Chapter M: MALLARD, duck, te-nuek-sen

MAMMALS:
Bat, klat-li-pi-a-huen.
Bear, black, s'chi-kwaitsh.
Bear, grizzly, kwai-it-shin.
Beaver, ske-yau.
Buffalo, kwaisp.
Cougar, kan-et'sap.
Deer, h[=o]pt, sme-yis.
Dog, ska-ha.
Elk, kai-yetsh.
Goat, mountain, swet-le.
Hare, rabbit, ka-kait-se.
Lynx, tsat-sats.
Mink, mis-tcho.
Mouse, skwa'tuen.
Musk rat, skuelkh-kuet'lkh.
Land otter, ska'atl.
Sea otter, tuem'mues.
Seal, aess'hu.
Skunk, smat-s'n.
Squirrel (_sciurus_), sp-si-y[=u]t-s'n;
(_tamias_), ha-hai-yu-wetsh.
Wolf, sta'ching.
Whale, ch-whe-yu.

MAN, swe-ka; _plur._ swe-yi-ka;
_young man_, swe-w[=u]s;
_old man_, kwilt-chak.

MANY, ng' _u_nn;
_many men_, ng' uengt' swe-yi-ka.

MAT, _of round rushes_ (_tule_), taks-lats'hu;
_flat do._ (_cat's tail_), su-ya-atsh, kai-nim;
_cedar bark_, tsuem'muet.

MAT NEEDLE, ho-k'h_u_n.

MEDICINE, s'tai-ing-hu.

MEDICINE MAN, _magician or doctor_, s'hu-n[=a]m.

MIDDLE, ets-tong-en.

MILK, skueb-o.

MINK, mis'tcho.

MISS _a mark_, _to_, tang-uen;
_miss the road_, _to_, ti-takh.

MISTAKE, _to_, _in speech_, ti-takh.

MOCCASINS, kluek'shin.

MOLLUSCS, ETC.:
Barnacle, ts[=o]ngt.
Clams, quahog (_Venus_), ski-he-yu;
large (_Lutraria_), swa'-huem;
blue striated, skuek-hlai.
Cockle (_cardium_), skle-y[=o]m.
Hai-kwa (_Dentalium_), klets-chin.
Mussel, to'yuek.
Oyster, klokh-klokh.
Scallop (_pecten_), na'na.
Sea egg (_echinus_), skwet-si.

MOON, kl-kaitsh.

MORNING, kwa-tchi.

MOSQUITO, pwaik-sen.

MOTHER, t[=a]n.

MOUNTAIN, h'kwi-etsh.

MOUSE, skwa-tuen.

MOUTH, tsu'ts'n.

MUSK RAT, skuelkh-kuet'lkh.

MUSSEL, _the small blue_, to'yuek.

MY SISTER, na ais;
_my house_, na ai-yueng;
_my things_, n's-kwa-na-akw.

MYTHOLOGY:
No-kwe-m[)a]tl _or_ Do-kwe-b[)a]tl, _the principal supernatural being,
corresponding to_ Ikani _of the Chinooks_.
S'hui-ab, _the primal or demon race_.
S'hu-n[=a]m, _magic or medicine_.
Te-y[=u]tl-ma, _the genius of good fortune_.
Hun-ha-ne-ti, _a performance of conjuring or "tama-nous" (Chinook), known
to the Nisquallies as_ s'hi-na, _in which it is pretended that the
person initiated is killed and then restored to life_.

N.

NAME, s'da.

NAILS, ts'sh[=u]ts.

NEAR, klat-le-a-ke.

NEEDLE, chat-suen.

NECK, h[=o]ng-en.

NEW, hau-us, k'hau-os.

NIGHT, s'nat'.

NINE, t[=o]kw, t'kwai-ya, t'kwait-hu.

NONE, a-wuen-na, au-wuets-an.

NOON, k'e-yit.

NOSE, nuek'sn.

NOW, ti-a-no.

NUMERALS:
_Simple Cardinals--_
1, nit'zo.
2, chis'sa.
3, klekhw.
4, ng-os.
5, kl-katcht
6, t'hung.
7, ts[=o]ks.
8, tats.
9, t[=o]kw.
10, o-pen.

_Personal Cardinals--_
1, nat-so.
2, cha-sa.
3, kl-whai-ya.
4, ni-sai-ya.
5, kl-kuet-shai-ya.
6, tuekh-ueng-ai-ya.
7, tsakw-tsai-ya.
8, tats-sai-ya.
9, t'kwai-ya.
10, o-pen-ai.

_Cardinals of Valuation--_
1, n'sakt'hu.
2, n'shait-hu.
3, kl-whait-hu.
4, nu-sait-hu.
5, kl-kuet-shait-hu.
6, tuekh-hueng-ait-hu.
7, tsak-sait-hu.
8, tats-hait-hu.
9, t-kwait-hu.
10, o-pen-ait-hu.
11, o-pen it nitzo.
12, o-pen i'tchues-sa.
20, t's-kwuess.
30, h'l-l[=u]tl-sha.
100, na-tcho-wuetsh.
1000, p'ne-itsh.

O.

OLD, snuek-ai.

OLD MAN, kwil'tchuek;
_old woman_, kwil'tchuek sla-ni.

ONE, nit'zo, nat'so, n'sakt-hu.

OTTER, _land_, ska-atl;
_sea_, tuem'-mus.

OULAKAN, _a small fish_, klais.

OUT DOORS, as-saktl'.

OYSTER, klokh-klokh.

OFF SHORE, tsat-so.

P.

PADDLE, _a_, h[=o]ng-uet.

PADDLE, _to_, ist.

PEOPLE, tl-stai-ing-hu, ats-il-tai-ing-hu.

PENIS, shel'la.

PIGEON, huem-okh.

PIPE, pa-akw.

PITCH, tche-uek.

PLANK, se-y't-hu.

PLANTS, ETC.:
Barberry (_berberis_), she-tchin.
Berries (_generic_), s'cha-yuek-w'tl.
Bilberry, ye-hun.
Grass, s'hats-ai.
used for mat thread, kluetl.
Kamass (_squilla_), k'whlo-i.
Rush, cat-tail, kwo-[=o]t.
Sallal (_Gualtheria_), tak'a.
Salmon berry, al-e'lo.
Strawberry, te-yuekw.
Tobacco, sma-nash.

POINT _or end_, elk'hs.

POUND, _to_, _as grain_, tsuet.

POUR, _to_, kwi-yet'.

PORPOISE, s'h[=u]-ma-hens.

PRAIRIE, spelh'han.

PREGNANT, as-kwa-kwai.

PRESENTLY, kwa-kwat-hu.

PRONOUNS:
I, _absolute_, uet'za;
_copulative, prefixed to a verb_, ats;
_suffixed to do._, suen, sen, sin.
My, na, n's, n, n'skwai.
Thou, nuekw;
_copulative prefixed_, chin;
_suffixed_, hu;
_or in the imperative_, chi.
He, _if present_, tsa-nuekw;
_absent_, netl.
We, nueng'l, kl-ning'uetl.
Ye, nuekw, kl-nuekw.
They, kwas'sa, tsa-ta.

PRONGS OF FISH GIG, sta-whai-uets.

PUSH, _to_, ch[=o]ng-uet.

Q.

QUICK, _come quick!_ a-atl.

R.

RAIN, _to_, s'lem'hu.

RAKE, _v._, _to take small fish with a rake_, tluet'a-men.

RAVEN, sku-to.

RED, uen-tsuekw', an-nu-tsuek'o.

RELATIONS, nis-cha-cha.

RELATIONSHIPS:
Father, i-ai-in.
Mother, tan.
Grandfather, se-ya, tchuet.
Grandmother, se-ya.
Son, my, nueng-uen'na.
Daughter, my, nueng-uen'na.
Husband, my, n'swe-yi-ka.
Wife, my, n'sla-ni.
Brother, elder, s[=u]t-ho-nuek.
younger, sai-tchin.
Sister, elder, s[=u]t-ho-nuek.
younger, ais.

RETURN, _to_, ho-we-yueng.

RHODODENDRON, kwalt-heltsh.

RIVER, sto-a-wi.

ROAST, _by the fire_, chuek-[=o]ts.

ROPE, hwe-luem.

ROTTEN, _as wood_, tsa-kong;
_as fruit_, skwang'uetst.

RUSH, _cat-tail_, kwo-[=o]t.

RUN, _I_, skwa-nueng-uet'sen.

S.

SALLAL BERRIES, tak-a.

SALMON:
_S. quinnat_, kwit'shin.
_S. truncatus_, kluet'shin.
_S. Scouleri_, kuetch'kues.
_S. proteus_, huen'nuen.
_S. (undetermined)_, met-hlets.
_S. canis_, kl'whai.
_S. Campbelli_, kwatcht.

SALMON ROE, kai-yuekh'.

SALMON BERRIES, al-e-lo.

SALT, klatl.

SAND, pe-kwuet-chin.

SAND PIPER (_tringa_), ske-uks.

SCALLOP (_pecten_), na-na.

SCULPIN, swan-itl.

SEA, kl-lalts.

SEA FOWL, mo-[=o]k.

SEAL, aess'hu.

SEAL'S BLADDER, ts-so.

SEASONS:
Spring, tclin-es-hwo-as.
Summer, kla-te-kuem, tchin-e-si.
Autumn, tchin-so-le.
Winter, kla-tchi.

SEAT, _the_, klo-wuek.

SEE, _to_, kwuen't.

SEVEN, ts[=o]ks, tsaekw-tsai-ya, tsaek-sait-hu.

SEW, _to_, chit-seng-uet-sen.

SEINE, so-yuek.

SHADOW, nu-kwa-ku-no-sing, ka-katl.

SHARK, kla-yuek-a-tet-s'n.

SHARP, ai-y[=u]ts.

SHIRT, sli-poi-kuet;
_woollen do._, sno-weks.

SHOES, kwuet-le-shin.

SHOULDER, tse-a-kwuen.

SHORT, chai-yetl.

SICK, as-hatl'h;
_I am sick_, as-hatl'h-sen.

SING, _to_, te-yuem'tsen.

SISTER, _elder_, s[=u]t-ho-nuek;
_do. younger_, ais.

SIT, _to_, a-muet.

SIX, t'hueng, tuekh-hueng-ai-ya, tuekh-hueng-ait-hu.

SKATE, _fish_, ka-kaukh.

SKUNK, smat-s'n.

SKY, tsit-sl.

SKIN, ko-wi.

SLAVE, skwe-its.

SLEEP, _to_, et-tuet-sen.

SMALL, kl[=o]t-la, ma-ma-min.

SMOKE, sp-k[=o]ng.

SNAKE, swa-huet-si.

SNEEZE, _to_, ha-sueng.

SQUIRREL (_Sciurus_), sp'si'yut-sen;
(_Tamias_), ha-hai-yu-wetsh.

SPEAK, _to_, kwai-it-sen.

SPEAR FISH, _to_, te-chut.

SPEAR, _pronged, for birds_, tso-kwuen, s'h[=o]m.

SPLIT, cha-y[=u]ts.

SPOON, klae-mueks.

SPRING, chin-es-hwo-as.

STAND, _to_, tsit-lueng.

STAR, te-to-se-na.

STEAL, _to_, kan.

STONE, s'nangt.

STOP, ho-i;
_stop talking_ (_imp._), suem-mo'h-tchi.

STORY, yet-suem.

STRANGER, natsh.

STRAWBERRIES, te-yuekw.

STRIKE, _to_, ko-cht.

STRONG, kuem-kuem'.

STURGEON, kw'tait-sin.

SUN, s[=u]-shat'sht.

SUMMER, kla-te-kuem, tchin-e-si.

SURF, skw-lai-ya-kan.

SWIM, _to_, tueng-[=o]ng.

T.

TAKE, _to_, kl-kwuet'.

TEETH, tchin'nis.

TELL THE TRUTH, _to_ (_1st pers._), as-kla'w-chin skwai.

TEN, o-pen, o-pen-ai, o-pen-ait-hu.

TESTICLES, ng'at-suen.

THAT THING (_the there_), ta-sai-ya.

THERE, ta-sai-ya;
_I go there_, [=o]ts-na ta-sai-ya.

THEY, kwas'sa, tsa-ta.

THICK, _as a plank_, ch'hluet'.

THIN, _as paper_, cha-chuem-e.

THIRSTY, _I am_, kwa-kwai-ing-sen.

THOU, nuekw.

THOUSAND, p'ne'itsh.

THREE, klekhw, kl-hwai-ya, kl-hwait-hu.

THROW AWAY, _to_, kwa-nues.

THUNDER, ats-a-kwuetl.

TIDE, _high_, tueng;
_low_, sueng-[=o]t-sen.

TIE, _to_, ke-a-kuet.

TOAD FISH (_cottus_), s'chem-[=u]k'h.

TOBACCO, sma-nash.

TO-DAY, te-a-skwa-tchi, ai-e-nuek.

TOES, kl-ta-s'n.

TOGETHER, _two_, cha-sa.

TO-MORROW, kwa-tchi.

TO-NIGHT, as-nat'.

TONGUE, tikh'hw'lts.

TOWARDS SHORE, chai-yuekw.

TRAIL _or road_, so'tl.

TREE, ski-kai-ai-yu.

TRENCHER _or wooden dish_, klo-ta.

TROUT, k'hu-ma-muen.

TROWSERS, no-suen'ten.

TRUE, as-kla-wtl.

TWO, chis'sa, cha-sa, n'shait-hu.

U.

UNDER, ki-tcha-wtl.

UNDERSTAND, _do you?_ huet-chit'[=u]ts-hu.

UP, te-yit.

UPSET, kwai-kwi.

W.

WALK, _to_, shtueng.

WANT, _to_, n[=u]s-kle.

WARM, kla-te-kuen.

WARRIOR, ns'chang-kuen.

WASH _the face_, _to_, n[=u]t-sa-ko-sen;
_wash the clothes_, _to_, tsa-kweng-uetl.

WATER, ko.

WATERFALL, tset-sil-sto-a-wi.

WAVES, n'kai-nuekh, s'cho-ilts.

WE, kl-ning'uetl.

WEIR, _for fish_, sw'klatl.

WHALE, ch'whe-yu.

WHAT? stang;
_what do you want?_ stang chins-kle;
_what are you doing?_ stang chin-chai;
_what is your name?_ stang chins-na;
_what is that?_ stang ta-sai-ya.

WHERE? ta-hen;
_where do you come from?_ cha-hen-tin sta-chi;
_where do you go?_ twents-hu.

WHISTLE, _to_, n[=u]s-kwi-o-sueng.

WHITE, puek'h.

WHITE MEN, hwa-ne-tuem.

WHO? tsan;
_who is that?_ tsan ta-sai-ya.

WIND, s't'ch[=u]ng;
_North wind_, kais-hwu;
_South wind_, skangt, skang'uet.

WIFE, _my_, n-sla-a-ni.

WINGS, skl-kai-ai.

WINTER, kla-chi.

WITHIN, _inside_, es-che-yu.

WOLF, sta-ching.

WOMAN, sla-ni.

WOOD, _dead_, kwuet-lai.

WORK OR DO, _to_, chai;
_I work_, ats chai _or_ chait-sen;
_thou workest_, nuek'w chai _or_ chai-uets-hu;
_he works_, kw'sa chai;
_we work_, nueng'l tsa-chai;
_ye work_, nuek'w't-sa ai-a-chai;
_they work_, tsa-tsa chi'chai.

WORTHLESS, tl-whi-os.

WRIST, s'h[=o]ts-kwats.

WRITE, s'he-ikh.

Y.

YAWN, _to_, we-uks.

YE, kl-nuekw';
_all ye_, nuekw' huen'na.

YELLOW, an-nu-kwai-kwai.

YES, a-ah.

YESTERDAY, chi-ak-kl.

YOUNG MAN, swe-wus.

YOUR, n'skwa;
_your house_, n'skwa n'ai-yueng.

LOCAL NOMENCLATURE

OF THE CLALLAM TRIBE.

S'ng-o. A river running into the Strait of Fuca, above Neah Bay.

Ok-ho. Another river near the last.

Klat-la-was. A village on the Strait.

Pisht'st. Village at Canel River, Pillar Point.

Kwa-ha-mish. Fishing Station at Lyre River.

El-wha. The village at the mouth of the Elkwa, west of Port Angeles.

Tsi-whit'zen, Yin'nis. Villages at Port Angeles.

Stet-lum. Village at New Dungeness.

Shkwin. Village at Sequim Bay.

Ka-kaitl or Skwa-kwel. Village at Port Discovery.

Ka-tai. Lower village on Port Townshend.

Chem'a-kum. Village site at head of do.

VOCABULARY OF THE LUMMI.

A.

ABOVE, se-suk'tl.

ADZE, s'chuem'muen.

AFRAID, sai-sin.

AFTER, il-kwa-wues.

ALDER, skwang-l'tch.

ALIVE, hal-ikh, hal-le.

ALL, makw, mokw.

ALWAYS, wai, wa-hai, o-wai-la;
_always so_, wa-hai-yu shueng angs.

ANGRY, kwin-tuen.

ARM, ta'lo;
_my arm_, n'ta'lo;
_right arm_, si-lae-me'[=u]s;
_left arm_, suk-kwe'[=u]s.

ARROW, yitcht.

ASHES, kwai-chp.

AT, _to be at_, lae-si _or_ lak-si;
_he is at Lummi_, lae-si la N[=u]kh-luem'mi.
_See also "live," "be."_

AXE, ku'kuem. (kuem-muet, _to chop_.)

B.

BACK, _the_, stas-kwitl.

BAD, h'aes, s'haes.

BAG _or sack_, chu-kwal'.

BAIL A BOAT, _to_, chi-kwast;
(_in Simiamoo_), kwuel'luet.

BALD, ko'a-lekw.

BARK, _of the fir_, chuel'li;
_of the cedar_, sl-kwuem'.

BASKET, _potato basket_, kl-paek;
_load basket_, s'pi-chae;
_small basket_, pep-chaelkh.

BEADS, _large blue kind_, shkwe'-kwuen;
_small white do._, tsuets-huet;
_small green beads_, tchi-kwuel-lekh'.

BE, _to_, _See "at," "live."_
_It is in the house_, lak-si a-lung.

BEAR, _black_, schuet'huen;
_grizzly_, kwe'chin.

BEARD, kwin's'n;
_moustache_, kwinks.

BEAVER, skuel-lau.

BEFORE (_in point of time_), kwuel-hes-luet-sin.

BELLY, kwuel'la, klaes.

BELOW, klaekhl.

BIRD, _water fowl_, mo'[=o]k;
_small birds_, tsets-at-suem.

BIRDS:
Eagles, golden eagle, kwuel'-lueng-sen;
bald eagle, yuekh-wuel-la.
Hawks, pa-als, tsekhw-tsuekhw, tuel-kwe'mitl, tsi-ha-litsh;
sparrow hawk, sues-so-wak-chil-la.
Owls, great horned owl, che'-tueng-hu;
small owl, kwai-el-hu.
Woodpeckers, logcock, skwuel-luet'tuen;
flicker (_P. Mexic._) tse'a-k't;
small woodpeckers, tsuet-tueng.
Swift (_Cypselus_), kuk-satch.
Kingfisher, sues-she'la.
Robins (_T. Naevius_), kwues-kuek'h;
(_T. Migrat._), tsel-tcha.
Warblers, hu-hwuel-luesh.
Chickadee (_Parus_), ts-ka-yis.
Finches (_generic_), tch-kwa'kwa;
ground robin, tuel-tuelk-si-nuen;
snow finch, tchi-sa-wuetsh.
Wren, te'ti-tuem.
Raven, sku-takh.
Fish Crow, sku-kwa'ta.
Blue Jay, chi-ya.
Magpie, s'huen'nuen.
Pigeon, huem-okh.
Ruffed Grouse, skwuets, skwuets'ha.
Dusky Grouse, ng'e'et.
Sand-hill Crane, slem.
Plover, chit-huen-natsh'.
Oyster Catcher (_hematopus_), swo-kuek.
Yellow-shank Snipe, skuek-ka'-ye.
Beach Birds, small snipe (_?generic_), pel-latsh, skeks.
Curlew, muek-muek-kwa.
Swan, ho'ha-han.
Snow Goose, kla-wuekh-han, kla-hwa'han.
Canada Goose, akh-ha.
Brant (_Bernicla_), huel-huel'tsh, huel-huel'cha.
Mallard (_a. Boschas_), ti-nuek-sen.
Teal (_Nettion_), hues-natch, chil-si'set.
Shoveller (_Spatula_), klel-luek-tuek-sen.
Gadwal (_Chaulelasmus_), shes'-suen-na.
Sea Ducks (_generic_), kwal'-hu.
Golden eye (_Clangula_), huel-huel-luel'o-witl.
Canvass back (_Aythya_), hokh-ko-nitsh.
Spirit Duck (_Albeola_), hekh-kuen-ne, k'k-huen'na.
Merganser (_Mergus Am._), kwa-[=o]kw;
(_Mergus Serrator_), skuem-maetsh.
Cormorant, maes-sitch.
Gulls, large kinds, kwuen-ne;
small kinds, skokh-kwa.
Loons (_Colymbus_), swa'kwuen, hwekhw-kwues.
Grebes (_Podiceps_), sk[=u]l-kuels', hwa'nitsh, hwuet-tis.
Guillemot (_Uria_), sko-kwa-kwuets, ko-k[=o]kh-kuets.

BIRDS, _parts of_:
Beak, nuek'suensh (v. _nose_).
Wing, ki-ka'al, sk-ka-al.
Feathers, stli-pael-kan, stakw.
Quills, stli-kael.
Down, skai-us.
Tail, klap-ai-sin-itsh.
Gall, mues-suns.
Entrails, uek-khes.
Gizzard, s'he'a-kwuens.
Liver, t'ae-kas.
Heart, tsae-li.

BITE, _to_, tsing-ut-tueng.

BLACK, nuek-kikh.

BLANKET, _feather blanket_ (_a native manufacture_), stuem-mo-whitl;
_woollen do._, swa-kwatl;
_white blanket_, pe-kal-kwuet;
_figured do._, nuet-sa'lo-wuet;
_red do._, nu-kwim;
_green do._, nuek-chal-kwuet;
_blue do._, chi-al-kuet;
_large dark blue do._, chil-tal-kwuet.

BLAZE, _to_, hu-ta-ku.

BLIND, klae-litsh.

BLOOD, saes-tchin.

BLOW _with the breath_, _to_, pa'-hwt;
_blow the nose_, _to_, nuek-lueng-sin'na.

BLUE, chi-a-lis;
_pale_, ni-hwekw.

BOARD, _planks_, sel-to.

BOIL, _to_, kwuel-lues'.

BONE, s[=o]m, s'ham.

BORE, _to_, _as with a gimlet_, sluek'-wuet, nuek-sluek'wuet.

BOSOM (_female_), skuem'ma.

BOW, tsa-cha-sen.

BOWSMAN, _of canoe_, he'u.

BOX _or chest_, kla-yueks.

BOY, s'ch-chi-alkh, schi'atl, stet-latkl.

BRACELETS, _of brass wire_, tsa-met-chin.

BREAD, _baked_, tau'uekh.

BREAK, _to_, (_broken_), ti-kwuet-tueng.

BREAST (_chest_), tsueng'uetl.

BRING, _to_, an-akh-hu.

BROAD, nuekh-hwai-uek-w'tl.

BROTHER, _elder_, shi-itlkh;
_younger_, sai-tchin, ni-wha-ka.

BURN, _I_, chuekw' sin;
_it is burning_, ch'yuekw.

BURY, _to_, (_to cache_), as-cha-nuetl.

BUY, _to_, (_to trade or barter_), hwai-uem;
_I want to buy_, nus-whai-yuem, nus-kle-a-kueng suel-kuel'la (nus-kle,
_I wish_).

BYE AND BYE, o-waes-hes.