Chapter VI: Part 6

The mountains and hills that are to be taken notice of, are first _Acomenticus_ hills, between _Kettery_ and _Gorgiana_, the high hills of _Ossapey_ to the West-ward of _Saco_ River, where the princely _Pilhanaw_ Ayries, the white mountains, to the North-ward of _Black-point_, the highest _Terrasse_ in _New-England_, you have the description of it in my Treatise of the rarities of _New-England_.

A Neighbour of mine rashly wandering out after some stray’d Cattle, lost his way, and coming as we conceived by his Relation near to the head spring of some of the branches of _Black-point_ River or _Saco_-River, [p. 203.] light into a Tract of land for God knowes how many miles full of delfes and dingles, and dangerous precipices, Rocks and inextricable difficulties which did justly daunt, yea quite deter him from endeavouring to pass any further: many such like places are to be met with in _New-England_.

The ponds or lakes in this province are very large and many, out of which the great Rivers have their original; we read of the lake _Balsena_ that is thirty miles about, here are that come very near to it, stored with all sorts of fresh water fish; and if you will believe report, in one of them huge fishes like Whales are to be seen, and some of them have fair Islands in them. Twelve mile from _Casco-bay_, and passable for men and horses, is a lake called by the _Indians_ _Sebug_, on the brink thereof at one end is the famous Rock shap’d like a _Moose-Deere_ or _Helk_, Diaphanous, and called the _Moose-Rock_. Here are found stones like Crystal, and _Lapis Specularis_ or _Muscovia_ glass both white and purple.

On the East-side of _Black-point_ River, upon a plain, close to the Sea-bank is a pond two mile in compass, fish it produceth, but those very small and black, and a number of Frogs and Snakes, and much [p. 204.] frequented by wild-fowl, _Ducks_, _Teal_, and wild-_Swins_, and _Geese_, especially spring and fall when they pass along to the South-ward, and return again to the North-ward where they breed.

The principal Rivers in the province of _Main_, are _Pascataway_-River, _York_-River, _Kenibunck_-River, near to this River clay bullets were cast up by a mineral vapour, this River is by the Town of _Wells_. Then _Saco_-River on the East-side of the Town, the shore Rockie all along on both sides, where musick echoes from several places: seven miles up the River is a great fall where abundance of _Salmon_ and _Lamprons_ are taken at the fall; a great way up, the River runs upon the Rock, _in rupibus defendendo efficit rivos_, he cutteth out Rivers among the Rocks, saith _Job_, of the Almighty, _Job_ 28. 10. A little above the fall is a saw-mill. Then _Black-point_-River divided into many branches; this as most of the Rivers in _New-England_, is bar’d with a bank of Sand, where the _Indians_ take _Sturgeon_ and _Basse_. _Spur-winck_-River is next, which by his near approach to _Black-point_-River maketh that neck of land almost an Island. Further East-ward is _Kenebeck_-river fifty leagues off of _New-Plimouth_ East-ward, and _Pechipscut_ famous [p. 205.] for multitudes of mighty large _Sturgeon_. The last river of the province East-ward is the great river _Sagadehock_ where Sir _John Pophams_ Colony seated themselves.

The chief harbours are _Cape-porpus_, _Winter harbour_, in which are some small Islands, _Black-point_, _Richmans-Island_, _Casco-bay_ the largest in the province full of Islands.

From _Sagadehock_ to _Nova-Scotia_ is called the Duke of _Yorkes_ province, here _Pemmaquid_, _Montinicus_, _Mohegan, apeanawhagen_, where Capt. _Smith_ fisht for _Whales_; _Muscataquid_, all fill’d with dwelling houses and stages for fishermen, and have plenty of Cattle, arable land and marshes.

_Nova Scotia_ was sold by the Lord _Starling_ to the _French_, and is now wholly in their possession.

Now we are come to _New-found-land_, which is over against the gulf of St. _Lawrence_, an Island near as spacious as _Ireland_, and lyeth distant from the Continent as far as _England_ is from the nearest part of _France_, and near half the way between _Ireland_ and _Virginia_, its longitude is 334 degrees 20 seconds, and North latitude 46 degrees 30 minutes, or as others will 53 minutes. _The longitude of places are uncertainly reported, but in latitudes most agree._ [p. 206.] _Longitude is the distance of the meridian of any place from the meridian which passeth over the Isles of_ Azores, _where the beginning of longitude is said to be. The meridian is a great circle dividing the Equinoctial at right Angles into two equal parts, passing also through both the Poles, and the Zenith, to which circle the Sun coming twice every 24 hours, maketh the middle of the day, and the middle of the night. Every place hath a several meridian, but they all meet in the poles of the world. Latitude is counted from the Equinoctial to the end of 30 degrees on each side thereof. The Equinoctial is a great circle imagined in the Heavens, also dividing the heavens into two equal parts, and lying just in the middle betwixt the two poles, being in compass from West to East, 360 degrees, every degree thereof on the terrestrial Globe valuing 20 English miles, [leagues?] or 60 miles._

Into the Bay of St. _Lawrence_ the River of St. _Lawrence_ or _Canada_ disimbogues it self, a River far exceeding any River in the elder world, thirty or forty mile over at the mouth, and in the Channel one hundred fathom deep; it runs on the back-side of _New-England_ and _Virginia_: the _French_ (it is said) have gone up six weeks voyage in it, and have not yet discovered the spring-head: the longitude is 334 degrees [p. 207.] 11 seconds, in 50 degrees 21 minutes of North latitude. This may satisfie a modest Reader, and I hope yield no offence to any. I shall onely speak a word or two of the people in the province of _Main_ and the Dukes province, and so conclude.

The people in the province of _Main_ may be divided into Magistrates, Husbandmen, or Planters, and fishermen; of the Magistrates some be Royalists, the rest perverse Spirits, the like are the planters and fishers, of which some be planters and fishers both, others meer fishers.

Handicrafts-men there are but few, the Tumelor or Cooper, Smiths and Carpenters are best welcome amongst them, shop-keepers there are none, being supplied by the _Massachusets_ Merchants with all things they stand in need of, keeping here and there fair Magazines stored with _English_ goods, but they set excessive prices on them, if they do not gain _Cent per Cent_, they cry out that they are losers, hence _English_ shooes are sold for Eight and Nine shillings a pair, worsted stockins of Three shillings six pence a pair, for Seven and Eight shillings a pair, Douglass that is sold in _England_ for one or two and twenty pence an ell, for four shillings a yard, Serges of two shillings or three shillings a yard, for Six and Seven [p. 208.] shillings a yard, and so all sorts of Commodities both for planters and fishermen, as Cables, Cordage, Anchors, Lines, Hooks, Nets, Canvas for sails, _&c._ Bisket twenty five shillings a hundred, Salt at an excessive rate, pickled-herrin for winter bait Four and five pound a barrel (with which they speed not so well as the waggish lad at _Cape-porpus_, who baited his hooks with the drown’d _Negro’s_ buttocks) so for Pork and Beef.

The planters are or should be restless pains takers, providing for their Cattle, planting and sowing of Corn, fencing their grounds, cutting and bringing home fuel, cleaving of claw-board and pipe-staves, fishing for fresh water fish and fowling takes up most of their time, if not all; the diligent hand maketh rich, but if they be of a droanish disposition as some are, they become wretchedly poor and miserable, scarce able to free themselves and family from importunate famine, especially in the winter for want of bread.

They have a custom of taking Tobacco, sleeping at noon, sitting long at meals some-times four times in a day, and now and then drinking a dram of the bottle extraordinarily: the smoaking of Tobacco, if moderately used refresheth the weary much, and so doth sleep.

[p. 209.]

_A Traveller five hours doth crave
To sleep, a Student seven will have,
And nine sleeps every Idle knave._

The Physitian allowes but three draughts at a meal, the first for need, the second for pleasure, and the third for sleep; but little observed by them, unless they have no other liquor to drink but water. In some places where the springs are frozen up, or at least the way to their springs made unpassable by reason of the snow and the like, they dress their meat in _Aqua Cælestis_, i. e. melted snow, at other times it is very well cook’t, and they feed upon (generally) as good flesh, Beef, Pork, Mutton, Fowl and fish as any is in the whole world besides.

Their Servants which are for the most part _English_, when they are out of their time, will not work under half a Crown a day, although it be for to make hay, and for less I do not see how they can, by reason of the dearness of clothing. If they hire them by the year, they pay them Fourteen or Fifteen pound, yea Twenty pound at the years end in Corn, Cattle and fish: some of these prove excellent fowlers, bringing in as many as will maintain their masters house; besides the profit that accrews by their feathers, [p. 210.] They use (when it is to be had) a great round shot, called _Barstable_ shot, (which is best for fowl) made of a lead blacker than our common lead, to six pound of shot they allow one pound of powder, Cannon powder is esteemed best.

The fishermen take yearly upon the coasts many hundred kentals of Cod, hake, haddock, polluck _&c._ which they split, salt and dry at their stages, making three voyages in a year. When they share their fish (which is at the end of every voyage) they separate the best from the worst, the first they call Merchantable fish, being sound, full grown fish and well made up, which is known when it is clear like a Lanthorn horn and without spots; the second sort they call refuse fish, that is such as is salt burnt, spotted, rotten, and carelesly ordered: these they put off to the _Massachusets_ Merchants; the merchantable for thirty and two and thirty ryals a kental, (a kental is an hundred and twelve pound weight) the refuse for Nine shillings and Ten shillings a kental, the Merchant sends the merchantable fish to _Lisbonne_, _Bilbo_, _Burdeaux_, _Marsiles_, _Talloon_, _Rochel_, _Roan_, and other Cities of _France_, to the _Canaries_ with claw-board and pipe-staves which is there and at the _Charibs_ a prime Commodity: the refuse fish they put [p. 211.] off at the _Charib-Islands_, _Barbadoes_, _Jamaica_, &c. who feed their _Negroes_ with it.

To every Shallop belong four fishermen, a Master or Steersman, a Midship-man, and a Foremast-man, and a shore man who washes it out of the salt, and dries it upon hurdles pitcht upon stakes breast high and tends their Cookery; these often get in one voyage Eight or Nine pound a man for their shares, but it doth some of them little good, for the Merchant to increase his gains by putting off his Commodity in the midst of their voyages, and at the end thereof comes in with a walking Tavern, a Bark laden with the Legitimate bloud of the rich grape, which they bring from _Phial_, _Madera_, _Canaries_, with _Brandy_, _Rhum_, the _Barbadoes strong-water_, and _Tobacco_, coming ashore he gives them a taster or two, which so charms them, that for no perswasions that their imployers can use will they go out to Sea, although fair and seasonable weather, for two or three days, nay sometimes a whole week till they are wearied with drinking, taking ashore two or three Hogsheads of _Wine_ and _Rhum_ to drink off when the Merchant is gone. If a man of quality chance to come where they are roystering and gulling in _Wine_ with a dear felicity, he must be sociable and _Roly-poly_ with them, taking off [p. 212] their liberal cups as freely, or else be gone, which is best for him, for when _Wine_ in their guts is at full Tide, they quarrel, fight and do one another mischief, which is the conclusion of their drunken compotations. When the day of payment comes, they may justly complain of their costly sin of drunkenness, for their shares will do no more than pay the reckoning; if they save a Kental or two to buy shooes and stockins, shirts and wastcoats with, ’tis well, other-wayes they must enter into the Merchants books for such things as they stand in need off, becoming thereby the Merchants slaves, & when it riseth to a big sum are constrained to mortgage their plantation if they have any, the Merchant when the time is expired is sure to seize upon their plantation and stock of Cattle, turning them out of house and home, poor Creatures, to look out for a new habitation in some remote place where they begin the world again. The lavish planters have the same fate, partaking with them in the like bad husbandry, of these the Merchant buys Beef, Pork, Pease, Wheat and _Indian_ Corn, and sells it again many times to the fishermen. Of the same nature are the people in the Dukes province, who not long before I left the Countrey petitioned the Governour and Magistrates in [p. 213.] the _Massachusets_ to take them into their Government, Birds of a feather will ralley together.

_Anno Dom._ 1671. The year being now well spent, and the Government of the province turned topsiturvy, being heartily weary and expecting the approach of winter, I took my leave of my friends at _Black-point_. And on the 28 of _August_ being Monday I shipt my self and my goods aboard of a shallop bound for _Boston_: towards Sun-set, the wind being contrary, we put into _Gibbons_ his Island, a small Island in _Winter-harbour_ about two leagues from _Black-point_ West-ward, here we stayed till the 30. day being Wednesday, about nine of the clock we set sail, and towards Sun-set came up with _Gorgiana_, the 31 day being Thursday we put into _Cape-Ann_-harbour about Sun-set. _September_ the 1 being Saturday in the morning before day we set sail and came to _Boston_ about three of the clock in the afternoon, where I found the Inhabitants exceedingly afflicted with griping of the guts, and Feaver, and Ague, and bloudy Flux.

The Eight day of _October_ being Wednesday, I boarded the new-Supply of _Boston_ 120 Tun, a ship of better sail than defence, her Guns being small, and for salutation only, the Master Capt. _Fairweather_, her [p. 214.] sailers 16. and as many passengers. Towards night I returned to _Boston_ again, the next day being Thanksgiving day, on Fryday the Tenth day we weighed Anchor and fell down to _Hull_.

The 12 and 13 day about 20 leagues from _Cape-Sable_ a bitter storm took us, beginning at seven of the clock at night, which put us in terrible fear of being driven upon the _Cape_, or the Island of _Sables_ where many a tall ship hath been wrackt.

_November_ the One and twenty about two of the clock afternoon we saw within kenning before us thick clouds, which put us in hope of land, the _Boson_ brings out his purse, into which the passengers put their good will, then presently he nails it to the main-mast, up go the boyes to the main-mast-top sitting there like so many _Crowes_, when after a while one of them cryes out land, which was glad tidings to the wearied passengers, the boyes descend, and the purse being taken from the mast was distributed amongst them, the lad that first descryed land having a double share: about three of the clock _Scilly_ was three leagues off.

The four and twentieth day we came to _Deal_, from thence the 25. to _Lee_, the 26. being Sunday we steemed the Tide to _Gravesend_, about two of the clock [p. 215.] afternoon. The 27 we came up with _Wollich_ where I landed and refresht my self for that night, next day I footed it four or five miles to _Bexley_ in _Kent_ to visit a near kinsman, the next day proved rainie, the 30 day being Fryday my kinsman accommodated me with a Horse and his man to _Greenwich_, where I took a pair of Oars and went aboard our Ship then lying before _Radcliff_, here I lay that night. Next day being Saturday, and the first of _December_ I cleared my goods, shot the bridge and landed at the _Temple_ about seven of the clock at night, which makes my voyage homeward 7 weeks and four days, and from my first setting out from _London_ to my returning to _London_ again Eight years Six moneths and odd days.

Now by the merciful providence of the Almighty, having perform’d Two voyages to the North-east parts of the Western-world, I am safely arrived in my Native Countrey; having in part made good the _French_ proverb, Travail where thou canst, but dye where thou oughtest, that is, in thine own Countrey.

_FINIS._

Chronological

OBSERVATIONS

OF

AMERICA,

From the year of the World
to the year of Christ,
1673.

_LONDON_:

Printed for _Giles Widdowes_, at the _Green-Dragon_
in St. _Paul’s_-Church-yard, 1674.

The Preface.

_The Terrestrial World is by our learned Geographers divided into four parts_, Europe, Asia, Africa _and_ America _so named from_ Americus Vespucius _the_ Florentine, _Seven years after_ Columbus; _although_ Columbus _and_ Cabota _deserved rather the honour of being Godfathers to it: notwithstanding by this name it is now known to us, but was utterly unknown to the Ancient_ Europeans _before their times, I will not say_ to the _Africans_ and _Asians_, for _Plato_ in his _Timeus_ relateth of a great Island called _Atlantis_, and _Philo_ the _Jew_ in his book _De mundo_, that it was over-flowen with water, by reason of a mighty Earthquake; The like happened to it 600 years before _Plato_: thus was the _Atlantick_ Ocean, caused to be a Sea, _if you will believe the same Philosopher, who flourished_ 366 _years before the Birth of our Saviour_.

America _is bounded on the South with the streight of_ Magellan, _where there are many Islands distinguished by an interflowing Bay; the West with the pacifique Sea, or_ mare-del-zur, _which Sea runs towards the North, separateing it from the East parts of_ Asia; _on the East with the_ Atlantick, _or our Western Ocean called_ mare-del-Nort; _and on the North with the Sea that separateth it from_ Groveland, _thorow which Seas the supposed passage to_ China _lyeth; these North parts, as yet are but barely discovered by our voyagers._

_The length of this new World between the streights of_ Anian _and_ Magellan _is_ 2400 German _miles, in breadth between_ Cabo de fortuna _near the_ Anian _streights is_ 1300 German _miles. About_ 18 _leagues from_ Nombre de dios, _on the South-Sea lyeth_ Panama (_a City having three fair Monasteries in it_) _where the narrowest part of the Countrey is, it is much less than_ Asia, _and far bigger than_ Europe, _and as the rest of the world divided into Islands and Continent, the Continent supposed to contain about_ 1152400000 _Acres._

_The Native people I have spoken of already: The discoverers and Planters of Colonies, especially in the North-east parts; together with a continuation of the proceedings of the_ English _in_ New-England, _from the first year of their settling there to purpose, to this present year of our Lord_ 1673. _with many other things by the way inserted and worth the observing I present unto your view in this ensuing Table._

_Anno Mundi_, 3720.

B_Ritain_ known to the _Græcians_ as appeared by _Polybius_ the _Greek_ Historian 265 years before the Birth of our Saviour, & after him _Athenæus_ a _Greek_ Author of good account 170 before Christ, relateth that _Hiero_ sent for a mast for a great Ship that he had built to _Britain_.

3740.

_Hanno_ the _Carthaginian_ flourished, who sent to discover the great Island _Atlantis_, i. e. _America_.

3873.

_Britain_ unknown to the _Romans_ was first discovered to them by _Julius Cæsar_, 54 years before the Birth of Christ, who took it to be part of the Continent of _France_, and got nothing but the sight of that part called afterwards _England_, which is the South of _Britain_.

_Anno Domini_, 86.

_Britain_ discovered to be an Island, and conquered by _Julius Agricola_ 136. years after _Julius Cæsars_ entrance into it.

99.

[p. 224.] The Emperour _Trajan_ flourished and stretched the Confines of the _Roman_ Empire, unto the remotest Dominions of the _East-Indies_, who never before that time had heard of a _Roman_.

745.

_Boniface_ Bishop of _Mens_ a City in Germany, was accused before Pope _Zachary_ in the time of _Ethelred_ King of the _East-Angles_ for Heresie, _&c._ in that he averred there were Antipodes. St. _Augustine_ and _Lactantius_ opinion was that there were none.

827.

_Egbert_ the _Saxon_ Monarch changed the name of the people in _England_, and called them _English-men_.

844.

The _Turks_ or _Scythians_ came from thence in the time of _Ethelwolf_ King of the _West-Saxons_. If the _Ottoman_-line should fail, the _Chrim Tartar_ is to succeed, being both of one Family.

959.

_Edgar_ Sirnamed the Peaceable, the 30 Monarch of the _English_, caused the Wolves to be destroyed by imposing a Tribute upon the Princes of _Wales_; and _Fage_ Prince of _North-Wales_ paid him yearly 300 Wolves, [p. 227.] which continued three years space, in the fourth year there was not a Wolf to be found, and so the Tribute ceased.

1160.

In the Emperours _Frederick Barbarossa’s_ time, certain _West-Indians_ came into _Germany_.

1170.

_Madoc_ the Son of _Owen Gwineth_ Prince of _North-Wales_ his voyage to the _West-Indies_, he planted a Colony in the Western part of the Countrey, in our _Henry_ the Seconds Raign.

1300.

_Flavio_ of _Malphi_ in _Naples_ invented the Compass in our _Edward_ the firsts time.

1330.

The _Canaries_ discovered by an _English_ Ship.

1337.

In _Edward_ the third’s time a Comet appeared, continuing 30 days.

1344.

_Machan_ an _English-man_ accidentally discovered _Madera-Island_.

1350.

_Estotiland_ discovered by fishermen of _Freez-land_, in _Edward_ the third’s Raign.

1360.

The Franciscan-Fryer _Nicholas de Linno_, [p. 228.] who is said to discover the Pole by his black Art, went thither in the Raign of _Edward_ the Third.

1372.

Sir _John Mandivel_, the Great Traveller dyed at _Leige_ a City in the _Netherland_ Provinces in _Edward_ the Third’s Raign.

1380.

_Nicholas_ and _Antonio Zeni_, two Noble Gentlemen of _Venice_ were driven by Tempest upon the Island of _Estotiland_ or _Gronland_, in our _Edward_ the Third’s Raign.

1417.

The _Canaries_ conquered by _Betan-Court_ a _Frenchman_.

1420.

The Island of _Madera_ discovered in our _Henry_ the Fifth’s time.

1428.

The Island _Puerto Santo_, or _Holy-port_ distant from _Madera_ 40 miles, discovered by _Portingal_ Mariners on _All-hallowes-day_, and therefore called _Holy-port_, it is in compass 150 miles, in _Henry_ the Sixth’s Raign.

1440.

The Island of _Cape de verd_ discovered.

1452.

The _Marine_ parts of _Guinea_ discovered by the _Portingals_ in _Henry_ the Sixth’s Raign.

1478.

[p. 229.] _Ferdinando_ first Monarch of all _Spain_.

1485.

_Henry_ the Seventh began to Raign.

1486.

The Kingdom of _Angola_ and _Congo_, with the Islands of St. _George_, St. _James_ and St. _Helens_ discovered.

1488.

_Christopher Columbus_ a _Genouese_ offered the discovery of the _West-Indies_ to _Henry_ the Seventh.

1492.

_Christopher Columbus_ sent to discover the _West-Indies_ by _Ferdinando_ King of _Arragon_, and _Isabella_ Queen of _Castile_, who descended from _Edward_ the Third King of _England_.

The _Caribby-Islands_ the _Antilles_ or _Canibal_, or _Camerean-Islands_ now discovered by _Christopher Columbus_, who took possession of _Florida_ and _Hispaniola_ for the King of _Spain_.

1493.

_Alexander_ the Sixth Pope of _Rome_ a _Spaniard_, took upon him to divide the world by his Bull, betwixt the _Portingal_ and the _Spaniard_, bearing date the fourth of _May_, giving to the one the East, and to the other the West-_Indies_.

[p. 230.] St. _Jean Porto Rico_ discovered by _Christopher Columbus_, _Cuba_ and _Jamaica_ discovered by him, this was his second voyage.

1495.

_Sebastian Cabota_ the first that attempted to discover the North-west passage at the charge of _Henry_ the Seventh.

1497.

_Christopher Columbus_ his third voyage to the West-_Indies_, and now he discovered the Countreys of _Paria_ and _Cumana_, with the Islands of _Cubagua_ and _Margarita_.

_John Cabota_ and his Son _Sebastian Cabota_ sent by _Henry_ the Seventh, to discover the _West-Indies_, which they performed from the _Cape_ of _Florida_ to the 67 degree and a half of Northerly latitude, being said by some to be the first that discovered _Florida_, _Virginia_, and _New-found-land_.

_Vasques de Gama_ his voyage to _Africa_.

1500.

_Christopher Columbus_ his fourth and last voyage to the _West-Indies_.

_Jasper Corteriaglis_ a _Portugal_, his voyage to discover the North-West passage, he discovered _Greenland_, or _Terra Corteriaglis_, or _Terra di Laborodoro_.

1501.

_Americus Vesputius_ a _Florentine_ imployed by the King of _Castile_ and _Portingal_, to discover [p. 231.] the _West-Indies_, named from him Seven year after _Columbus_, _America_.

1506.

_Christopher Columbus_ dyed.

1508.

_Henry_ the Seventh dyed _August the_ Two and twentieth.

_Henry_ the Eighth King of England.

1514.

_Sebastian Cabota_, the Son of _John_ made further discovery of all the North-east coasts from _Cape Florida_ to _New-found-land_, and _Terra Laborador_.

1516.

The voyage of Sir _Thomas Pert_ Vice-Admiral of _England_, and _Sebastian Cabota_, the Eighth of _Henry_ the Eighth to _Brasil_, St. _Domingo_, and St. _Juan de puerto rico_.

1520.

_Ferdinando Magellano_ a noble _Portingal_ set forth to sail about the world, but was 1521 unfortunately slain.

1522.

The _Bermuduz-Isle_ 400 in number, being 500 miles distant from _Virginia_, and 3300 miles from the City of _London_ in the latitude 32 degrees and 30 minutes, discovered now accidentally by _John Bermuduz_ a _Spaniard_.

1523.

[p. 232.] _Stephen Gomez_ his voyage to discover the North-west passage, some will have it in Twenty five.

1527.

_New-found-land_ discovered by one _Andrew Thorn_, the Southern part but 600 leagues from _England_.

_John de Ponce_ for the _Spaniard_ took possession of _Florida_.

1528.

_Nevis_ or _Mevis_ planted now according to some writers.

1534.

_Califormia_ questioned, whether Island or Continent, first discovered by the _Spaniard_.

_Nova Francia_ lying between the 40 and 50 degree of the _Artic-poles Altitude_ discovered by _Jaques Carthier_ in his first voyage, the first Colony planted in _Canada_.

1536.

The Puritan-Church policy began now in _Geneva_.

1542.

_Monsieur du Barvals_ voyage to _Nova Francia_, sent to inhabite those parts.

1548.

_Henry_ the Eighth dyed.

_Edward_ the Sixth King of _England_ began to Raign.

[p. 233.] _Sebastian Cabota_ made grand Pilot of _England_ by _Edward_ the Sixth.

1550.

The sweating sickness in _England._

1553.

_Edward_ the Sixth dyed.

_Mary_ Queen of _England_ began to Raign.

Sir _Hugh Willoughby_, and all his men in two Ships in his first attempt to discover the North-east passage, were in _October_ frozen to death in the Haven called _Arzima_ in _Lapland_.

1558.

Queen _Mary_ dyed.

_Elizabeth_ Queen of _England_ began to Raign _November_ the Seventeenth.

1560.

_Salvaterra_ a _Spaniard_ his voyage to the North-west passage.

1562.

Sir _John Hawkin’s_ first voyage to the _West-Indies_.

The first expedition of the _French_ into _Florida_, undertaken by _John Ribald_.

1565.

Tobacco first brought into _England_ by Sir _John Hawkins_, but it was first brought into use by Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ many years after.

1566.

The Puritans began to appear in _England_.

1569.

[p. 234.] _Anthony Jenkinson_ the first of the _English_ that sailed through the _Caspian_-Sea.

1572.

Private Presbyteries now first erected in _England_.

Sir _Francis Drake’s_ first voyage to the _West-Indies_.

1573.

The _Hollanders_ seek for aid from Queen _Elizabeth_.

1576.

Sir _Martin Frobisher_ the first in Queen _Elizabeths_ days that sought for the North-west passage, or the streight, or passage to _China_, and _meta incognita_, in three several voyages, others will have it in 1577.

1577.

_November_ the 17 Sir _Francis Drake_ began his voyage about the world with five Ships, and 164 men setting sail from _Plimouth_, putting off _Cape de verde_. The beginning of _February_, he saw no Land till the fifth of _April_, being past the line 30 degrees of latitude, and in the 36 degree entered the River _Plates_, whence he fell with the streight of _Magellan_ the 21 of _August_, which with three of his Ships he passed, having cast off the other two as impediments to him, and the _Marigold_ tossed from her General after [p. 235.] passage was no more seen. The other commanded by Capt. _Winter_ shaken off also by Tempest, returned thorow the Streights and recovered _England_, only the _Pellican_, whereof himself was Admiral, held on her course to _Chile_, _Coquimbo_, _Cinnama_, _Palma_, _Lima_, upon the west of _America_, where he passed the line 1579 the first day of _March_, and so forth until he came to the latitude 47. Thinking by those North Seas to have found passage to _England_, but fogs, frosts and cold winds forced him to turn his course South-west from thence, and came to Anchor 38 degrees from the line, where the King of that Countrey presented him his Net-work Crown of many coloured feathers, and therewith resigned his Scepter of Government unto his Dominion, which Countrey Sir _Francis Drake_ took possession of in the Queens name, and named it _Nova Albion_, which is thought to be part of the Island of _Califormia_.

Sir _Martin Frobisher’s_ second voyage.

1578.

Sir _Humphrey Gilbert_ a _Devonshire_ Knight attempted to discover _Virginia_, but without success.

Sir _Martin Frobisher’s_ third voyage to _Meta incognita_. _Freezeland_ now called _West-England_, 25 leagues in length, in the latitude of 57.

[p. 236.] Sir _Francis Drake_ now passed the Streights of _Magellan_ in the Ship called the _Pellican_.

1579.

Sir _Francis Drake_ discovered _Nova Albion_ in the South-Sea.

Others will have Sir _Martin Frobisher’s_ first voyage to discover the North-west passage to be this year.

1580.

From _Nova Albion_ he fell with _Ternate_, one of the Isles of _Molucco_, being courteously entertained of the King, and from thence he came unto the Isles of _Calebes_, to _Java Major_, to _Cape buona speranza_, and fell with the coasts of _Guinea_, where crossing again the line, he came to the height of the _Azores_, and thence to _England_ upon the third of _November_ 1580. after three years lacking twelve days, and was Knighted, and his Ship laid up at _Deptford_ as a monument of his fame.

1581.

The Provinces of _Holland_ again seek for aid to the Queen of _England_.

1582.

Sir _Humphrey Gilbert_ took possession of _New-found-land_ or _Terra Nova_, in the harbour of St. _John_, for and in the name of [p. 237.] Queen _Elizabeth_, it lyeth over against the gulf of St. _Lawrence_, and is between 46 and 53 degrees of the North-poles Altitude.

1583.

Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ in _Ireland_.

Sir _Humphrey Gilbert_ attempted a plantation in some remote parts in _New-England_.

He perished in his return from _New-found-land_.

1584.

The woful year of subscription so called by the Brethren, or Disciplinarians.

Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ obtained of Queen _Elizabeth_ a Patent for the discovery and peopling of unknown Countries, not actually possessed by any Christian Prince. Dated _March_ 25. in the six and twentieth of her Raign.

_April_ the 27 following, he set forth two Barkes under the Command of Mr. _Philip Amedas_ and Mr. _Arthur Barlow_, who arrived on that part of _America_, which that Virgin Queen named _Virginia_, and thereof in her Majesties name took possession _July_ the Thirteenth.

1585.

Cautionary Towns and Forts in the low-Countreys delivered unto Queen _Elizabeths_ hands.

Sir _Richard Greenvile_ was sent by Sir [p. 238.] _Walter Rawleigh_ _April_ the Ninth, with a Fleet of 7 sail to _Virginia_, and was stiled the General of _Virginia_. He landed in the Island of St. _John de porto Rico_ _May_ the Twelfth, and there fortified themselves and built a _Pinnasse_, &c. In _Virginia_ they left 100 men under the Government of Mr. _Ralph Lane_, and others.

Sir _Francis Drake’s_ voyage to the _West-Indies_, wherein were taken the Cities of St. _Jago_, St. _Domingo Cartagena_, and the Town of St. _Augustine_ in _Florida_.

Now (say some) Tobacco was first brought into _England_ by Mr. _Ralph Lane_ out of _Virginia_.

Others will have Tobacco to be first brought into _England_ from _Peru_, by Sir _Francis Drake’s_ Mariners.

Capt. _John Davies_ first voyage to discover the North-west passage, encouraged by Sir _Francis Walsingham_, principal Secretary.

1586.

Mr. _Thomas Candish_ of _Trimely_, in the County of _Suffolk_ Esq, began his voyage in the ship called the _Desire_, and two ships more to the South-Sea through the Streights of _Magellan_ (and from thence round about the circumference of the whole earth) burnt and ransack’d in the entrance of _Chile_, [p. 239.] _Peru_ and _New-Spain_, near the great Island of _Calformia_ in the South-Sea; and returned to _Plimouth_ with a pretious booty 1588. _September_ the Eighth, being the Third since _Magellan_, that circuited the earth, our _English_ voyagers were never out-stript by any.

The Natives in _Virginia_ conspired against the _English_.

The same year Sir _Richard Greenvile_ General of _Virginia_ arrived there with three ships, bringing relief from Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ to the Colony.

Mr. _John Davies_ second voyage to discover the North-west passage.

1587.

Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ sent another Colony of 150 persons under the Government of Mr. _John White_.

Mr. _John Davies_ third voyage to discover the North-west passage.

Sir _Francis Drake_, with four ships took from the _Spaniards_ one million, 189200 Ducats in one voyage.

1588.

Queen _Elizabeth_ opposed her Authority against the Brethrens books and writings.

Sir _Francis Drake_ Vice-Admiral of the _English_ Fleet, the Lord-Admiral bestowed the order of Knight-hood upon Mr. _John_ [p. 240.] _Hawkins_, _Martin Forbisher_ and others, _July_ the Five and twentieth.

The _Spanish Armado_ defeated, consisting of 130 ships, wherein were 19290 Souldiers, 2080 chained Rowers, 2630 great Ordnance, Commanded by _Perezius Guzman_ Duke of _Medina Sedonia_, and under him _Johannes Martinus Recaldus_ a great Seaman; The Fleet coming on like a half-moon, the horns of the front extending one from the other about 7 miles asunder, it was preparing 15 years, and was blackt to make it seem more terrible.

1589.

The _Portingal_ voyage under the conduct of Sir _Francis Drake_.

Mr. _Thomas Candish_ now finished his voyage about the world, as some will have it.

1590.

Now Tobacco first used in _England_, as some will have it.

1591.

The first _Englishman_ that ever was in the _Bermuduze_ or _Summer-Islands_, was one _Henry May_.

The voyage of Capt. _Newport_ to the _West-Indies_, where upon the coast of _Hispaniola_, he took and burnt three Towns, and Nineteen sail of ships and Frigats.

Mr. _Thomas Candish_ last voyage, in which he dyed.

1593.

[p. 241.] Sir _Martin Frobisher_ Commander of the _English_ Fleet slain in the quarrel of _H._ King of _Navarr_.

The last voyage of Sir _Francis Drake_, and Sir _John Hawkins_ to the _West-Indies_ with six ships of the Queens, and twelve other ships and Barks containing 2400 men and boyes, in which voyage they both dyed, and Sir _Francis Drake’s_ Coffen was thrown over board near _Porto bello_.

1594.

Sir _Robert Duddeley’s_ voyage to _Trinadad_, and the coast of _Paria_.

Mr. _James Lancasters_ voyage to _Fernambuck_ the port Town of _Olinda_ in _Brazil_, in which voyage he took 29 ships and Frigats, surprized the said port Town, and there found the Cargazon or fraught of a rich _Indian Carack_, which together with great abundance of Sugars and Cottons he brought from thence; lading therewith fifteen sail of tall ships and barks.

1595.

The voyage of Sir _Amias Preston_, & Capt. _George Sommers_ to the _West-Indies_, where they took, sackt, spoiled and abandoned the Island of _Puerto Santo_, the Island of _Cock_ near [p. 242.] _Margarita_, the Fort and Town of _Coro_, the stately City of St. _Jago de leon_, and the Town of _Cumana_ ransomed, and _Jamaica_ entered.

Sir _Walter Rawleigh’s_ voyage now to _Guiana_, discovered by him. In which voyage he took St. _Joseph_ a Town upon _Trinidado_.

The _Sabbatarian_ doctrine published by the Brethren.

1596.

The voyage to _Cadez_, Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ Rere-Admiral.

The voyage of Sir _Anthony Sherley_ intended for the Island of St. _Tome_, but performed to St. _Jago_, _Dominga_, _Margarita_, along the coast of _Terra Firma_ to the Island of _Jamaica_, situated between 17 and 18 degrees of the North-poles elevation (which he conquered, but held it not long) from thence to the bay of _Hondurus_, 30 leagues up _Rio dolce_, and homeward by _New-found-land_.

1597.

The voyage to the _Azores_, Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ Capt. of the Queens Guard Rere-Admiral.

_Porto Rico_, taken by the Earl of _Cumberland_.

1599.

The Grand _Canary_ taken by the _Dutch_ Commander _Vanderdoes_.

1600.

[p. 243.] The Colonies in _Virginia_ supplyed by publick purse.

1602.

Queen _Elizabeth_ dyed _March_ the Four and twentieth.

King _James_ began to Raign.

The North parts of _Virginia_, i. e. _New-England_ further discovered by Capt. _Bartholomew Gosnold_, some will have him to be the first discoverer.

Capt. _George Weymouth’s_ voyage to discover the North-west passage.

Divers of our _English_ in the North of _England_ entered into a Covenant of worshipping of God.

1603.

King _James_ came into _England_, the fifth of _April_.

Monsieur _Champlains_ voyage to _Canada_.

_November_ the seventeenth Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ Arraigned and Condemned.

1604.

Monsieur _du Point_ and _du Monts_ voyage to _Canada_.

1605.

Monsieur _du Point_ and _du Monts_ remove the _French_ habitation to _Port-Royal_.

_James Halle’s_ voyage to _Groenland_, and to find out the North-west passage.

1606.

[p. 244.] The province of _Main_ possessed by the _English_ by publick Authority King _James_, Sir _John Popham_, &c.

A Colony first sent to _New-England_ by Sir _John Popham_ chief Justice of the Common pleas.

_James-town_ founded in _Virginia_.

_James Halls_ second voyage, to find out the North-west passage.

Mr. _John Knight_ his North-west voyage, lost his ship sunk by the Ice.

A Colony sent to _Virginia_, called by the _Indians Wingandacoa_, the first that took firm possession there.

1607.

_Plimouth_ Plantation in _New-England_ attempted.

St. _Georges_ Fort built at the mouth of the River _Sagadahoc_, under the Presidency of Capt. _George Popham_ and Capt. _Ralph Gilbert_, who built the Fort.

_James Halls_ third voyage to find out the North-west passage.

_Hudsons_ first voyage to find out the North-west passage.

1608.

_Virginia_ planted.

A Colony sent to _New-found-land_.

[p. 245.] Capt. _John Smith_ fished now for _Whales_ at _Monhiggen_.

_Hudsons_ second voyage to the North-west met a _Mermaid_ in the Sea. That there be such Creatures see _Plinie_, _Albertus Magnus_, _Aristotle_, _Elian_, _Theodorus Gaza_, _Alexander_ of _Alexandria_, _Gorgius Trapozensus_, _Jul. Scaliger_, _Stows Annals in_ Anno Dom. 1204. at _Oreford_ in _Suffolk_ a _Mareman_ taken.

1609.

Sir _Thomas Gales_ and Sir _George Summers_ going to _Virginia_, suffered shipwrack upon the _Bermudos-Islands_ where they continued till 1610.

_Hudsons_ third voyage to _New-found-land_ discovered _Mohegan_-River in _New-England_.

The _Dutch_ set down by _Mohegan_-River.

1610.

Capt _Whitburns_ voyage to discover the North-west passage, saw a _Mermaid_ in the harbour of St. _Johns_ at _New-found-land_ by the River side.

_Hudsons_ last and fatal voyage to discover the North-west passage, where he was frozen to death.

_Dales-gift_ founded in _Virginia_.

Sundry of the _English_ nation removed out of the North of _England_ into the _Netherlands_, and gathered a Church at _Leyden_, where they continued until the year 1620.

1611.

[p. 246.] Sir _Thomas Dale_ Governour of _Virginia_.

The famous Arch-Pirate _Peter Easton_.

1612.

_Bermudus_ first planted, and Mr. _R. Moore_ sent over Governour, the first that planted a Colony in the _Bermudus_.

_James Halls_ fourth voyage to discover the North-west passage, was slain by the Savages.

Capt. _Buttons_ voyage to discover the North-west passage.

1613.

_Port-Royal_ destroyed by Sir _Samuel Argol_ Governour of _Virginia_.

Mr. _John Rolf_ a Gentleman of good behaviour fell in love with _Pocahontas_, the only Daughter of _Powhaton_ a King in _Virginia_ and married her, she was Christened and called the Lady _Rebecca_, and dyed at _Gravesend_ _Anno Dom._ 1617. Sir _Lewis Stukely_ brought up her Son _Thomas Rolf_.

1614.

_Bermudus_ planted further.

_Powhatons_ Daughter in _Virginia_ Christened _Rebecca_.

Capt. _Gibbins_ voyage to find out the North-west passage.

_New-Netherlands_ began to be planted [p. 247.] upon _Mohegan_-River, Sir _Samuel Argol_ routed them.

1615.

Sir _Richard Hawkins_ voyage into those parts of _New-England_.

1616.

Capt. _Gibbins_ second voyage to find out the North-west passage.

A new supply sent by Capt. _Daniel Tucker_ to the _Bermudus_.

_Pocahontas_ and Mr. _Rolf_ her Husband went for _England_ with Sir _Thomas Dale_, and arrived at _Plimouth_ the 12 of _June_.

1617.

Sir _Walter Rawleighs_ last and unfortunate voyage to _Guiana_, where he took St. _Thome_ the only Town of _Guiana_ possessed by the _Spaniards_.

1618.

The Comet or blazing-star whose motion was by some observed to be from East to West.

1619.

Sir _Walter Rawleigh_ beheaded in the Parliament yard.

_Bermudus-Islands_ divided into Tribes and Cantreds, to each tribe a Burrough.

1620.

The _English_ in _Virginia_ divided into several Burroughs.

1620.

[p. 248.] Letters Patents obtained from King _James_ for the Northern part of _Virginia_ i. e. _New-England_.

In _July_ sundry of the _English_ set sail from _Holland_ for _Southampton_.

_August_ the fift, they set sail from _Southampton_ for _America_, and arrived the Eleventh of _November_ at _Cape-Cod_, where they entered into a body politick, and chose one Mr. _John Carver_ their Governour, calling the place where they settled _New-Plimouth_: in _January_ and _February_ following was a mortality among the _English_, which swept away half the Company.

Mrs. _Susanna White_ delivered of a Son at _new-Plimouth_, Christened _Peregrine_; he was the first of the _English_ that was born in _new-England_, and was afterwards the Lieutenant of the Military Company of _Marshfield_ in _Plimouth_ Colony.

_New-Plimouth_ built, the first Town in _new-England_.

_Squanto_ an _Indian_ in _new-England_, carried into _England_ by Mr. _Hunt_ a Master of a Ship, but brought home again by Mr. _Dormer_ a Gentleman imployed by Sir _Ferdinando Gorges_ for discovery.

1621.

[p. 249.] _April_, Mr. _John Carver_ Governour of _new-Plimouth_ dyed, and Mr. _William Brandford_ was chosen Governour.

The Natives in _Virginia_ murdered about 340 _English_.

1622.

The Fort at _new-Plimouth_ built: a great drought this Summer, from _May_ the Third, till the middle of _July_ there was no Rain.

Mr. _Thomas Weston_ Merchant sent over 67 lusty men who settled themselves in a part of the _Massachusets-bay_, now called _Weymouth_.

The order of the Knights of _Novascotia_ ordained by King _James_ Hereditarie, they wear an _Orange_ tawny Ribbin.

Sir _Ferdinando Gorges_ Patent for the province of _Main_ in _New-England_.

The _Dutch_ tortured the _English_ at _Amboina_, 1623.

_Westons_ plantation wholly ruined by their disorders.

Mr. _Robert Gorge_, Sir _Ferdinando Gorges_ Brother arrived in _Plimouth_, and began a Plantation of the _Massachusets-bay_, having Commission from the Council of _New-England_ to be general Governour of the Countrey, carrying over one Mr. _Morrel_ a Minister, [p. 250.] but being discouraged, he returned for _England_.

A fire at _Plimouth_, which did considerable dammage, several of the Inhabitants through discontent and casualties removed into _Virginia_.

Three thousand _English_ now upon the _Bermudus_ ten Forts, and in those ten Forts 50 pieces of Ordnance.

1624.

The number of Magistrates increased to five now at _New-Plimouth_.

The first neat Cattle carried over into _New-England_ to _New-Plimouth_ was three Heifers and a Bull.

1625.

St. _Christophers-Island_ planted now by the _English_ 25 leagues in compass, a great many little Rivers, in 17 degrees and 25 minutes.

King _James_ dyed in 1625, and King _Charles_ the first began his Raign _March_ the seven and twentieth.

1627.

The first distribution of Lands amongst the Inhabitants of _New-Plimouth_.

A Colony of _English_ planted upon the Island of _Barbados_, which in a short time increased to 20000, besides _Negroes_.

1628.

Mr. _John Endicot_ arrived in _New-England_ [p. 251.] with some number of people, and set down first by _Cape-Ann_, at a place called afterwards _Gloster_, but their abiding place was at _Salem_, where they built the first Town in the _Massachusets_ Patent.

The _Indians_ at the _Massachusets_, were at that time by sickness decreased from 30000 to 300.

_Nevis_ or _Mevis_ planted now by the _English_ 3 or 4000 upon it.

Mr. _Morton_ of _Merrimount_ taken prisoner by the _Massachusets_, and sent into _England_.

1629.

Three ships arrived at _Salem_ bringing a great number of passengers from _England_; infectious diseases amongst them.

Mr. _Endicot_ chosen Governour.

Mr. _Higginson_, Mr. _Skelton_ and Mr. _Bright_ Ministers arrived, upon the fift of _August_ was the first Church in the _Massachusets_ Colony gathered at _Salem_, from which year to this present year is 45 years, in the compass of these years in this Colony, there hath been gathered forty Churches, and 120 Towns built in all the Colonies of _New-England_.

The Church of _new-Plimouth_, was planted in _New-England_ eight years before others.

The book of Common-prayer pleaded [p. 252.] for, and practised in _Massachusets_ Colony by two of the Patentees, but was at last prohibited by the Authority there.

1630.

The Tenth of _July_, _John Winthorp_ Esq; and the Assistants arrived in _New-England_, with the Patent for the _Massachusets_, they landed on the North-side of _Charles_ River, with him went over Mr. _Thomas Dudley_, Mr. _Isaac Johnson_, Esquires; Mr. _John Wilson_, Mr. _George Philips_, Mr. _Maverich_ (the Father of Mr. _Samuel Maverich_, one of his Majesties Commissioners) Mr. _Wareham_ Ministers.

The passage of the people in the Eagle, and nine other Vessels to _New-England_ came to 9500 pounds. The Swine, Goats, Sheep, Neat and Horses cost to transport 12000 pounds, besides the price they cost. The _Eagle_ was called the _Arabella_ in honour of the Lady _Arabella_, wife to _Isaac Johnson_ Esq; they set down first upon _Noddles-Island_, the Lady _Arabella_ abode at _Salem_.

Mr. _Isaac Johnson_ a Magistrate of the _Massachusets_, and his Lady dyed soon after their arrival.

_John Winthorp_ Esq; chosen Governour, for the remainder of the year, Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ deputy Governour, Mr. _Simon Broadstreet_ Secretary.

[p. 253.] _Charles-town_, the first town built.

Mr. _Higginson_ Teacher of _Salem_ Church dyed.

1630.

A very sharp winter in _New-England_.

1631.

Capt. _John Smith_ Governour of _Virginia_, and Admiral of _New-England_ now dyed in _London_.

_John Winthorp_ Esq; chosen Governour of the _Massachusets_. Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ Deputy Governour.

Sir _Richard Saltingstall_ went for _New-England_, set down at _Water-town_.

Five Churches gathered this year, the first at _Boston_ Mr. _John Wilson_ Pastor, the second at _Water-town_, by Mr. _Philips_, the third at _Dorchester_ by Mr. _Maverick_ and Mr. _Wareham_, the fourth at _Roxbury_ by Mr. _Eliot_, the fifth at _Linn_ by Mr. _Stephen Batcheler_ their first Teacher.

Dr. _Wilson_ gave 1000 pound to _New-England_, with which they stored themselves with great Guns.

1632.

_John Winthorp_ chosen Governour, Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ Deputy Governour.

Sir _Christopher Gardiner_ descended of the house of _Gardiner_ Bishop of _Winchester_, Knighted at _Jerusalem_ of the Sepulcher, [p. 254.] arrived in _New-England_ with a comely young woman his Concubine, settled himself in the Bay of _Massachusets_, was rigidly used by the Magistrates, and by the Magistrates of _New-Plimouth_ to which place he retired.

A terrible cold winter in _New-England_.

1633.

Mr. _Edward Winslow_ chosen Governour of _New-Plimouth_.

The number of Magistrates at _New-Plimouth_ increase to seven.

An infectious feaver amongst the Inhabitants of _New-Plimouth_, whereof many dyed.

Mr. _John Winthorp_ chosen Governour of the _Massachusets_ Colony, Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ Deputy Governour.

Mr. _Thomas Hooker_, _Mr. Hains_ and Mr. _Cotton_ Ministers arrived in _New-England_ all in one ship, and Mr. _Stone_ and Mr. _William Collier_ a liberal Benefactor to the Colony of _New-Plimouth_.

Mr. _John Cotton_ chosen Teacher of the first Church at _Boston_.

A Church at _Cambridge_ gathered by Mr. _Thomas Hooker_ their first Pastor.

Great swarms of strange flyes up and down the Countrey, which was a presage of the following mortality.

1634.

[p. 255.] Mr. _Thomas Prince_ chosen Governour of _New-Plimouth_.

Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ chosen Governour of the _Massachusets_ Colony, and Mr. _Roger Ludlow_ Deputy-Governour.

The Countrey now was really placed in a posture of War, to be in readiness at all times.

In the Spring a great sickness among the _Indians_, by the small pox.

The _Pequets_ War with the _Narragansets_.

Mr. _Skelton_ Pastor to the Church at _Salem_ dyed.

Mr. _John Norton_, and Mr. _Thomas Shepherd_ arrive in _New-England_.

A Church gathered at _Ipswich_, the first Pastor Mr. _Nathaniel Ward_.

A Church gathered at _Newberry_.

Capt. _Stone_ turn’d Pirate, at the _Dutch_ plantation.

The cruel Massacre of Capt. _Stone_ and Capt. _Norton_ at _Connecticut-River_, by the Pequet _Indians_.

1635.

Mr. _John Haines_ chosen Governour of the _Massachusets_ Colony, Mr. _Richard Bellingham_ Deputy Governour.

Mr. _Zachary Sims_ arrived in _New-England_, and Mr. _Richard Bellingham_.

[p. 256.] This year Eleven Ministers arrived in _New-England_.

Mr. _Norton_ Teacher at _Ipswich_, Mr. _Richard Mather_ Teacher at _Dorchester_.

Sir _Henry Vain_ Junior, arrived in _New-England_, Mr. _Richard Saltingstal_, Sir _Richard Saltingstal’s_ Son, Mr. _Roger Harlackenden_, and _Hugh Peters_.

_Hugh Peters_ chosen Pastor of _Salem_.

A Church at _Hartford_ in the Colony of _Connecticut_ now gathered.

Mr. _William Bradford_ chosen Governour of _New-Plimouth_.

Capt. _William Gorges_, Sir _Ferdinando Gorges_ Nephew sent over Governour of the province of _Main_, then called new _Sommersetshire_.

Saturday the 15 of _August_, an Hurrican or mighty storm of wind and rain, which did much hurt in _New-England_.

1636.

Sir _Henry Vane_ Junior, Governour of the _Massachusets_ Colony, _John Winthorp_ Esq; Deputy Governour, Mr. _Roger Harlackenden_ leader of their military Forces.

Mr. _Edward Winslow_ a _Worcestershire_ man born, chosen Governour of _new-Plimouth_ Colony.

_Connecticut_ Colony planted.

Mr. _John Oldham_ murthered in his Barque by the _Indians_ of _Block-Island_.

[p. 257.] A Church gathered at _Hingham_, Mr. _Peter Hubbord_ arrived now in _New-England_ Teacher at _Hingham_.

Mr. _Flint_, Mr. _Carter_, Mr. _Walton_, Ministers arrived now in _New-England_.

Mr. _Fenwich_, Mr. _Partrick_, Mr. _Nathaniel Rogers_, and Mr. _Samuel White_, arrived now in _New-England_.

A General Court held at _Boston_ against Mrs. _Hutchinson_ the _American_ Jezabel, _August_ the 30. where the opinions and errors of Mrs. _Hutchinson_ and her Associats 80 errors were condemned.

A Counsel at _New-town_ about the same business _October_ the second, and at _Boston_ again.

1637.

Mr. _William Bradford_ chosen Governour of _New-Plimouth_ Colony.

Mr. _John Wenthorp_ chosen Governour of _Massachusets_ Colony, Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ chosen Deputy Governour.

_New-haven_ Colony began now, Mr. _Eaton_ chosen Governour, _John Davenport_ Pastor.

Mr. _Hopkins_ arrived now in _New-England_.

A second Church gathered at _Dedham_, Mr. _John Allen_ Pastor.

The Pequets wars, in which war the _English_ slew and took prisoners about 700 _Indians_, [p. 258.] amongst which 13 of their _Sachems_ to the great terror of the Natives, they sent the male children of the _Pequets_ to the _Bermudus_.

This year the _Antinomian_ and _Familistical_ errors were broached in the Countrey, especially at _Boston_.

A Synod called, which condemned these errors.

A General Court held at _New-town_ against Mrs. _Hutchinson_ and the rest.

Mrs. _Hutchinson_ and others banished by the Magistrates of the _Massachusets_ Colony.

A hideous monster born at _Boston_ of one Mrs. _Mary Dyer_.

Sir _Henry Vane_ and the Lord _Lee_ returned for _England_.

The Ministers that went for _New-England_ chiefly in the ten first years, ninety four, of which returned for _England_ twenty seven, dyed in the Countrey thirty six, yet alive in the Countrey thirty one.

The number of ships that transported passengers to _New-England_, in these times was 298 supposed: men, women and children as near as can be ghessed 21200.

The _Spaniards_ took the Island of _Providence_, one of the Summer-Islands from the English.

1638.

[p. 259.] Mr. _Thomas Prince_ chosen Governour of _new Plimouth_ Colony.

Mr. _John Winthorp_ chosen Governour of the _Massachusets_ Colony, Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ Deputy Governour.

A Church now gathered at _Waymouth_, Mr. _Gennor_ Pastor, Mr. _Newman_ succeeded Mr. _Thomas Thatcher_.

Three _English_ men put to death at _Plimouth_ for robbing and murthering an _Indian_ near _Providence_.

_June_ the second a great and terrible earthquake throughout the Countrey.

_Samuel Gorton_ of _Warwick-shire_, a pestilent seducer, and blasphemous Atheist, the Author of the Sects of _Gortinians_, banish’d _Plimouth_ plantation, whipt and banished from Road-Island, banisht the _Massachusets_ Colony.

Now they set up a Printing-press at _Boston_ in the _Massachusets_.

This year came over Mr. _William Thompson_, Mr. _Edmund Brown_, Mr. _David Frisk_.

Mr. _John Harvard_ the founder of _Harvard_ Colledge at _Cambridge_ in the _Massachusets_ Colony, deceased, gave 700 pound to the erecting of it.

1639.

[p. 260.] Mr. _William Bradford_ chosen Governour of _new-Plimouth_ Colony.

Mr. _John Winthorp_ chosen Governour of the _Massachusets_ Colony, Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ Deputy Governour.

Mr. _Higginson_ Teacher at _Salem_ Church, _Skelton_ pastor, and an exhorting Elder. This was the first Church gathered in the _Massachusets_ Colony, and it increased to 43 Churches in joynt Communion with one another, and in these Churches were about 7750 souls.

Mr. _Herbert Pelham_ now arrived in _New-England_.

A Church gathered at _Hampton_, Mr. _Daulton_ pastor, and Mr. _Batcheler_ Teacher.

Another Church gathered at _Salisbury_.

_October_ the Eleventh and Twelfth, the _Spanish_ Navy was set upon by the _Hollander_ in the _Downs_, they were in all 60 sail, the _Spaniards_ were beaten.

A very sharp winter in _New-England_.

1640.

Mr. _William Bradford_ chosen Governour of _new-Plimouth_ Colony.

Mr. _Thomas Dudley_ chosen Governour of the _Massachusets_ Colony, and Mr. _Richard Bellingham_ Deputy Governour.

[p. 261.] Civil Wars began in _England_.

Mr. _Huet_ Minister arrived in _New-England_, Mr. _Peck_ and Mr. _Saxton_.

A Church gathered at _Braintree_, Mr. _Wheelright_ pastor.

Mr. _Henry Dunster_ arrived in _New-England_.

1641.

Mr. _William Bradford_ chosen Governour of _new-Plimouth_ Colony.

Mr. _Richard Bellingham_ chosen Governour of the _Massachusets_ Colony, Mr. _John Endicot_ Deputy.

A Church gathered at _Glocester_ in the _Massachusets_ Colony.