Chapter III: Vicksburg

Several days later, having crossed at Vidalia and passed through
Natchez, he came to Vicksburg. “The ——th Virginia?”

“Camped, I think, in a vacant lot near the Court-House. Fine
regiment!”

“Yes, fine regiment. Why is the town so dressed up? I have not heard
so many bands since General Lee reviewed us on the Opequon.”

“Similar occasion! The President and General Johnston are here. They
came from Jackson yesterday. This morning they inspect the defences,
and this afternoon there will be a review.”

“Give me all the news. I have been in another world.”

“Grant and Sherman are preparing to swoop. The first is at Oxford with
fifty thousand men, the second has left Memphis. He has thirty-five
thousand, and the Gunboat Squadron. We’re in for it I reckon! But the
town’s taking it like a birthday party.—When I was a boy my father and
mother always gave me a birthday party, and always every boy in town
but me was there! Can’t skip this one, however!—They say Forrest is
doing mighty good work east of Memphis, and there came a rumour just
now that Van Dorn had something in hand.—You’re welcome!”

The fair-sized town, built up from the riverside and over a shady,
blossomy plateau, lay in pale sunshine. The devious river, yellow,
turbid, looping through the land, washed the base of bluff and hill.
Gone was the old clanging, riverside life, the coming and going of the
packets, laughter and shouting of levee and wharf, big ware-houses
looking benignantly on, manœuvres of wagons and mules and darkies;
gone were the cotton bales and cotton bales and cotton bales rolling
down the steep ways into the boats; gone the singing and singing and
casual sound of the banjo! There was riverside life now, but it
partook of the nature of War, not of Peace. It was the life of river
batteries, and of the few, few craft of war swinging at anchor in the
yellow flood. Edward Cary, climbing from the waterside, saw to right
and left the little city’s girdle of field-works, the long rifle-pits,
the redoubts and redans and lunettes. All the hillsides were trenched,
and he saw camp-fires. He knew that not more than five thousand men
were here, the remainder of the Army of the West being entrenched at
Grenada, behind the Yallabusha. Above him, from the highest ground of
all, sprang the white cupola of the Court-House. Around were fair,
comfortable houses, large, old, tree-embowered residences. The place
was one of refinement of living, of boundless hospitality. Two years
ago it had been wealthy, a centre of commerce.

Edward came into a wider street. Here were people, and, in the
distance, a band played “Hail to the Chief.” Every house that could
procure or manufacture a flag had hung one out, and there were
garlands of cedar and the most graceful bamboo vine. In the cool,
high, December sunlight everything and everybody wore a holiday air,
an air of high and confident spirits. Especially did enthusiasm dwell
in woman’s eye and upon her lip. There were women and children enough
at doors and gateways and on the irregular warm brick pavement. There
were old men, too, and negro servants, and a good sprinkling of
convalescent soldiers, on crutches or with arms in slings, or merely
white and thin from fever. But young men or men in their prime lacked,
save when some company swung by, tattered and torn, bronzed and
bright-eyed. Then the children and the old men cheered and the negroes
laughed and clapped, and the women waved their handkerchiefs, threw
their kisses, cried, “God bless you!” East and west and north and
south, distant and near, from the works preparing for inspection,
called the bugles.

Edward, moving without haste up the street, came upon a throng of
children stationed before what was evidently a schoolroom. A boy had a
small flag—the three broad stripes, the wreath of stars. He held it
solemnly, with a thin, exalted face and shining eyes. The girl beside
him had a bouquet of autumn flowers. Upon the doorstep stood the
teacher, a young woman in black.

The group pressed together a little so that the soldier looking for
his regiment might pass. As with a smile he made his way, his hand now
on this small shoulder, now on that, the teacher spoke.

“It’s a great day, soldier! They must all remember it, mustn’t they?”

“Yes, yes!” said Edward. He paused beside her, gazing about him. “I am
of the Virginia troops. We passed through Vicksburg a fortnight ago,
but it was at night.—Well! the place wears its garland bravely, but I
hope the siege will not come.”

“If it does,” said the young woman, “we shall stand it. We stood the
bombardment last summer.”

The boy nearest her put in a voice. “Ho! that wasn’t anything! That
was just fun! There wasn’t more ’n a dozen killed and one lady.”

“An’ the house next ours burned up!” piped a little girl. “An’ a shell
made a hole in the street before my grandma’s door as big as—big
as—big as—big as the moon!”

All the children began to talk. “It was awful—”

“Ho! it wasn’t awful. I liked it.”

“We got up in the middle of the night an’ it was as light as day! An’
the ground shook so it made your ears ring, an’ everybody had to shout
so’s they’d be heard—”

“An’ it wasn’t just one night! It was a whole lot of nights an’ days.
Old Porter an’ old Farragut—”

“An’ Miss Lily used to give us holiday—”

“Huh! She wouldn’t give it less’n the noise got so loud she had to
scream to make us hear! When we could honest-Injun say, ‘Miss Lily, we
can’t hear you!’ then she’d give it—”

“We had a whole lot of holiday. An’ then old Porter an’ old Farragut
went away—”

The boy who held the banner had not spoken. Now he waved it once,
looking with his brilliant eyes up and out, beyond the river. “The
damn-Yankees went away, and if the damn-Yankees come any more, they
can go away over again—”

“Gordon! don’t use injurious epithets!” said Miss Lily, very gently.

Edward laughed and said good day. Farther on, keeping step for a
moment with a venerable old gentleman, he asked, “What, sir, are all
those small excavations in the hillsides, there, beyond the houses—”

“They are refuges, sir, for the women and children and sick and
helpless. We made them when Farragut came up the river and Porter came
down it and poured shot and shell in upon us every few days for a
month or two! If signs may be trusted, it is apparent, sir, that we
shall find use for them again.”

“I am afraid it is. I am not sure that it is correct to try to hold
the place.”

The old gentleman struck his cane against the ground. “I am no
strategist, sir, and I do not know a great deal about abstract
correctness! But I am not a giver-up, and I would eat mule and live in
a rat-hole for the balance of my existence before I would give up
Vicksburg! Yes, sir! If I were a two-year-old, and expected to live as
long as Methuselah, those would be my sentiments! Damn the
outrageousness of their presence on the Mississippi River, sir! Our
women are heroic, sir. They, too, will eat mule and live in rat-holes
for as long a time as may be necessary!—No, sir; the President may be
trusted to see that the town must be held!”

“Will General Johnston see it so?”

The old gentleman wiped his forehead with a snowy handkerchief. “Why
shouldn’t he see it so? He’s a good general. General Pemberton sees it
so. Why shouldn’t General Johnston see it so?”

Edward smiled. “Evidently you see it so, sir.—Yes; I know that except
for Port Hudson, it’s the only defensible place between Memphis and
New Orleans! We won’t cross swords. Only our forces aren’t exactly as
large as were Xerxes’!”

“Xerxes! Xerxes, sir, was an effete Oriental!—I gather from your
accent, sir, that you are from Virginia. I don’t know how it may be
with Virginia,—though we have heard good reports,—but our people,
sir,—our people are determined!”

“Oh,” said the other, with a happy laugh. “I like your people mighty
well, sir! Do you happen to know where the ——th Virginia is camped?”

The old gentleman waved his hand toward another and still broader
street. Cary, passing into it, found more banners, more garlands, more
people, and in addition carriages and civic dignitaries. In front of
him, before a dignified, pillared residence, was an open place with
soldiers drawn up. He gathered that this was the vacant lot for which
he was searching, but nearer approach failed to reveal the ——th
Virginia. A lieutenant stood beneath a tree, pondering his forming
company. Edward saluted, begged for information.

“——th Virginia? Ordered off at dawn to Grenada. Something’s up over
that way. Grant making a flourish from Oxford, I reckon. Or maybe it’s
Van Dorn. Do you belong to the ——th Virginia?”

The major came up. “Are you looking for the ——th Virginia? Yes? Then
may I ask if you are Edward Cary? Yes? Then I promised Captain
Carrington to look out for you. He was worried—he said that you must
have been hurt worse than he thought—”

“I was not badly hurt, but a levee broke and flooded that region, and
I could not get by.”

“I am glad to see you. It’s not only Carrington—I’ve heard a deal
about you from a brother of mine, in your class at the University,
Oliver Hebert.”

“Oh, are you Robert?”

“Yes. Oliver’s in Tennessee with Cleburne. I hope you’ll dine with me
to-day? Good! Now to your affair. The regiment’s going on to-morrow to
Grenada with the President and General Johnston. You’d best march with
us. We’re waiting now for the President—detachment’s to act as escort.
He’ll be out presently. He slept here last night.”

The company, whose first line had opened to include Edward, moved
nearer the pillared house. Orderlies held horses before the door,
aides came and went. Down the street sounded music and cheering. An
officer rode before the waiting escort.

“_Attention!_”

“That’s Old Joe they’re cheering,” said the private next Edward. “Glad
Seven Pines couldn’t kill him! They say he’s got a record for
wounds—Seminole War—Mexican War—little scrimmage we’re engaged in
now!—always in front, however. I was at Seven Pines. Were you?”

“Yes.”

“Awful fight!—only we’ve had so many awful fights since—There he
is!—_General Johnston! General Johnston! General Johnston!_”

Johnston appeared, spare, of medium height, with grizzled hair,
mustache and imperial, riding a beautiful chestnut mare. But recently
recovered from the desperate wound of Seven Pines, recently appointed
to the command of the Department of the West, the bronze of the field
had hardly yet ousted the pallor of illness. He rode very firmly,
sitting straight and soldierly, a slight, indomitable figure, instinct
with intellectual strength. He lifted his hat to the cheering lines
and smiled—a very sweet, affectionate smile. It gave winsomeness to
his quiet face. He was mingled Scotch and English,—somewhat stubborn,
very able.

Beside him rode General Pemberton, commanding the forces at Vicksburg
and Grenada. The two were speaking; Edward caught Johnston’s quick,
virile voice. “I believed that, apart from any right of secession, the
revolution begun was justified by the maxims so often repeated by
Americans, that free government is founded on the consent of the
governed, and that every community strong enough to establish and
maintain its independence has a right to assert it. My father fought
Great Britain in defence of that principle. Patrick Henry was my
mother’s uncle. Having been educated in such opinions, I naturally
returned to the State of which I was a native, joined my kith and kin,
the people among whom I was born, and fought—and fight—in their
defence.”

He reached the broad steps and dismounted. As he did so, the door of
the house opened and the President, a number of men behind him, came
out upon the portico. Tall and lean as an Indian, clear-cut,
distinguished, theorist and idealist, patriot undoubtedly, able
undoubtedly, Jefferson Davis breathed the morning air. Mississippi was
his State; Beauvoir, his home, was down the country. He looked like an
eagle from his eyrie.

Johnston having mounted the steps, the two met. “Ah, General, I wish
that I were in the field with this good town to defend!”

“Your Excellency slept well, I trust—after the people would let you
sleep?”

“I slept. General Pemberton, good morning—What are your arrangements?”

“In a very few moments, if your Excellency pleases, we will start. The
line of works is extensive.”

“Haynes Bluff to Warrenton,” said Johnston. “About fifteen miles.”

“It is not expected,” said Pemberton, “that his Excellency shall visit
the more distant works.”

Mr. Davis, about to descend the steps, drew a little back. Between his
brows were two fine, parallel lines. “You think, General Johnston,
that the lines are too extensive?”

“Under the circumstances—yes, your Excellency.”

“Then what is in your mind? Pray, speak out!”

“I think, sir, that one strong work should be constructed above the
town, at the bend in the river. It should be made very strong. I would
provision it to the best of our ability, and I would put there a
garrison, say of three thousand. The remainder of General Pemberton’s
forces I would keep in the field, adding to them—”

“Yes? Pray, be frank, sir.”

“It is my custom, your Excellency. I hesitated because I have already
so strongly made this representation that I cannot conceive.... Adding
to them the Army of the Trans-Mississippi.”

“I cannot consent to rob Peter, sir, to pay Paul.”

“I conceive, sir, that it is neither Peter nor Paul that is in
question, but the success of our arms. The enemy’s forces are uniting
to invade. Equally ours should unite to repel. General Holmes and his
army are doing little in Arkansas. Here they might do much.—If we had
the strong works and garrison I speak of—”

“You would abandon all the batteries up and down the river?”

“A giant properly posted will guard the Mississippi better than will
your long line of dwarfs.”

“Pray, sir, do not say _my_ line of batteries. They are not mine.”

“I will say, then, your Excellency, General Pemberton’s.”

“You, sir, and not General Pemberton, are in command of the Department
of the West.”

“So, when it is convenient, it is said. I have, then, sir, authority
to concentrate batteries and a certain proportion of troops at the
bend of the river?”

“We will take, sir, your ideas under consideration.”

The President moved to the steps, the others following. The line was
still between Mr. Davis’s brows. All mounted, wheeled their horses,
moved into the street. The aides came after, the escort closed in
behind. With jingle and tramp and music, to salutes and cheering, the
party bent on inspection of the Vicksburg defences moved toward its
object.

The words upon the portico had not of course floated to the ears of
the soldiers below. But the Confederate soldier was as far removed
from an automaton as it is conceivable for a soldier to be. Indeed,
his initiative in gathering knowledge of all things and moods
governing the Board of War was at times as inconvenient as it was
marked. His intuition worked by grapevine.

“What,” asked the soldier nearest Edward, “made the quarrel?”

“Old occasions, I believe. Now each is as poison to the other.”

The inspection of water batteries and field-works was over, the review
of the afternoon over. Amid cheering crowds the President left
Vicksburg for Grenada, with him General Johnston and General
Pemberton. The regiment which had given Edward Cary hospitality made a
night march.

In the cold December dawn they came to a stream where, on the opposite
bank, a cavalry detail could be made out watering its horses. There
was a bridge. Infantry crossed and fraternized.

“What’s the news? We had a big day in Vicksburg yesterday! The
President and Old Joe—”

“Have you heard about the raid?”

“What raid?”

“Boys, they haven’t heard!—Oh, I see our captain over there telling it
to your colonel.”

“That’s all right! We’ll get it from the colonel. But you fellows
might as well tell—seeing that you’re dying to do it! What raid?”

“Van Dorn’s raid—our raid! Raid on Holly Springs! Raid round Grant!
_Yaaaih! Yaaiih! Yaaaaih!_”

A tall and strong trooper, with a high forehead, deep eyes, and a
flowing black beard, began to speak in a voice so deep and sonorous
that it boomed like a bell across the water. “Van Dorn’s a jewel. Van
Dorn loves danger as he might love a woman with a temper. When she’s
smiling she’s so white-angry, then he loves her best. Van Dorn rides a
black thoroughbred and rides her hard. Van Dorn, with his long yellow
hair—”

“Listen to Llewellen chanting like the final bard!—Well, he is
handsome,—Van Dorn!”

“He ain’t tall, but he’s pretty. Go on, Llewellen!”

“Van Dorn riding like an Indian—”

“He did fine in the Comanche War. Did you ever hear about the arrow?”

“Van Dorn and two thousand of us—two thousand horse!”

“Dead night and all of them fast asleep!”

“Holly Springs—Grant’s depot of supplies—three months’ stores for
sixty thousand men—”

“Burnt all his supplies—cut his lines of communication—captured the
garrison!—Hurrah!”

“Ulysses S. Grant’s campaign’s deranged—”

“Reckon Vicksburg’s safe for this time! Reckon he’ll have to trot
Sherman back to Memphis—”

“Reckon he’ll have to clear out of Mississippi himself!”

“Light as hell in the dead night and all of them scampering! Hurrah!
Van Dorn and two thousand horse—”

“‘Now, men,’ says Van Dorn, ‘I want Glory with a capital letter, and I
reckon we’re most of us built the same way! Well, Glory Hallelujah is
growing round Grant’s army like tiger lilies round a beehive—’”

“Van Dorn and two thousand horse—took ’em like a thunderclap! Burned
three months’ supplies for sixty thousand men—cut their lines—”

“Toled danger away from Vicksburg—”

“Van Dorn and—”

_Fall in! Fall in!_

That evening the infantry regiment bivouacked within sight of Grenada.
The next morning, early, it swung out toward the Yallabusha. Passing a
line of ragged sentries it presently came to a region of ragged, huge
fields with cotton all ungathered, ragged, luxuriant forest growth,
ragged, gully-seamed, low hills. From behind one of these floated the
strains of “Dixie” played by ragged Confederate bands. The regiment
climbed a few yards and from a copse of yellow pine looked down and
out upon a ragged plain, an almost tentless encampment, and upon a
grand review of the Army of the West.

_Halt! In place! Rest!_

The regiment, leaning on its muskets, watched through a veil of
saplings. Officers and men were vividly interested and comment was
free, though carried on in low tones. Not far below waved the colours
marking the reviewing-stand. The music of the massed bands came from
the right, while in front a cluster of well-mounted men was moving
down the great field from division to division. A little in advance
rode two figures. “The President and General Johnston,” said the
colonel and the major and the captains. “Old Joe and the President,”
remarked the men.

The day was bright and still and just pleasantly cold. A few white
clouds sailed slowly from west to east, the sky between of the
clearest azure. A deep line of trees, here bare or partly bare, here
evergreen, marked the course of the Yallabusha. The horizon sank away
in purple mist. The sun came down and glinted brightly on sixteen
thousand bayonets, and all the flags glowed and moved like living
things. The trumpets brayed, the drums beat; there stood out the
lieutenant-general, Pemberton, the major-generals, Loring and Dabney
Maury and Earl Van Dorn, the latter laurel-crowned from as brilliant a
raid as the War had seen. Back to the colours fluttering beneath a
live-oak came the reviewing party. Brigade by brigade, infantry,
cavalry, and artillery, the army passed in review.

Past the President of the Confederacy went an array of men that, in
certain respects, could only be matched in the whole earth by the
other armies of that Confederacy. They were of a piece with the Army
of Tennessee now operating near Chattanooga, and with the Army of
Northern Virginia now watching Burnside across the Rappahannock, and
with other grey forces scattered over the vast terrain of the War.

It emerged at once how spare they were and young and ragged. There
were men from well-nigh every Southern State; from Georgia, Alabama,
Mississippi, Louisiana, Missouri, Texas, Kentucky, the Carolinas;—but
whether they came from lands of cotton and cane, or lands of apple and
wheat, they were alike lean and bronzed and ragged and young. Men in
their prime were there, and men past their prime; there did not lack
grey-beards. Despite this, the impression was overwhelmingly one of
youth. Oh, the young, young men, and lean as Indians in winter!
Brigade by brigade,—infantry, cavalry, artillery,—with smoke-stained,
shot-riddled colours, with bright, used muskets, with the guns, with
the war-horses, with the bands playing “Dixie,” they went by Mr. Davis
and General Johnston beneath the live-oak.

Toward noon the regiment from Vicksburg found its chance to report,
and a little later Edward Cary rejoined his command. The command was
glad to see him; not all his comrades understood him, but they liked
him exceedingly. That night, the first lieutenant, with whom at the
University, he had read George Sand and the dramas of M. Victor Hugo,
found him seated under a yellow pine with a pine stump for table, and
a pine torch for lamp, slowly covering with strong, restrained
handwriting, several sheets of bluish Confederate paper.

The lieutenant threw himself down upon the pine needles. “Writing
home?”

“No. Not to-night.”

Two letters lay addressed in their envelopes. The lieutenant, weary
and absent-minded, took them up, fingering them without thinking.
Edward drew the letter he was writing into the shadow, guarded it with
his arm, and, smiling, held out the other hand.

Colonel Henry Gaillard,
—— Louisiana Cavalry,
Mobile,
Alabama.

Captain Louis Gaillard,
—— Louisiana,
Barton’s Brigade—

read the lieutenant. He dropped the letters. “I am sure I beg your
pardon, Cary! I didn’t in the least think what I was doing!”

“There’s no harm done, Morton.” He repossessed himself of the letters,
struck the torch at another angle, and turned from the forest table.
“Morton, I’m going in for promotion.”

The lieutenant laid down his pipe. “Well, if you go in for it, I’ll
back you to get it, but I thought you said—”

“I did.”

“What do you want it for? Vain-glory?”

Edward locked his hands behind his head. “No; not for
vain-glory—though it’s remarkable how brothers and fathers and
kinsfolk generally like the _clang_ of ‘Colonel’ or ‘Brigadier’! After
the Merrimac and Monitor I wouldn’t take promotion, but I did get a
furlough.... Morton, I’m going in for furloughs and a
lieutenant-colonelcy. Back me up, will you?”

“Oh, we’ll all do that!” quoth Morton. “You might have entered as
captain and been anything most by now—”

“I didn’t care to bother. But now I think I will.”

“All right!” said Morton. “I gather that presently there will be
chances thick as blackberries.”