Chapter XI: The German Idealists 278

IDEALISM AFTER KANT 278
FICHTE, SCHELLING, AND HEGEL 279
MAP SHOWING THE UNIVERSITY TOWNS AND OTHER IMPORTANT
PLACES CONNECTED WITH THE GERMAN IDEALISTS 280
THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF FICHTE (1762–1814) 282
1. His Education (1762–1790) 283
2. Discipleship of Kant (1790–1794) 283
3. His Life at Jena (1794–1799) 284
4. His Life at Berlin (1799–1814) 284
THE INFLUENCES UPON FICHTE’S TEACHING 285
WHY WE PHILOSOPHIZE 286
THE MORAL AWAKENING 287
THE CENTRAL PRINCIPLE IN FICHTE’S PHILOSOPHY 288
THE MORAL WORLD 290
GOD AND MAN 292
WHAT A MORAL REALITY INVOLVES 293
1. It involves the Consciousness of Something Else 293
2. It involves a Contradiction 294
ROMANTICISM 295
GOETHE AS A ROMANTICIST 297
ROMANTICISM IN PHILOSOPHY 299
THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF SCHELLING (1775–1854) 300
1. Earlier Period (1775–1797) 302
2. The Philosophy of Nature (1797–1800) 302
3. The Transcendental Philosophy (1800–1801) 302
4. The Philosophy of Identity (1801–1804) 303
5. The Philosophy of Freedom and God (1804–1809) 303
6. The Philosophy of Mythology and Revelation
(1809–1854) 303
A BRIEF COMPARISON OF FICHTE AND SCHELLING AS
PHILOSOPHERS 303
SCHELLING’S PHILOSOPHY OF NATURE 305
SCHELLING’S TRANSCENDENTAL PHILOSOPHY 307
THE SYSTEM OF IDENTITY 310
SCHELLING’S RELIGIOUS PHILOSOPHY 311
HEGEL AND THE CULMINATION OF IDEALISM 312
WHY HEGEL REMAINS TO-DAY THE REPRESENTATIVE OF KANT 314
THE LIFE AND WRITINGS OF HEGEL (1770–1831) 315
1. Formative Period (1770–1796) 317
2. Formulation of his Philosophy (1796–1806) 317
3. Development of his Philosophy (1806–1831) 317
REALISM, MYSTICISM, AND IDEALISM 318
THE FUNDAMENTAL PRINCIPLES OF HEGEL’S IDEALISM 321
THE COSMIC UNITY 322
THE COSMIC LAW 326
HEGEL’S APPLICATION OF HIS THEORY 328