feature
so particularly characteristic of the man, and so important to
the best interests of the service, that the Commander-in-Chief is
pleased to mark it with his peculiar approbation--

“THE LIFE OF SIR JOHN MOORE WAS SPENT AMONG THE TROOPS.

“During the season of repose his time was devoted to the care
and instruction of the officer and soldier; in war he courted
service in every quarter of the globe. Regardless of personal
consideration, he esteemed that to which his country called
him _the post of honor_, and by his undaunted spirit and
unconquerable perseverance he pointed the way to victory.

“His country, the object of his latest solicitude, will rear a
monument to his lamented memory, and the Commander-in-Chief feels
he is paying the best tribute to his fame by thus holding him
forth as an EXAMPLE to the ARMY.

“By order of His Royal Highness the Commander-in-Chief,

“HARRY CALVERT, _Adjutant-General_.”

The following regiments composed the army under Lieut.-General Sir John Moore at Corunna on the 16th of January 1809:--

_Corps._ _Commanding Officers._
7th Light Dragoons Lieut.-Colonel Vivian.
10th ” ” Leigh.
15th ” ” Grant.
18th ” ” Jones.
3d ” (King’s Germ. Leg.) Major Burgwesel.
Artillery Colonel Harding.
Engineers Major Fletcher.
Waggon Train Detachment Lieut.-Colonel Langley.
1st Foot Guards, 1st Battalion ” Cocks.
” 3d ” ” Wheatley.
1st Foot 3d ” Major Muller.
2d ” 1st ” Lieut.-Colonel Iremonger.
4th ” 1st ” ” Wynch.
5th ” 1st ” ” Mackenzie.
6th ” 1st ” Major Gordon.
9th ” 1st ” Lieut.-Colonel Cameron.
14th ” 2d ” ” Nicolls.
20th ” ” Ross.
23d ” 2d ” ” Wyatt.
26th ” 1st ” ” Maxwell.
28th ” 1st ” ” Belson.
32d ” 1st ” ” Hinde.
36th Foot 1st ” ” Burne.
38th ” 1st ” ” Hon. Charles Grenville
42d ” 1st ” ” Stirling.
43d ” 1st ” ” Gifford.
43d ” 2d ” ” Hull.
50th ” 1st ” Major Charles Napier.
51st ” Lieut.-Colonel Darling.
52d ” 1st ” ” Barclay.
52d ” 2d ” ” John Ross.
59th ” 2d ” ” Fane.
60th ” 2d ” ” Codd.
60th ” 5th ” Major Davy.
71st ” 1st ” Lieut.-Colonel Pack.
76th ” 1st ” ” Symes.
79th ” 1st ” ” Cameron.
81st ” 2d ” Major Williams.
82d ” ” M‘Donald.
91st ” 1st ” ” Douglas.
92d ” 1st ” Lieut.-Colonel Alexander Napier.
95th (Rifle Reg.) 1st ” ” Beckwith.
” 2d ” ” Wade.
Staff Corps Detachment ” Nicolay.
1st Light Batt. King’s German ” Leonhart.
Legion.
2d ” ” ” Halkett.

_Documents relating to the word_ “FIRM,” _borne by the_
THIRTY-SIXTH _regiment, alluded to in Sir George Nayler’s letter,
dated 6th of January 1817, inserted at page 94_.

“_Monte Video, 30th July 1807._

“SIR,

“I do myself the honour of acknowledging the receipt of your
letter dated the 9th of May last, and now transmit a sketch of
the regimental colours of the first battalion of the THIRTY-SIXTH
regiment, as represented in the accompanying paper, marked D
and E.; at present there are no camp colours with the 36th,
they having been destroyed by fire when the regimental store
was burned at Battle barracks, a few days before the regiment
embarked for foreign service.

“I likewise do myself the honour of sending a sketch from the
regimental seal, and beg to be informed by you if we have
not a right to the word ‘Firm’ embroidered on the colours as
represented in that sketch. How long the seal has been in the
regiment I cannot pretend to say, only it is the same seal that
has been made use of since I came into the THIRTY-SIXTH, which
will be _thirty-four years_ the month after next. Should there be
any office where the devices of different regiments are recorded,
I should imagine it would be a matter easily ascertained.

“I have, &c.
(Signed) “ROBERT BURNE,
_“Lieut.-Colonel, Commanding 1st Battalion,_
_“36th Regiment.”_

_George Nayler, Esq., York Herald,_
_&c._ _&c._ _&c._

“_Treasury Chambers_,
“_24th April 1809_.

“DEAR SIR,

“I am desired by my brother of the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment to
make application to you for a drawing (furnished you some time
past by Colonel Burne) of a regimental seal, for the purpose of
registering the bearings on the colours, and having the word
‘FIRM’ inserted.

“The drawing is now wanted by the regiment, and I have to beg
that you will send me the same to give to my brother, who will be
in town in the course of the present week.

“I am, &c.
(Signed) “JOSEPH VERNON.”

“Mr. Vernon presents his compliments to Mr. Nayler, and requests
to be informed if the THIRTY-SIXTH regiment of foot is not
entitled to have the word ‘FIRM’ emblazoned in the regimental
colours, that word appearing on the regimental seal, a drawing
of which Colonel Burne furnished the Heralds’ Office, and which,
to his knowledge, had been in the regiment thirty-six years, and
most probably many years previous thereto. The return of the
regiment, about the year 1772, from the West Indies, with their
colours in a very shattered state, and the almost entire change
of officers, most probably occasioned the omission, and which
from that time has been continued. Colonel Burne is very anxious
to ascertain the point of being at liberty to have it inscribed
in the colours, fully confident that, unless the regiment had
previously obtained it, and by authority held it, it never could
have been engraved upon their seal.”

“_Treasury Chambers,
3rd July 1809._”

“Captain Vernon presents his compliments to Mr. Nayler, and
will be much obliged by his enclosing him the certificate for
Colonel Burne’s signature, in order that he may forward it to the
regiment before he leaves town. Captain Vernon begs to return Mr.
Nayler his best thanks for the very early attention he gave to
the object of the Colonel’s wishes in the insertion of the motto
which Captain V. had the pleasure of seeing on calling at Mr.
Nayler’s office on Wednesday last.”

“_52, Charlotte Street, Portland Place,
17th March 1810._”

“_52, Charlotte Street, Portland Place_,
“_21st March 1810_.

“DEAR SIR,