Chapter XLII (3)

“Sleeping within mine orchard,
My custom always of the afternoon,
Upon my secure hour thy uncle stole,
With juice of cursed hebenon in a vial,
And in the porches of mine ears did pour
The leperous distilment: whose effect
Holds such an enmity with blood of man,
That, swift as quicksilver, it courses through
The natural gates and alleys of the body;
And, with a sudden vigour, it doth posset
And curd, like eager droppings into milk,
The thin and wholesome blood: so did it mine;
And a most instant tetter bark’d about,
Most lazar-like, with vile and loathsome crust,
All my smooth body.”—_Hamlet_, Act i. scene v.

Footnote 6:

Pereira, p. 1427.

Footnote 7:

English edition, p. 278, quoted in M‘Culloch’s _Commercial
Dictionary_, p. 1314.

Footnote 8:

_Five Hundred Points of Good Husbandry._ London edition of 1812, p.
167.

Footnote 9:

_Ale_ was the name given to unhopped malt liquor before the use of
hops was introduced. When hops were added, it was called _beer_, by
way of distinction, I suppose, because we imported the custom from the
Low Countries, where the word beer was, and is still, in common use.
Ground ivy (_Glechoma hederacea_), called also alehoof and tunhoof,
was generally employed for preserving ale before the use of hops was
known. “The manifold virtues in hops,” says Gerard in 1596, “do
manifestly argue the holesomeness of _beere_ above _ale_, for the hops
rather make it physicall drink to keep the body in health, than an
ordinary drink for the quenching of our thirst.”

Footnote 10:

_Voyage dans le Nord de la Bolivie, et dans les parties voisines du
Perou._ Par H. A. WEDDELL, M.D., &c. &c. Paris, Bertrand; London,
Baillière. 1853.

_Scènes et Récits des Pays d’Outre-Mer._ Par THÉODORE PAVIE. Paris,
Lévy. 1853.

Footnote 11:

_Blackwood’s Magazine_, No. CCCCXXX., for August 1851.

Footnote 12:

The occupants of the pit at a theatre are called in Spain the
_mosqueteria_.

Footnote 13:

“Be not so well pleased, Juana, to see how I suffer for thee; that
which is my fate to-day, to-morrow may chance to be thine.”

Footnote 14:

This arm, which the _gauchos_ throw to a distance of twenty paces,
consists of three balls fastened to the same number of cords. The one
held in the hand is longer than the two others.

Footnote 15:

_History of the Captivity of Napoleon at St Helena._ By JOHN FORSYTH,
M.A. 3 vols. London: Murray.

Footnote 16:

_Notes and Emendations to the Text of Shakespeare’s Plays, from Early
MS. Corrections in a Copy of the Folio, 1632, in the possession of J.
Payne Collier, Esq., F.S.A.; forming a Supplemental Volume to the
Works of Shakespeare, by the same Editor._

_The Text of Shakespeare vindicated from the Interpolations and
Corruptions advocated by J. P. Collier, Esq., in his Notes and
Emendations._ By SAMUEL WELLER SINGER. 1853.

_Old Lamps or New? A Plea for the Original Editions of the Text of
Shakespeare, forming an Introductory Notice to the Stratford
Shakespeare._ Edited by CHARLES KNIGHT. 1853.

_A Few Notes on Shakespeare, with Occasional Remarks on the
Emendations of the MS. Corrector in Mr Collier’s Copy of the Folio,
1632._ By the Rev. ALEXANDER DYCE. 1853.

_A Few Remarks on the Emendation “Who smothers her with Painting,” in
the Play of Cymbeline, discovered by Mr Collier in a Corrected Copy of
the Second Edition of Shakespeare._ 1852.

_New Illustrations of the Life, Studies, and Writings of Shakespeare,
supplementary to all Editions._ By JOSEPH HUNTER. In 2 vols. 1845.

Footnote 17:

_A Few Notes on Shakespeare_, &c., p. 22.

Footnote 18:

This expression, “to cry aim,” occurs, in a serious application, in
the following lines from “King John,” _Act II. Scene 1_:—

“_K. Philip._—Peace, lady; pause or be more temperate:
It ill beseems this presence, _to cry aim_
To these ill-tuned repetitions”—

that is, to give encouragement to these ill-tuned wranglings.

Footnote 19:

_A Few Notes_, &c., p. 50.

Footnote 20:

_The Text of Shakespeare Vindicated_, &c., p. 24.

Footnote 21:

Molesworth’s edition, vol. iv. p. 46.

Footnote 22:

See _New Illustrations_, &c., vol. i. p. 356.

Footnote 23:

_L’Insurrection en Chine, depuis son Origine jusqu’à la Prise de
Nankin._ Par MM. CALLERY et YVAN. Avec une Carte topographique, et le
Portrait du Prétendant. Paris: 1853.

Footnote 24:

Painted upon the bucklers of the Chinese soldiers are all manner of
ferocious animals;—the tiger is the one most frequently seen, hence
the surname. On behalf of his Celestial friend, and in extenuation of
this ridiculous custom, Dr Yvan maintains that, in many of our
European military equipments, the same intention of terrifying by a
fierce aspect is manifest—as, for instance, in the bear-skin caps of
grenadiers, hussars, &c. The Spaniards, who bear little love to any
foreigners, and who are particularly given to laughing at their
Portuguese neighbours, assert that there was formerly in use, in the
Portuguese army, the word of command, “_Rosto feroz a o
enimigo!_”—Ferocious face to the enemy!—upon receiving which, the
soldiers looked excessively savage, showed their teeth, and made a
threatening gesture. This must have been a base imitation of the
Chinese. To this day the _tigers_, who are often faint-hearted enough,
go into action making horrible grimaces. Dr Yvan gives a very curious
account of the Chinese army, in which sound of gong is used instead of
word of command, and the officers are stationed behind their men to
prevent their running away—an exercise to which they are extremely
addicted. Silence in the ranks is far from being enjoined; on the
contrary, when approaching an enemy, the tigers and other wild beasts
roar in character—their sweet voices, with a gong accompaniment,
combining in a discord that is truly infernal. There exists a Chinese
treatise on the art of war, in twenty-four volumes, entitled
Ou-Pi-Tche. Its perusal is not allowed to civil mandarins below the
third rank, or to military mandarins below the fourth, nor, of course,
to persons of inferior degree. It is not admitted in China that a
private person, a literary man, a merchant, an agriculturist, can have
any good motive in studying such a work. Booksellers are permitted to
keep but one copy at a time, and are compelled to register the names
of purchasers. “Before beginning the war with the Celestial Empire,”
Dr Yvan says, “the English procured several copies of this treatise.
One day, at Canton, an American merchant mentioned this fact to a
mandarin of very high rank. The mandarin struck the palm of his left
hand with his fan: ‘I no longer wonder,’ he cried, ‘that the
red-haired barbarians vanquished us!’”—_L’Insurrection en Chine_,
chap. ix. pp. 119–124.

Footnote 25:

_La France en 1853._ Par Le Marquis DE LAROCHEJAQUELEIN. Paris: 1853.

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TRANSCRIBER’S NOTES

● Typos fixed; non-standard spelling and dialect retained. ● Used numbers for footnotes, placing them all at the end of the last chapter. ● Enclosed italics font in _underscores_.